[Core] [61% incumbents] Establish and maintain relationships with individual or business customers or provide assistance with problems these customers may encounter.
  DWAs: Establish interpersonal business relationships to facilitate work activities.

[Core] [61% incumbents] Plan, direct, or coordinate the activities of workers in branches, offices, or departments of establishments, such as branch banks, brokerage firms, risk and insurance departments, or credit departments.
  DWAs: Supervise employees. | Direct financial operations.

[Core] [61% incumbents] Oversee training programs.
  DWAs: Direct organizational operations, projects, or services.

[Supplemental] [61% incumbents] Establish procedures for custody or control of assets, records, loan collateral, or securities to ensure safekeeping.
  DWAs: Determine pricing or monetary policies.

[Supplemental] [61% incumbents] Communicate with stockholders or other investors to provide information or to raise capital.
  DWAs: Communicate organizational information to customers or other stakeholders.

[Supplemental] [61% incumbents] Develop or analyze information to assess the current or future financial status of firms.
  DWAs: Analyze forecasting data to improve business decisions.

[Supplemental] [61% incumbents] Approve, reject, or coordinate the approval or rejection of lines of credit or commercial, real estate, or personal loans.
  DWAs: Approve expenditures. | Direct financial operations.

[Supplemental] [61% incumbents] Prepare financial or regulatory reports required by laws, regulations, or boards of directors.
  DWAs: Prepare financial documents, reports, or budgets. | Prepare reports related to compliance matters. | Maintain regulatory or compliance documentation.

[Supplemental] [61% incumbents] Examine, evaluate, or process loan applications.
  DWAs: Analyze financial records to improve budgeting or planning.

[Supplemental] [61% incumbents] Network within communities to find and attract new business.
  DWAs: Establish interpersonal business relationships to facilitate work activities.

[Supplemental] [61% incumbents] Prepare operational or risk reports for management analysis.
  DWAs: Prepare operational progress or status reports.

[Supplemental] [61% incumbents] Review collection reports to determine the status of collections and the amounts of outstanding balances.
  DWAs: Analyze financial records or reports to determine state of operations.

[Supplemental] [61% incumbents] Review reports of securities transactions or price lists to analyze market conditions.
  DWAs: Analyze financial records or reports to determine state of operations.

[Core] [60% incumbents] Oversee the flow of cash or financial instruments.
  DWAs: Monitor flow of cash or other resources.

[Core] [60% incumbents] Recruit staff members.
  DWAs: Recruit personnel.

[Supplemental] [60% incumbents] Evaluate financial reporting systems, accounting or collection procedures, or investment activities and make recommendations for changes to procedures, operating systems, budgets, or other financial control functions.
  DWAs: Analyze financial records to improve efficiency. | Recommend organizational process or policy changes.

[Core] [59% incumbents] Evaluate data pertaining to costs to plan budgets.
  DWAs: Analyze financial records to improve budgeting or planning.

--- SKILLS ---
  Reading Comprehension (imp:4.00 lvl:4.38) — Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work-related documents.
  Active Listening (imp:4.00 lvl:4.38) — Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand
  Speaking (imp:4.00 lvl:4.12) — Talking to others to convey information effectively.
  Critical Thinking (imp:4.00 lvl:4.25) — Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternativ
  Writing (imp:3.75 lvl:3.62) — Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the audienc
  Monitoring (imp:3.75 lvl:4.12) — Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or organization
  Mathematics (imp:3.50 lvl:3.62) — Using mathematics to solve problems.
  Active Learning (imp:3.50 lvl:4.00) — Understanding the implications of new information for both current and future pr
  Learning Strategies (imp:3.00 lvl:3.38) — Selecting and using training/instructional methods and procedures appropriate fo
  Science (imp:1.25 lvl:0.25) — Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems.

--- KNOWLEDGE ---
  Customer and Personal Service (imp:4.66 lvl:5.36) — Knowledge of principles and processes for providing customer and personal servic
  Administration and Management (imp:4.33 lvl:5.44) — Knowledge of business and management principles involved in strategic planning, 
  Economics and Accounting (imp:4.07 lvl:5.83) — Knowledge of economic and accounting principles and practices, the financial mar
  Mathematics (imp:3.73 lvl:4.48) — Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their appl
  Administrative (imp:3.70 lvl:4.97) — Knowledge of administrative and office procedures and systems such as word proce
  Law and Government (imp:3.60 lvl:3.89) — Knowledge of laws, legal codes, court procedures, precedents, government regulat
  Personnel and Human Resources (imp:3.50 lvl:4.30) — Knowledge of principles and procedures for personnel recruitment, selection, tra
  Sales and Marketing (imp:3.35 lvl:4.36) — Knowledge of principles and methods for showing, promoting, and selling products
  English Language (imp:3.32 lvl:3.75) — Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the mea
  Education and Training (imp:3.29 lvl:4.72) — Knowledge of principles and methods for curriculum and training design, teaching
  Computers and Electronics (imp:3.25 lvl:3.97) — Knowledge of circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and comput
  Communications and Media (imp:2.74 lvl:2.63) — Knowledge of media production, communication, and dissemination techniques and m
  Psychology (imp:2.25 lvl:2.66) — Knowledge of human behavior and performance; individual differences in ability, 
  Public Safety and Security (imp:2.19 lvl:1.99) — Knowledge of relevant equipment, policies, procedures, and strategies to promote
  Production and Processing (imp:1.89) — Knowledge of raw materials, production processes, quality control, costs, and ot
  Telecommunications (imp:1.73 lvl:1.27) — Knowledge of transmission, broadcasting, switching, control, and operation of te
  Foreign Language (imp:1.69 lvl:1.15) — Knowledge of the structure and content of a foreign (non-English) language inclu
  Sociology and Anthropology (imp:1.64) — Knowledge of group behavior and dynamics, societal trends and influences, human 
  Philosophy and Theology (imp:1.59 lvl:1.32) — Knowledge of different philosophical systems and religions. This includes their 
  Geography (imp:1.56 lvl:1.66) — Knowledge of principles and methods for describing the features of land, sea, an
  Mechanical (imp:1.36) — Knowledge of machines and tools, including their designs, uses, repair, and main
  Transportation (imp:1.35) — Knowledge of principles and methods for moving people or goods by air, rail, sea
  Therapy and Counseling (imp:1.34) — Knowledge of principles, methods, and procedures for diagnosis, treatment, and r
  Design (imp:1.33) — Knowledge of design techniques, tools, and principles involved in production of 
  Engineering and Technology (imp:1.29) — Knowledge of the practical application of engineering science and technology. Th
  Building and Construction (imp:1.29) — Knowledge of materials, methods, and the tools involved in the construction or r
  History and Archeology (imp:1.20) — Knowledge of historical events and their causes, indicators, and effects on civi
  Food Production (imp:1.08) — Knowledge of techniques and equipment for planting, growing, and harvesting food
  Fine Arts (imp:1.02) — Knowledge of the theory and techniques required to compose, produce, and perform
  Medicine and Dentistry (imp:1.01) — Knowledge of the information and techniques needed to diagnose and treat human i
  Physics (imp:1.00) — Knowledge and prediction of physical principles, laws, their interrelationships,
  Chemistry (imp:1.00) — Knowledge of the chemical composition, structure, and properties of substances a
  Biology (imp:1.00) — Knowledge of plant and animal organisms, their tissues, cells, functions, interd

--- ABILITIES ---
  Oral Comprehension (imp:4.12 lvl:4.50) — The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through 
  Written Comprehension (imp:4.12 lvl:4.62) — The ability to read and understand information and ideas presented in writing.
  Oral Expression (imp:4.12 lvl:4.62) — The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will unde
  Deductive Reasoning (imp:4.00 lvl:4.62) — The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that 
  Speech Clarity (imp:4.00 lvl:4.00) — The ability to speak clearly so others can understand you.
  Written Expression (imp:3.88 lvl:4.12) — The ability to communicate information and ideas in writing so others will under
  Problem Sensitivity (imp:3.88 lvl:4.00) — The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does no
  Inductive Reasoning (imp:3.88 lvl:4.12) — The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusion
  Information Ordering (imp:3.75 lvl:3.50) — The ability to arrange things or actions in a certain order or pattern according
  Near Vision (imp:3.75 lvl:4.12) — The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the observer).
  Speech Recognition (imp:3.75 lvl:3.88) — The ability to identify and understand the speech of another person.
  Mathematical Reasoning (imp:3.50 lvl:3.75) — The ability to choose the right mathematical methods or formulas to solve a prob
  Number Facility (imp:3.50 lvl:4.25) — The ability to add, subtract, multiply, or divide quickly and correctly.
  Fluency of Ideas (imp:3.38 lvl:3.50) — The ability to come up with a number of ideas about a topic (the number of ideas
  Flexibility of Closure (imp:3.25 lvl:3.38) — The ability to identify or detect a known pattern (a figure, object, word, or so
  Category Flexibility (imp:3.12 lvl:3.50) — The ability to generate or use different sets of rules for combining or grouping
  Speed of Closure (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to quickly make sense of, combine, and organize information into mea
  Originality (imp:2.88 lvl:3.12) — The ability to come up with unusual or clever ideas about a given topic or situa
  Perceptual Speed (imp:2.88 lvl:2.62) — The ability to quickly and accurately compare similarities and differences among
  Selective Attention (imp:2.75 lvl:2.62) — The ability to concentrate on a task over a period of time without being distrac
  Memorization (imp:2.50 lvl:2.62) — The ability to remember information such as words, numbers, pictures, and proced
  Time Sharing (imp:2.25 lvl:2.00) — The ability to shift back and forth between two or more activities or sources of
  Far Vision (imp:2.25 lvl:2.12) — The ability to see details at a distance.
  Visualization (imp:2.12 lvl:2.12) — The ability to imagine how something will look after it is moved around or when 
  Wrist-Finger Speed (imp:2.00 lvl:1.62) — The ability to make fast, simple, repeated movements of the fingers, hands, and 
  Auditory Attention (imp:2.00 lvl:1.62) — The ability to focus on a single source of sound in the presence of other distra
  Trunk Strength (imp:1.88 lvl:1.38) — The ability to use your abdominal and lower back muscles to support part of the 
  Arm-Hand Steadiness (imp:1.75 lvl:0.88) — The ability to keep your hand and arm steady while moving your arm or while hold
  Manual Dexterity (imp:1.75 lvl:0.88) — The ability to quickly move your hand, your hand together with your arm, or your
  Finger Dexterity (imp:1.75 lvl:1.12) — The ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the fingers of one or bot
  Depth Perception (imp:1.50 lvl:0.62) — The ability to judge which of several objects is closer or farther away from you
  Hearing Sensitivity (imp:1.50 lvl:1.00) — The ability to detect or tell the differences between sounds that vary in pitch 
  Visual Color Discrimination (imp:1.38 lvl:0.62) — The ability to match or detect differences between colors, including shades of c
  Control Precision (imp:1.25 lvl:0.38) — The ability to quickly and repeatedly adjust the controls of a machine or a vehi
  Stamina (imp:1.12 lvl:0.25) — The ability to exert yourself physically over long periods of time without getti
  Night Vision (imp:1.12 lvl:0.12) — The ability to see under low-light conditions.
  Peripheral Vision (imp:1.12 lvl:0.25) — The ability to see objects or movement of objects to one's side when the eyes ar
  Sound Localization (imp:1.12 lvl:0.25) — The ability to tell the direction from which a sound originated.
  Spatial Orientation (imp:1.00) — The ability to know your location in relation to the environment or to know wher
  Multilimb Coordination (imp:1.00) — The ability to coordinate two or more limbs (for example, two arms, two legs, or
  Response Orientation (imp:1.00) — The ability to choose quickly between two or more movements in response to two o
  Rate Control (imp:1.00) — The ability to time your movements or the movement of a piece of equipment in an
  Reaction Time (imp:1.00) — The ability to quickly respond (with the hand, finger, or foot) to a signal (sou
  Speed of Limb Movement (imp:1.00) — The ability to quickly move the arms and legs.
  Static Strength (imp:1.00) — The ability to exert maximum muscle force to lift, push, pull, or carry objects.
  Explosive Strength (imp:1.00) — The ability to use short bursts of muscle force to propel oneself (as in jumping
  Dynamic Strength (imp:1.00) — The ability to exert muscle force repeatedly or continuously over time. This inv
  Extent Flexibility (imp:1.00) — The ability to bend, stretch, twist, or reach with your body, arms, and/or legs.
  Dynamic Flexibility (imp:1.00) — The ability to quickly and repeatedly bend, stretch, twist, or reach out with yo
  Gross Body Coordination (imp:1.00) — The ability to coordinate the movement of your arms, legs, and torso together wh
  Gross Body Equilibrium (imp:1.00) — The ability to keep or regain your body balance or stay upright when in an unsta
  Glare Sensitivity (imp:1.00) — The ability to see objects in the presence of a glare or bright lighting.

--- WORK ACTIVITIES ---
  Working with Computers (imp:4.34 lvl:3.50) — Using computers and computer systems (including hardware and software) to progra
  Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships (imp:4.31 lvl:4.91) — Developing constructive and cooperative working relationships with others, and m
  Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates (imp:4.28 lvl:4.86) — Providing information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone,
  Processing Information (imp:4.27 lvl:4.85) — Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, or verifying
  Getting Information (imp:4.23 lvl:4.95) — Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from all relevant sour
  Evaluating Information to Determine Compliance with Standards (imp:4.22 lvl:4.40) — Using relevant information and individual judgment to determine whether events o
  Making Decisions and Solving Problems (imp:4.22 lvl:4.92) — Analyzing information and evaluating results to choose the best solution and sol
  Coaching and Developing Others (imp:4.16 lvl:4.73) — Identifying the developmental needs of others and coaching, mentoring, or otherw
  Guiding, Directing, and Motivating Subordinates (imp:4.09 lvl:4.61) — Providing guidance and direction to subordinates, including setting performance 
  Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work (imp:4.06 lvl:5.07) — Developing specific goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and accomplish your
  Coordinating the Work and Activities of Others (imp:4.01 lvl:4.40) — Getting members of a group to work together to accomplish tasks.
  Analyzing Data or Information (imp:3.95 lvl:4.37) — Identifying the underlying principles, reasons, or facts of information by break
  Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge (imp:3.78 lvl:4.82) — Keeping up-to-date technically and applying new knowledge to your job.
  Judging the Qualities of Objects, Services, or People (imp:3.72 lvl:4.33) — Assessing the value, importance, or quality of things or people.
  Developing and Building Teams (imp:3.71 lvl:3.28) — Encouraging and building mutual trust, respect, and cooperation among team membe
  Scheduling Work and Activities (imp:3.64 lvl:4.19) — Scheduling events, programs, and activities, as well as the work of others.
  Documenting/Recording Information (imp:3.61 lvl:3.54) — Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining information in writte
  Developing Objectives and Strategies (imp:3.60 lvl:4.17) — Establishing long-range objectives and specifying the strategies and actions to 
  Communicating with People Outside the Organization (imp:3.54 lvl:3.73) — Communicating with people outside the organization, representing the organizatio
  Training and Teaching Others (imp:3.49 lvl:3.84) — Identifying the educational needs of others, developing formal educational or tr
  Providing Consultation and Advice to Others (imp:3.38 lvl:4.19) — Providing guidance and expert advice to management or other groups on technical,
  Performing Administrative Activities (imp:3.36 lvl:3.99) — Performing day-to-day administrative tasks such as maintaining information files
  Performing for or Working Directly with the Public (imp:3.35 lvl:3.59) — Performing for people or dealing directly with the public. This includes serving
  Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events (imp:3.32 lvl:3.87) — Identifying information by categorizing, estimating, recognizing differences or 
  Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others (imp:3.27 lvl:3.30) — Translating or explaining what information means and how it can be used.
  Resolving Conflicts and Negotiating with Others (imp:3.12 lvl:3.93) — Handling complaints, settling disputes, and resolving grievances and conflicts, 
  Monitoring Processes, Materials, or Surroundings (imp:3.11 lvl:3.65) — Monitoring and reviewing information from materials, events, or the environment,
  Thinking Creatively (imp:3.07 lvl:3.49) — Developing, designing, or creating new applications, ideas, relationships, syste
  Staffing Organizational Units (imp:2.87 lvl:3.18) — Recruiting, interviewing, selecting, hiring, and promoting employees in an organ
  Selling or Influencing Others (imp:2.74 lvl:2.90) — Convincing others to buy merchandise/goods or to otherwise change their minds or
  Monitoring and Controlling Resources (imp:2.67 lvl:3.12) — Monitoring and controlling resources and overseeing the spending of money.
  Estimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or Information (imp:2.66 lvl:2.11) — Estimating sizes, distances, and quantities; or determining time, costs, resourc
  Assisting and Caring for Others (imp:2.37 lvl:2.71) — Providing personal assistance, medical attention, emotional support, or other pe
  Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Materials (imp:2.15 lvl:1.34) — Inspecting equipment, structures, or materials to identify the cause of errors o
  Performing General Physical Activities (imp:1.88 lvl:1.30) — Performing general physical activities includes doing activities that require co
  Controlling Machines and Processes (imp:1.78 lvl:1.24) — Using either control mechanisms or direct physical activity to operate machines 
  Operating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or Equipment (imp:1.74 lvl:1.07) — Running, maneuvering, navigating, or driving vehicles or mechanized equipment, s
  Handling and Moving Objects (imp:1.52 lvl:1.23) — Using hands and arms in handling, installing, positioning, and moving materials,
  Repairing and Maintaining Electronic Equipment (imp:1.36) — Servicing, repairing, calibrating, regulating, fine-tuning, or testing machines,
  Drafting, Laying Out, and Specifying Technical Devices, Parts, and Equipment (imp:1.28 lvl:0.53) — Providing documentation, detailed instructions, drawings, or specifications to t
  Repairing and Maintaining Mechanical Equipment (imp:1.13) — Servicing, repairing, adjusting, and testing machines, devices, moving parts, an

--- WORK STYLES ---
  Dependability (imp:6.00) — A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related o
  Attention to Detail (imp:5.00) — A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
  Integrity (imp:4.00) — A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
  Cautiousness (imp:3.00) — A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related
  Integrity (imp:2.89) — A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
  Attention to Detail (imp:2.74) — A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
  Dependability (imp:2.65) — A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related o
  Leadership Orientation (imp:2.46) — A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
  Cautiousness (imp:2.28) — A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related
  Achievement Orientation (imp:2.17) — A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, 
  Achievement Orientation (imp:2.00) — A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, 
  Social Orientation (imp:1.95) — A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
  Self-Confidence (imp:1.90) — A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control 
  Self-Control (imp:1.84) — A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in res
  Perseverance (imp:1.80) — A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in 
  Stress Tolerance (imp:1.80) — A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
  Intellectual Curiosity (imp:1.75) — A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep 
  Initiative (imp:1.62) — A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may
  Cooperation (imp:1.53) — A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
  Tolerance for Ambiguity (imp:1.39) — A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
  Adaptability (imp:1.22) — A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas 
  Sincerity (imp:1.09) — A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, withou
  Leadership Orientation (imp:1.00) — A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
  Innovation (imp:0.97) — A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on 
  Optimism (imp:0.95) — A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even un
  Empathy (imp:0.86) — A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feel
  Humility (imp:0.19) — A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
  Innovation () — A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on 
  Intellectual Curiosity () — A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep 
  Tolerance for Ambiguity () — A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
  Initiative () — A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may
  Adaptability () — A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas 
  Self-Confidence () — A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control 
  Perseverance () — A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in 
  Humility () — A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
  Sincerity () — A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, withou
  Empathy () — A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feel
  Cooperation () — A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
  Optimism () — A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even un
  Social Orientation () — A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
  Stress Tolerance () — A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
  Self-Control () — A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in res

--- TRANSFERABLE SKILLS ---
  Social Perceptiveness (imp:3.62 lvl:3.75) — Being aware of others' reactions and understanding why they react as they do.
  Coordination (imp:3.62 lvl:3.75) — Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions.
  Service Orientation (imp:3.62 lvl:3.62) — Actively looking for ways to help people.
  Complex Problem Solving (imp:3.62 lvl:3.88) — Identifying complex problems and reviewing related information to develop and ev
  Judgment and Decision Making (imp:3.62 lvl:3.88) — Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential actions to choose the m
  Time Management (imp:3.62 lvl:3.75) — Managing one's own time and the time of others.
  Management of Personnel Resources (imp:3.62 lvl:4.00) — Motivating, developing, and directing people as they work, identifying the best 
  Persuasion (imp:3.38 lvl:3.75) — Persuading others to change their minds or behavior.
  Negotiation (imp:3.12 lvl:3.75) — Bringing others together and trying to reconcile differences.
  Management of Financial Resources (imp:3.12 lvl:3.62) — Determining how money will be spent to get the work done, and accounting for the
  Systems Analysis (imp:3.00) — Determining how a system should work and how changes in conditions, operations, 
  Systems Evaluation (imp:3.00) — Identifying measures or indicators of system performance and the actions needed 
  Instructing (imp:2.88 lvl:3.38) — Teaching others how to do something.
  Management of Material Resources (imp:2.38 lvl:2.12) — Obtaining and seeing to the appropriate use of equipment, facilities, and materi
  Programming (imp:1.88) — Writing computer programs for various purposes.
  Operations Monitoring (imp:1.88 lvl:1.38) — Watching gauges, dials, or other indicators to make sure a machine is working pr
  Quality Control Analysis (imp:1.88 lvl:1.50) — Conducting tests and inspections of products, services, or processes to evaluate
  Operations Analysis (imp:1.75) — Analyzing needs and product requirements to create a design.
  Technology Design (imp:1.62 lvl:0.88) — Generating or adapting equipment and technology to serve user needs.
  Equipment Selection (imp:1.25 lvl:0.38) — Determining the kind of tools and equipment needed to do a job.
  Troubleshooting (imp:1.25 lvl:0.38) — Determining causes of operating errors and deciding what to do about it.
  Operation and Control (imp:1.12 lvl:0.12) — Controlling operations of equipment or systems.
  Installation (imp:1.00) — Installing equipment, machines, wiring, or programs to meet specifications.
  Equipment Maintenance (imp:1.00) — Performing routine maintenance on equipment and determining when and what kind o
  Repairing (imp:1.00) — Repairing machines or systems using the needed tools.

--- NATIONAL WAGES ---
  total_employment : 841,710
  annual_median    : $166,570
  annual_pct10     : $94,310
  annual_pct25     : $125,490
  annual_pct75     : $219,980
  annual_pct90     : $323,270
  annual_mean      : $186,910
  hourly_median    : $80.08

--- GEOGRAPHIC DISPERSION ---
  highest_state    : New York ($219,880)
  lowest_state     : Guam ($80,390)
  dispersion_ratio : 2.735x

--- TOP STATES BY WAGE (54 total) ---
  Finance and Insurance                    emp:  267,070  median: $ 169,980
  Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services emp:  122,870  median: $ 174,170
  Management of Companies and Enterprises  emp:   94,170  median: $ 172,340
  Federal, State, and Local Government, excluding State and Local Government Schools and Hospitals and the U.S. Postal Service (OEWS Designation) emp:   51,230  median: $ 139,840
  Manufacturing                            emp:   46,980  median: $ 164,400
  Health Care and Social Assistance        emp:   34,870  median: $ 141,970
  Wholesale Trade                          emp:   34,070  median: $ 165,730
  Educational Services                     emp:   30,890  median: $ 134,410
  Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services emp:   29,950  median: $ 166,290
  Information                              emp:   23,580  median: $ 205,070

--- TOP INDUSTRIES BY EMPLOYMENT (20 total) ---
  Finance and Insurance                    emp:  267,070  median: $ 169,980
  Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services emp:  122,870  median: $ 174,170
  Management of Companies and Enterprises  emp:   94,170  median: $ 172,340
  Federal, State, and Local Government, excluding State and Local Government Schools and Hospitals and the U.S. Postal Service (OEWS Designation) emp:   51,230  median: $ 139,840
  Manufacturing                            emp:   46,980  median: $ 164,400
  Health Care and Social Assistance        emp:   34,870  median: $ 141,970
  Wholesale Trade                          emp:   34,070  median: $ 165,730
  Educational Services                     emp:   30,890  median: $ 134,410
  Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services emp:   29,950  median: $ 166,290
  Information                              emp:   23,580  median: $ 205,070

exact_match_status : found
matched_title      : Financial management
match_score        : 0.8421
wikidata_qid       : Q4738155
word_count         : 716
wikipedia_url      : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_management
license            : CC BY-SA 4.0
fetched_at         : 2026-06-02T19:56:06.201781Z

--- WIKIPEDIA FULL TEXT ---
Financial management is the business function concerned with profitability, expenses, cash, and credit. These are often grouped together under the rubric of maximizing the value of the firm for stockholders. The discipline is then tasked with the "efficient acquisition and deployment" of both short- and long-term financial resources, to ensure the objectives of the enterprise are achieved.
Financial managers (FM) are specialized professionals directly reporting to senior management, often the financial director (FD); the function is seen as 'staff', and not 'line'.


== Role ==

Financial management is generally concerned with short term working capital management, focusing on current assets and current liabilities,  and managing fluctuations in foreign currency and product cycles, often through hedging.
The function also entails the efficient and effective day-to-day management of funds, and thus overlaps treasury management.
It is also involved with long term  strategic financial management, focused on i.a. capital structure management, including capital raising, capital budgeting (capital allocation between business units or products), and dividend policy;
these latter, in large corporates, being more the domain of "corporate finance."
Specific tasks:

Profit maximization happens when marginal cost is equal to marginal revenue. This is the main objective of financial management.
Maintaining proper cash flow is a short run objective of financial management. It is necessary for operations to pay the day-to-day expenses e.g. raw material, electricity bills, wages, rent etc. A good cash flow ensures the survival of company; see cashflow forecast.
Minimization on capital cost in financial management can help operations gain more profit.
Estimating the requirement of funds: Businesses make forecast on funds needed in both short run and long run, hence, they can improve the efficiency of funding. The estimation is based on the budget e.g. sales budget, production budget; see budget analyst.
Determining the capital structure: Capital structure is how a firm finances its overall operations and growth by using different sources of funds. Once the requirement of funds has been estimated, the financial manager should decide the mix of debt and equity, as well as the types of debt.


== Relationship with other areas of finance ==
Two areas of finance directly overlap financial management:
(i) Managerial finance is the (academic) branch of finance concerned with the managerial application of financial techniques;
(ii) Corporate finance is mainly concerned with the longer term capital budgeting, and typically is more relevant to large corporations.
Investment management, also related, is the professional asset management of various securities (shares, bonds and other securities/assets).
In the context of financial management, the function sits with treasury; usually the management of the various short-term financial legal instruments (contractual duties, obligations, or rights) appropriate to the company's cash- and liquidity management requirements. See Treasury management § Cash and liquidity management and Chief Investment Officer.
The term "financial management" refers to a company's financial strategy, while personal finance or financial life management refers to an individual's management strategy. A financial planner, or personal financial planner, is a professional who prepares financial plans.


== Financial management systems ==

Financial management systems are the software and technology used by organizations to connect, store, and report on assets, income, and expenses.
These provide the modeling, collaboration and workflow capabilities that spreadsheets cannot sustain at scale. 
Here, financial managers and CFOs rely on 

 
a range of products: 
traditionally, commercial EPM and BI tools such as BusinessObjects (SAP), OBI EE (Oracle), Cognos (IBM), and Power BI (Microsoft); 
and increasingly, specialised FP&A products provided by Jedox, Anaplan, Workday, Hyperion, Wolters Kluwer, Datarails, and Workiva.
Note that - despite the issues outlined - spreadsheets remain in wide use, 

invariably as a starting point,  and frequently in total.
(Additionally, the above products - along with company data - are often accessed  via a spreadsheet add-in.)


== See also ==
Financial management for IT services, financial management of IT assets and resources
Financial Management Service, a bureau of the U.S. Treasury which provides financial services for the government.
Financial mismanagement
Financial risk management § Corporate finance
FP&A
Managerial finance


== References ==


== Further reading ==
Lawrence Gitman and Chad J. Zutter  (2019). Principles of Managerial Finance, 14th edition, Addison-Wesley Publishing, ISBN 978-0133507690.
Clive Marsh (2009). Mastering Financial Management, Financial Times Prentice Hall ISBN 978-0-273-72454-4
James Van Horne and John Wachowicz (2009). Fundamentals of Financial Management, 13th ed., Pearson Education Limited. ISBN 9705614229

--- SEMANTIC NEIGHBORS (5) ---

  Title: Chief financial officer (similarity: 0.5854)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chief_financial_officer
  QID: Q623268
  Extract: 
A chief financial officer (CFO) is an officer of a company or organization who is assigned the primary responsibility for making decisions for the company for projects and its finances; i.a.: financial planning, management of financial risks, record-keeping, and financial reporting, and, increasing

  Title: List of accounting roles (similarity: 0.2857)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_accounting_roles
  QID: Q26902748
  Extract: Many accountants in the United States are not certified, particularly those who work in corporate America. They may be referred to as bookkeepers, accountants, junior accountants, staff accountants, senior accountants, or accounting supervisors, depending on their level in the management duties and 

  Title: Comptroller (similarity: 0.2759)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comptroller
  QID: Q673633
  Extract: A comptroller is a management-level position responsible for supervising the quality of accounting and financial reporting of an organization. A financial comptroller is a senior-level executive who acts as the head of accounting, and oversees the preparation of financial reports, such as balance sh

  Title: Account executive (similarity: 0.1143)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Account_executive
  QID: Q4672747
  Extract: 
Account executive is a role in advertising, marketing, sales, and finance involving intimate understanding of a client company's objectives and products and a professional capability to provide effective advice toward creation of successful promotional activities and strategies. The account executi

  Title: National Financial Reporting Authority (similarity: 0.4286)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Financial_Reporting_Authority
  QID: Q39049046
  Extract: National Financial Reporting Authority (NFRA) is the auditing and accounting supervision authority of India.

model_pass1          : claude-sonnet-4-20250514
model_pass2          : claude-haiku-4-5-20251001
inference_confidence : high
confidence_notes     : Strong confidence based on comprehensive O*NET data with detailed skills, knowledge, abilities, and work activities. Clear career pathways and related occupations provide solid foundation for edge relationships. BLS wage data current and extensive.
inferred_at          : 2026-06-03T12:17:24.353142+00:00
tokens_input         : 4,614
tokens_output        : 4,459
cost_usd             : $0.050363
wikipedia_used       : True
wikipedia_title      : Financial management
wikipedia_note       : The Wikipedia match for 'Financial management' aligns well with the occupation's focus on business functions concerning profitability, expenses, cash, and credit management. The definition of efficient acquisition and deployment of financial resources matches the O*NET description of planning, directing, and coordinating financial activities.

--- PROSE FIELDS ---

ROLE SUMMARY:
Financial Managers plan, direct, and coordinate accounting, investing, banking, insurance, securities, and other financial activities of organizational branches, offices, or departments. They establish and maintain customer relationships while overseeing financial operations, training programs, and regulatory compliance across diverse financial services sectors. These senior professionals combine strategic financial oversight with hands-on management of teams and customer-facing responsibilities.

DAY IN THE LIFE:
Financial Managers begin their day reviewing financial reports and market conditions to assess their organization's current financial status and make strategic decisions. They spend considerable time establishing and maintaining relationships with individual or business customers, providing assistance with financial problems and networking within communities to attract new business. Throughout the day, they coordinate the activities of workers in their branches or departments, oversee training programs, and evaluate loan applications or lines of credit. They frequently communicate with stockholders, investors, and regulatory bodies, preparing required financial reports and ensuring compliance with laws and regulations. Their work involves extensive computer use for data analysis and processing information, while also coaching and developing their team members.

WHO THRIVES:
Financial Managers thrive with strong deductive and inductive reasoning abilities, enabling them to analyze complex financial data and make sound decisions. They excel with high oral and written comprehension and expression skills, as customer relationship management and stakeholder communication are central to their role. Individuals who demonstrate exceptional dependability and attention to detail succeed in this position, given the regulatory requirements and fiduciary responsibilities involved. Those with natural leadership abilities and social perceptiveness perform well, as they must coordinate teams while building trust with customers and investors. The entrepreneurial and conventional personality types (RIASEC E:7.00, C:5.56) align well with the business development and systematic financial management aspects of the role.

CAREER ENTRY:
Financial Managers typically require a bachelor's degree, with 56.3% of professionals holding this level of education according to O*NET data. Many professionals enter through progressive advancement from roles such as Financial and Investment Analysts, Accountants and Auditors, or Loan Officers, building expertise in specific financial functions before moving into management. Post-baccalaureate certificates (held by 21.0% of professionals) provide additional specialized knowledge in areas like financial planning, risk management, or regulatory compliance. The role demands considerable preparation (Job Zone 4) with several years of relevant experience in financial services typically required before advancement to management positions.

CAREER TRAJECTORY:
Financial Managers can advance to senior executive positions such as Chief Financial Officer (CFO), Controller, or Treasurer roles within larger organizations. Specialization paths include Investment Fund Manager positions for those focusing on portfolio management, or executive roles in specific sectors like banking, insurance, or securities. Many leverage their comprehensive financial management experience to transition into consulting roles or start their own financial advisory firms. The broad skill set developed in this role provides pathways to general management positions across industries that require strong financial oversight.

MARKET INTELLIGENCE:
Financial Managers command strong compensation with a median annual salary of $166,570 according to BLS OEWS May 2025 data, with the 90th percentile earning $323,270 annually. The field employs 841,710 professionals nationwide, indicating robust demand across the economy. Geographic variation is significant, with New York leading at $219,880 median salary compared to Guam at $80,390, representing a 2.73x ratio reflecting regional economic conditions and cost of living differences. Employment is concentrated in Finance and Insurance (267,070 positions), Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services (122,870), and Management of Companies and Enterprises (94,170), demonstrating the role's importance across multiple sectors. The profession benefits from the ongoing complexity of financial regulations and the growing need for sophisticated financial planning in organizations of all sizes.

AUTOMATION OUTLOOK:
Financial Managers face moderate automation risk primarily in routine analytical tasks and report generation, as evidenced by their high computer usage (importance 4.3) but relatively low technical skill level (3.5). However, their core activities of establishing interpersonal relationships (importance 4.3, level 4.9), making complex decisions (importance 4.2, level 4.9), and coaching others (importance 4.2, level 4.7) remain largely automation-resistant due to their reliance on human judgment, relationship-building, and strategic thinking.

--- REASONED EDGES ---
  [career_pathway] Accountants and Auditors (13-2011.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Direct feeder role with shared knowledge in Economics and Accounting (both high importance) and similar work activities in processing information and evaluating compliance.
    data: Economics and Accounting knowledge imp:4.1
    data: Processing Information work activity imp:4.3
    data: Evaluating Information to Determine Compliance imp:4.2
  [skill_overlap] Financial and Investment Analysts (13-2051.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Strong overlap in critical thinking, mathematics skills, and deductive reasoning abilities essential for financial analysis and decision-making.
    data: Critical Thinking skill imp:4.0
    data: Mathematics skill imp:3.5
    data: Deductive Reasoning ability imp:4.0
  [career_pathway] Treasurers and Controllers (11-3031.01) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Natural progression path sharing identical SOC family (11-3031) and similar financial oversight responsibilities with higher specialization.
    data: Same SOC family 11-3031
    data: Administration and Management knowledge imp:4.3
    data: Making Decisions and Solving Problems imp:4.2
  [task_similarity] Loan Officers (13-2072.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Shared tasks in examining loan applications, establishing customer relationships, and evaluating financial compliance standards.
    data: Examine, evaluate, or process loan applications task
    data: Establish and maintain relationships with customers task
    data: Customer and Personal Service knowledge imp:4.7
  [riasec_cluster] Securities, Commodities, and Financial Services Sales Agents (41-3031.00) — confidence:medium
    reasoning: Both roles exhibit strong Enterprising personality type (E:7.00) focused on business development and customer relationship management.
    data: RIASEC E:7.00
    data: Network within communities to find and attract new business task
    data: Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships imp:4.3
  [knowledge_overlap] Financial Risk Specialists (13-2054.00) — confidence:medium
    reasoning: Shared expertise in Economics and Accounting knowledge and similar analytical abilities for assessing financial risks and compliance.
    data: Economics and Accounting knowledge imp:4.1
    data: Evaluating Information to Determine Compliance imp:4.2
    data: Problem Sensitivity ability imp:3.9

--- NORMALIZER SIGNALS ---
  match_keywords   : ['financial manager', 'finance manager', 'banking manager', 'investment manager', 'accounting manager', 'treasury manager', 'credit manager', 'asset manager']
  exclude_keywords : ['financial analyst', 'financial advisor', 'accountant', 'auditor', 'teller']
  title_patterns   : ['*financial manager*', '*finance manager*', '*banking manager*', '*treasury manager*', '*credit manager*']
  common_variations: ['finance manager', 'financial services manager', 'banking manager', 'treasury manager', 'credit manager', 'asset manager', 'investment manager', 'financial operations manager']

total_terms    : 40
top_words      : ['financial', 'management', 'tendency', 'others', 'equipment', 'activities', 'principles', 'operations', 'control', 'services', 'resources', 'finance', 'business', 'reports', 'includes', 'objects', 'problems', 'procedures', 'techniques', 'ideas']
source_layers  : onet_tasks | onet_dimensions | dwas | wikipedia | inference

TERM                    COUNT     FREQ  DOMINANT SOURCE      SOURCE BREAKDOWN
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
financial                  87  0.02767  wikipedia            wikipedia:47%  inference:34%  dwas:9%
management                 53  0.01686  wikipedia            wikipedia:62%  inference:23%  onet_dimensions:13%
tendency                   42  0.01336  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
others                     39  0.01240  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:97%  inference:3%
equipment                  23  0.00732  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
activities                 18  0.00573  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:50%  inference:22%  onet_tasks:11%
principles                 17  0.00541  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:94%  wikipedia:6%
operations                 15  0.00477  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:40%  dwas:33%  wikipedia:20%
control                    14  0.00445  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:86%  onet_tasks:14%
services                   13  0.00413  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:46%  wikipedia:23%  inference:23%
resources                  13  0.00413  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:69%  wikipedia:15%  dwas:8%
finance                    13  0.00413  wikipedia            wikipedia:92%  inference:8%
business                   12  0.00382  inference            inference:33%  dwas:25%  onet_tasks:17%
reports                    12  0.00382  dwas                 dwas:42%  onet_tasks:33%  inference:17%
includes                   12  0.00382  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
objects                    12  0.00382  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
problems                   11  0.00350  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:82%  onet_tasks:9%  inference:9%
procedures                 11  0.00350  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:73%  onet_tasks:27%
techniques                 11  0.00350  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:91%  wikipedia:9%
ideas                      11  0.00350  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
capital                    10  0.00318  wikipedia            wikipedia:90%  onet_tasks:10%
products                   10  0.00318  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:50%  wikipedia:50%
materials                  10  0.00318  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
body                       10  0.00318  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
relationships               9  0.00286  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:33%  inference:33%  dwas:22%
personal                    9  0.00286  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:67%  wikipedia:22%  onet_tasks:11%
accounting                  9  0.00286  wikipedia            wikipedia:44%  onet_dimensions:33%  onet_tasks:11%
production                  9  0.00286  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:89%  wikipedia:11%
quickly                     9  0.00286  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
orientation                 9  0.00286  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
developing                  9  0.00286  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:89%  inference:11%
managers                    9  0.00286  inference            inference:78%  wikipedia:22%
customers                   8  0.00254  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:38%  onet_tasks:25%  inference:25%
cash                        8  0.00254  wikipedia            wikipedia:62%  onet_tasks:12%  dwas:12%
needs                       8  0.00254  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
monitoring                  8  0.00254  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
rules                       8  0.00254  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
providing                   8  0.00254  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:88%  inference:12%
standards                   8  0.00254  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
planning                    8  0.00254  inference            inference:38%  onet_dimensions:25%  dwas:25%