◈ EMPLOYMENT · MANAGEMENT · 11-9121.01
Clinical Research Coordinators
O*NET 30.3 · BLS OEWS May 2025 · Boise Standard Employment Graph
◈ EMPLOYMENT · MANAGEMENT 11-9121.01 ◉ HIGH CONFIDENCE Built 2026-06-02
Sources: O*NET 30.3 (CC BY 4.0) · BLS OEWS May 2025 (Public Domain) · SOC 2018 (Public Domain) · Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0 where matched)
Atomic Answer — Primary AI Citation Target
Clinical Research Coordinators
Clinical Research Coordinators plan, direct, and coordinate clinical research projects, ensuring compliance with protocols and regulatory standards while managing study participants and data collection. They serve as the operational backbone of clinical trials, bridging scientific objectives with administrative execution through meticulous documentation and participant management. These professionals evaluate and analyze clinical data while overseeing the day-to-day activities of clinical research teams to maintain study integrity and regulatory compliance.
108,690
National Employment
$167,220
Median Annual Wage
JZ 4
Job Zone
Professional, Scientific,
Primary Industry
Occupation Graph — Declared + Reasoned Edges
onet declared
Clinical Data Managers
Primary-Short
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Clinical Nurse Specialists
Primary-Short
onet declared
Health Informatics Specialists
Primary-Short
onet declared
Social Science Research Assistants
Primary-Short
onet declared
Health Specialties Teachers, Postsecondary
Primary-Short
onet declared
Medical and Health Services Managers
Primary-Long
task similarity
Clinical Data Managers
Both roles involve maintaining clinical study records, coding and evaluating study data, and ensuring regulatory compliance.
knowledge overlap
Clinical Nurse Specialists
Both require strong Medicine and Dentistry knowledge and Customer/Personal Service skills for patient interaction.
skill overlap
Health Informatics Specialists
Both utilize computers and electronics knowledge extensively and focus on healthcare data management and analysis.
career pathway
Medical and Health Services Managers
Clinical Research Coordinators commonly advance to management roles overseeing clinical programs and research operations.
§ Feeder Roles
Medical and Clinical Laboratory Technologists
Social Science Research Assistants
Health Informatics Specialists
§ Destinations
Clinical Data Managers
Medical and Health Services Managers
Natural Sciences Managers
§ RIASEC Peers
Clinical Data Managers
Health Informatics Specialists
Biostatisticians
Role Intelligence — Day in the Life · Who Thrives · Automation
Day in the Life

A Clinical Research Coordinator begins their day reviewing study protocols and scheduling patient appointments for procedures or inpatient stays according to research timelines. They conduct eligibility assessments through screening interviews and medical record reviews, then perform protocol-specific procedures like taking vital signs, conducting electrocardiograms, and interviewing study subjects. Throughout the day, they maintain detailed case report forms, drug dispensation records, and regulatory documentation while monitoring compliance with local, federal, and state requirements. They spend considerable time communicating with patients and caregivers about study expectations, tracking enrollment status, and documenting any dropout information or protocol deviations. Their work involves coding and interpreting collected study data, identifying protocol problems, and coordinating with investigators to resolve issues that arise during the research process.

Who Thrives

Individuals who excel as Clinical Research Coordinators demonstrate exceptional dependability and attention to detail, as evidenced by the highest importance ratings (9.0 and 8.0 respectively) for these work styles. They possess strong investigative tendencies (RIASEC I:5.90) combined with conventional organizational skills (C:4.81), enabling them to systematically approach complex research protocols while maintaining meticulous records. These professionals thrive on intellectual curiosity and cautiousness, balancing scientific rigor with participant safety concerns. The role suits those with excellent written and oral communication abilities (importance 4.0 each) who can effectively bridge technical research concepts with patient care, while managing multiple concurrent studies with precision and integrity.

Automation Outlook

Clinical Research Coordinators face moderate automation risk in data entry and basic documentation tasks, as Electronic Data Capture (EDC) systems and clinical trial management systems increasingly automate routine record-keeping functions. However, the core responsibilities requiring human judgment remain secure, including participant assessment, protocol interpretation, regulatory compliance monitoring, and the complex interpersonal communications essential to informed consent and patient care. The emphasis on critical thinking, problem sensitivity, and social perceptiveness in managing study participants and resolving protocol issues represents distinctly human capabilities that complement rather than compete with technological advances in clinical research infrastructure.

Market Intelligence — BLS OEWS May 2025
Clinical Research Coordinators command strong compensation with a median annual salary of $167,220 according to BLS OEWS May 2025 data, reflecting the specialized knowledge and regulatory responsibility inherent in the role. The profession employs 108,690 individuals nationwide with significant geographic variation, ranging from $267,290 in Massachusetts to $107,810 in Hawaii (2.48x ratio), indicating higher compensation in biotech and pharmaceutical hubs. The largest employment concentration is in Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services (52,240 employed), followed by government positions (19,320 employed) and manufacturing (9,270 employed). Job Zone 4 classification indicates considerable preparation needed, reflecting the critical role these professionals play in ensuring clinical trial integrity and participant safety. The field benefits from robust demand driven by pharmaceutical development pipelines and increased emphasis on evidence-based medicine.
$79,710
10th
$119,430
25th
$167,220
Median
$221,540
75th
$316,850
90th
Highest Paying State
Massachusetts
$267,290 median
Geographic Dispersion
2.479x
highest / lowest median
Professional, Scientific, and Technical Servi 52,240 emp $202,000
Federal, State, and Local Government, excludi 19,320 emp $133,470
Manufacturing 9,270 emp $185,110
Health Care and Social Assistance 7,740 emp $99,980
Educational Services 5,890 emp $82,060
Source: BLS Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics May 2025 ↗ · Public Domain · US Government
Skills + Knowledge — O*NET 30.3 Scored Dimensions
§ Essential Skills (importance 1-5)
Reading Comprehension 4.0
Active Listening 4.0
Writing 4.0
Speaking 3.9
Critical Thinking 3.8
Monitoring 3.6
Active Learning 3.4
Learning Strategies 3.1
Science 3.0
Mathematics 2.9
§ Knowledge Domains (importance 1-5)
Customer and Personal Service 4.3
English Language 3.8
Administrative 3.7
Medicine and Dentistry 3.2
Administration and Management 3.0
Biology 3.0
Computers and Electronics 2.9
Mathematics 2.9
Education and Training 2.7
Public Safety and Security 2.7
Source: O*NET 30.3 Database ↗ · CC BY 4.0
RIASEC Interest Profile + Personality Fit — O*NET 30.3
R
Realistic
1.58
I
Investigative
5.90
TOP FIT
A
Artistic
1.76
S
Social
3.58
E
Enterprising
4.31
TOP FIT
C
Conventional
4.81
TOP FIT
§ Who Thrives
Individuals who excel as Clinical Research Coordinators demonstrate exceptional dependability and attention to detail, as evidenced by the highest importance ratings (9.0 and 8.0 respectively) for these work styles. They possess strong investigative tendencies (RIASEC I:5.90) combined with conventional organizational skills (C:4.81), enabling them to systematically approach complex research protocols while maintaining meticulous records. These professionals thrive on intellectual curiosity and cautiousness, balancing scientific rigor with participant safety concerns. The role suits those with excellent written and oral communication abilities (importance 4.0 each) who can effectively bridge technical research concepts with patient care, while managing multiple concurrent studies with precision and integrity.
Source: O*NET 30.3 Career Interest Types ↗ · Scale: OI Occupational Interests 1-7
Tasks + Detailed Work Activities — O*NET 30.3
Schedule subjects for appointments, procedures, or inpatient stays as required by study protocols.
Core 53% of incumbents
Schedule activities or facility use.
Perform specific protocol procedures such as interviewing subjects, taking vital signs, and performing electrocardiograms.
Core 53% of incumbents
Interview employees, customers, or other
Assess eligibility of potential subjects through methods such as screening interviews, reviews of medical records, or discussions with physicians and nurses.
Core 53% of incumbents
Interview employees, customers, or other
Inform patients or caregivers about study aspects and outcomes to be expected.
Core 53% of incumbents
Communicate organizational information t
Monitor study activities to ensure compliance with protocols and with all relevant local, federal, and state regulatory and institutional polices.
Core 53% of incumbents
Monitor organizational compliance with r
Oversee subject enrollment to ensure that informed consent is properly obtained and documented.
Core 53% of incumbents
Monitor activities of individuals to ens
Maintain required records of study activity including case report forms, drug dispensation records, or regulatory forms.
Core 53% of incumbents
Maintain regulatory or compliance docume
Identify protocol problems, inform investigators of problems, or assist in problem resolution efforts, such as protocol revisions.
Core 53% of incumbents
Analyze data to identify or resolve oper
Track enrollment status of subjects and document dropout information such as dropout causes and subject contact efforts.
Core 53% of incumbents
Maintain operational records.
Code, evaluate, or interpret collected study data.
Core 53% of incumbents
Interpret research or operational data.Code data or other information.
Source: O*NET 30.3 Task Statements + DWA Mappings ↗ · Incumbent-reported · CC BY 4.0
◈ Software Tools — O*NET 30.3 · Hot Technology + In Demand Flagged
5AM Glassbox Translational Research
Data base user interface and query softw
Budgeting software
Accounting software
ClearTrial
Data base user interface and query softw
Clinical data management system CDMS
Data base user interface and query softw
Clinical trial management software
Data base user interface and query softw
IN DEMAND
Drug coding software
Categorization or classification softwar
DZS Software Solutions ClinPlus
Data base user interface and query softw
Electronic data capture EDC software
Analytical or scientific software
ePharmaSolutions eMVR
Data base user interface and query softw
FileMaker Pro
Data base user interface and query softw
Google Meet
Video conferencing software
IBM SPSS Statistics
Analytical or scientific software
HOT
InferMed MACRO Electronic Data Capture
Analytical or scientific software
InforSense InforSense
Data base user interface and query softw
Invivo Data EPX ePRO Management System
Data base user interface and query softw
KIKA Veracity
Data base user interface and query softw
Microsoft Access
Data base user interface and query softw
HOT
Microsoft Excel
Spreadsheet software
HOTIN DEMAND
Source: O*NET 30.3 Software Skills ↗ · CC BY 4.0
Career Pathway — Entry · Trajectory · Education
1
Entry
2
Some Prep
3
Medium
4
Considerable
5
Extensive
A considerable amount of work-related skill, knowledge, or experience is needed for these occupations. For example, an accountant must complete four years of college and work for several years in acco
Entry into this field typically requires a bachelor's degree (60.1% of practitioners), with many positions accepting candidates from diverse educational backgrounds including life sciences, nursing, or health administration. Post-secondary certificates in clinical research or related healthcare fields provide an alternative pathway (11.6% of professionals), particularly for those transitioning from other healthcare roles. Prior experience in healthcare settings, research environments, or regulatory compliance provides valuable foundation knowledge, though many employers offer on-the-job training in specific protocols and Good Clinical Practice (GCP) standards. Professional certification through organizations like the Association of Clinical Research Professionals can enhance career prospects and demonstrate competency in clinical research principles.
Clinical Research Coordinators often advance to senior coordinator positions, Clinical Research Managers, or Clinical Program Directors within pharmaceutical companies, contract research organizations, or academic medical centers. The comprehensive skill set in regulatory compliance, data management, and project coordination opens pathways to specialized roles such as Clinical Data Managers or Health Informatics Specialists. Many professionals leverage their experience to transition into clinical affairs, regulatory affairs, or research and development leadership positions, with some pursuing advanced degrees to become Medical Scientists or moving into consulting roles within the growing clinical research industry.
Bachelor's Degree 60.1%
Post-Secondary Certificate - awarded for trai 11.6%
Some College Courses 9.2%
High School Diploma - or the equivalent (for 7.0%
Associate's Degree (or other 2-year degree) 5.9%
Master's Degree 4.8%
Source: O*NET 30.3 Education + Job Zones ↗ · CC BY 4.0
Live Job Feed — Active Postings
Live Clinical Research Coordinators job postings populate here as the crawler feeds data. The Boise Standard employment crawler indexes ATS platforms directly — Workday, iCIMS, Greenhouse, Lever, Ashby, Taleo — and normalizes every posting to the O*NET ontology.

Postings appear within hours of going live on the source ATS. No aggregator lag. Direct from source.
Browse Management Feed → Submit Open Position →
◈ SEMANTIC MANIFOLD — MULTI-SOURCE WORD FREQUENCY FINGERPRINT
Top 40 terms across five provenance layers: O*NET Tasks · O*NET Dimensions · DWAs · Wikipedia · Inference · Stop words removed · Deterministic · Constitutional Law III
clinical research others tendency study equipment subject subjects procedures activities human crc trial medical principles protocol regulatory consent compliance informed
§ Full Frequency Ranking — 40 terms
TERM COUNT FREQ BAR SOURCE ATTRIBUTION
clinical 68 0.0175
wikipedia 60% inference 37%
research 62 0.0159
wikipedia 55% inference 35%
others 42 0.0108
onet dimensi 90% dwas 7%
tendency 42 0.0108
onet dimensi 100%
study 36 0.0092
wikipedia 42% onet tasks 39%
equipment 30 0.0077
onet dimensi 77% onet tasks 10%
subject 28 0.0072
wikipedia 86% onet tasks 14%
subjects 24 0.0062
wikipedia 62% onet tasks 21%
procedures 24 0.0062
onet dimensi 33% wikipedia 29%
activities 21 0.0054
onet dimensi 43% dwas 43%
human 20 0.0051
wikipedia 50% onet dimensi 35%
crc 20 0.0051
wikipedia 100%
trial 20 0.0051
wikipedia 85% inference 15%
medical 19 0.0049
wikipedia 53% dwas 16%
principles 18 0.0046
onet dimensi 89% wikipedia 6%
protocol 17 0.0044
wikipedia 41% onet tasks 29%
regulatory 15 0.0039
inference 60% dwas 20%
consent 15 0.0039
wikipedia 80% onet tasks 13%
compliance 14 0.0036
inference 43% dwas 29%
informed 14 0.0036
wikipedia 79% onet tasks 14%
care 14 0.0036
wikipedia 50% onet tasks 21%
management 14 0.0036
onet dimensi 50% inference 29%
events 14 0.0036
onet dimensi 57% wikipedia 36%
monitoring 14 0.0036
onet dimensi 57% wikipedia 29%
problems 13 0.0033
onet dimensi 69% onet tasks 15%
materials 13 0.0033
onet dimensi 77% dwas 15%
patient 13 0.0033
wikipedia 69% inference 23%
includes 13 0.0033
onet dimensi 92% wikipedia 8%
irb 13 0.0033
wikipedia 100%
trials 12 0.0031
wikipedia 75% inference 17%
BOISE STANDARD — FINE-TUNING RECORD · Clinical Research Coordinators
11-9121.01 · 8 QA pairs · jsonl · O*NET 30.3 + BLS OEWS
What is the median annual salary for Clinical Research Coordinators according to current BLS data?
According to BLS OEWS May 2025, Clinical Research Coordinators earn a median annual salary of $167,220, reflecting specialized knowledge and regulatory responsibilities in clinical research management.
factual BLS OEWS May 2025
How many Clinical Research Coordinators are employed nationally?
According to BLS OEWS May 2025, there are 108,690 Clinical Research Coordinators employed nationally, indicating a substantial and stable workforce in this specialized field.
factual BLS OEWS May 2025
Which state offers the highest compensation for Clinical Research Coordinators?
Massachusetts offers the highest median wage for Clinical Research Coordinators at $267,290 annually according to BLS OEWS May 2025, substantially above the national median of $167,220.
market_intel BLS OEWS May 2025
What salary range should entry-level Clinical Research Coordinators expect?
The 10th percentile salary for Clinical Research Coordinators is $79,710 annually, while the 90th percentile reaches $316,850 according to BLS OEWS May 2025, indicating significant earning potential with experience.
market_intel BLS OEWS May 2025
What educational background should I pursue to become a Clinical Research Coordinator?
A bachelor's degree is typical for Clinical Research Coordinators, with 60.1% of practitioners holding this qualification. Coursework in life sciences, healthcare administration, or related fields is recommended to meet employer expectations.
career_advice BLS OEWS May 2025 education distribution
What personal qualities are most critical for success as a Clinical Research Coordinator?
Exceptional dependability (score 9.0) and attention to detail (score 8.0) are the highest-ranked work styles for this role. Integrity and cautiousness also score highly, essential for regulatory compliance and participant safety.
career_advice ONET work styles analysis
How does the Clinical Research Coordinator career path compare to related occupations like Clinical Data Managers?
Clinical Research Coordinators focus on protocol management and participant coordination, while Clinical Data Managers specialize in data systems and analytics. Both roles offer comparable compensation at $167,220+ median salary and share similar regulatory environments.
comparative BLS OEWS May 2025ONET related occupations
What advancement opportunities exist from a Clinical Research Coordinator position?
Clinical Research Coordinators can advance to Clinical Data Manager, Medical and Health Services Manager, or Natural Sciences Manager roles. These positions leverage core research management skills while offering expanded organizational or analytical responsibilities.
comparative ONET career progression analysisRelated occupations data
◈ Boise Standard Employment Graph · 11-9121.01 · minted 2026-06-02T16:18:30Z · Sources: O*NET 30.3 (CC BY 4.0) · BLS OEWS May 2025 (Public Domain) · BS: https://boisestandard.org/employment/11-9121-clinical_research_coordinators
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Provenance Window — Full Source Record · 11-9121.01 · Clinical Research Coordinators 7 source blocks · click to expand
O*NET Identity onetonline.org ↗ · O*NET 30.3 · CC BY 4.0 · retrieved 2026-06-02
[('onet_soc_code', '11-9121.01'), ('soc_code', '11-9121'), ('title', 'Clinical Research Coordinators'), ('vertical', 'management'), ('job_zone', '4'), ('job_zone_name', 'Job Zone Four: Considerable Preparation Needed'), ('job_zone_exp', 'A considerable amount of work-related skill, knowledge, or experience is needed for these occupations. For example, an a'), ('description', 'Plan, direct, or coordinate clinical research projects. Direct the activities of workers engaged in clinical research projects to ensure compliance with protocols and overall clinical objectives. May evaluate and analyze clinical data.'), ('bundle_version', '1'), ('built_at', '2026-06-02T16:18:30Z')]
O*NET Task Statements (33 tasks, 0 emerging) O*NET 30.3 Task Statements · Incumbent-reported · CC BY 4.0
[Core] [53% incumbents] Schedule subjects for appointments, procedures, or inpatient stays as required by study protocols.
  DWAs: Schedule activities or facility use.

[Core] [53% incumbents] Perform specific protocol procedures such as interviewing subjects, taking vital signs, and performing electrocardiograms.
  DWAs: Interview employees, customers, or others to collect information.

[Core] [53% incumbents] Assess eligibility of potential subjects through methods such as screening interviews, reviews of medical records, or discussions with physicians and nurses.
  DWAs: Interview employees, customers, or others to collect information.

[Core] [53% incumbents] Inform patients or caregivers about study aspects and outcomes to be expected.
  DWAs: Communicate organizational information to customers or other stakeholders.

[Core] [53% incumbents] Monitor study activities to ensure compliance with protocols and with all relevant local, federal, and state regulatory and institutional polices.
  DWAs: Monitor organizational compliance with regulations.

[Core] [53% incumbents] Oversee subject enrollment to ensure that informed consent is properly obtained and documented.
  DWAs: Monitor activities of individuals to ensure safety or compliance with rules.

[Core] [53% incumbents] Maintain required records of study activity including case report forms, drug dispensation records, or regulatory forms.
  DWAs: Maintain regulatory or compliance documentation.

[Core] [53% incumbents] Identify protocol problems, inform investigators of problems, or assist in problem resolution efforts, such as protocol revisions.
  DWAs: Analyze data to identify or resolve operational problems.

[Core] [53% incumbents] Track enrollment status of subjects and document dropout information such as dropout causes and subject contact efforts.
  DWAs: Maintain operational records.

[Core] [53% incumbents] Code, evaluate, or interpret collected study data.
  DWAs: Interpret research or operational data. | Code data or other information.

[Core] [53% incumbents] Direct the requisition, collection, labeling, storage, or shipment of specimens.
  DWAs: Manage operations, research, or logistics projects.

[Core] [53% incumbents] Instruct research staff in scientific and procedural aspects of studies including standards of care, informed consent procedures, or documentation procedures.
  DWAs: Conduct employee training programs.

[Core] [53% incumbents] Order drugs or devices necessary for study completion.
  DWAs: Purchase materials, equipment, or other resources.

[Core] [53% incumbents] Contact outside health care providers and communicate with subjects to obtain follow-up information.
  DWAs: Interview employees, customers, or others to collect information. | Coordinate with external parties to exchange information.

[Core] [53% incumbents] Confer with health care professionals to determine the best recruitment practices for studies.
  DWAs: Confer with organizational members to accomplish work activities.

[Core] [53% incumbents] Communicate with laboratories or investigators regarding laboratory findings.
  DWAs: Confer with organizational members to accomplish work activities. | Coordinate with external parties to exchange information.

[Core] [53% incumbents] Organize space for study equipment and supplies.
  DWAs: Plan facility layouts or designs.

[Core] [53% incumbents] Develop advertising and other informational materials to be used in subject recruitment.
  DWAs: Develop promotional materials.

[Supplemental] [53% incumbents] Interpret protocols and advise treating physicians on appropriate dosage modifications or treatment calculations based on patient characteristics.
  DWAs: Advise customers on technical or procedural issues.

[Supplemental] [53% incumbents] Contact industry representatives to ensure equipment and software specifications necessary for successful study completion.
  DWAs: Coordinate operational activities with external stakeholders.

[Supplemental] [53% incumbents] Register protocol patients with appropriate statistical centers as required.
  DWAs: Perform clerical work in medical settings.

[Supplemental] [53% incumbents] Solicit industry-sponsored trials through contacts and professional organizations.
  DWAs: Promote products, services, or programs.

[Supplemental] [53% incumbents] Participate in preparation and management of research budgets and monetary disbursements.
  DWAs: Manage organizational or project budgets.

[Core] [52% incumbents] Prepare study-related documentation, such as protocol worksheets, procedural manuals, adverse event reports, institutional review board documents, or progress reports.
  DWAs: Prepare operational progress or status reports.

[Core] [52% incumbents] Record adverse event and side effect data and confer with investigators regarding the reporting of events to oversight agencies.
  DWAs: Maintain regulatory or compliance documentation. | Communicate with government agencies.

[Core] [52% incumbents] Review proposed study protocols to evaluate factors such as sample collection processes, data management plans, or potential subject risks.
  DWAs: Analyze risks to minimize losses or damages.

[Core] [52% incumbents] Collaborate with investigators to prepare presentations or reports of clinical study procedures, results, and conclusions.
  DWAs: Coordinate operational activities with external stakeholders.

[Core] [52% incumbents] Maintain contact with sponsors to schedule and coordinate site visits or to answer questions about issues such as incomplete data.
  DWAs: Coordinate operational activities with external stakeholders.

[Core] [52% incumbents] Prepare for or participate in quality assurance audits conducted by study sponsors, federal agencies, or specially designated review groups.
  DWAs: Conduct financial or regulatory audits.

[Core] [52% incumbents] Participate in the development of study protocols including guidelines for administration or data collection procedures.
  DWAs: Develop organizational methods or procedures.

[Core] [52% incumbents] Review scientific literature, participate in continuing education activities, or attend conferences and seminars to maintain current knowledge of clinical studies affairs and issues.
  DWAs: Maintain knowledge of current developments in area of expertise.

[Supplemental] [52% incumbents] Dispense medical devices or drugs, and calculate dosages and provide instructions as necessary.
  DWAs: Calculate numerical data for medical activities. | Prepare medications or medical solutions. | Instruct patients in the use of assistive equipment.

[Supplemental] [52% incumbents] Arrange for research study sites and determine staff or equipment availability.
  DWAs: Schedule activities or facility use.
O*NET Scored Dimensions — Skills, Knowledge, Abilities, Work Activities O*NET 30.3 · CC BY 4.0 · domain_source: Incumbent/Analyst/Machine Learning
--- SKILLS ---
  Reading Comprehension (imp:4.00 lvl:4.25) — Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work-related documents.
  Active Listening (imp:4.00 lvl:4.00) — Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand
  Writing (imp:4.00 lvl:4.00) — Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the audienc
  Speaking (imp:3.88 lvl:4.00) — Talking to others to convey information effectively.
  Critical Thinking (imp:3.75 lvl:4.00) — Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternativ
  Monitoring (imp:3.62 lvl:3.75) — Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or organization
  Active Learning (imp:3.38 lvl:4.00) — Understanding the implications of new information for both current and future pr
  Learning Strategies (imp:3.12 lvl:3.38) — Selecting and using training/instructional methods and procedures appropriate fo
  Science (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems.
  Mathematics (imp:2.88 lvl:3.00) — Using mathematics to solve problems.

--- KNOWLEDGE ---
  Customer and Personal Service (imp:4.27 lvl:4.85) — Knowledge of principles and processes for providing customer and personal servic
  English Language (imp:3.77 lvl:4.07) — Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the mea
  Administrative (imp:3.73 lvl:4.38) — Knowledge of administrative and office procedures and systems such as word proce
  Medicine and Dentistry (imp:3.24 lvl:3.07) — Knowledge of the information and techniques needed to diagnose and treat human i
  Administration and Management (imp:2.97 lvl:2.84) — Knowledge of business and management principles involved in strategic planning, 
  Biology (imp:2.96 lvl:3.15) — Knowledge of plant and animal organisms, their tissues, cells, functions, interd
  Computers and Electronics (imp:2.91 lvl:3.47) — Knowledge of circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and comput
  Mathematics (imp:2.87 lvl:3.07) — Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their appl
  Education and Training (imp:2.69 lvl:2.95) — Knowledge of principles and methods for curriculum and training design, teaching
  Public Safety and Security (imp:2.66 lvl:2.28) — Knowledge of relevant equipment, policies, procedures, and strategies to promote
  Personnel and Human Resources (imp:2.58 lvl:2.35) — Knowledge of principles and procedures for personnel recruitment, selection, tra
  Psychology (imp:2.58 lvl:2.95) — Knowledge of human behavior and performance; individual differences in ability, 
  Chemistry (imp:2.51 lvl:2.51) — Knowledge of the chemical composition, structure, and properties of substances a
  Law and Government (imp:2.44 lvl:2.14) — Knowledge of laws, legal codes, court procedures, precedents, government regulat
  Sociology and Anthropology (imp:2.32 lvl:2.26) — Knowledge of group behavior and dynamics, societal trends and influences, human 
  Communications and Media (imp:2.16 lvl:2.06) — Knowledge of media production, communication, and dissemination techniques and m
  Philosophy and Theology (imp:2.14 lvl:1.90) — Knowledge of different philosophical systems and religions. This includes their 
  Therapy and Counseling (imp:2.06 lvl:1.64) — Knowledge of principles, methods, and procedures for diagnosis, treatment, and r
  Sales and Marketing (imp:2.02 lvl:1.87) — Knowledge of principles and methods for showing, promoting, and selling products
  Transportation (imp:2.00 lvl:1.75) — Knowledge of principles and methods for moving people or goods by air, rail, sea
  Telecommunications (imp:1.87 lvl:0.84) — Knowledge of transmission, broadcasting, switching, control, and operation of te
  Engineering and Technology (imp:1.81 lvl:1.38) — Knowledge of the practical application of engineering science and technology. Th
  Production and Processing (imp:1.77 lvl:1.18) — Knowledge of raw materials, production processes, quality control, costs, and ot
  Physics (imp:1.69 lvl:1.25) — Knowledge and prediction of physical principles, laws, their interrelationships,
  Economics and Accounting (imp:1.63 lvl:1.14) — Knowledge of economic and accounting principles and practices, the financial mar
  Geography (imp:1.58 lvl:1.07) — Knowledge of principles and methods for describing the features of land, sea, an
  Design (imp:1.50 lvl:0.91) — Knowledge of design techniques, tools, and principles involved in production of 
  Mechanical (imp:1.42 lvl:0.79) — Knowledge of machines and tools, including their designs, uses, repair, and main
  History and Archeology (imp:1.37 lvl:0.56) — Knowledge of historical events and their causes, indicators, and effects on civi
  Foreign Language (imp:1.33 lvl:0.44) — Knowledge of the structure and content of a foreign (non-English) language inclu
  Fine Arts (imp:1.21) — Knowledge of the theory and techniques required to compose, produce, and perform
  Food Production (imp:1.07) — Knowledge of techniques and equipment for planting, growing, and harvesting food
  Building and Construction (imp:1.00) — Knowledge of materials, methods, and the tools involved in the construction or r

--- ABILITIES ---
  Oral Comprehension (imp:4.00 lvl:4.38) — The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through 
  Written Comprehension (imp:4.00 lvl:4.25) — The ability to read and understand information and ideas presented in writing.
  Oral Expression (imp:4.00 lvl:4.25) — The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will unde
  Written Expression (imp:4.00 lvl:4.00) — The ability to communicate information and ideas in writing so others will under
  Problem Sensitivity (imp:4.00 lvl:4.00) — The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does no
  Deductive Reasoning (imp:4.00 lvl:4.00) — The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that 
  Inductive Reasoning (imp:3.88 lvl:3.88) — The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusion
  Information Ordering (imp:3.88 lvl:4.00) — The ability to arrange things or actions in a certain order or pattern according
  Speech Recognition (imp:3.75 lvl:3.75) — The ability to identify and understand the speech of another person.
  Speech Clarity (imp:3.75 lvl:3.75) — The ability to speak clearly so others can understand you.
  Near Vision (imp:3.62 lvl:3.62) — The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the observer).
  Category Flexibility (imp:3.25 lvl:3.50) — The ability to generate or use different sets of rules for combining or grouping
  Fluency of Ideas (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to come up with a number of ideas about a topic (the number of ideas
  Mathematical Reasoning (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to choose the right mathematical methods or formulas to solve a prob
  Number Facility (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to add, subtract, multiply, or divide quickly and correctly.
  Flexibility of Closure (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to identify or detect a known pattern (a figure, object, word, or so
  Perceptual Speed (imp:3.00 lvl:2.88) — The ability to quickly and accurately compare similarities and differences among
  Far Vision (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to see details at a distance.
  Originality (imp:2.88 lvl:3.00) — The ability to come up with unusual or clever ideas about a given topic or situa
  Speed of Closure (imp:2.88 lvl:3.00) — The ability to quickly make sense of, combine, and organize information into mea
  Selective Attention (imp:2.88 lvl:2.88) — The ability to concentrate on a task over a period of time without being distrac
  Time Sharing (imp:2.88 lvl:2.88) — The ability to shift back and forth between two or more activities or sources of
  Memorization (imp:2.62 lvl:2.88) — The ability to remember information such as words, numbers, pictures, and proced
  Visualization (imp:2.62 lvl:2.88) — The ability to imagine how something will look after it is moved around or when 
  Visual Color Discrimination (imp:2.38 lvl:2.12) — The ability to match or detect differences between colors, including shades of c
  Auditory Attention (imp:2.38 lvl:1.88) — The ability to focus on a single source of sound in the presence of other distra
  Finger Dexterity (imp:2.00 lvl:1.75) — The ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the fingers of one or bot
  Hearing Sensitivity (imp:2.00 lvl:1.75) — The ability to detect or tell the differences between sounds that vary in pitch 
  Depth Perception (imp:1.75 lvl:0.75) — The ability to judge which of several objects is closer or farther away from you
  Trunk Strength (imp:1.62 lvl:1.12) — The ability to use your abdominal and lower back muscles to support part of the 
  Wrist-Finger Speed (imp:1.50 lvl:0.75) — The ability to make fast, simple, repeated movements of the fingers, hands, and 
  Dynamic Strength (imp:1.25 lvl:0.25) — The ability to exert muscle force repeatedly or continuously over time. This inv
  Spatial Orientation (imp:1.12 lvl:0.12) — The ability to know your location in relation to the environment or to know wher
  Extent Flexibility (imp:1.12 lvl:0.12) — The ability to bend, stretch, twist, or reach with your body, arms, and/or legs.
  Arm-Hand Steadiness (imp:1.00) — The ability to keep your hand and arm steady while moving your arm or while hold
  Manual Dexterity (imp:1.00) — The ability to quickly move your hand, your hand together with your arm, or your
  Control Precision (imp:1.00) — The ability to quickly and repeatedly adjust the controls of a machine or a vehi
  Multilimb Coordination (imp:1.00) — The ability to coordinate two or more limbs (for example, two arms, two legs, or
  Response Orientation (imp:1.00) — The ability to choose quickly between two or more movements in response to two o
  Rate Control (imp:1.00) — The ability to time your movements or the movement of a piece of equipment in an
  Reaction Time (imp:1.00) — The ability to quickly respond (with the hand, finger, or foot) to a signal (sou
  Speed of Limb Movement (imp:1.00) — The ability to quickly move the arms and legs.
  Static Strength (imp:1.00) — The ability to exert maximum muscle force to lift, push, pull, or carry objects.
  Explosive Strength (imp:1.00) — The ability to use short bursts of muscle force to propel oneself (as in jumping
  Stamina (imp:1.00) — The ability to exert yourself physically over long periods of time without getti
  Dynamic Flexibility (imp:1.00) — The ability to quickly and repeatedly bend, stretch, twist, or reach out with yo
  Gross Body Coordination (imp:1.00) — The ability to coordinate the movement of your arms, legs, and torso together wh
  Gross Body Equilibrium (imp:1.00) — The ability to keep or regain your body balance or stay upright when in an unsta
  Night Vision (imp:1.00) — The ability to see under low-light conditions.
  Peripheral Vision (imp:1.00) — The ability to see objects or movement of objects to one's side when the eyes ar
  Glare Sensitivity (imp:1.00) — The ability to see objects in the presence of a glare or bright lighting.
  Sound Localization (imp:1.00) — The ability to tell the direction from which a sound originated.

--- WORK ACTIVITIES ---
  Documenting/Recording Information (imp:4.53 lvl:4.52) — Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining information in writte
  Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work (imp:4.43 lvl:5.79) — Developing specific goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and accomplish your
  Getting Information (imp:4.39 lvl:4.80) — Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from all relevant sour
  Working with Computers (imp:4.39 lvl:3.83) — Using computers and computer systems (including hardware and software) to progra
  Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates (imp:4.13 lvl:4.67) — Providing information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone,
  Monitoring Processes, Materials, or Surroundings (imp:4.10 lvl:5.20) — Monitoring and reviewing information from materials, events, or the environment,
  Evaluating Information to Determine Compliance with Standards (imp:4.08 lvl:4.52) — Using relevant information and individual judgment to determine whether events o
  Scheduling Work and Activities (imp:4.01 lvl:4.22) — Scheduling events, programs, and activities, as well as the work of others.
  Performing Administrative Activities (imp:3.94 lvl:4.11) — Performing day-to-day administrative tasks such as maintaining information files
  Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships (imp:3.86 lvl:5.17) — Developing constructive and cooperative working relationships with others, and m
  Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events (imp:3.74 lvl:4.53) — Identifying information by categorizing, estimating, recognizing differences or 
  Making Decisions and Solving Problems (imp:3.70 lvl:4.36) — Analyzing information and evaluating results to choose the best solution and sol
  Training and Teaching Others (imp:3.54 lvl:3.58) — Identifying the educational needs of others, developing formal educational or tr
  Processing Information (imp:3.48 lvl:4.71) — Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, or verifying
  Assisting and Caring for Others (imp:3.48 lvl:4.05) — Providing personal assistance, medical attention, emotional support, or other pe
  Analyzing Data or Information (imp:3.45 lvl:4.28) — Identifying the underlying principles, reasons, or facts of information by break
  Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge (imp:3.41 lvl:4.13) — Keeping up-to-date technically and applying new knowledge to your job.
  Coordinating the Work and Activities of Others (imp:3.23 lvl:3.78) — Getting members of a group to work together to accomplish tasks.
  Performing for or Working Directly with the Public (imp:3.20 lvl:3.43) — Performing for people or dealing directly with the public. This includes serving
  Judging the Qualities of Objects, Services, or People (imp:3.18 lvl:3.51) — Assessing the value, importance, or quality of things or people.
  Thinking Creatively (imp:3.13 lvl:3.54) — Developing, designing, or creating new applications, ideas, relationships, syste
  Communicating with People Outside the Organization (imp:3.13 lvl:3.74) — Communicating with people outside the organization, representing the organizatio
  Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others (imp:3.12 lvl:2.66) — Translating or explaining what information means and how it can be used.
  Coaching and Developing Others (imp:3.00 lvl:3.39) — Identifying the developmental needs of others and coaching, mentoring, or otherw
  Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Materials (imp:2.98 lvl:3.39) — Inspecting equipment, structures, or materials to identify the cause of errors o
  Developing Objectives and Strategies (imp:2.87 lvl:2.86) — Establishing long-range objectives and specifying the strategies and actions to 
  Estimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or Information (imp:2.79 lvl:2.94) — Estimating sizes, distances, and quantities; or determining time, costs, resourc
  Monitoring and Controlling Resources (imp:2.73 lvl:3.14) — Monitoring and controlling resources and overseeing the spending of money.
  Developing and Building Teams (imp:2.67 lvl:2.38) — Encouraging and building mutual trust, respect, and cooperation among team membe
  Performing General Physical Activities (imp:2.49 lvl:2.38) — Performing general physical activities includes doing activities that require co
  Handling and Moving Objects (imp:2.45 lvl:2.90) — Using hands and arms in handling, installing, positioning, and moving materials,
  Resolving Conflicts and Negotiating with Others (imp:2.43 lvl:2.58) — Handling complaints, settling disputes, and resolving grievances and conflicts, 
  Providing Consultation and Advice to Others (imp:2.36 lvl:3.42) — Providing guidance and expert advice to management or other groups on technical,
  Guiding, Directing, and Motivating Subordinates (imp:2.26 lvl:2.44) — Providing guidance and direction to subordinates, including setting performance 
  Controlling Machines and Processes (imp:2.16 lvl:2.15) — Using either control mechanisms or direct physical activity to operate machines 
  Repairing and Maintaining Electronic Equipment (imp:1.96 lvl:1.60) — Servicing, repairing, calibrating, regulating, fine-tuning, or testing machines,
  Drafting, Laying Out, and Specifying Technical Devices, Parts, and Equipment (imp:1.94 lvl:1.75) — Providing documentation, detailed instructions, drawings, or specifications to t
  Repairing and Maintaining Mechanical Equipment (imp:1.81 lvl:1.43) — Servicing, repairing, adjusting, and testing machines, devices, moving parts, an
  Selling or Influencing Others (imp:1.60 lvl:1.07) — Convincing others to buy merchandise/goods or to otherwise change their minds or
  Staffing Organizational Units (imp:1.57 lvl:1.14) — Recruiting, interviewing, selecting, hiring, and promoting employees in an organ
  Operating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or Equipment (imp:1.40) — Running, maneuvering, navigating, or driving vehicles or mechanized equipment, s

--- WORK STYLES ---
  Dependability (imp:9.00) — A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related o
  Attention to Detail (imp:8.00) — A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
  Integrity (imp:7.00) — A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
  Cautiousness (imp:6.00) — A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related
  Intellectual Curiosity (imp:5.00) — A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep 
  Cooperation (imp:4.00) — A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
  Achievement Orientation (imp:3.00) — A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, 
  Attention to Detail (imp:2.77) — A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
  Dependability (imp:2.65) — A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related o
  Integrity (imp:2.40) — A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
  Cautiousness (imp:2.35) — A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related
  Cooperation (imp:2.34) — A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
  Intellectual Curiosity (imp:2.12) — A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep 
  Achievement Orientation (imp:2.11) — A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, 
  Adaptability (imp:2.09) — A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas 
  Perseverance (imp:2.01) — A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in 
  Perseverance (imp:2.00) — A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in 
  Stress Tolerance (imp:1.99) — A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
  Social Orientation (imp:1.79) — A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
  Leadership Orientation (imp:1.78) — A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
  Empathy (imp:1.77) — A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feel
  Sincerity (imp:1.75) — A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, withou
  Self-Control (imp:1.70) — A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in res
  Tolerance for Ambiguity (imp:1.58) — A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
  Self-Confidence (imp:1.57) — A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control 
  Initiative (imp:1.53) — A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may
  Innovation (imp:1.23) — A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on 
  Humility (imp:1.12) — A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
  Optimism (imp:1.04) — A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even un
  Adaptability (imp:1.00) — A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas 
  Innovation () — A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on 
  Tolerance for Ambiguity () — A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
  Initiative () — A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may
  Self-Confidence () — A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control 
  Leadership Orientation () — A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
  Humility () — A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
  Sincerity () — A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, withou
  Empathy () — A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feel
  Optimism () — A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even un
  Social Orientation () — A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
  Stress Tolerance () — A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
  Self-Control () — A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in res

--- TRANSFERABLE SKILLS ---
  Coordination (imp:3.88 lvl:4.12) — Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions.
  Social Perceptiveness (imp:3.62 lvl:3.75) — Being aware of others' reactions and understanding why they react as they do.
  Complex Problem Solving (imp:3.62 lvl:3.62) — Identifying complex problems and reviewing related information to develop and ev
  Judgment and Decision Making (imp:3.62 lvl:3.62) — Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential actions to choose the m
  Time Management (imp:3.50 lvl:3.62) — Managing one's own time and the time of others.
  Management of Personnel Resources (imp:3.50 lvl:3.50) — Motivating, developing, and directing people as they work, identifying the best 
  Instructing (imp:3.12 lvl:3.00) — Teaching others how to do something.
  Persuasion (imp:3.00 lvl:3.25) — Persuading others to change their minds or behavior.
  Service Orientation (imp:3.00 lvl:3.75) — Actively looking for ways to help people.
  Negotiation (imp:2.88 lvl:3.38) — Bringing others together and trying to reconcile differences.
  Systems Analysis (imp:2.88 lvl:2.88) — Determining how a system should work and how changes in conditions, operations, 
  Systems Evaluation (imp:2.88 lvl:3.38) — Identifying measures or indicators of system performance and the actions needed 
  Management of Material Resources (imp:2.75 lvl:2.75) — Obtaining and seeing to the appropriate use of equipment, facilities, and materi
  Management of Financial Resources (imp:2.38 lvl:2.25) — Determining how money will be spent to get the work done, and accounting for the
  Operations Monitoring (imp:1.75 lvl:1.25) — Watching gauges, dials, or other indicators to make sure a machine is working pr
  Quality Control Analysis (imp:1.75 lvl:1.12) — Conducting tests and inspections of products, services, or processes to evaluate
  Operations Analysis (imp:1.62 lvl:1.12) — Analyzing needs and product requirements to create a design.
  Technology Design (imp:1.62 lvl:0.75) — Generating or adapting equipment and technology to serve user needs.
  Programming (imp:1.62 lvl:0.88) — Writing computer programs for various purposes.
  Troubleshooting (imp:1.38 lvl:0.38) — Determining causes of operating errors and deciding what to do about it.
  Equipment Selection (imp:1.12 lvl:0.12) — Determining the kind of tools and equipment needed to do a job.
  Operation and Control (imp:1.12 lvl:0.12) — Controlling operations of equipment or systems.
  Installation (imp:1.00) — Installing equipment, machines, wiring, or programs to meet specifications.
  Equipment Maintenance (imp:1.00) — Performing routine maintenance on equipment and determining when and what kind o
  Repairing (imp:1.00) — Repairing machines or systems using the needed tools.
BLS OEWS May 2025 — 108,690 employed nationally bls.gov/oes ↗ · Public Domain · US Government · retrieved 2026-06-02
--- NATIONAL WAGES ---
  total_employment : 108,690
  annual_median    : $167,220
  annual_pct10     : $79,710
  annual_pct25     : $119,430
  annual_pct75     : $221,540
  annual_pct90     : $316,850
  annual_mean      : $180,250
  hourly_median    : $80.39

--- GEOGRAPHIC DISPERSION ---
  highest_state    : Massachusetts ($267,290)
  lowest_state     : Hawaii ($107,810)
  dispersion_ratio : 2.479x

--- TOP STATES BY WAGE (49 total) ---
  Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services emp:   52,240  median: $ 202,000
  Federal, State, and Local Government, excluding State and Local Government Schools and Hospitals and the U.S. Postal Service (OEWS Designation) emp:   19,320  median: $ 133,470
  Manufacturing                            emp:    9,270  median: $ 185,110
  Health Care and Social Assistance        emp:    7,740  median: $  99,980
  Educational Services                     emp:    5,890  median: $  82,060
  Management of Companies and Enterprises  emp:    5,080  median: $ 211,990
  Wholesale Trade                          emp:    4,840  median: $ 216,890
  Other Services (except Public Administration) emp:    1,370  median: $ 129,610
  Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services emp:    1,100  median: $ 111,240
  Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation      emp:      450  median: $ 103,480

--- TOP INDUSTRIES BY EMPLOYMENT (17 total) ---
  Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services emp:   52,240  median: $ 202,000
  Federal, State, and Local Government, excluding State and Local Government Schools and Hospitals and the U.S. Postal Service (OEWS Designation) emp:   19,320  median: $ 133,470
  Manufacturing                            emp:    9,270  median: $ 185,110
  Health Care and Social Assistance        emp:    7,740  median: $  99,980
  Educational Services                     emp:    5,890  median: $  82,060
  Management of Companies and Enterprises  emp:    5,080  median: $ 211,990
  Wholesale Trade                          emp:    4,840  median: $ 216,890
  Other Services (except Public Administration) emp:    1,370  median: $ 129,610
  Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services emp:    1,100  median: $ 111,240
  Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation      emp:      450  median: $ 103,480
Wikipedia — Clinical research coordinator (1,584 words) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_research_coordinator ↗ · CC BY-SA 4.0
exact_match_status : found
matched_title      : Clinical research coordinator
match_score        : 0.9831
wikidata_qid       : Q5133846
word_count         : 1,584
wikipedia_url      : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_research_coordinator
license            : CC BY-SA 4.0
fetched_at         : 2026-06-02T20:04:41.820623Z

--- WIKIPEDIA FULL TEXT ---
A Clinical Research Coordinator (CRC) is a person responsible for conducting clinical trials using good clinical practice (GCP) under the auspices of a Principal Investigator (PI).
Good clinical practices principles have been defined by Madelene Ottosen, RN, MSN, of The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston  as:

Trials are conducted ethically, as defined by the Declaration of Helsinki, rigorously, as defined by the International Conference on Harmonisation Guidelines (ICH).
Benefits outweigh risks for each patient.
Rights, safety and well-being of patients prevail over science.
All available non-clinical and clinical information on any investigational agent can support the trial as designed.
All trials are scientifically sound and clearly described.
All clinical trials have current Institutional Review Board approval.
Medical decisions and care are the responsibility of qualified health care professionals, specifically physicians and, if applicable, dentists.
Everyone involved in the clinical trial is qualified by training, education and experience.
Informed consent is given freely by every participant.
All study documentation is recorded, handled and stored to allow accurate reporting, interpretation and verification.
Confidentiality of subjects is respected and protected.
Investigational products maintain Good Manufacturing Practice in storage, manufacturing and handling.
Systems to ensure quality are implemented in all aspects of the trial.
The PI is responsible for the conduct of the trial, however, "CRCs are often involved in essential duties that have been traditionally performed by the PI, such as conducting the informed consent process and ensuring compliance with the protocol."  The CRC's primary responsibility, as with all clinical research professionals, is the protection of human subjects, but the CRC has many other responsibilities.  Although not inclusive, some of the CRC responsibilities include preparing the Institutional Review Board submission, writing the informed consent document, working with the institutional official in contract negotiations, developing a detailed cost analysis, negotiating the budget with the Sponsor (i.e., pharmaceutical company or granting agency), subject recruitment, patient care, adverse event reporting, preparing the case report form (CRF), submitting CRFs and other data to the Sponsor as necessary and study close-out.


== Responsibilities ==


=== Feasibility ===
A sponsor sends a feasibility questionnaire to the local research site.  The Clinical Research Coordinator completes the form on behalf of the site to determine if the local site has the patient population, support staff, medical facilities, and equipment necessary to successfully carry out the study protocol.


=== Institutional Review Board submissions ===

All research involving human subjects must be approved by an Institutional Review Board (IRB).  Each IRB has protocol submission requirements, which typically involve an IRB application and informed consent document.  A study cannot begin without IRB approval.


=== Informed consent ===
The IRB must approve informed consent prior to study initiation, and often the CRC is liaison between the IRB and the sponsor.  The sponsor sets informed consent requirements, as does the IRB. Each local IRB must review and approve the informed consent, but the CRC is responsible for communication between the IRB and the sponsor. §46.116 of the Code of Federal Regulations outlines the basic elements of informed consent as a:

Statement that the study involves research, an explanation of research purpose, expected duration of subject's participation, description of procedures, and identification of any experimental procedures
Description of any reasonably foreseeable risk or discomfort to the subject
Description of any benefits to the subject or others that can reasonably be expected
Disclosure of appropriate alternative procedures or courses of treatment, if any, that might be advantageous to the subject
Statement that describes extent, if any, to which confidentiality subject identity is maintained
Explanation (if more than minimal risk to test subject) as to any compensation, medical treatments available if injury occurs and, or where further information is available
List of whom to contact for pertinent questions about the research and subjects' rights, and whom to contact in the event of a research-related injury to the subject
Statement that participation is voluntary, refusal to participate involves no penalty or loss of benefits, and that the subject may discontinue participation at any time without penalty or loss of benefits


==== Additional elements ====
When appropriate, experimenters also tell each subject:

That the particular treatment or procedure may involve unforeseeable risks to the subject (or to an embryo or fetus, if relevant)
Circumstances under which investigator may end subject's participation without subject's consent
Additional costs to the subject that may result from participation in the research
Consequences of subject withdrawing from the research, and procedures for orderly termination of subject participation
That significant new findings during the research that could affect the subject's willingness to continue participation will be provided to the subject
The approximate number of subjects involved in the study


=== Contracting with pharmaceutical companies ===
The site conducting the clinical trial negotiates the clinical trial agreement (CTA) to conform to its policies and procedures.    The resolution of many contractual issues requires coordination between the sponsor, the PI and the site, which is usually the responsibility of the CRC.  The involvement of each party is essential to a successful CTA with mutually acceptable terms.  The CTA should include terms for indemnification, confidentiality, publication, intellectual property, insurance, data safety and monitoring boards, subject injury, governing law and termination clauses.


=== Cost analysis and budget negotiations ===
To develop a cost analysis, the CRC reviews the protocol schema and determine which procedures are standard of care, versus research.  Research charges are included in the budget—with personnel effort, site initiation costs, IRB fees throughout the life of the clinical trial, pharmacy costs, travel costs for the PI and CRC to attend investigator meetings, equipment, dedicated fax and computer lines, supplies, screen failures, subject stipends, subject travel costs, and any other items defined as a direct cost to the clinical trial. In addition, if the clinical trial is at an Academic Medical Center (AMC), an indirect cost rate applies to the direct study costs.  The indirect rate is approximately 30% for pharmaceutical trials, and can be upwards of 50% for federal trials, depending on the AMC's federally negotiated indirect costs rate.


=== Subject recruitment ===
Prior to agreeing to conduct the clinical trial, the CRC (and the PI) determine if they have the appropriate patient population. The CRC is responsible for subject recruitment once the trial begins, or must establish the research team that recruits subjects.  Viable subject recruitment must occur beforehand, as the clinical trial agreement stipulates the number of subjects the site must recruit.


=== Patient care ===
The CRC coordinates and conduct patient care visits and assures that all procedures comply with the protocol.  The CRC interacts with the PI to assure the patient receives appropriate medical evaluation and care when needed and alerts the PI of any serious adverse events that occur during the study.


=== Adverse events ===

An adverse event is described as "any adverse change in health or "side-effect" that occurs in a person who participates in a clinical trial while the patient is receiving the treatment (study medication, application of the study device, etc.) or within a pre-specified period of

--- SEMANTIC NEIGHBORS (5) ---

  Title: Human subject research (similarity: 0.3846)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_subject_research
  QID: Q1331083
  Extract: Human subjects research is systematic, scientific investigation that can be either interventional or observational and involves human beings as research subjects, commonly known as test subjects. Human subjects research can be either medical (clinical) research or non-medical research. Systematic in

  Title: Clinical trial management system (similarity: 0.5161)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_trial_management_system
  QID: Q1101537
  Extract: A Clinical Trial Management System (CTMS) is a software system used by biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries to manage clinical trials in clinical research. The system maintains and manages planning, performing and reporting functions, along with participant contact information, tracking deadl

  Title: Glossary of clinical research (similarity: 0.5763)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_clinical_research
  QID: Q5571774
  Extract: A glossary of terms used in clinical research.

  Title: Cirie Fields (similarity: 0.1429)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cirie_Fields
  QID: Q5121897
  Extract: Cirie Tiffany Fields is an American reality television personality and nurse best known for competing on multiple seasons of Survivor. Fields holds the record for most appearances in the franchise.

  Title: Jordi Mollà (similarity: 0.2439)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jordi_Moll%C3%A0
  QID: Q939395
  Extract: Jordi Mollà Perales is a Spanish actor, artist, writer, and filmmaker from Catalonia. He has been nominated three times for the Goya Award for Best Actor for The Lucky Star (1997), Second Skin (1999), and El cónsul de Sodoma (2009).
Claude Inference — claude-sonnet-4-20250514 · confidence:high · $0.0523 inferred_at: 2026-06-03T12:44:37 UTC · Boise Standard inference pipeline v1.0
model_pass1          : claude-sonnet-4-20250514
model_pass2          : claude-haiku-4-5-20251001
inference_confidence : high
confidence_notes     : Strong confidence supported by comprehensive O*NET data, exact Wikipedia match, detailed wage and employment statistics, and clear task descriptions that align with the established definition of Clinical Research Coordinators in healthcare settings.
inferred_at          : 2026-06-03T12:44:37.522425+00:00
tokens_input         : 4,580
tokens_output        : 4,656
cost_usd             : $0.052322
wikipedia_used       : True
wikipedia_title      : Clinical research coordinator
wikipedia_note       : Wikipedia confirms the role's responsibility for conducting clinical trials using Good Clinical Practice under Principal Investigator supervision. The semantic neighbors highlight connections to clinical trial management systems and human subjects research, reinforcing the regulatory and systematic nature of this profession.

--- PROSE FIELDS ---

ROLE SUMMARY:
Clinical Research Coordinators plan, direct, and coordinate clinical research projects, ensuring compliance with protocols and regulatory standards while managing study participants and data collection. They serve as the operational backbone of clinical trials, bridging scientific objectives with administrative execution through meticulous documentation and participant management. These professionals evaluate and analyze clinical data while overseeing the day-to-day activities of clinical research teams to maintain study integrity and regulatory compliance.

DAY IN THE LIFE:
A Clinical Research Coordinator begins their day reviewing study protocols and scheduling patient appointments for procedures or inpatient stays according to research timelines. They conduct eligibility assessments through screening interviews and medical record reviews, then perform protocol-specific procedures like taking vital signs, conducting electrocardiograms, and interviewing study subjects. Throughout the day, they maintain detailed case report forms, drug dispensation records, and regulatory documentation while monitoring compliance with local, federal, and state requirements. They spend considerable time communicating with patients and caregivers about study expectations, tracking enrollment status, and documenting any dropout information or protocol deviations. Their work involves coding and interpreting collected study data, identifying protocol problems, and coordinating with investigators to resolve issues that arise during the research process.

WHO THRIVES:
Individuals who excel as Clinical Research Coordinators demonstrate exceptional dependability and attention to detail, as evidenced by the highest importance ratings (9.0 and 8.0 respectively) for these work styles. They possess strong investigative tendencies (RIASEC I:5.90) combined with conventional organizational skills (C:4.81), enabling them to systematically approach complex research protocols while maintaining meticulous records. These professionals thrive on intellectual curiosity and cautiousness, balancing scientific rigor with participant safety concerns. The role suits those with excellent written and oral communication abilities (importance 4.0 each) who can effectively bridge technical research concepts with patient care, while managing multiple concurrent studies with precision and integrity.

CAREER ENTRY:
Entry into this field typically requires a bachelor's degree (60.1% of practitioners), with many positions accepting candidates from diverse educational backgrounds including life sciences, nursing, or health administration. Post-secondary certificates in clinical research or related healthcare fields provide an alternative pathway (11.6% of professionals), particularly for those transitioning from other healthcare roles. Prior experience in healthcare settings, research environments, or regulatory compliance provides valuable foundation knowledge, though many employers offer on-the-job training in specific protocols and Good Clinical Practice (GCP) standards. Professional certification through organizations like the Association of Clinical Research Professionals can enhance career prospects and demonstrate competency in clinical research principles.

CAREER TRAJECTORY:
Clinical Research Coordinators often advance to senior coordinator positions, Clinical Research Managers, or Clinical Program Directors within pharmaceutical companies, contract research organizations, or academic medical centers. The comprehensive skill set in regulatory compliance, data management, and project coordination opens pathways to specialized roles such as Clinical Data Managers or Health Informatics Specialists. Many professionals leverage their experience to transition into clinical affairs, regulatory affairs, or research and development leadership positions, with some pursuing advanced degrees to become Medical Scientists or moving into consulting roles within the growing clinical research industry.

MARKET INTELLIGENCE:
Clinical Research Coordinators command strong compensation with a median annual salary of $167,220 according to BLS OEWS May 2025 data, reflecting the specialized knowledge and regulatory responsibility inherent in the role. The profession employs 108,690 individuals nationwide with significant geographic variation, ranging from $267,290 in Massachusetts to $107,810 in Hawaii (2.48x ratio), indicating higher compensation in biotech and pharmaceutical hubs. The largest employment concentration is in Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services (52,240 employed), followed by government positions (19,320 employed) and manufacturing (9,270 employed). Job Zone 4 classification indicates considerable preparation needed, reflecting the critical role these professionals play in ensuring clinical trial integrity and participant safety. The field benefits from robust demand driven by pharmaceutical development pipelines and increased emphasis on evidence-based medicine.

AUTOMATION OUTLOOK:
Clinical Research Coordinators face moderate automation risk in data entry and basic documentation tasks, as Electronic Data Capture (EDC) systems and clinical trial management systems increasingly automate routine record-keeping functions. However, the core responsibilities requiring human judgment remain secure, including participant assessment, protocol interpretation, regulatory compliance monitoring, and the complex interpersonal communications essential to informed consent and patient care. The emphasis on critical thinking, problem sensitivity, and social perceptiveness in managing study participants and resolving protocol issues represents distinctly human capabilities that complement rather than compete with technological advances in clinical research infrastructure.

--- REASONED EDGES ---
  [task_similarity] Clinical Data Managers (15-2051.02) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both roles involve maintaining clinical study records, coding and evaluating study data, and ensuring regulatory compliance.
    data: Documenting/Recording Information (imp:4.5)
    data: Working with Computers (imp:4.4)
    data: Evaluating Information compliance (imp:4.1)
  [knowledge_overlap] Clinical Nurse Specialists (29-1141.04) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both require strong Medicine and Dentistry knowledge and Customer/Personal Service skills for patient interaction.
    data: Medicine and Dentistry knowledge (imp:3.2)
    data: Customer and Personal Service (imp:4.3)
    data: Patient assessment tasks
  [skill_overlap] Health Informatics Specialists (15-1211.01) — confidence:medium
    reasoning: Both utilize computers and electronics knowledge extensively and focus on healthcare data management and analysis.
    data: Computers and Electronics (imp:2.9)
    data: Working with Computers (imp:4.4)
    data: Data coding and interpretation tasks
  [career_pathway] Medical and Health Services Managers (11-9111.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Clinical Research Coordinators commonly advance to management roles overseeing clinical programs and research operations.
    data: Administration and Management knowledge
    data: Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work (imp:4.4)
    data: Job Zone 4 preparation level
  [riasec_cluster] Medical Scientists, Except Epidemiologists (19-1042.00) — confidence:medium
    reasoning: Both share strong Investigative orientation (I:5.90) and require scientific methodology and research protocol understanding.
    data: Investigative RIASEC code dominance
    data: Biology knowledge (imp:3.0)
    data: Protocol procedures and data analysis tasks
  [transferable_skill] Biostatisticians (15-2041.01) — confidence:medium
    reasoning: Both roles require complex problem solving and data analysis capabilities for interpreting clinical study results.
    data: Complex Problem Solving (imp:3.6)
    data: Mathematics knowledge (imp:2.9)
    data: Data coding and evaluation tasks
  [knowledge_overlap] Health Specialties Teachers, Postsecondary (25-1071.00) — confidence:medium
    reasoning: Both require deep Medicine and Dentistry knowledge and strong communication skills for education and patient interaction.
    data: Medicine and Dentistry knowledge
    data: Speaking (imp:3.9)
    data: Patient education and communication tasks

--- NORMALIZER SIGNALS ---
  match_keywords   : ['clinical research coordinator', 'clinical trial coordinator', 'clinical coordinator', 'research coordinator', 'clinical study coordinator', 'clinical data coordinator', 'clinical trial manager', 'clinical research manager']
  exclude_keywords : ['laboratory technician', 'medical assistant', 'data analyst', 'research assistant', 'nurse practitioner']
  title_patterns   : ['Clinical Research *', 'Clinical Trial *', 'Clinical Study *', 'Clinical Data *', 'Clinical Program *']
  common_variations: ['CRC', 'clinical research coord', 'clinical coordinator', 'research study coordinator', 'protocol coordinator', 'clinical trial coord', 'clinical research associate', 'clinical study manager']
Semantic Manifold — 40 terms · 5 provenance layers employment_word_extractor.py · sources: onet_tasks | onet_dimensions | dwas | wikipedia | inference · Constitutional Law III
total_terms    : 40
top_words      : ['clinical', 'research', 'others', 'tendency', 'study', 'equipment', 'subject', 'subjects', 'procedures', 'activities', 'human', 'crc', 'trial', 'medical', 'principles', 'protocol', 'regulatory', 'consent', 'compliance', 'informed']
source_layers  : onet_tasks | onet_dimensions | dwas | wikipedia | inference

TERM                    COUNT     FREQ  DOMINANT SOURCE      SOURCE BREAKDOWN
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
clinical                   68  0.01747  wikipedia            wikipedia:60%  inference:37%  onet_tasks:3%
research                   62  0.01593  wikipedia            wikipedia:55%  inference:35%  onet_tasks:5%
others                     42  0.01079  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:90%  dwas:7%  wikipedia:2%
tendency                   42  0.01079  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
study                      36  0.00925  wikipedia            wikipedia:42%  onet_tasks:39%  inference:19%
equipment                  30  0.00771  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:77%  onet_tasks:10%  dwas:7%
subject                    28  0.00719  wikipedia            wikipedia:86%  onet_tasks:14%
subjects                   24  0.00617  wikipedia            wikipedia:62%  onet_tasks:21%  onet_dimensions:8%
procedures                 24  0.00617  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:33%  wikipedia:29%  onet_tasks:25%
activities                 21  0.00539  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:43%  dwas:43%  onet_tasks:10%
human                      20  0.00514  wikipedia            wikipedia:50%  onet_dimensions:35%  inference:15%
crc                        20  0.00514  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
trial                      20  0.00514  wikipedia            wikipedia:85%  inference:15%
medical                    19  0.00488  wikipedia            wikipedia:53%  dwas:16%  inference:16%
principles                 18  0.00462  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:89%  wikipedia:6%  inference:6%
protocol                   17  0.00437  wikipedia            wikipedia:41%  onet_tasks:29%  inference:29%
regulatory                 15  0.00385  inference            inference:60%  dwas:20%  onet_tasks:13%
consent                    15  0.00385  wikipedia            wikipedia:80%  onet_tasks:13%  inference:7%
compliance                 14  0.00360  inference            inference:43%  dwas:29%  wikipedia:14%
informed                   14  0.00360  wikipedia            wikipedia:79%  onet_tasks:14%  inference:7%
care                       14  0.00360  wikipedia            wikipedia:50%  onet_tasks:21%  onet_dimensions:14%
management                 14  0.00360  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:50%  inference:29%  onet_tasks:14%
events                     14  0.00360  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:57%  wikipedia:36%  onet_tasks:7%
monitoring                 14  0.00360  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:57%  wikipedia:29%  inference:14%
problems                   13  0.00334  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:69%  onet_tasks:15%  dwas:8%
materials                  13  0.00334  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:77%  dwas:15%  onet_tasks:8%
patient                    13  0.00334  wikipedia            wikipedia:69%  inference:23%  onet_tasks:8%
includes                   13  0.00334  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:92%  wikipedia:8%
irb                        13  0.00334  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
trials                     12  0.00308  wikipedia            wikipedia:75%  inference:17%  onet_tasks:8%
control                    12  0.00308  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
objects                    12  0.00308  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
sponsor                    12  0.00308  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
standards                  11  0.00283  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:73%  inference:18%  onet_tasks:9%
professionals              11  0.00283  inference            inference:55%  wikipedia:36%  onet_tasks:9%
appropriate                11  0.00283  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:45%  wikipedia:36%  onet_tasks:18%
adverse                    11  0.00283  wikipedia            wikipedia:82%  onet_tasks:18%
resources                  11  0.00283  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:82%  dwas:9%  wikipedia:9%
costs                      11  0.00283  wikipedia            wikipedia:64%  onet_dimensions:36%
ideas                      11  0.00283  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
◈ Boise Standard Employment Graph · 11-9121.01 · built 2026-06-02 · Sources declared above are authoritative originals. This page synthesizes but does not replace them. Every claim traceable. Full provenance. Constitutional Law I.
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