[Core] [25% incumbents] Evaluate needs for procurement of funds and investment of surpluses and make appropriate recommendations.
  DWAs: Determine resource needs. | Recommend organizational process or policy changes.

[Core] [25% incumbents] Delegate authority for the receipt, disbursement, banking, protection, and custody of funds, securities, and financial instruments.
  DWAs: Direct financial operations.

[Core] [25% incumbents] Develop and maintain relationships with banking, insurance, and external accounting personnel to facilitate financial activities.
  DWAs: Establish interpersonal business relationships to facilitate work activities.

[Core] [25% incumbents] Monitor financial activities and details, such as cash flow and reserve levels, to ensure that all legal and regulatory requirements are met.
  DWAs: Monitor flow of cash or other resources. | Monitor organizational compliance with regulations.

[Core] [25% incumbents] Receive, record, and authorize requests for disbursements in accordance with company policies and procedures.
  DWAs: Approve expenditures.

[Core] [25% incumbents] Develop internal control policies, guidelines, and procedures for activities, such as budget administration, cash and credit management, and accounting.
  DWAs: Develop organizational policies or programs. | Develop operating strategies, plans, or procedures.

[Core] [25% incumbents] Coordinate and direct the financial planning, budgeting, procurement, or investment activities of all or part of an organization.
  DWAs: Direct financial operations.

[Core] [25% incumbents] Receive cash and checks and make deposits.
  DWAs: Collect payments for goods or services.

[Core] [25% incumbents] Prepare or direct preparation of financial statements, business activity reports, financial position forecasts, annual budgets, or reports required by regulatory agencies.
  DWAs: Prepare financial documents, reports, or budgets. | Prepare reports related to compliance matters. | Direct financial operations.

[Core] [25% incumbents] Monitor and evaluate the performance of accounting and other financial staff, recommending and implementing personnel actions, such as promotions and dismissals.
  DWAs: Evaluate employee performance.

[Core] [25% incumbents] Analyze the financial details of past, present, and expected operations to identify development opportunities and areas where improvement is needed.
  DWAs: Analyze financial records to improve efficiency.

[Core] [25% incumbents] Conduct or coordinate audits of company accounts and financial transactions to ensure compliance with state and federal requirements and statutes.
  DWAs: Conduct financial or regulatory audits. | Manage control system activities in organizations.

[Core] [25% incumbents] Advise management on short-term and long-term financial objectives, policies, and actions.
  DWAs: Advise others on business or operational matters.

[Core] [25% incumbents] Provide direction and assistance to other organizational units regarding accounting and budgeting policies and procedures and efficient control and utilization of financial resources.
  DWAs: Advise others on business or operational matters.

[Supplemental] [25% incumbents] Perform tax planning work.
  DWAs: Analyze financial records to improve budgeting or planning.

[Supplemental] [25% incumbents] Compute, withhold, and account for all payroll deductions.
  DWAs: Calculate financial data.

[Supplemental] [25% incumbents] Handle all aspects of employee insurance, benefits, and casualty programs, including monitoring changes in health insurance regulations and creating budgets for benefits and worker's compensation.
  DWAs: Prepare operational budgets. | Administer compensation or benefits programs.

[Supplemental] [25% incumbents] Determine depreciation rates to apply to capitalized items and advise management on actions regarding the purchase, lease, or disposal of such items.
  DWAs: Determine pricing or monetary policies. | Advise others on business or operational matters.

[Core] [24% incumbents] Maintain current knowledge of organizational policies and procedures, federal and state policies and directives, and current accounting standards.
  DWAs: Maintain knowledge of current developments in area of expertise.

[Core] [24% incumbents] Lead staff training and development in budgeting and financial management areas.
  DWAs: Conduct employee training programs.

[Supplemental] [24% incumbents] Prepare and file annual tax returns or prepare financial information so that outside accountants can complete tax returns.
  DWAs: Compile operational data. | Prepare financial documents, reports, or budgets.

[Supplemental] [24% incumbents] Supervise employees performing financial reporting, accounting, billing, collections, payroll, and budgeting duties.
  DWAs: Supervise employees.

--- SKILLS ---
  Reading Comprehension (imp:4.12 lvl:4.25) — Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work-related documents.
  Critical Thinking (imp:4.12 lvl:4.75) — Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternativ
  Speaking (imp:4.00 lvl:4.25) — Talking to others to convey information effectively.
  Active Listening (imp:3.88 lvl:4.25) — Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand
  Monitoring (imp:3.88 lvl:4.50) — Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or organization
  Mathematics (imp:3.75 lvl:4.25) — Using mathematics to solve problems.
  Writing (imp:3.62 lvl:4.12) — Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the audienc
  Active Learning (imp:3.62 lvl:4.25) — Understanding the implications of new information for both current and future pr
  Learning Strategies (imp:3.00 lvl:3.38) — Selecting and using training/instructional methods and procedures appropriate fo
  Science (imp:1.25 lvl:0.25) — Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems.

--- KNOWLEDGE ---
  Economics and Accounting (imp:4.60 lvl:6.00) — Knowledge of economic and accounting principles and practices, the financial mar
  English Language (imp:4.20 lvl:4.83) — Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the mea
  Administration and Management (imp:4.04 lvl:5.83) — Knowledge of business and management principles involved in strategic planning, 
  Mathematics (imp:3.92 lvl:5.13) — Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their appl
  Personnel and Human Resources (imp:3.12 lvl:4.12) — Knowledge of principles and procedures for personnel recruitment, selection, tra
  Customer and Personal Service (imp:2.84 lvl:3.42) — Knowledge of principles and processes for providing customer and personal servic
  Law and Government (imp:2.84 lvl:3.04) — Knowledge of laws, legal codes, court procedures, precedents, government regulat
  Computers and Electronics (imp:2.80 lvl:3.76) — Knowledge of circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and comput
  Education and Training (imp:2.56 lvl:3.70) — Knowledge of principles and methods for curriculum and training design, teaching
  Administrative (imp:2.48 lvl:3.48) — Knowledge of administrative and office procedures and systems such as word proce
  Communications and Media (imp:2.00 lvl:2.24) — Knowledge of media production, communication, and dissemination techniques and m
  Sales and Marketing (imp:1.96 lvl:2.44) — Knowledge of principles and methods for showing, promoting, and selling products
  Psychology (imp:1.92 lvl:2.17) — Knowledge of human behavior and performance; individual differences in ability, 
  Public Safety and Security (imp:1.80 lvl:1.32) — Knowledge of relevant equipment, policies, procedures, and strategies to promote
  Production and Processing (imp:1.76 lvl:1.58) — Knowledge of raw materials, production processes, quality control, costs, and ot
  Sociology and Anthropology (imp:1.58 lvl:1.28) — Knowledge of group behavior and dynamics, societal trends and influences, human 
  Engineering and Technology (imp:1.44 lvl:0.96) — Knowledge of the practical application of engineering science and technology. Th
  Geography (imp:1.44 lvl:1.00) — Knowledge of principles and methods for describing the features of land, sea, an
  Telecommunications (imp:1.44 lvl:0.60) — Knowledge of transmission, broadcasting, switching, control, and operation of te
  Foreign Language (imp:1.40 lvl:0.88) — Knowledge of the structure and content of a foreign (non-English) language inclu
  Philosophy and Theology (imp:1.40 lvl:1.00) — Knowledge of different philosophical systems and religions. This includes their 
  Transportation (imp:1.28 lvl:0.80) — Knowledge of principles and methods for moving people or goods by air, rail, sea
  Design (imp:1.24 lvl:0.60) — Knowledge of design techniques, tools, and principles involved in production of 
  Therapy and Counseling (imp:1.20 lvl:0.48) — Knowledge of principles, methods, and procedures for diagnosis, treatment, and r
  History and Archeology (imp:1.20 lvl:0.48) — Knowledge of historical events and their causes, indicators, and effects on civi
  Medicine and Dentistry (imp:1.12 lvl:0.21) — Knowledge of the information and techniques needed to diagnose and treat human i
  Food Production (imp:1.08 lvl:0.16) — Knowledge of techniques and equipment for planting, growing, and harvesting food
  Mechanical (imp:1.08 lvl:0.12) — Knowledge of machines and tools, including their designs, uses, repair, and main
  Building and Construction (imp:1.04 lvl:0.04) — Knowledge of materials, methods, and the tools involved in the construction or r
  Physics (imp:1.04 lvl:0.08) — Knowledge and prediction of physical principles, laws, their interrelationships,
  Fine Arts (imp:1.04 lvl:0.04) — Knowledge of the theory and techniques required to compose, produce, and perform
  Chemistry (imp:1.00) — Knowledge of the chemical composition, structure, and properties of substances a
  Biology (imp:1.00) — Knowledge of plant and animal organisms, their tissues, cells, functions, interd

--- ABILITIES ---
  Written Comprehension (imp:4.12 lvl:4.38) — The ability to read and understand information and ideas presented in writing.
  Inductive Reasoning (imp:4.12 lvl:4.38) — The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusion
  Oral Comprehension (imp:4.00 lvl:4.12) — The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through 
  Oral Expression (imp:4.00 lvl:4.88) — The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will unde
  Written Expression (imp:4.00 lvl:4.12) — The ability to communicate information and ideas in writing so others will under
  Problem Sensitivity (imp:4.00 lvl:4.62) — The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does no
  Deductive Reasoning (imp:4.00 lvl:4.62) — The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that 
  Near Vision (imp:4.00 lvl:4.12) — The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the observer).
  Information Ordering (imp:3.88 lvl:3.88) — The ability to arrange things or actions in a certain order or pattern according
  Mathematical Reasoning (imp:3.88 lvl:4.25) — The ability to choose the right mathematical methods or formulas to solve a prob
  Number Facility (imp:3.75 lvl:4.38) — The ability to add, subtract, multiply, or divide quickly and correctly.
  Speech Recognition (imp:3.62 lvl:3.75) — The ability to identify and understand the speech of another person.
  Speech Clarity (imp:3.62 lvl:3.75) — The ability to speak clearly so others can understand you.
  Category Flexibility (imp:3.50 lvl:3.88) — The ability to generate or use different sets of rules for combining or grouping
  Fluency of Ideas (imp:3.25 lvl:3.62) — The ability to come up with a number of ideas about a topic (the number of ideas
  Originality (imp:3.25 lvl:3.50) — The ability to come up with unusual or clever ideas about a given topic or situa
  Perceptual Speed (imp:3.12 lvl:3.12) — The ability to quickly and accurately compare similarities and differences among
  Flexibility of Closure (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to identify or detect a known pattern (a figure, object, word, or so
  Speed of Closure (imp:2.88 lvl:3.12) — The ability to quickly make sense of, combine, and organize information into mea
  Memorization (imp:2.75 lvl:2.75) — The ability to remember information such as words, numbers, pictures, and proced
  Selective Attention (imp:2.62 lvl:2.62) — The ability to concentrate on a task over a period of time without being distrac
  Visualization (imp:2.38 lvl:2.62) — The ability to imagine how something will look after it is moved around or when 
  Time Sharing (imp:2.38 lvl:2.00) — The ability to shift back and forth between two or more activities or sources of
  Far Vision (imp:2.38 lvl:2.62) — The ability to see details at a distance.
  Finger Dexterity (imp:2.12 lvl:2.00) — The ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the fingers of one or bot
  Visual Color Discrimination (imp:1.88 lvl:1.25) — The ability to match or detect differences between colors, including shades of c
  Hearing Sensitivity (imp:1.75 lvl:1.12) — The ability to detect or tell the differences between sounds that vary in pitch 
  Auditory Attention (imp:1.75 lvl:1.12) — The ability to focus on a single source of sound in the presence of other distra
  Depth Perception (imp:1.62 lvl:0.62) — The ability to judge which of several objects is closer or farther away from you
  Trunk Strength (imp:1.50 lvl:0.88) — The ability to use your abdominal and lower back muscles to support part of the 
  Wrist-Finger Speed (imp:1.25 lvl:0.38) — The ability to make fast, simple, repeated movements of the fingers, hands, and 
  Dynamic Strength (imp:1.25 lvl:0.25) — The ability to exert muscle force repeatedly or continuously over time. This inv
  Manual Dexterity (imp:1.12 lvl:0.12) — The ability to quickly move your hand, your hand together with your arm, or your
  Spatial Orientation (imp:1.00) — The ability to know your location in relation to the environment or to know wher
  Arm-Hand Steadiness (imp:1.00) — The ability to keep your hand and arm steady while moving your arm or while hold
  Control Precision (imp:1.00) — The ability to quickly and repeatedly adjust the controls of a machine or a vehi
  Multilimb Coordination (imp:1.00) — The ability to coordinate two or more limbs (for example, two arms, two legs, or
  Response Orientation (imp:1.00) — The ability to choose quickly between two or more movements in response to two o
  Rate Control (imp:1.00) — The ability to time your movements or the movement of a piece of equipment in an
  Reaction Time (imp:1.00) — The ability to quickly respond (with the hand, finger, or foot) to a signal (sou
  Speed of Limb Movement (imp:1.00) — The ability to quickly move the arms and legs.
  Static Strength (imp:1.00) — The ability to exert maximum muscle force to lift, push, pull, or carry objects.
  Explosive Strength (imp:1.00) — The ability to use short bursts of muscle force to propel oneself (as in jumping
  Stamina (imp:1.00) — The ability to exert yourself physically over long periods of time without getti
  Extent Flexibility (imp:1.00) — The ability to bend, stretch, twist, or reach with your body, arms, and/or legs.
  Dynamic Flexibility (imp:1.00) — The ability to quickly and repeatedly bend, stretch, twist, or reach out with yo
  Gross Body Coordination (imp:1.00) — The ability to coordinate the movement of your arms, legs, and torso together wh
  Gross Body Equilibrium (imp:1.00) — The ability to keep or regain your body balance or stay upright when in an unsta
  Night Vision (imp:1.00) — The ability to see under low-light conditions.
  Peripheral Vision (imp:1.00) — The ability to see objects or movement of objects to one's side when the eyes ar
  Glare Sensitivity (imp:1.00) — The ability to see objects in the presence of a glare or bright lighting.
  Sound Localization (imp:1.00) — The ability to tell the direction from which a sound originated.

--- WORK ACTIVITIES ---
  Getting Information (imp:4.76 lvl:5.32) — Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from all relevant sour
  Making Decisions and Solving Problems (imp:4.75 lvl:5.78) — Analyzing information and evaluating results to choose the best solution and sol
  Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates (imp:4.68 lvl:5.71) — Providing information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone,
  Analyzing Data or Information (imp:4.62 lvl:5.92) — Identifying the underlying principles, reasons, or facts of information by break
  Working with Computers (imp:4.44 lvl:4.12) — Using computers and computer systems (including hardware and software) to progra
  Communicating with People Outside the Organization (imp:4.44 lvl:5.38) — Communicating with people outside the organization, representing the organizatio
  Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships (imp:4.32 lvl:5.67) — Developing constructive and cooperative working relationships with others, and m
  Processing Information (imp:4.28 lvl:5.44) — Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, or verifying
  Developing Objectives and Strategies (imp:4.21 lvl:5.29) — Establishing long-range objectives and specifying the strategies and actions to 
  Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work (imp:4.13 lvl:5.61) — Developing specific goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and accomplish your
  Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge (imp:4.12 lvl:5.50) — Keeping up-to-date technically and applying new knowledge to your job.
  Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others (imp:3.96 lvl:4.75) — Translating or explaining what information means and how it can be used.
  Developing and Building Teams (imp:3.96 lvl:4.50) — Encouraging and building mutual trust, respect, and cooperation among team membe
  Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events (imp:3.88 lvl:4.88) — Identifying information by categorizing, estimating, recognizing differences or 
  Coaching and Developing Others (imp:3.88 lvl:5.00) — Identifying the developmental needs of others and coaching, mentoring, or otherw
  Evaluating Information to Determine Compliance with Standards (imp:3.84 lvl:4.62) — Using relevant information and individual judgment to determine whether events o
  Guiding, Directing, and Motivating Subordinates (imp:3.84 lvl:5.17) — Providing guidance and direction to subordinates, including setting performance 
  Providing Consultation and Advice to Others (imp:3.72 lvl:5.17) — Providing guidance and expert advice to management or other groups on technical,
  Monitoring and Controlling Resources (imp:3.68 lvl:4.96) — Monitoring and controlling resources and overseeing the spending of money.
  Thinking Creatively (imp:3.62 lvl:4.58) — Developing, designing, or creating new applications, ideas, relationships, syste
  Documenting/Recording Information (imp:3.60 lvl:4.21) — Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining information in writte
  Judging the Qualities of Objects, Services, or People (imp:3.54 lvl:4.58) — Assessing the value, importance, or quality of things or people.
  Resolving Conflicts and Negotiating with Others (imp:3.50 lvl:4.96) — Handling complaints, settling disputes, and resolving grievances and conflicts, 
  Scheduling Work and Activities (imp:3.46 lvl:4.71) — Scheduling events, programs, and activities, as well as the work of others.
  Coordinating the Work and Activities of Others (imp:3.42 lvl:4.54) — Getting members of a group to work together to accomplish tasks.
  Staffing Organizational Units (imp:3.32 lvl:4.46) — Recruiting, interviewing, selecting, hiring, and promoting employees in an organ
  Training and Teaching Others (imp:3.24 lvl:4.00) — Identifying the educational needs of others, developing formal educational or tr
  Estimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or Information (imp:3.16 lvl:3.54) — Estimating sizes, distances, and quantities; or determining time, costs, resourc
  Selling or Influencing Others (imp:3.12 lvl:3.83) — Convincing others to buy merchandise/goods or to otherwise change their minds or
  Performing Administrative Activities (imp:3.08 lvl:4.50) — Performing day-to-day administrative tasks such as maintaining information files
  Monitoring Processes, Materials, or Surroundings (imp:3.04 lvl:3.76) — Monitoring and reviewing information from materials, events, or the environment,
  Assisting and Caring for Others (imp:2.54 lvl:2.56) — Providing personal assistance, medical attention, emotional support, or other pe
  Performing for or Working Directly with the Public (imp:1.96 lvl:1.70) — Performing for people or dealing directly with the public. This includes serving
  Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Materials (imp:1.56 lvl:1.04) — Inspecting equipment, structures, or materials to identify the cause of errors o
  Performing General Physical Activities (imp:1.38 lvl:0.52) — Performing general physical activities includes doing activities that require co
  Controlling Machines and Processes (imp:1.36 lvl:0.68) — Using either control mechanisms or direct physical activity to operate machines 
  Handling and Moving Objects (imp:1.32 lvl:0.76) — Using hands and arms in handling, installing, positioning, and moving materials,
  Operating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or Equipment (imp:1.17 lvl:0.29) — Running, maneuvering, navigating, or driving vehicles or mechanized equipment, s
  Drafting, Laying Out, and Specifying Technical Devices, Parts, and Equipment (imp:1.16 lvl:0.32) — Providing documentation, detailed instructions, drawings, or specifications to t
  Repairing and Maintaining Electronic Equipment (imp:1.12 lvl:0.24) — Servicing, repairing, calibrating, regulating, fine-tuning, or testing machines,
  Repairing and Maintaining Mechanical Equipment (imp:1.00) — Servicing, repairing, adjusting, and testing machines, devices, moving parts, an

--- WORK STYLES ---
  Dependability (imp:7.00) — A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related o
  Attention to Detail (imp:6.00) — A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
  Integrity (imp:5.00) — A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
  Cautiousness (imp:4.00) — A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related
  Intellectual Curiosity (imp:3.00) — A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep 
  Attention to Detail (imp:3.00) — A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
  Dependability (imp:2.93) — A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related o
  Integrity (imp:2.93) — A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
  Cautiousness (imp:2.62) — A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related
  Leadership Orientation (imp:2.58) — A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
  Achievement Orientation (imp:2.28) — A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, 
  Intellectual Curiosity (imp:2.08) — A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep 
  Achievement Orientation (imp:2.00) — A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, 
  Self-Confidence (imp:1.87) — A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control 
  Initiative (imp:1.82) — A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may
  Perseverance (imp:1.77) — A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in 
  Self-Control (imp:1.70) — A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in res
  Stress Tolerance (imp:1.61) — A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
  Cooperation (imp:1.28) — A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
  Adaptability (imp:1.26) — A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas 
  Tolerance for Ambiguity (imp:1.24) — A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
  Social Orientation (imp:1.18) — A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
  Leadership Orientation (imp:1.00) — A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
  Sincerity (imp:0.98) — A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, withou
  Innovation (imp:0.97) — A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on 
  Empathy (imp:0.34) — A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feel
  Optimism (imp:0.28) — A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even un
  Innovation () — A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on 
  Tolerance for Ambiguity () — A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
  Initiative () — A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may
  Adaptability () — A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas 
  Self-Confidence () — A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control 
  Perseverance () — A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in 
  Humility () — A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
  Humility () — A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
  Sincerity () — A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, withou
  Empathy () — A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feel
  Cooperation () — A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
  Optimism () — A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even un
  Social Orientation () — A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
  Stress Tolerance () — A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
  Self-Control () — A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in res

--- TRANSFERABLE SKILLS ---
  Complex Problem Solving (imp:4.12 lvl:4.38) — Identifying complex problems and reviewing related information to develop and ev
  Judgment and Decision Making (imp:4.12 lvl:4.62) — Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential actions to choose the m
  Management of Financial Resources (imp:4.00 lvl:5.00) — Determining how money will be spent to get the work done, and accounting for the
  Systems Evaluation (imp:3.62 lvl:4.25) — Identifying measures or indicators of system performance and the actions needed 
  Coordination (imp:3.38 lvl:3.62) — Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions.
  Time Management (imp:3.38 lvl:4.00) — Managing one's own time and the time of others.
  Systems Analysis (imp:3.25 lvl:4.25) — Determining how a system should work and how changes in conditions, operations, 
  Social Perceptiveness (imp:3.12 lvl:3.62) — Being aware of others' reactions and understanding why they react as they do.
  Negotiation (imp:3.12 lvl:3.12) — Bringing others together and trying to reconcile differences.
  Management of Personnel Resources (imp:3.12 lvl:3.75) — Motivating, developing, and directing people as they work, identifying the best 
  Persuasion (imp:3.00 lvl:3.75) — Persuading others to change their minds or behavior.
  Instructing (imp:2.88 lvl:3.12) — Teaching others how to do something.
  Service Orientation (imp:2.75 lvl:2.75) — Actively looking for ways to help people.
  Management of Material Resources (imp:2.75 lvl:3.00) — Obtaining and seeing to the appropriate use of equipment, facilities, and materi
  Operations Analysis (imp:2.62 lvl:3.12) — Analyzing needs and product requirements to create a design.
  Operations Monitoring (imp:1.88 lvl:1.12) — Watching gauges, dials, or other indicators to make sure a machine is working pr
  Quality Control Analysis (imp:1.88 lvl:1.38) — Conducting tests and inspections of products, services, or processes to evaluate
  Technology Design (imp:1.62 lvl:0.62) — Generating or adapting equipment and technology to serve user needs.
  Programming (imp:1.62 lvl:1.00) — Writing computer programs for various purposes.
  Operation and Control (imp:1.12 lvl:0.12) — Controlling operations of equipment or systems.
  Equipment Selection (imp:1.00) — Determining the kind of tools and equipment needed to do a job.
  Installation (imp:1.00) — Installing equipment, machines, wiring, or programs to meet specifications.
  Equipment Maintenance (imp:1.00) — Performing routine maintenance on equipment and determining when and what kind o
  Troubleshooting (imp:1.00) — Determining causes of operating errors and deciding what to do about it.
  Repairing (imp:1.00) — Repairing machines or systems using the needed tools.

--- NATIONAL WAGES ---
  total_employment : 841,710
  annual_median    : $166,570
  annual_pct10     : $94,310
  annual_pct25     : $125,490
  annual_pct75     : $219,980
  annual_pct90     : $323,270
  annual_mean      : $186,910
  hourly_median    : $80.08

--- GEOGRAPHIC DISPERSION ---
  highest_state    : New York ($219,880)
  lowest_state     : Guam ($80,390)
  dispersion_ratio : 2.735x

--- TOP STATES BY WAGE (54 total) ---
  Finance and Insurance                    emp:  267,070  median: $ 169,980
  Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services emp:  122,870  median: $ 174,170
  Management of Companies and Enterprises  emp:   94,170  median: $ 172,340
  Federal, State, and Local Government, excluding State and Local Government Schools and Hospitals and the U.S. Postal Service (OEWS Designation) emp:   51,230  median: $ 139,840
  Manufacturing                            emp:   46,980  median: $ 164,400
  Health Care and Social Assistance        emp:   34,870  median: $ 141,970
  Wholesale Trade                          emp:   34,070  median: $ 165,730
  Educational Services                     emp:   30,890  median: $ 134,410
  Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services emp:   29,950  median: $ 166,290
  Information                              emp:   23,580  median: $ 205,070

--- TOP INDUSTRIES BY EMPLOYMENT (20 total) ---
  Finance and Insurance                    emp:  267,070  median: $ 169,980
  Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services emp:  122,870  median: $ 174,170
  Management of Companies and Enterprises  emp:   94,170  median: $ 172,340
  Federal, State, and Local Government, excluding State and Local Government Schools and Hospitals and the U.S. Postal Service (OEWS Designation) emp:   51,230  median: $ 139,840
  Manufacturing                            emp:   46,980  median: $ 164,400
  Health Care and Social Assistance        emp:   34,870  median: $ 141,970
  Wholesale Trade                          emp:   34,070  median: $ 165,730
  Educational Services                     emp:   30,890  median: $ 134,410
  Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services emp:   29,950  median: $ 166,290
  Information                              emp:   23,580  median: $ 205,070

exact_match_status : no_exact_match
matched_title      : N/A
match_score        : 0.0000
wikidata_qid       : N/A
word_count         : 0
wikipedia_url      : N/A
license            : CC BY-SA 4.0
fetched_at         : 2026-06-02T19:56:18.556267Z

--- SEMANTIC NEIGHBORS (5) ---

  Title: Treasurer (similarity: 0.5143)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treasurer
  QID: Q388338
  Extract: A treasurer is a person responsible for the financial operations of a government, business, or other organization.

  Title: Controller of Treasurer Accounts (similarity: 0.3793)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Controller_of_Treasurer_Accounts
  QID: Q30643676
  Extract: The Controller of Treasurer Accounts also called Comptroller of Treasurer Accounts was the civilian officer in the Royal Navy who was a principal member of the Navy Board initially from 1667 to 1679 and then again from 1691 until 1796, he was responsible for inspecting the accounts of the money rece

  Title: Government of Nevada (similarity: 0.3043)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_of_Nevada
  QID: Q5589268
  Extract: The government of Nevada comprises three branches of government: the executive branch consisting of the governor of Nevada and the governor's cabinet along with the other elected constitutional officers; the legislative branch consisting of the Nevada Legislature which includes the Assembly and the 

  Title: Phil Angelides (similarity: 0.3000)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phil_Angelides
  QID: Q7181659
  Extract: Phillip Nicholas Angelides AN-jə-LEE-dis; born June 12, 1953) is an American politician and real estate developer who served as the California state treasurer from 1999 to 2007. A member of the Democratic Party, Angelides was the party's nominee for governor of California in 2006. Angelides served a

  Title: California State Controller (similarity: 0.4906)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_State_Controller
  QID: Q5021015
  Extract: The state controller of California is a constitutional office in the executive branch of the government of the U.S. state of California. Thirty-three individuals have held the office of state controller since statehood. The incumbent is Malia Cohen, a Democrat. The state controller's main office is 

model_pass1          : claude-sonnet-4-20250514
model_pass2          : claude-haiku-4-5-20251001
inference_confidence : high
confidence_notes     : Strong confidence supported by comprehensive O*NET data, robust BLS wage statistics, and clear skill/knowledge profiles that distinguish this role from adjacent financial positions.
inferred_at          : 2026-06-03T12:18:14.504381+00:00
tokens_input         : 4,461
tokens_output        : 3,901
cost_usd             : $0.041923
wikipedia_used       : False
wikipedia_title      : None
wikipedia_note       : No exact Wikipedia match found, with 'Treasurer' being the closest semantic neighbor at 0.514 similarity. The Treasury management article would provide relevant context for understanding organizational financial stewardship responsibilities.

--- PROSE FIELDS ---

ROLE SUMMARY:
Treasurers and Controllers are senior financial executives who direct an organization's financial activities, including planning, procurement, and investments. They oversee cash flow management, financial reporting, and regulatory compliance while developing internal controls and policies. These professionals serve as strategic financial leaders who ensure organizational financial health and facilitate business operations.

DAY IN THE LIFE:
A typical day involves evaluating funding needs and investment opportunities, making strategic financial recommendations to executive leadership. They monitor cash flow and reserve levels to ensure regulatory compliance, while coordinating with banking and insurance partners to facilitate financial activities. Much of their time is spent analyzing financial data, preparing or directing preparation of financial statements and forecasts, and making critical decisions about disbursements and budget allocation. They also evaluate the performance of accounting staff and develop internal control policies for budget administration and credit management.

WHO THRIVES:
Successful treasurers and controllers possess exceptional dependability and attention to detail, as evidenced by the highest work style ratings in these areas. They excel at inductive and deductive reasoning, enabling them to analyze complex financial data and identify patterns or problems that require attention. Strong verbal and written communication skills are essential, as they must explain financial concepts to diverse stakeholders and maintain relationships with external financial partners. These professionals combine high conventional and enterprising traits, enjoying structured financial processes while also taking initiative in strategic decision-making and business development.

CAREER ENTRY:
Most treasurers and controllers hold bachelor's degrees (56%) with many advancing to master's degrees (32%), typically in accounting, finance, or business administration. Entry typically requires several years of progressive experience in accounting, financial analysis, or related financial roles within organizations. Job Zone 4 designation indicates considerable preparation is needed, often including professional certifications like CPA, CMA, or similar credentials that demonstrate advanced financial competency.

CAREER TRAJECTORY:
This role represents a senior-level position that can lead to Chief Financial Officer (CFO) roles, Chief Executive positions, or specialized executive roles in investment management. Many professionals advance to broader general management positions or move into consulting roles as management analysts. The strong foundation in financial management and strategic planning also opens pathways to board positions or entrepreneurial ventures in financial services.

MARKET INTELLIGENCE:
The profession employs 841,710 workers with a robust median salary of $166,570 annually, ranging from $94,310 to $323,270 based on BLS OEWS May 2025 data. Geographic variation is significant, with New York offering the highest wages at $219,880 compared to Guam's $80,390, representing a 2.73x ratio. Employment is concentrated in Finance and Insurance (267,070 positions), Professional Services (122,870), and Management of Companies (94,170), indicating strong demand across multiple sectors. The substantial employment base and competitive compensation reflect the critical nature of financial leadership in organizations.

AUTOMATION OUTLOOK:
The role shows moderate resilience to automation due to its emphasis on high-level decision-making, relationship management, and strategic thinking. While routine data processing and basic financial calculations may be automated, core activities like evaluating investment opportunities, developing financial policies, and maintaining stakeholder relationships require human judgment and interpersonal skills that remain difficult to automate.

--- REASONED EDGES ---
  [skill_overlap] Financial Managers (11-3031.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both roles share identical top knowledge requirements in Economics and Accounting (4.6 importance) and Administration and Management (4.0 importance).
    data: Economics and Accounting knowledge
    data: Administration and Management knowledge
    data: Financial resource management skills
  [knowledge_overlap] Accountants and Auditors (13-2011.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Shared core knowledge in Economics and Accounting with similar importance ratings and overlapping work activities in financial analysis and reporting.
    data: Economics and Accounting knowledge
    data: Financial reporting tasks
    data: Analyzing Data or Information work activity
  [task_similarity] Budget Analysts (13-2031.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both roles involve budget administration, financial planning activities, and preparing financial forecasts as core job functions.
    data: Budget administration tasks
    data: Financial planning coordination
    data: Preparing financial forecasts
  [career_pathway] Chief Executives (11-1011.00) — confidence:medium
    reasoning: Treasurers and Controllers frequently advance to executive roles given their strategic financial oversight and decision-making responsibilities.
    data: Job Zone 4 preparation level
    data: Strategic decision-making activities
    data: Management and coordination skills
  [transferable_skill] Management Analysts (13-1111.00) — confidence:medium
    reasoning: Both roles require complex problem solving (4.1 importance) and systems evaluation (3.6 importance) for organizational improvement.
    data: Complex Problem Solving skill
    data: Systems Evaluation skill
    data: Organizational policy development

--- NORMALIZER SIGNALS ---
  match_keywords   : ['treasurer', 'controller', 'comptroller', 'financial controller', 'corporate treasurer', 'city treasurer', 'financial officer', 'financial management']
  exclude_keywords : ['analyst', 'advisor', 'examiner', 'assistant', 'clerk']
  title_patterns   : ['*controller', '*treasurer', '*comptroller', 'financial controller', 'corporate treasurer']
  common_variations: ['controller', 'comptroller', 'treasurer', 'financial controller', 'corporate controller', 'city controller', 'financial treasurer', 'chief financial officer']

total_terms    : 40
top_words      : ['financial', 'tendency', 'others', 'equipment', 'management', 'activities', 'control', 'principles', 'procedures', 'includes', 'accounting', 'policies', 'operations', 'objects', 'needs', 'actions', 'resources', 'ideas', 'business', 'performance']
source_layers  : onet_tasks | onet_dimensions | dwas | wikipedia | inference

TERM                    COUNT     FREQ  DOMINANT SOURCE      SOURCE BREAKDOWN
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
financial                  52  0.01872  inference            inference:44%  onet_tasks:27%  dwas:17%
tendency                   42  0.01512  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
others                     41  0.01476  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:93%  dwas:7%
equipment                  23  0.00828  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
management                 20  0.00720  inference            inference:45%  onet_dimensions:35%  onet_tasks:20%
activities                 18  0.00648  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:50%  onet_tasks:22%  inference:17%
control                    16  0.00576  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:75%  onet_tasks:12%  dwas:6%
principles                 16  0.00576  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
procedures                 13  0.00468  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:62%  onet_tasks:31%  dwas:8%
includes                   13  0.00468  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:92%  wikipedia:8%
accounting                 12  0.00432  onet_tasks           onet_tasks:50%  onet_dimensions:25%  inference:25%
policies                   12  0.00432  onet_tasks           onet_tasks:50%  inference:25%  dwas:17%
operations                 12  0.00432  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:50%  dwas:25%  onet_tasks:8%
objects                    12  0.00432  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
needs                      11  0.00396  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:73%  onet_tasks:9%  dwas:9%
actions                    11  0.00396  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:73%  onet_tasks:27%
resources                  11  0.00396  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:82%  onet_tasks:9%  dwas:9%
ideas                      11  0.00396  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
business                   10  0.00360  dwas                 dwas:40%  inference:30%  onet_tasks:10%
performance                10  0.00360  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:70%  onet_tasks:10%  dwas:10%
problems                   10  0.00360  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:90%  inference:10%
techniques                 10  0.00360  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
materials                  10  0.00360  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
body                       10  0.00360  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
developing                 10  0.00360  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:80%  inference:20%
needed                      9  0.00324  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:78%  onet_tasks:11%  inference:11%
monitoring                  9  0.00324  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:89%  onet_tasks:11%
standards                   9  0.00324  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:89%  onet_tasks:11%
performing                  9  0.00324  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:89%  onet_tasks:11%
services                    9  0.00324  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:67%  inference:22%  dwas:11%
quickly                     9  0.00324  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
orientation                 9  0.00324  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
organizational              8  0.00288  dwas                 dwas:38%  onet_tasks:25%  inference:25%
programs                    8  0.00288  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:50%  dwas:38%  onet_tasks:12%
attention                   8  0.00288  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:75%  inference:25%
rules                       8  0.00288  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
human                       8  0.00288  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:88%  inference:12%
production                  8  0.00288  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
events                      8  0.00288  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
identifying                 8  0.00288  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%