[Core] Produce data layers, maps, tables, or reports, using spatial analysis procedures or Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology, equipment, or systems.
  DWAs: Prepare graphics or other visual representations of information. | Prepare analytical reports.

[Core] Design or prepare graphic representations of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) data, using GIS hardware or software applications.
  DWAs: Prepare graphics or other visual representations of information.

[Core] Maintain or modify existing Geographic Information Systems (GIS) databases.
  DWAs: Create databases to store electronic data. | Update computer database information.

[Core] Provide technical expertise in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology to clients or users.
  DWAs: Provide technical support for software maintenance or use.

[Core] Perform computer programming, data analysis, or software development for Geographic Information Systems (GIS) applications, including the maintenance of existing systems or research and development for future enhancements.
  DWAs: Design software applications. | Write computer programming code.

[Core] Enter data into Geographic Information Systems (GIS) databases, using techniques such as coordinate geometry, keyboard entry of tabular data, manual digitizing of maps, scanning or automatic conversion to vectors, or conversion of other sources of digital data.
  DWAs: Update computer database information.

[Core] Review existing or incoming data for currency, accuracy, usefulness, quality, or completeness of documentation.
  DWAs: Evaluate data quality.

[Core] Perform geospatial data building, modeling, or analysis, using advanced spatial analysis, data manipulation, or cartography software.
  DWAs: Develop scientific or mathematical models.

[Core] Design or coordinate the development of integrated Geographic Information Systems (GIS) spatial or non-spatial databases.
  DWAs: Create databases to store electronic data.

[Core] Perform integrated or computerized Geographic Information Systems (GIS) analyses to address scientific problems.
  DWAs: Analyze data to identify trends or relationships among variables.

[Core] Select cartographic elements needed for effective presentation of information.
  DWAs: Prepare graphics or other visual representations of information.

[Core] Provide technical support to users or clients regarding the maintenance, development, or operation of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) databases, equipment, or applications.
  DWAs: Provide technical support for software maintenance or use.

[Core] Collect, compile, or integrate Geographic Information Systems (GIS) data, such as remote sensing or cartographic data for inclusion in map manuscripts.
  DWAs: Prepare data for analysis.

[Core] Interpret aerial or ortho photographs.
  DWAs: Analyze data to identify trends or relationships among variables.

[Core] Meet with clients to discuss topics such as technical specifications, customized solutions, or operational problems.
  DWAs: Coordinate project activities with other personnel or departments.

[Core] Document, design, code, or test Geographic Information Systems (GIS) models, internet mapping solutions, or other applications.
  DWAs: Test software performance. | Design computer modeling or simulation programs. | Document technical specifications or requirements.

[Core] Create, analyze, report, convert, or transfer data, using specialized applications program software.
  DWAs: Analyze data to identify trends or relationships among variables. | Prepare data for analysis.

[Core] Confer with users to analyze, configure, or troubleshoot applications.
  DWAs: Troubleshoot issues with computer applications or systems. | Collaborate with others to resolve information technology issues.

[Core] Design, program, or model Geographic Information Systems (GIS) applications or procedures.
  DWAs: Design software applications. | Write computer programming code. | Develop models of information or communications systems.

[Core] Develop specialized computer software routines, internet-based Geographic Information Systems (GIS) databases, or business applications to customize geographic information.
  DWAs: Create databases to store electronic data.

[Core] Make recommendations regarding upgrades, considering implications of new or revised Geographic Information Systems (GIS) software, equipment, or applications.
  DWAs: Recommend changes to improve computer or information systems.

[Core] Assist users in formulating Geographic Information Systems (GIS) requirements or understanding the implications of alternatives.
  DWAs: Collaborate with others to determine design specifications or details.

[Core] Create visual representations of geospatial data, using complex procedures such as analytical modeling, three-dimensional renderings, or plot creation.
  DWAs: Prepare graphics or other visual representations of information.

[Core] Transfer or rescale information from original photographs onto maps or other photographs.
  DWAs: Prepare graphics or other visual representations of information.

[Core] Prepare training materials for, or make presentations to, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) users.
  DWAs: Train others in computer interface or software use.

[Supplemental] Apply three-dimensional (3D) or four-dimensional (4D) technologies to geospatial data to allow for new or different analyses or applications.
  DWAs: Analyze Geographic Information Systems (GIS) data for use in green applications. | Prepare graphics or other visual representations of information.

[None] Conduct research, data analysis, systems design, or support for software such as Geographic Information Systems (GIS) or Global Positioning Systems (GPS) mapping software.
  DWAs: Conduct research to gain information about products or processes. | Design integrated computer systems.

[None] Read current literature, talk with colleagues, continue education, or participate in professional organizations or conferences to keep abreast of developments in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology, equipment, or systems.
  DWAs: Update knowledge about emerging industry or technology trends.

[None] Recommend procedures, equipment, or software upgrades to increase data accessibility or ease of use.
  DWAs: Recommend changes to improve computer or information systems.

--- SKILLS ---
  Reading Comprehension (imp:3.88 lvl:4.00) — Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work-related documents.
  Critical Thinking (imp:3.62 lvl:3.75) — Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternativ
  Active Listening (imp:3.50 lvl:3.38) — Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand
  Speaking (imp:3.50 lvl:3.38) — Talking to others to convey information effectively.
  Writing (imp:3.12 lvl:3.25) — Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the audienc
  Mathematics (imp:3.00) — Using mathematics to solve problems.
  Active Learning (imp:3.00 lvl:3.12) — Understanding the implications of new information for both current and future pr
  Monitoring (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or organization
  Learning Strategies (imp:2.62 lvl:2.75) — Selecting and using training/instructional methods and procedures appropriate fo
  Science (imp:2.12 lvl:1.50) — Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems.

--- KNOWLEDGE ---
  Geography (imp:4.71 lvl:6.56) — Knowledge of principles and methods for describing the features of land, sea, an
  Computers and Electronics (imp:4.48 lvl:5.63) — Knowledge of circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and comput
  English Language (imp:4.04 lvl:4.52) — Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the mea
  Mathematics (imp:3.88 lvl:4.88) — Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their appl
  Design (imp:3.40 lvl:4.11) — Knowledge of design techniques, tools, and principles involved in production of 
  Customer and Personal Service (imp:3.15 lvl:4.11) — Knowledge of principles and processes for providing customer and personal servic
  Engineering and Technology (imp:3.10 lvl:3.33) — Knowledge of the practical application of engineering science and technology. Th
  Education and Training (imp:3.04 lvl:4.22) — Knowledge of principles and methods for curriculum and training design, teaching
  Administration and Management (imp:2.88 lvl:3.67) — Knowledge of business and management principles involved in strategic planning, 
  Administrative (imp:2.62 lvl:3.72) — Knowledge of administrative and office procedures and systems such as word proce
  Law and Government (imp:2.58 lvl:2.86) — Knowledge of laws, legal codes, court procedures, precedents, government regulat
  Public Safety and Security (imp:2.54 lvl:2.48) — Knowledge of relevant equipment, policies, procedures, and strategies to promote
  Communications and Media (imp:2.43 lvl:2.41) — Knowledge of media production, communication, and dissemination techniques and m
  Biology (imp:2.35 lvl:2.77) — Knowledge of plant and animal organisms, their tissues, cells, functions, interd
  Physics (imp:2.31 lvl:2.46) — Knowledge and prediction of physical principles, laws, their interrelationships,
  Production and Processing (imp:2.13) — Knowledge of raw materials, production processes, quality control, costs, and ot
  Transportation (imp:2.10 lvl:2.13) — Knowledge of principles and methods for moving people or goods by air, rail, sea
  History and Archeology (imp:2.08 lvl:2.39) — Knowledge of historical events and their causes, indicators, and effects on civi
  Chemistry (imp:2.04 lvl:2.02) — Knowledge of the chemical composition, structure, and properties of substances a
  Sociology and Anthropology (imp:2.00 lvl:1.95) — Knowledge of group behavior and dynamics, societal trends and influences, human 
  Sales and Marketing (imp:1.98 lvl:2.31) — Knowledge of principles and methods for showing, promoting, and selling products
  Telecommunications (imp:1.96 lvl:1.68) — Knowledge of transmission, broadcasting, switching, control, and operation of te
  Mechanical (imp:1.95 lvl:1.98) — Knowledge of machines and tools, including their designs, uses, repair, and main
  Economics and Accounting (imp:1.82 lvl:1.50) — Knowledge of economic and accounting principles and practices, the financial mar
  Personnel and Human Resources (imp:1.73) — Knowledge of principles and procedures for personnel recruitment, selection, tra
  Building and Construction (imp:1.68 lvl:1.17) — Knowledge of materials, methods, and the tools involved in the construction or r
  Psychology (imp:1.60 lvl:1.26) — Knowledge of human behavior and performance; individual differences in ability, 
  Fine Arts (imp:1.52 lvl:0.94) — Knowledge of the theory and techniques required to compose, produce, and perform
  Foreign Language (imp:1.37) — Knowledge of the structure and content of a foreign (non-English) language inclu
  Medicine and Dentistry (imp:1.28 lvl:0.52) — Knowledge of the information and techniques needed to diagnose and treat human i
  Therapy and Counseling (imp:1.21) — Knowledge of principles, methods, and procedures for diagnosis, treatment, and r
  Philosophy and Theology (imp:1.14) — Knowledge of different philosophical systems and religions. This includes their 
  Food Production (imp:1.12) — Knowledge of techniques and equipment for planting, growing, and harvesting food

--- ABILITIES ---
  Oral Comprehension (imp:3.75 lvl:4.00) — The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through 
  Written Comprehension (imp:3.75 lvl:4.00) — The ability to read and understand information and ideas presented in writing.
  Deductive Reasoning (imp:3.75 lvl:3.88) — The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that 
  Inductive Reasoning (imp:3.62 lvl:3.62) — The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusion
  Information Ordering (imp:3.62 lvl:3.62) — The ability to arrange things or actions in a certain order or pattern according
  Near Vision (imp:3.62 lvl:3.88) — The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the observer).
  Oral Expression (imp:3.50 lvl:4.25) — The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will unde
  Problem Sensitivity (imp:3.50 lvl:3.50) — The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does no
  Visualization (imp:3.38 lvl:3.25) — The ability to imagine how something will look after it is moved around or when 
  Speech Recognition (imp:3.38 lvl:3.38) — The ability to identify and understand the speech of another person.
  Speech Clarity (imp:3.38 lvl:3.12) — The ability to speak clearly so others can understand you.
  Written Expression (imp:3.25 lvl:3.50) — The ability to communicate information and ideas in writing so others will under
  Category Flexibility (imp:3.25 lvl:3.38) — The ability to generate or use different sets of rules for combining or grouping
  Selective Attention (imp:3.25 lvl:2.88) — The ability to concentrate on a task over a period of time without being distrac
  Mathematical Reasoning (imp:3.12 lvl:3.50) — The ability to choose the right mathematical methods or formulas to solve a prob
  Number Facility (imp:3.00 lvl:3.12) — The ability to add, subtract, multiply, or divide quickly and correctly.
  Flexibility of Closure (imp:3.00 lvl:3.38) — The ability to identify or detect a known pattern (a figure, object, word, or so
  Fluency of Ideas (imp:2.88 lvl:3.00) — The ability to come up with a number of ideas about a topic (the number of ideas
  Originality (imp:2.88 lvl:3.00) — The ability to come up with unusual or clever ideas about a given topic or situa
  Perceptual Speed (imp:2.75 lvl:2.50) — The ability to quickly and accurately compare similarities and differences among
  Time Sharing (imp:2.50 lvl:2.12) — The ability to shift back and forth between two or more activities or sources of
  Far Vision (imp:2.50 lvl:2.75) — The ability to see details at a distance.
  Memorization (imp:2.38 lvl:2.25) — The ability to remember information such as words, numbers, pictures, and proced
  Speed of Closure (imp:2.38 lvl:2.62) — The ability to quickly make sense of, combine, and organize information into mea
  Visual Color Discrimination (imp:2.38 lvl:2.12) — The ability to match or detect differences between colors, including shades of c
  Arm-Hand Steadiness (imp:2.12 lvl:1.62) — The ability to keep your hand and arm steady while moving your arm or while hold
  Manual Dexterity (imp:2.12 lvl:1.50) — The ability to quickly move your hand, your hand together with your arm, or your
  Wrist-Finger Speed (imp:2.12 lvl:1.62) — The ability to make fast, simple, repeated movements of the fingers, hands, and 
  Finger Dexterity (imp:2.00 lvl:1.50) — The ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the fingers of one or bot
  Control Precision (imp:2.00 lvl:1.38) — The ability to quickly and repeatedly adjust the controls of a machine or a vehi
  Trunk Strength (imp:2.00 lvl:1.38) — The ability to use your abdominal and lower back muscles to support part of the 
  Auditory Attention (imp:2.00 lvl:1.62) — The ability to focus on a single source of sound in the presence of other distra
  Hearing Sensitivity (imp:1.88 lvl:1.38) — The ability to detect or tell the differences between sounds that vary in pitch 
  Spatial Orientation (imp:1.62 lvl:0.88) — The ability to know your location in relation to the environment or to know wher
  Dynamic Strength (imp:1.62 lvl:0.75) — The ability to exert muscle force repeatedly or continuously over time. This inv
  Depth Perception (imp:1.38 lvl:0.62) — The ability to judge which of several objects is closer or farther away from you
  Response Orientation (imp:1.12 lvl:0.12) — The ability to choose quickly between two or more movements in response to two o
  Sound Localization (imp:1.12 lvl:0.12) — The ability to tell the direction from which a sound originated.
  Multilimb Coordination (imp:1.00) — The ability to coordinate two or more limbs (for example, two arms, two legs, or
  Rate Control (imp:1.00) — The ability to time your movements or the movement of a piece of equipment in an
  Reaction Time (imp:1.00) — The ability to quickly respond (with the hand, finger, or foot) to a signal (sou
  Speed of Limb Movement (imp:1.00) — The ability to quickly move the arms and legs.
  Static Strength (imp:1.00) — The ability to exert maximum muscle force to lift, push, pull, or carry objects.
  Explosive Strength (imp:1.00) — The ability to use short bursts of muscle force to propel oneself (as in jumping
  Stamina (imp:1.00) — The ability to exert yourself physically over long periods of time without getti
  Extent Flexibility (imp:1.00) — The ability to bend, stretch, twist, or reach with your body, arms, and/or legs.
  Dynamic Flexibility (imp:1.00) — The ability to quickly and repeatedly bend, stretch, twist, or reach out with yo
  Gross Body Coordination (imp:1.00) — The ability to coordinate the movement of your arms, legs, and torso together wh
  Gross Body Equilibrium (imp:1.00) — The ability to keep or regain your body balance or stay upright when in an unsta
  Night Vision (imp:1.00) — The ability to see under low-light conditions.
  Peripheral Vision (imp:1.00) — The ability to see objects or movement of objects to one's side when the eyes ar
  Glare Sensitivity (imp:1.00) — The ability to see objects in the presence of a glare or bright lighting.

--- WORK ACTIVITIES ---
  Working with Computers (imp:4.93 lvl:4.98) — Using computers and computer systems (including hardware and software) to progra
  Analyzing Data or Information (imp:4.61 lvl:5.67) — Identifying the underlying principles, reasons, or facts of information by break
  Processing Information (imp:4.50 lvl:5.69) — Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, or verifying
  Getting Information (imp:4.48 lvl:5.00) — Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from all relevant sour
  Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge (imp:4.41 lvl:5.85) — Keeping up-to-date technically and applying new knowledge to your job.
  Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates (imp:4.22 lvl:5.07) — Providing information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone,
  Making Decisions and Solving Problems (imp:4.15 lvl:4.80) — Analyzing information and evaluating results to choose the best solution and sol
  Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others (imp:3.96 lvl:4.41) — Translating or explaining what information means and how it can be used.
  Thinking Creatively (imp:3.95 lvl:5.06) — Developing, designing, or creating new applications, ideas, relationships, syste
  Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships (imp:3.80 lvl:4.79) — Developing constructive and cooperative working relationships with others, and m
  Documenting/Recording Information (imp:3.77 lvl:4.60) — Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining information in writte
  Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work (imp:3.76 lvl:5.00) — Developing specific goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and accomplish your
  Estimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or Information (imp:3.75 lvl:4.24) — Estimating sizes, distances, and quantities; or determining time, costs, resourc
  Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events (imp:3.74 lvl:4.51) — Identifying information by categorizing, estimating, recognizing differences or 
  Evaluating Information to Determine Compliance with Standards (imp:3.69 lvl:4.15) — Using relevant information and individual judgment to determine whether events o
  Communicating with People Outside the Organization (imp:3.42 lvl:4.37) — Communicating with people outside the organization, representing the organizatio
  Developing Objectives and Strategies (imp:3.37 lvl:4.13) — Establishing long-range objectives and specifying the strategies and actions to 
  Monitoring Processes, Materials, or Surroundings (imp:3.33 lvl:3.96) — Monitoring and reviewing information from materials, events, or the environment,
  Training and Teaching Others (imp:3.32 lvl:4.01) — Identifying the educational needs of others, developing formal educational or tr
  Scheduling Work and Activities (imp:3.30 lvl:4.07) — Scheduling events, programs, and activities, as well as the work of others.
  Judging the Qualities of Objects, Services, or People (imp:3.23 lvl:3.99) — Assessing the value, importance, or quality of things or people.
  Providing Consultation and Advice to Others (imp:3.20 lvl:3.88) — Providing guidance and expert advice to management or other groups on technical,
  Coordinating the Work and Activities of Others (imp:2.98 lvl:3.74) — Getting members of a group to work together to accomplish tasks.
  Coaching and Developing Others (imp:2.92 lvl:3.51) — Identifying the developmental needs of others and coaching, mentoring, or otherw
  Performing for or Working Directly with the Public (imp:2.63 lvl:2.92) — Performing for people or dealing directly with the public. This includes serving
  Developing and Building Teams (imp:2.54 lvl:2.86) — Encouraging and building mutual trust, respect, and cooperation among team membe
  Performing Administrative Activities (imp:2.50 lvl:2.97) — Performing day-to-day administrative tasks such as maintaining information files
  Guiding, Directing, and Motivating Subordinates (imp:2.46 lvl:2.92) — Providing guidance and direction to subordinates, including setting performance 
  Monitoring and Controlling Resources (imp:2.38 lvl:2.95) — Monitoring and controlling resources and overseeing the spending of money.
  Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Materials (imp:2.29 lvl:2.32) — Inspecting equipment, structures, or materials to identify the cause of errors o
  Selling or Influencing Others (imp:2.14 lvl:2.20) — Convincing others to buy merchandise/goods or to otherwise change their minds or
  Drafting, Laying Out, and Specifying Technical Devices, Parts, and Equipment (imp:2.13 lvl:2.06) — Providing documentation, detailed instructions, drawings, or specifications to t
  Resolving Conflicts and Negotiating with Others (imp:2.05 lvl:2.69) — Handling complaints, settling disputes, and resolving grievances and conflicts, 
  Repairing and Maintaining Electronic Equipment (imp:2.01 lvl:2.06) — Servicing, repairing, calibrating, regulating, fine-tuning, or testing machines,
  Controlling Machines and Processes (imp:1.97 lvl:1.66) — Using either control mechanisms or direct physical activity to operate machines 
  Assisting and Caring for Others (imp:1.94 lvl:1.79) — Providing personal assistance, medical attention, emotional support, or other pe
  Staffing Organizational Units (imp:1.79) — Recruiting, interviewing, selecting, hiring, and promoting employees in an organ
  Operating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or Equipment (imp:1.77 lvl:1.21) — Running, maneuvering, navigating, or driving vehicles or mechanized equipment, s
  Handling and Moving Objects (imp:1.71 lvl:1.91) — Using hands and arms in handling, installing, positioning, and moving materials,
  Performing General Physical Activities (imp:1.54 lvl:1.21) — Performing general physical activities includes doing activities that require co
  Repairing and Maintaining Mechanical Equipment (imp:1.31) — Servicing, repairing, adjusting, and testing machines, devices, moving parts, an

--- WORK STYLES ---
  Dependability (imp:3.00) — A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related o
  Attention to Detail (imp:2.67) — A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
  Dependability (imp:2.25) — A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related o
  Intellectual Curiosity (imp:2.08) — A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep 
  Attention to Detail (imp:2.00) — A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
  Innovation (imp:1.80) — A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on 
  Achievement Orientation (imp:1.60) — A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, 
  Adaptability (imp:1.58) — A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas 
  Integrity (imp:1.57) — A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
  Cautiousness (imp:1.56) — A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related
  Perseverance (imp:1.40) — A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in 
  Cooperation (imp:1.26) — A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
  Tolerance for Ambiguity (imp:1.18) — A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
  Initiative (imp:1.02) — A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may
  Intellectual Curiosity (imp:1.00) — A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep 
  Self-Confidence (imp:0.99) — A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control 
  Stress Tolerance (imp:0.88) — A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
  Social Orientation (imp:0.70) — A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
  Sincerity (imp:0.57) — A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, withou
  Self-Control (imp:0.57) — A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in res
  Humility (imp:0.42) — A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
  Leadership Orientation (imp:0.32) — A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
  Optimism (imp:0.24) — A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even un
  Empathy (imp:0.18) — A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feel
  Innovation () — A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on 
  Achievement Orientation () — A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, 
  Tolerance for Ambiguity () — A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
  Initiative () — A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may
  Adaptability () — A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas 
  Self-Confidence () — A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control 
  Perseverance () — A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in 
  Leadership Orientation () — A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
  Humility () — A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
  Sincerity () — A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, withou
  Empathy () — A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feel
  Cooperation () — A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
  Optimism () — A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even un
  Social Orientation () — A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
  Cautiousness () — A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related
  Integrity () — A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
  Stress Tolerance () — A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
  Self-Control () — A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in res

--- TRANSFERABLE SKILLS ---
  Complex Problem Solving (imp:3.25 lvl:3.25) — Identifying complex problems and reviewing related information to develop and ev
  Judgment and Decision Making (imp:3.25 lvl:3.12) — Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential actions to choose the m
  Social Perceptiveness (imp:3.00 lvl:2.62) — Being aware of others' reactions and understanding why they react as they do.
  Coordination (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions.
  Programming (imp:2.88) — Writing computer programs for various purposes.
  Time Management (imp:2.88 lvl:2.75) — Managing one's own time and the time of others.
  Service Orientation (imp:2.75 lvl:2.62) — Actively looking for ways to help people.
  Systems Analysis (imp:2.75 lvl:2.62) — Determining how a system should work and how changes in conditions, operations, 
  Persuasion (imp:2.62 lvl:2.50) — Persuading others to change their minds or behavior.
  Management of Personnel Resources (imp:2.62 lvl:2.75) — Motivating, developing, and directing people as they work, identifying the best 
  Instructing (imp:2.38 lvl:2.88) — Teaching others how to do something.
  Systems Evaluation (imp:2.38 lvl:2.38) — Identifying measures or indicators of system performance and the actions needed 
  Negotiation (imp:2.12 lvl:2.00) — Bringing others together and trying to reconcile differences.
  Operations Monitoring (imp:2.12 lvl:1.88) — Watching gauges, dials, or other indicators to make sure a machine is working pr
  Operations Analysis (imp:1.88) — Analyzing needs and product requirements to create a design.
  Technology Design (imp:1.88 lvl:1.38) — Generating or adapting equipment and technology to serve user needs.
  Management of Financial Resources (imp:1.62 lvl:0.75) — Determining how money will be spent to get the work done, and accounting for the
  Management of Material Resources (imp:1.62 lvl:0.75) — Obtaining and seeing to the appropriate use of equipment, facilities, and materi
  Operation and Control (imp:1.50 lvl:0.88) — Controlling operations of equipment or systems.
  Quality Control Analysis (imp:1.38 lvl:0.62) — Conducting tests and inspections of products, services, or processes to evaluate
  Equipment Selection (imp:1.25 lvl:0.38) — Determining the kind of tools and equipment needed to do a job.
  Troubleshooting (imp:1.12 lvl:0.25) — Determining causes of operating errors and deciding what to do about it.
  Installation (imp:1.00) — Installing equipment, machines, wiring, or programs to meet specifications.
  Equipment Maintenance (imp:1.00) — Performing routine maintenance on equipment and determining when and what kind o
  Repairing (imp:1.00) — Repairing machines or systems using the needed tools.

--- NATIONAL WAGES ---
  total_employment : 435,370
  annual_median    : $116,580
  annual_pct10     : $55,940
  annual_pct25     : $79,370
  annual_pct75     : $157,500
  annual_pct90     : $188,470
  annual_mean      : $122,230
  hourly_median    : $56.05

--- GEOGRAPHIC DISPERSION ---
  highest_state    : District of Columbia ($156,590)
  lowest_state     : Puerto Rico ($60,470)
  dispersion_ratio : 2.590x

--- TOP STATES BY WAGE (54 total) ---
  Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services emp:  123,970  median: $ 121,310
  Federal, State, and Local Government, excluding State and Local Government Schools and Hospitals and the U.S. Postal Service (OEWS Designation) emp:   97,870  median: $ 124,530
  Information                              emp:   48,470  median: $ 131,720
  Finance and Insurance                    emp:   27,020  median: $ 131,760
  Management of Companies and Enterprises  emp:   25,080  median: $ 128,070
  Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services emp:   23,450  median: $  99,210
  Manufacturing                            emp:   23,360  median: $ 105,040
  Educational Services                     emp:   17,310  median: $  83,120
  Wholesale Trade                          emp:   12,810  median: $ 109,960
  Health Care and Social Assistance        emp:   10,490  median: $  93,010

--- TOP INDUSTRIES BY EMPLOYMENT (20 total) ---
  Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services emp:  123,970  median: $ 121,310
  Federal, State, and Local Government, excluding State and Local Government Schools and Hospitals and the U.S. Postal Service (OEWS Designation) emp:   97,870  median: $ 124,530
  Information                              emp:   48,470  median: $ 131,720
  Finance and Insurance                    emp:   27,020  median: $ 131,760
  Management of Companies and Enterprises  emp:   25,080  median: $ 128,070
  Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services emp:   23,450  median: $  99,210
  Manufacturing                            emp:   23,360  median: $ 105,040
  Educational Services                     emp:   17,310  median: $  83,120
  Wholesale Trade                          emp:   12,810  median: $ 109,960
  Health Care and Social Assistance        emp:   10,490  median: $  93,010

exact_match_status : no_exact_match
matched_title      : N/A
match_score        : 0.0000
wikidata_qid       : N/A
word_count         : 0
wikipedia_url      : N/A
license            : CC BY-SA 4.0
fetched_at         : 2026-06-02T20:24:06.736896Z

--- SEMANTIC NEIGHBORS (5) ---

  Title: Medical laboratory scientist (similarity: 0.2727)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_laboratory_scientist
  QID: Q708800
  Extract: A medical laboratory scientist (MLS), clinical laboratory scientist (CLS), or medical technologist (MT) is a licensed healthcare professional who performs diagnostic testing of body fluids, examples: blood, urine, sputum and other body tissue. The medical technologist is tasked with releasing the pa

  Title: Library (similarity: 0.1194)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Library
  QID: Q7075
  Extract: A library is a collection of books, and possibly other materials and media, that is accessible for use by its members and members of allied institutions. Libraries provide physical or digital materials, and may be a physical location, a virtual space, or both. A library's collection normally include

  Title: List of professional associations in the United Kingdom (similarity: 0.2609)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_professional_associations_in_the_United_Kingdom
  QID: Q6635003
  Extract: 

The following is a list of notable professional bodies in the United Kingdom. Many of these bodies also act as learned societies for the academic disciplines underlying their professions. The UK government has a list of professional associations approved for tax purposes. There is a separate list 

  Title: List of professional designations in the United States (similarity: 0.2105)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_professional_designations_in_the_United_States
  QID: Q17164988
  Extract: Many professional designations in the United States take the form of post-nominal letters. Professional societies or educational institutes usually award certifications. Obtaining a certificate is voluntary in some fields, but in others, certification from a government-accredited agency may be legal

  Title: Institution of Engineering and Technology (similarity: 0.3564)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institution_of_Engineering_and_Technology
  QID: Q1164410
  Extract: The Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET) is a multidisciplinary professional engineering institution. The IET was formed in 2006 from two separate institutions: the Institution of Electrical Engineers (IEE), dating back to 1871, and the Institute of Incorporated Engineers (IIE), dating ba

model_pass1          : claude-sonnet-4-20250514
model_pass2          : claude-haiku-4-5-20251001
inference_confidence : high
confidence_notes     : Strong O*NET data coverage with detailed tasks, skills, and work activities. Clear SOC classification and robust wage data from BLS. Related occupations provide good context for career pathways and skill transferability.
inferred_at          : 2026-06-03T14:06:47.581167+00:00
tokens_input         : 4,476
tokens_output        : 4,108
cost_usd             : $0.045775
wikipedia_used       : False
wikipedia_title      : None
wikipedia_note       : No exact Wikipedia match found for this specialized technical occupation. The semantic neighbors relate to general technical and laboratory roles but lack specific GIS context.

--- PROSE FIELDS ---

ROLE SUMMARY:
Geographic Information Systems Technologists and Technicians assist scientists and professionals in building, maintaining, and using GIS databases to analyze spatial data and create maps. They bridge the gap between technical GIS expertise and practical applications across government, consulting, and private sectors. These professionals combine geographic knowledge with computer skills to transform raw location data into actionable insights for decision-making.

DAY IN THE LIFE:
A typical day involves updating GIS databases with new geographic data using coordinate geometry and data entry techniques. They create maps, tables, and reports using spatial analysis procedures and GIS software like ArcGIS or QGIS. Time is spent reviewing incoming data for accuracy and completeness, then performing geospatial analysis to address scientific or business problems. They provide technical support to users, troubleshoot database issues, and may write custom code or develop applications. Communication with supervisors and clients about project requirements and findings rounds out their responsibilities.

WHO THRIVES:
Individuals who excel in this role demonstrate strong attention to detail and dependability, as geographic data accuracy is critical. They possess intellectual curiosity to learn new technologies and analytical methods continuously. Success requires combining conventional thinking (following established GIS procedures) with investigative problem-solving to interpret spatial patterns. Strong near vision and information ordering abilities help manage complex datasets and coordinate systems. Effective oral and written communication skills enable them to explain technical findings to non-technical stakeholders.

CAREER ENTRY:
Entry typically requires an associate's or bachelor's degree in geography, GIS, computer science, or related field with coursework in spatial analysis and database management. Many positions prefer 1-2 years of experience with GIS software and basic programming skills. Certifications from ESRI or other GIS vendors strengthen candidates. Some employers accept relevant internships or project work in lieu of formal experience.

CAREER TRAJECTORY:
Career advancement leads to senior GIS analyst, GIS coordinator, or database administrator roles with increased project management responsibilities. Many transition to specialized roles like cartographer, remote sensing scientist, or data scientist positions. Others move into consulting or become GIS managers overseeing teams and enterprise systems. Some pursue advanced degrees to become research geographers or academic positions.

MARKET INTELLIGENCE:
The field employs 435,370 workers nationally with a median annual wage of $116,580 according to BLS OEWS May 2025. Wages range from $55,940 at the 10th percentile to $188,470 at the 90th percentile, with significant geographic variation from Puerto Rico ($60,470) to Washington DC ($156,590). Professional, scientific, and technical services employ the most workers (123,970), followed by government (97,870) and information services (48,470). The 2.59x wage ratio between highest and lowest paying areas reflects varying demand for GIS expertise across regions. Strong job prospects exist due to increasing use of location-based analytics across industries.

AUTOMATION OUTLOOK:
Moderate automation risk exists for routine data entry and basic map production tasks, but complex spatial analysis and interpretation remain human-dependent. The high importance of analyzing data (4.6 importance, 5.7 level) and making decisions (4.2 importance, 4.8 level) suggests continued need for human judgment in interpreting geographic patterns and communicating findings to stakeholders.

--- REASONED EDGES ---
  [skill_overlap] Surveying and Mapping Technicians (17-3031.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both roles require high geography knowledge (4.7 importance) and work extensively with spatial data collection and mapping technologies.
    data: Geography knowledge 4.7 importance
    data: spatial analysis procedures
    data: mapping technologies
  [task_similarity] Data Scientists (15-2051.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both roles analyze data to identify trends (4.6 importance) and perform complex data analysis using specialized software and programming skills.
    data: Analyzing Data or Information 4.6 importance
    data: Programming transferable skill 2.9
    data: data analysis procedures
  [knowledge_overlap] Cartographers and Photogrammetrists (17-1021.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Shared high geography knowledge (4.7 importance) and design knowledge (3.4 importance) for creating maps and visual representations of geographic data.
    data: Geography knowledge 4.7 importance
    data: Design knowledge 3.4 importance
    data: graphic representations of GIS data
  [riasec_cluster] Geographers (19-3092.00) — confidence:medium
    reasoning: Both exhibit investigative (5.19) and conventional (5.88) orientations, combining analytical research with systematic data processing approaches.
    data: RIASEC I:5.19
    data: RIASEC C:5.88
    data: scientific problem analysis
  [career_pathway] Database Architects (15-1243.00) — confidence:medium
    reasoning: GIS technicians commonly advance to database architecture roles given their experience with spatial databases and system design knowledge.
    data: database maintenance and modification
    data: integrated GIS spatial databases
    data: Job Zone 3 advancement potential
  [transferable_skill] Computer Systems Analysts (15-1211.00) — confidence:medium
    reasoning: Strong computer and electronics knowledge (4.5 importance) and complex problem solving skills (3.2) transfer well to systems analysis roles.
    data: Computers and Electronics knowledge 4.5 importance
    data: Complex Problem Solving 3.2
    data: system integration experience

--- NORMALIZER SIGNALS ---
  match_keywords   : ['GIS technician', 'geographic information systems', 'geospatial analysis', 'spatial data', 'cartographic technician', 'GIS analyst', 'mapping technician', 'GIS coordinator']
  exclude_keywords : ['surveyor', 'cartographer', 'remote sensing specialist', 'geographer', 'data scientist']
  title_patterns   : ['GIS', 'Geographic Information', 'Geospatial', 'Cartographic Technician', 'Mapping Technician']
  common_variations: ['GIS Tech', 'GIS Technician', 'GIS Data Specialist', 'Geospatial Technician', 'GIS Application Specialist', 'GIS Database Administrator', 'Field GIS Technician', 'Conversion Specialist']

total_terms    : 40
top_words      : ['others', 'tendency', 'gis', 'equipment', 'geographic', 'software', 'applications', 'computer', 'design', 'technical', 'principles', 'analysis', 'procedures', 'materials', 'includes', 'techniques', 'problems', 'control', 'objects', 'body']
source_layers  : onet_tasks | onet_dimensions | dwas | wikipedia | inference

TERM                    COUNT     FREQ  DOMINANT SOURCE      SOURCE BREAKDOWN
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
others                     43  0.01466  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:88%  dwas:7%  wikipedia:2%
tendency                   42  0.01431  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
gis                        33  0.01125  onet_tasks           onet_tasks:58%  inference:39%  dwas:3%
equipment                  28  0.00954  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:82%  onet_tasks:18%
geographic                 26  0.00886  onet_tasks           onet_tasks:73%  inference:23%  dwas:4%
software                   20  0.00682  onet_tasks           onet_tasks:45%  dwas:30%  onet_dimensions:15%
applications               20  0.00682  onet_tasks           onet_tasks:50%  onet_dimensions:20%  dwas:20%
computer                   17  0.00579  dwas                 dwas:59%  onet_dimensions:18%  onet_tasks:12%
design                     16  0.00545  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:38%  onet_tasks:31%  dwas:31%
technical                  16  0.00545  inference            inference:44%  onet_tasks:19%  onet_dimensions:19%
principles                 16  0.00545  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
analysis                   15  0.00511  onet_tasks           onet_tasks:33%  onet_dimensions:27%  inference:27%
procedures                 14  0.00477  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:57%  onet_tasks:29%  inference:14%
materials                  14  0.00477  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:71%  wikipedia:21%  onet_tasks:7%
includes                   14  0.00477  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:86%  wikipedia:14%
techniques                 12  0.00409  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:83%  onet_tasks:8%  inference:8%
problems                   12  0.00409  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:75%  onet_tasks:17%  inference:8%
control                    12  0.00409  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
objects                    12  0.00409  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
body                       12  0.00409  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:83%  wikipedia:17%
databases                  11  0.00375  onet_tasks           onet_tasks:45%  dwas:27%  inference:18%
ideas                      11  0.00375  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
spatial                    10  0.00341  inference            inference:50%  onet_tasks:40%  onet_dimensions:10%
technology                 10  0.00341  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:40%  onet_tasks:30%  dwas:20%
visual                     10  0.00341  dwas                 dwas:60%  onet_dimensions:30%  onet_tasks:10%
resources                  10  0.00341  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:90%  wikipedia:10%
activities                 10  0.00341  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:90%  dwas:10%
human                       9  0.00307  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:78%  inference:22%
production                  9  0.00307  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:89%  inference:11%
management                  9  0.00307  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:78%  inference:22%
quickly                     9  0.00307  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
orientation                 9  0.00307  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
performing                  9  0.00307  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:89%  inference:11%
representations             8  0.00273  dwas                 dwas:75%  onet_tasks:25%
maintenance                 8  0.00273  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:50%  onet_tasks:25%  dwas:25%
quality                     8  0.00273  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:75%  onet_tasks:12%  dwas:12%
needed                      8  0.00273  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:88%  onet_tasks:12%
create                      8  0.00273  dwas                 dwas:38%  onet_tasks:25%  inference:25%
needs                       8  0.00273  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
problem                     8  0.00273  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:88%  inference:12%