[Core] [21% incumbents] Translate nursing practice information between nurses and systems engineers, analysts, or designers, using object-oriented models or other techniques.
  DWAs: Communicate project information to others.

[Core] [21% incumbents] Use informatics science to design or implement health information technology applications for resolution of clinical or health care administrative problems.
  DWAs: Design healthcare-related software applications. | Apply information technology to solve business or other applied problems.

[Core] [21% incumbents] Develop or implement policies or practices to ensure the privacy, confidentiality, or security of patient information.
  DWAs: Implement security measures for computer or information systems. | Develop computer or information security policies or procedures.

[Core] [21% incumbents] Analyze and interpret patient, nursing, or information systems data to improve nursing services.
  DWAs: Analyze health-related data.

[Core] [21% incumbents] Identify, collect, record, or analyze data relevant to the nursing care of patients.
  DWAs: Analyze health-related data. | Document operational activities.

[Core] [21% incumbents] Apply knowledge of computer science, information science, nursing, and informatics theory to nursing practice, education, administration, or research, in collaboration with other health informatics specialists.
  DWAs: Apply information technology to solve business or other applied problems.

[Core] [21% incumbents] Develop, implement, or evaluate health information technology applications, tools, processes, or structures to assist nurses with data management.
  DWAs: Evaluate utility of software or hardware technologies. | Design healthcare-related software applications.

[Core] [21% incumbents] Design, develop, select, test, implement, and evaluate new or modified informatics solutions, data structures, and decision-support mechanisms to support patients, health care professionals, and their information management and human-computer and human-technology interactions within health care contexts.
  DWAs: Test computer system operations to ensure proper functioning. | Evaluate utility of software or hardware technologies. | Design healthcare-related software applications.

[Core] [21% incumbents] Disseminate information about nursing informatics science and practice to the profession, other health care professions, nursing students, and the public.
  DWAs: Provide technical information or assistance to public.

[Core] [21% incumbents] Analyze computer and information technologies to determine applicability to nursing practice, education, administration, and research.
  DWAs: Evaluate utility of software or hardware technologies.

[Core] [21% incumbents] Develop strategies, policies or procedures for introducing, evaluating, or modifying information technology applied to nursing practice, administration, education, or research.
  DWAs: Develop guidelines for system implementation.

[Core] [21% incumbents] Read current literature, talk with colleagues, and participate in professional organizations or conferences to keep abreast of developments in informatics.
  DWAs: Update knowledge about emerging industry or technology trends.

[Core] [21% incumbents] Develop or deliver training programs for health information technology, creating operating manuals as needed.
  DWAs: Train others in computer interface or software use.

[Core] [21% incumbents] Design, conduct, or provide support to nursing informatics research.
  DWAs: Conduct research to gain information about products or processes. | Design research studies to obtain scientific information.

[Core] [21% incumbents] Inform local, state, national, and international health policies related to information management and communication, confidentiality and security, patient safety, infrastructure development, and economics.
  DWAs: Apply information technology to solve business or other applied problems.

[Core] [21% incumbents] Provide consultation to nurses regarding hardware or software configuration.
  DWAs: Provide recommendations to others about computer hardware.

[Supplemental] [21% incumbents] Plan, install, repair, or troubleshoot telehealth technology applications or systems in homes.
  DWAs: Install computer software. | Troubleshoot issues with computer applications or systems. | Provide technical support for software maintenance or use.

--- SKILLS ---
  Reading Comprehension (imp:4.38 lvl:4.88) — Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work-related documents.
  Active Listening (imp:4.00 lvl:4.12) — Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand
  Writing (imp:4.00 lvl:4.00) — Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the audienc
  Speaking (imp:4.00 lvl:4.00) — Talking to others to convey information effectively.
  Critical Thinking (imp:4.00 lvl:4.12) — Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternativ
  Active Learning (imp:3.75 lvl:4.75) — Understanding the implications of new information for both current and future pr
  Learning Strategies (imp:3.75 lvl:4.00) — Selecting and using training/instructional methods and procedures appropriate fo
  Monitoring (imp:3.62 lvl:4.00) — Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or organization
  Mathematics (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — Using mathematics to solve problems.
  Science (imp:2.12 lvl:2.00) — Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems.

--- KNOWLEDGE ---
  Computers and Electronics (imp:4.20 lvl:5.10) — Knowledge of circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and comput
  English Language (imp:4.05 lvl:4.76) — Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the mea
  Medicine and Dentistry (imp:3.70 lvl:4.05) — Knowledge of the information and techniques needed to diagnose and treat human i
  Education and Training (imp:3.67 lvl:4.90) — Knowledge of principles and methods for curriculum and training design, teaching
  Customer and Personal Service (imp:3.55 lvl:4.24) — Knowledge of principles and processes for providing customer and personal servic
  Administration and Management (imp:3.48 lvl:4.10) — Knowledge of business and management principles involved in strategic planning, 
  Mathematics (imp:3.24 lvl:4.14) — Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their appl
  Design (imp:3.19 lvl:3.33) — Knowledge of design techniques, tools, and principles involved in production of 
  Psychology (imp:3.15 lvl:3.90) — Knowledge of human behavior and performance; individual differences in ability, 
  Administrative (imp:3.10 lvl:4.71) — Knowledge of administrative and office procedures and systems such as word proce
  Engineering and Technology (imp:3.10 lvl:3.86) — Knowledge of the practical application of engineering science and technology. Th
  Sociology and Anthropology (imp:3.00 lvl:3.76) — Knowledge of group behavior and dynamics, societal trends and influences, human 
  Communications and Media (imp:2.95 lvl:3.00) — Knowledge of media production, communication, and dissemination techniques and m
  Public Safety and Security (imp:2.90 lvl:3.10) — Knowledge of relevant equipment, policies, procedures, and strategies to promote
  Biology (imp:2.71 lvl:2.57) — Knowledge of plant and animal organisms, their tissues, cells, functions, interd
  Telecommunications (imp:2.70 lvl:2.05) — Knowledge of transmission, broadcasting, switching, control, and operation of te
  Personnel and Human Resources (imp:2.50 lvl:3.50) — Knowledge of principles and procedures for personnel recruitment, selection, tra
  Law and Government (imp:2.35 lvl:2.19) — Knowledge of laws, legal codes, court procedures, precedents, government regulat
  Production and Processing (imp:2.10 lvl:2.38) — Knowledge of raw materials, production processes, quality control, costs, and ot
  Therapy and Counseling (imp:2.10 lvl:2.38) — Knowledge of principles, methods, and procedures for diagnosis, treatment, and r
  Sales and Marketing (imp:2.00 lvl:2.76) — Knowledge of principles and methods for showing, promoting, and selling products
  Economics and Accounting (imp:1.90 lvl:1.76) — Knowledge of economic and accounting principles and practices, the financial mar
  Philosophy and Theology (imp:1.81 lvl:1.90) — Knowledge of different philosophical systems and religions. This includes their 
  Mechanical (imp:1.50 lvl:1.05) — Knowledge of machines and tools, including their designs, uses, repair, and main
  Foreign Language (imp:1.33 lvl:0.71) — Knowledge of the structure and content of a foreign (non-English) language inclu
  Geography (imp:1.29 lvl:0.95) — Knowledge of principles and methods for describing the features of land, sea, an
  Fine Arts (imp:1.24 lvl:0.57) — Knowledge of the theory and techniques required to compose, produce, and perform
  History and Archeology (imp:1.24 lvl:0.33) — Knowledge of historical events and their causes, indicators, and effects on civi
  Building and Construction (imp:1.19 lvl:0.29) — Knowledge of materials, methods, and the tools involved in the construction or r
  Physics (imp:1.19 lvl:0.43) — Knowledge and prediction of physical principles, laws, their interrelationships,
  Chemistry (imp:1.19 lvl:0.48) — Knowledge of the chemical composition, structure, and properties of substances a
  Transportation (imp:1.10 lvl:0.19) — Knowledge of principles and methods for moving people or goods by air, rail, sea
  Food Production (imp:1.00) — Knowledge of techniques and equipment for planting, growing, and harvesting food

--- ABILITIES ---
  Written Comprehension (imp:4.12 lvl:4.88) — The ability to read and understand information and ideas presented in writing.
  Oral Expression (imp:4.00 lvl:4.75) — The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will unde
  Written Expression (imp:4.00 lvl:4.38) — The ability to communicate information and ideas in writing so others will under
  Problem Sensitivity (imp:4.00 lvl:4.00) — The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does no
  Deductive Reasoning (imp:4.00 lvl:4.50) — The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that 
  Inductive Reasoning (imp:4.00 lvl:4.12) — The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusion
  Oral Comprehension (imp:3.88 lvl:4.88) — The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through 
  Fluency of Ideas (imp:3.88 lvl:4.00) — The ability to come up with a number of ideas about a topic (the number of ideas
  Originality (imp:3.88 lvl:4.00) — The ability to come up with unusual or clever ideas about a given topic or situa
  Information Ordering (imp:3.75 lvl:4.00) — The ability to arrange things or actions in a certain order or pattern according
  Category Flexibility (imp:3.75 lvl:4.00) — The ability to generate or use different sets of rules for combining or grouping
  Near Vision (imp:3.75 lvl:3.88) — The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the observer).
  Speech Clarity (imp:3.75 lvl:3.75) — The ability to speak clearly so others can understand you.
  Speech Recognition (imp:3.62 lvl:3.62) — The ability to identify and understand the speech of another person.
  Mathematical Reasoning (imp:3.12 lvl:3.00) — The ability to choose the right mathematical methods or formulas to solve a prob
  Flexibility of Closure (imp:3.00 lvl:3.12) — The ability to identify or detect a known pattern (a figure, object, word, or so
  Perceptual Speed (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to quickly and accurately compare similarities and differences among
  Selective Attention (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to concentrate on a task over a period of time without being distrac
  Number Facility (imp:2.88 lvl:3.00) — The ability to add, subtract, multiply, or divide quickly and correctly.
  Visualization (imp:2.88 lvl:3.00) — The ability to imagine how something will look after it is moved around or when 
  Far Vision (imp:2.75 lvl:2.88) — The ability to see details at a distance.
  Speed of Closure (imp:2.62 lvl:2.62) — The ability to quickly make sense of, combine, and organize information into mea
  Memorization (imp:2.50 lvl:2.75) — The ability to remember information such as words, numbers, pictures, and proced
  Time Sharing (imp:2.50 lvl:2.38) — The ability to shift back and forth between two or more activities or sources of
  Arm-Hand Steadiness (imp:2.12 lvl:1.88) — The ability to keep your hand and arm steady while moving your arm or while hold
  Manual Dexterity (imp:2.12 lvl:1.75) — The ability to quickly move your hand, your hand together with your arm, or your
  Finger Dexterity (imp:2.00 lvl:1.88) — The ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the fingers of one or bot
  Control Precision (imp:2.00 lvl:1.88) — The ability to quickly and repeatedly adjust the controls of a machine or a vehi
  Visual Color Discrimination (imp:2.00 lvl:2.00) — The ability to match or detect differences between colors, including shades of c
  Depth Perception (imp:2.00 lvl:1.62) — The ability to judge which of several objects is closer or farther away from you
  Hearing Sensitivity (imp:2.00 lvl:2.00) — The ability to detect or tell the differences between sounds that vary in pitch 
  Auditory Attention (imp:2.00 lvl:2.00) — The ability to focus on a single source of sound in the presence of other distra
  Trunk Strength (imp:1.88 lvl:1.25) — The ability to use your abdominal and lower back muscles to support part of the 
  Wrist-Finger Speed (imp:1.75 lvl:0.75) — The ability to make fast, simple, repeated movements of the fingers, hands, and 
  Dynamic Strength (imp:1.25 lvl:0.25) — The ability to exert muscle force repeatedly or continuously over time. This inv
  Spatial Orientation (imp:1.00) — The ability to know your location in relation to the environment or to know wher
  Multilimb Coordination (imp:1.00) — The ability to coordinate two or more limbs (for example, two arms, two legs, or
  Response Orientation (imp:1.00) — The ability to choose quickly between two or more movements in response to two o
  Rate Control (imp:1.00) — The ability to time your movements or the movement of a piece of equipment in an
  Reaction Time (imp:1.00) — The ability to quickly respond (with the hand, finger, or foot) to a signal (sou
  Speed of Limb Movement (imp:1.00) — The ability to quickly move the arms and legs.
  Static Strength (imp:1.00) — The ability to exert maximum muscle force to lift, push, pull, or carry objects.
  Explosive Strength (imp:1.00) — The ability to use short bursts of muscle force to propel oneself (as in jumping
  Stamina (imp:1.00) — The ability to exert yourself physically over long periods of time without getti
  Extent Flexibility (imp:1.00) — The ability to bend, stretch, twist, or reach with your body, arms, and/or legs.
  Dynamic Flexibility (imp:1.00) — The ability to quickly and repeatedly bend, stretch, twist, or reach out with yo
  Gross Body Coordination (imp:1.00) — The ability to coordinate the movement of your arms, legs, and torso together wh
  Gross Body Equilibrium (imp:1.00) — The ability to keep or regain your body balance or stay upright when in an unsta
  Night Vision (imp:1.00) — The ability to see under low-light conditions.
  Peripheral Vision (imp:1.00) — The ability to see objects or movement of objects to one's side when the eyes ar
  Glare Sensitivity (imp:1.00) — The ability to see objects in the presence of a glare or bright lighting.
  Sound Localization (imp:1.00) — The ability to tell the direction from which a sound originated.

--- WORK ACTIVITIES ---
  Working with Computers (imp:4.76 lvl:4.48) — Using computers and computer systems (including hardware and software) to progra
  Getting Information (imp:4.67 lvl:5.05) — Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from all relevant sour
  Making Decisions and Solving Problems (imp:4.57 lvl:5.71) — Analyzing information and evaluating results to choose the best solution and sol
  Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates (imp:4.52 lvl:5.67) — Providing information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone,
  Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others (imp:4.50 lvl:4.90) — Translating or explaining what information means and how it can be used.
  Analyzing Data or Information (imp:4.48 lvl:5.67) — Identifying the underlying principles, reasons, or facts of information by break
  Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships (imp:4.43 lvl:5.48) — Developing constructive and cooperative working relationships with others, and m
  Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge (imp:4.38 lvl:6.00) — Keeping up-to-date technically and applying new knowledge to your job.
  Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work (imp:4.38 lvl:5.52) — Developing specific goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and accomplish your
  Developing and Building Teams (imp:4.33 lvl:4.62) — Encouraging and building mutual trust, respect, and cooperation among team membe
  Thinking Creatively (imp:4.29 lvl:5.57) — Developing, designing, or creating new applications, ideas, relationships, syste
  Processing Information (imp:4.24 lvl:5.81) — Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, or verifying
  Evaluating Information to Determine Compliance with Standards (imp:4.24 lvl:5.14) — Using relevant information and individual judgment to determine whether events o
  Documenting/Recording Information (imp:4.14 lvl:4.67) — Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining information in writte
  Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events (imp:4.05 lvl:5.33) — Identifying information by categorizing, estimating, recognizing differences or 
  Coordinating the Work and Activities of Others (imp:3.95 lvl:4.76) — Getting members of a group to work together to accomplish tasks.
  Training and Teaching Others (imp:3.95 lvl:4.95) — Identifying the educational needs of others, developing formal educational or tr
  Developing Objectives and Strategies (imp:3.90 lvl:4.71) — Establishing long-range objectives and specifying the strategies and actions to 
  Monitoring Processes, Materials, or Surroundings (imp:3.80 lvl:5.00) — Monitoring and reviewing information from materials, events, or the environment,
  Providing Consultation and Advice to Others (imp:3.79 lvl:5.38) — Providing guidance and expert advice to management or other groups on technical,
  Guiding, Directing, and Motivating Subordinates (imp:3.70 lvl:4.38) — Providing guidance and direction to subordinates, including setting performance 
  Communicating with People Outside the Organization (imp:3.62 lvl:4.62) — Communicating with people outside the organization, representing the organizatio
  Coaching and Developing Others (imp:3.62 lvl:4.48) — Identifying the developmental needs of others and coaching, mentoring, or otherw
  Scheduling Work and Activities (imp:3.57 lvl:4.48) — Scheduling events, programs, and activities, as well as the work of others.
  Resolving Conflicts and Negotiating with Others (imp:3.43 lvl:4.43) — Handling complaints, settling disputes, and resolving grievances and conflicts, 
  Performing Administrative Activities (imp:3.32 lvl:3.86) — Performing day-to-day administrative tasks such as maintaining information files
  Judging the Qualities of Objects, Services, or People (imp:3.29 lvl:4.19) — Assessing the value, importance, or quality of things or people.
  Estimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or Information (imp:3.15 lvl:3.71) — Estimating sizes, distances, and quantities; or determining time, costs, resourc
  Monitoring and Controlling Resources (imp:2.81 lvl:3.29) — Monitoring and controlling resources and overseeing the spending of money.
  Selling or Influencing Others (imp:2.80 lvl:3.52) — Convincing others to buy merchandise/goods or to otherwise change their minds or
  Assisting and Caring for Others (imp:2.76 lvl:3.14) — Providing personal assistance, medical attention, emotional support, or other pe
  Drafting, Laying Out, and Specifying Technical Devices, Parts, and Equipment (imp:2.62 lvl:3.19) — Providing documentation, detailed instructions, drawings, or specifications to t
  Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Materials (imp:2.57 lvl:2.95) — Inspecting equipment, structures, or materials to identify the cause of errors o
  Staffing Organizational Units (imp:2.52 lvl:2.86) — Recruiting, interviewing, selecting, hiring, and promoting employees in an organ
  Controlling Machines and Processes (imp:2.29 lvl:2.14) — Using either control mechanisms or direct physical activity to operate machines 
  Performing for or Working Directly with the Public (imp:2.21 lvl:2.35) — Performing for people or dealing directly with the public. This includes serving
  Performing General Physical Activities (imp:1.90 lvl:1.60) — Performing general physical activities includes doing activities that require co
  Handling and Moving Objects (imp:1.90 lvl:1.90) — Using hands and arms in handling, installing, positioning, and moving materials,
  Repairing and Maintaining Electronic Equipment (imp:1.81 lvl:1.43) — Servicing, repairing, calibrating, regulating, fine-tuning, or testing machines,
  Repairing and Maintaining Mechanical Equipment (imp:1.30 lvl:0.67) — Servicing, repairing, adjusting, and testing machines, devices, moving parts, an
  Operating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or Equipment (imp:1.25 lvl:0.55) — Running, maneuvering, navigating, or driving vehicles or mechanized equipment, s

--- WORK STYLES ---
  Dependability (imp:8.00) — A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related o
  Attention to Detail (imp:7.00) — A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
  Integrity (imp:6.00) — A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
  Cautiousness (imp:5.00) — A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related
  Intellectual Curiosity (imp:4.00) — A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep 
  Cooperation (imp:3.00) — A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
  Attention to Detail (imp:2.77) — A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
  Dependability (imp:2.59) — A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related o
  Integrity (imp:2.51) — A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
  Intellectual Curiosity (imp:2.41) — A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep 
  Cautiousness (imp:2.35) — A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related
  Innovation (imp:2.27) — A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on 
  Adaptability (imp:2.26) — A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas 
  Cooperation (imp:2.26) — A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
  Adaptability (imp:2.00) — A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas 
  Achievement Orientation (imp:1.95) — A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, 
  Initiative (imp:1.72) — A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may
  Social Orientation (imp:1.65) — A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
  Stress Tolerance (imp:1.64) — A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
  Perseverance (imp:1.61) — A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in 
  Tolerance for Ambiguity (imp:1.60) — A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
  Self-Confidence (imp:1.57) — A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control 
  Self-Control (imp:1.56) — A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in res
  Sincerity (imp:1.41) — A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, withou
  Empathy (imp:1.38) — A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feel
  Leadership Orientation (imp:1.29) — A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
  Innovation (imp:1.00) — A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on 
  Optimism (imp:0.82) — A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even un
  Humility (imp:0.75) — A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
  Achievement Orientation () — A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, 
  Tolerance for Ambiguity () — A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
  Initiative () — A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may
  Self-Confidence () — A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control 
  Perseverance () — A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in 
  Leadership Orientation () — A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
  Humility () — A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
  Sincerity () — A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, withou
  Empathy () — A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feel
  Optimism () — A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even un
  Social Orientation () — A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
  Stress Tolerance () — A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
  Self-Control () — A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in res

--- TRANSFERABLE SKILLS ---
  Complex Problem Solving (imp:4.12 lvl:4.12) — Identifying complex problems and reviewing related information to develop and ev
  Judgment and Decision Making (imp:3.88 lvl:4.00) — Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential actions to choose the m
  Systems Analysis (imp:3.75 lvl:4.00) — Determining how a system should work and how changes in conditions, operations, 
  Systems Evaluation (imp:3.75 lvl:4.25) — Identifying measures or indicators of system performance and the actions needed 
  Coordination (imp:3.50 lvl:3.75) — Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions.
  Instructing (imp:3.38 lvl:3.88) — Teaching others how to do something.
  Time Management (imp:3.38 lvl:3.25) — Managing one's own time and the time of others.
  Social Perceptiveness (imp:3.12 lvl:3.62) — Being aware of others' reactions and understanding why they react as they do.
  Service Orientation (imp:3.12 lvl:3.50) — Actively looking for ways to help people.
  Management of Personnel Resources (imp:3.12 lvl:3.00) — Motivating, developing, and directing people as they work, identifying the best 
  Persuasion (imp:3.00 lvl:3.62) — Persuading others to change their minds or behavior.
  Negotiation (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — Bringing others together and trying to reconcile differences.
  Programming (imp:2.88 lvl:3.12) — Writing computer programs for various purposes.
  Operations Analysis (imp:2.75 lvl:2.88) — Analyzing needs and product requirements to create a design.
  Technology Design (imp:2.75 lvl:2.88) — Generating or adapting equipment and technology to serve user needs.
  Quality Control Analysis (imp:2.75 lvl:3.00) — Conducting tests and inspections of products, services, or processes to evaluate
  Operations Monitoring (imp:2.50 lvl:2.62) — Watching gauges, dials, or other indicators to make sure a machine is working pr
  Troubleshooting (imp:2.12 lvl:2.12) — Determining causes of operating errors and deciding what to do about it.
  Management of Financial Resources (imp:2.12 lvl:2.12) — Determining how money will be spent to get the work done, and accounting for the
  Management of Material Resources (imp:2.00 lvl:2.00) — Obtaining and seeing to the appropriate use of equipment, facilities, and materi
  Equipment Selection (imp:1.75 lvl:1.50) — Determining the kind of tools and equipment needed to do a job.
  Operation and Control (imp:1.62 lvl:0.75) — Controlling operations of equipment or systems.
  Installation (imp:1.38 lvl:0.50) — Installing equipment, machines, wiring, or programs to meet specifications.
  Equipment Maintenance (imp:1.00) — Performing routine maintenance on equipment and determining when and what kind o
  Repairing (imp:1.00) — Repairing machines or systems using the needed tools.

--- NATIONAL WAGES ---
  total_employment : 519,530
  annual_median    : $105,850
  annual_pct10     : $67,340
  annual_pct25     : $82,860
  annual_pct75     : $134,110
  annual_pct90     : $167,710
  annual_mean      : $114,610
  hourly_median    : $50.89

--- GEOGRAPHIC DISPERSION ---
  highest_state    : Rhode Island ($134,630)
  lowest_state     : Virgin Islands ($59,430)
  dispersion_ratio : 2.265x

--- TOP STATES BY WAGE (53 total) ---
  Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services emp:  180,630  median: $ 109,050
  Finance and Insurance                    emp:   64,570  median: $ 106,000
  Management of Companies and Enterprises  emp:   60,580  median: $ 107,980
  Health Care and Social Assistance        emp:   39,510  median: $ 101,570
  Federal, State, and Local Government, excluding State and Local Government Schools and Hospitals and the U.S. Postal Service (OEWS Designation) emp:   38,260  median: $ 100,190
  Information                              emp:   36,350  median: $ 107,240
  Manufacturing                            emp:   23,870  median: $ 112,710
  Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services emp:   23,380  median: $ 108,790
  Educational Services                     emp:   21,010  median: $  96,080
  Wholesale Trade                          emp:   14,100  median: $ 115,080

--- TOP INDUSTRIES BY EMPLOYMENT (20 total) ---
  Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services emp:  180,630  median: $ 109,050
  Finance and Insurance                    emp:   64,570  median: $ 106,000
  Management of Companies and Enterprises  emp:   60,580  median: $ 107,980
  Health Care and Social Assistance        emp:   39,510  median: $ 101,570
  Federal, State, and Local Government, excluding State and Local Government Schools and Hospitals and the U.S. Postal Service (OEWS Designation) emp:   38,260  median: $ 100,190
  Information                              emp:   36,350  median: $ 107,240
  Manufacturing                            emp:   23,870  median: $ 112,710
  Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services emp:   23,380  median: $ 108,790
  Educational Services                     emp:   21,010  median: $  96,080
  Wholesale Trade                          emp:   14,100  median: $ 115,080

exact_match_status : found
matched_title      : Health informatics
match_score        : 0.7500
wikidata_qid       : Q870895
word_count         : 10,076
wikipedia_url      : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_informatics
license            : CC BY-SA 4.0
fetched_at         : 2026-06-02T20:19:37.712731Z

--- WIKIPEDIA FULL TEXT ---
Health informatics is the study and implementation of computer science to improve communication, understanding, and management of medical information. It can be viewed as a branch of engineering and applied science.
The health domain provides an extremely wide variety of problems that can be tackled using computational techniques.
Health informatics is a multidisciplinary field that includes the study of the design, development, and application of computational innovations to improve health care. The disciplines involved combine healthcare fields with computing fields, in particular computer engineering, software engineering, information engineering, bioinformatics, bio-inspired computing, theoretical computer science, information systems, data science, information technology, autonomic computing, and behavior informatics.
In academic institutions, health informatics includes research focuses on applications of artificial intelligence in healthcare and designing medical devices based on embedded systems. In some countries the term informatics is also used in the context of applying library science to data management in hospitals where it aims to develop methods and technologies for the acquisition, processing, and study of patient data, An umbrella term of biomedical informatics has been proposed.


== Subject areas ==
 Dutch former professor of medical informatics Jan van Bemmel has described medical informatics as the theoretical and practical aspects of information processing and communication based on knowledge and experience derived from processes in medicine and health care.
The Faculty of Clinical Informatics has identified six high level domains of core competency for clinical informaticians:

Health and Wellbeing in Practice
Information Technologies and Systems
Working with Data and Analytical Methods
Enabling Human and Organizational Change
Decision Making
Leading Informatics Teams and projects.


=== Tools to support practitioners ===
Clinical informaticians use their knowledge of patient care combined with their understanding of informatics concepts, methods, and health informatics tools to:

Assess information and knowledge needs of health care professionals, patients and their families.
Characterize, evaluate, and refine clinical processes,
Develop, implement, and refine clinical decision support systems, and
Lead or participate in the procurement, customization, development, implementation, management, evaluation, and continuous improvement of clinical information systems.
Clinicians collaborate with other health care and information technology professionals to develop health informatics tools which promote patient care that is safe, efficient, effective, timely, patient-centered, and equitable. Many clinical informaticists are also computer scientists.


=== Telehealth and telemedicine ===

Telehealth is the distribution of health-related services and information via electronic information and telecommunication technologies. It allows long-distance patient and clinician contact, care, advice, reminders, education, intervention, monitoring, and remote admissions. Telemedicine is sometimes used as a synonym, or is used in a more limited sense to describe remote clinical services, such as diagnosis and monitoring. Remote monitoring, also known as self-monitoring or testing, enables medical professionals to monitor a patient remotely using various technological devices. This method is primarily used for managing chronic diseases or specific conditions, such as heart disease, diabetes mellitus, or asthma.
These services can provide comparable health outcomes to traditional in-person patient encounters, supply greater satisfaction to patients, and may be cost-effective. Telerehabilitation (or e-rehabilitation[40][41]) is the delivery of rehabilitation services over telecommunications networks and the Internet. Most types of services fall into two categories: clinical assessment (the patient's functional abilities in his or her environment), and clinical therapy. Some fields of rehabilitation practice that have explored telerehabilitation are: neuropsychology, speech-language pathology, audiology, occupational therapy, and physical therapy. Telerehabilitation can deliver therapy to people who cannot travel to a clinic because the patient has a disability or because of travel time. Telerehabilitation also allows experts in rehabilitation to engage in a clinical consultation at a distance.


=== Decision support, artificial intelligence and machine learning in healthcare ===

A pioneer in the use of artificial intelligence in healthcare was American biomedical informatician Edward H. Shortliffe. This field deals with utilization of machine-learning algorithms and artificial intelligence, to emulate human cognition in the analysis, interpretation, and comprehension of complicated medical and healthcare data. Specifically, AI is the ability of computer algorithms to approximate conclusions based solely on input data. AI programs are applied to practices such as diagnosis processes, treatment protocol development, drug development, personalized medicine, and patient monitoring and care. A large part of industry focus of implementation of AI in the healthcare sector is in the clinical decision support systems.
As more data is collected, machine learning algorithms adapt and allow for more robust responses and solutions. Numerous companies are exploring the possibilities of the incorporation of big data in the healthcare industry. Many companies investigate the market opportunities through the realms of "data assessment, storage, management, and analysis technologies" which are all crucial parts of the healthcare industry. The following are examples of large companies that have contributed to AI algorithms for use in healthcare:

IBM's Watson Oncology is in development at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Cleveland Clinic. IBM is also working with CVS Health on AI applications in chronic disease treatment and with Johnson & Johnson on analysis of scientific papers to find new connections for drug development. In May 2017, IBM and Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute began a joint project entitled Health Empowerment by Analytics, Learning and Semantics (HEALS), to explore using AI technology to enhance healthcare.
Microsoft's Hanover project, in partnership with Oregon Health & Science University's Knight Cancer Institute, analyzes medical research to predict the most effective cancer drug treatment options for patients. Other projects include medical image analysis of tumor progression and the development of programmable cells.
Google's DeepMind platform is being used by the UK National Health Service to detect certain health risks through data collected via a mobile app. A second project with the NHS involves analysis of medical images collected from NHS patients to develop computer vision algorithms to detect cancerous tissues.
Tencent is working on several medical systems and services. These include AI Medical Innovation System (AIMIS), an AI-powered diagnostic medical imaging service; WeChat Intelligent Healthcare; and Tencent Doctorwork.
Intel's venture capital arm Intel Capital recently invested in startup Lumiata which uses AI to identify at-risk patients and develop care options.
Kheiron Medical developed deep learning software to detect breast cancers in mammograms.
Fractal Analytics has incubated Qure.ai which focuses on using deep learning and AI to improve radiology and speed up the analysis of diagnostic x-rays.
 Neuralink has come up with a next generation neuroprosthetic which intricately interfaces with thousands of neural pathways in the brain. Their process allows a chip, roughly the size of a quarter, to be inserted in place of a chunk of skull by a precision surgical robot to avoid accidental injury.
Digital consultant apps like Babylon Health's GP at Hand, Ada Health, Alibaba Health Doctor You, KareXpert and Your.MD use 

--- SEMANTIC NEIGHBORS (5) ---

  Title: Brazilian Society of Health Informatics (similarity: 0.5217)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazilian_Society_of_Health_Informatics
  QID: Q4958772
  Extract: The Sociedade Brasileira de Informática em Saúde, abbreviated as SBIS, is a professional society created in November 1986 in Campinas, during the First Brazilian Congress on Health Informatics. It has the mission of promoting the development and the interchange of ideas and results in the fields dev

  Title: Professional degrees of public health (similarity: 0.1791)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Professional_degrees_of_public_health
  QID: Q203196
  Extract: The Master of Public Health (MPH), Master of Science in Public Health (MSPH), Master of Medical Science in Public Health (MMSPH) and the Doctor of Public Health (DrPH), International Masters for Health Leadership (IMHL) are interdisciplinary professional degrees awarded for studies in areas related 

  Title: EHealth (similarity: 0.3243)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EHealth
  QID: Q4930
  Extract: 
eHealth describes healthcare services which are supported by digital processes, communication or technology such as electronic prescribing, Telehealth, or Electronic Health Records (EHRs). The term "eHealth" originated in the 1990s, initially conceived as "Internet medicine," but has since evolved 

  Title: Electronic health record (similarity: 0.3333)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_health_record
  QID: Q10871684
  Extract: An  electronic health record (EHR) is the systematized collection of electronically stored patient and population health information in a digital format. These records can be shared across different health care settings. Records are shared through network-connected, enterprise-wide information syste

  Title: Electronic health records in the United States (similarity: 0.3158)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_health_records_in_the_United_States
  QID: Q60748603
  Extract: Electronic health records in the United States are an important tool in delivering health care, but remain subject to criticism that they have underperformed at reducing costs and improving quality. Government, insurance companies and other medical institutions promote the use of electronic health r

model_pass1          : claude-sonnet-4-20250514
model_pass2          : claude-haiku-4-5-20251001
inference_confidence : high
confidence_notes     : Strong confidence based on detailed O*NET data including specific tasks, comprehensive skill and knowledge profiles, clear educational requirements, and robust wage data from BLS OEWS May 2025. The role description and related occupations provide clear boundaries for the profession.
inferred_at          : 2026-06-03T13:46:51.979350+00:00
tokens_input         : 4,703
tokens_output        : 3,936
cost_usd             : $0.044780
wikipedia_used       : True
wikipedia_title      : Health informatics
wikipedia_note       : The Wikipedia match confirms this is an established field focused on applying computer science to improve medical information management and communication. The description aligns with the O*NET emphasis on bridging healthcare and technology domains.

--- PROSE FIELDS ---

ROLE SUMMARY:
Health Informatics Specialists bridge healthcare and technology by designing, implementing, and optimizing computerized health information systems to improve patient care and organizational efficiency. They leverage expertise in both clinical practice and information technology to translate complex healthcare requirements into functional digital solutions. These professionals serve as critical intermediaries between clinical staff and technical teams, ensuring health IT systems meet real-world care delivery needs.

DAY IN THE LIFE:
A typical day involves analyzing patient care data to identify system improvement opportunities, meeting with nurses and physicians to understand workflow challenges, and collaborating with software engineers to design user-friendly interfaces for electronic health records. They spend considerable time testing new informatics solutions, ensuring data privacy and security compliance, and providing training to clinical staff on new technologies. Much of their work requires interpreting complex healthcare data, writing technical documentation, and troubleshooting system issues that impact patient care delivery.

WHO THRIVES:
Professionals who excel in this role combine strong analytical thinking with deep attention to detail, as evidenced by the high importance ratings for dependability and cautiousness in their work styles. They possess intellectual curiosity that drives continuous learning about evolving healthcare technologies and clinical practices. Success requires excellent written and oral communication abilities to effectively translate between clinical and technical stakeholders. Those who thrive demonstrate problem sensitivity and both deductive and inductive reasoning skills to identify systemic issues and develop innovative solutions.

CAREER ENTRY:
Entry into this field typically requires a Master's degree (52.4% of professionals hold this credential), often combining healthcare and informatics coursework or a healthcare background with additional technical training. Many professionals begin with nursing or other clinical experience before transitioning to informatics through specialized certification programs or graduate degrees in health informatics. Post-baccalaureate certificates (9.5% of professionals) provide pathway for experienced clinicians to gain technical expertise without pursuing full graduate degrees.

CAREER TRAJECTORY:
Career advancement often leads to senior informatics management roles, chief information officer positions in healthcare organizations, or specialized consulting roles helping organizations implement complex health IT systems. Many professionals advance to become clinical research coordinators, health information managers, or move into broader healthcare administration roles. The extensive preparation required (Job Zone 5) positions professionals for leadership roles in health technology companies, government agencies overseeing healthcare IT standards, or academic positions developing the next generation of health informatics professionals.

MARKET INTELLIGENCE:
Health Informatics Specialists command strong compensation with median annual wages of $105,850 (BLS OEWS May 2025), reflecting the specialized nature of their expertise and high demand for their skills. Employment of 519,530 professionals indicates robust market demand, driven by ongoing digital transformation in healthcare and regulatory requirements for electronic health records. Geographic variation is significant, with Rhode Island offering the highest wages at $134,630 compared to Virgin Islands at $59,430, representing a 2.27x range. Professional services firms employ the largest number (180,630), followed by finance and insurance (64,570), indicating opportunities beyond traditional healthcare settings. The concentration in technology-forward states and metropolitan areas reflects the role's technical requirements and proximity to health IT innovation centers.

AUTOMATION OUTLOOK:
The role shows strong resilience to automation due to its emphasis on complex problem solving, interpersonal communication, and nuanced decision-making that requires understanding of both clinical context and organizational dynamics. While routine data analysis tasks may become automated, the core functions of translating between clinical needs and technical capabilities, ensuring system usability, and managing stakeholder relationships remain inherently human-centered activities that benefit from professional judgment and relationship-building skills.

--- REASONED EDGES ---
  [skill_overlap] Computer Systems Analysts (15-1211.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both roles share systems analysis (3.8 importance) and working with computers (4.8 importance) as core competencies.
    data: Systems Analysis importance 3.8
    data: Working with Computers importance 4.8
    data: Listed as related occupation
  [knowledge_overlap] Health Information Technologists and Medical Registrars (29-9021.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both roles require medicine and dentistry knowledge and work extensively with health information systems and patient data.
    data: Medicine and Dentistry knowledge importance 3.7
    data: Listed as Primary-Short related occupation
    data: Patient data analysis tasks
  [task_similarity] Clinical Data Managers (15-2051.02) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both roles involve analyzing health-related data and implementing data management solutions in clinical settings.
    data: Analyze health-related data in top tasks
    data: Listed as Primary-Short related occupation
    data: Analyzing Data or Information importance 4.5
  [career_pathway] Medical and Health Services Managers (11-9111.00) — confidence:medium
    reasoning: Health informatics specialists often advance to management roles given their administration and management knowledge (3.5 importance) and leadership responsibilities.
    data: Administration and Management knowledge importance 3.5
    data: Listed as Primary-Short related occupation
    data: Job Zone 5 indicating extensive preparation
  [knowledge_overlap] Nurse Practitioners (29-1171.00) — confidence:medium
    reasoning: Both roles require deep medicine and dentistry knowledge (3.7 importance) and many health informatics specialists have nursing backgrounds.
    data: Medicine and Dentistry knowledge importance 3.7
    data: Translate nursing practice information task
    data: Listed as Primary-Short related occupation

--- NORMALIZER SIGNALS ---
  match_keywords   : ['health informatics', 'clinical informatics', 'health information technology', 'medical informatics', 'nursing informatics', 'healthcare IT', 'clinical systems', 'health data']
  exclude_keywords : ['pure software', 'general IT', 'non-healthcare', 'research only', 'laboratory']
  title_patterns   : ['Health Informatics', 'Clinical Informatics', 'Health Information', 'Medical Informatics', 'Healthcare IT']
  common_variations: ['Health Informaticist', 'Clinical Informatics Specialist', 'Health IT Specialist', 'Medical Informatics Analyst', 'Clinical Systems Specialist', 'Health Informatics Coordinator', 'EHR Specialist', 'Healthcare Data Analyst']

total_terms    : 40
top_words      : ['health', 'informatics', 'medical', 'care', 'clinical', 'patient', 'technology', 'research', 'electronic', 'others', 'healthcare', 'tendency', 'computer', 'management', 'records', 'medicine', 'public', 'standards', 'services', 'human']
source_layers  : onet_tasks | onet_dimensions | dwas | wikipedia | inference

TERM                    COUNT     FREQ  DOMINANT SOURCE      SOURCE BREAKDOWN
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
health                    268  0.03299  wikipedia            wikipedia:91%  inference:4%  onet_tasks:3%
informatics               153  0.01883  wikipedia            wikipedia:90%  inference:5%  onet_tasks:5%
medical                   113  0.01391  wikipedia            wikipedia:98%  onet_dimensions:1%  inference:1%
care                      106  0.01305  wikipedia            wikipedia:90%  onet_tasks:5%  inference:4%
clinical                   92  0.01132  wikipedia            wikipedia:89%  inference:10%  onet_tasks:1%
patient                    52  0.00640  wikipedia            wikipedia:88%  onet_tasks:6%  inference:6%
technology                 47  0.00579  wikipedia            wikipedia:60%  onet_tasks:13%  inference:11%
research                   47  0.00579  wikipedia            wikipedia:83%  onet_tasks:9%  dwas:4%
electronic                 46  0.00566  wikipedia            wikipedia:85%  onet_dimensions:11%  inference:4%
others                     43  0.00529  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:88%  dwas:7%  wikipedia:5%
healthcare                 43  0.00529  wikipedia            wikipedia:65%  inference:28%  dwas:7%
tendency                   42  0.00517  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
computer                   34  0.00419  wikipedia            wikipedia:59%  dwas:21%  onet_tasks:9%
management                 34  0.00419  wikipedia            wikipedia:65%  onet_dimensions:21%  onet_tasks:9%
records                    32  0.00394  wikipedia            wikipedia:91%  inference:6%  onet_dimensions:3%
medicine                   30  0.00369  wikipedia            wikipedia:97%  onet_dimensions:3%
public                     28  0.00345  wikipedia            wikipedia:79%  onet_dimensions:14%  onet_tasks:4%
standards                  28  0.00345  wikipedia            wikipedia:68%  onet_dimensions:29%  inference:4%
services                   26  0.00320  wikipedia            wikipedia:69%  onet_dimensions:23%  onet_tasks:4%
human                      26  0.00320  wikipedia            wikipedia:62%  onet_dimensions:27%  onet_tasks:8%
hospital                   26  0.00320  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
development                25  0.00308  wikipedia            wikipedia:96%  onet_tasks:4%
china                      25  0.00308  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
patients                   23  0.00283  wikipedia            wikipedia:87%  onet_tasks:9%  onet_dimensions:4%
equipment                  23  0.00283  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
design                     22  0.00271  wikipedia            wikipedia:36%  onet_dimensions:27%  dwas:18%
applications               22  0.00271  wikipedia            wikipedia:50%  onet_dimensions:18%  dwas:18%
software                   21  0.00259  dwas                 dwas:43%  wikipedia:33%  onet_dimensions:14%
quality                    21  0.00259  wikipedia            wikipedia:71%  onet_dimensions:29%
professionals              20  0.00246  wikipedia            wikipedia:50%  inference:45%  onet_tasks:5%
analysis                   20  0.00246  wikipedia            wikipedia:75%  onet_dimensions:20%  inference:5%
hospitals                  20  0.00246  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
nursing                    19  0.00234  onet_tasks           onet_tasks:58%  wikipedia:37%  inference:5%
science                    19  0.00234  wikipedia            wikipedia:63%  onet_tasks:21%  onet_dimensions:11%
problems                   19  0.00234  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:47%  wikipedia:32%  dwas:16%
record                     19  0.00234  wikipedia            wikipedia:95%  onet_tasks:5%
includes                   19  0.00234  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:63%  wikipedia:37%
principles                 19  0.00234  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:84%  wikipedia:16%
university                 19  0.00234  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
practice                   18  0.00221  wikipedia            wikipedia:67%  onet_tasks:28%  inference:6%