[Core] Produce drawings, using computer-assisted drafting systems (CAD) or drafting machines, or by hand, using compasses, dividers, protractors, triangles, and other drafting devices.
  DWAs: Create graphical representations of civil structures.

[Core] Draft plans and detailed drawings for structures, installations, and construction projects, such as highways, sewage disposal systems, and dikes, working from sketches or notes.
  DWAs: Create graphical representations of civil structures.

[Core] Coordinate structural, electrical, and mechanical designs and determine a method of presentation to graphically represent building plans.
  DWAs: Create graphical representations of structures or landscapes.

[Core] Analyze building codes, by-laws, space and site requirements, and other technical documents and reports to determine their effect on architectural designs.
  DWAs: Evaluate technical data to determine effect on designs or plans.

[Core] Draw maps, diagrams, and profiles, using cross-sections and surveys, to represent elevations, topographical contours, subsurface formations, and structures.
  DWAs: Create maps.

[Core] Lay out and plan interior room arrangements for commercial buildings, using computer-assisted drafting (CAD) equipment and software.
  DWAs: Create graphical representations of structures or landscapes.

[Core] Supervise and train other technologists, technicians, and drafters.
  DWAs: Supervise engineering or other technical personnel.

[Core] Determine the order of work and method of presentation, such as orthographic or isometric drawing.
  DWAs: Prepare detailed work plans.

[Core] Finish and duplicate drawings and documentation packages according to required mediums and specifications for reproduction, using blueprinting, photography, or other duplicating methods.
  DWAs: Create graphical representations of civil structures.

[Core] Draw rough and detailed scale plans for foundations, buildings, and structures, based on preliminary concepts, sketches, engineering calculations, specification sheets, and other data.
  DWAs: Create graphical representations of structures or landscapes.

[Core] Correlate, interpret, and modify data obtained from topographical surveys, well logs, and geophysical prospecting reports.
  DWAs: Analyze operational data to evaluate operations, processes or products.

[Core] Check dimensions of materials to be used and assign numbers to lists of materials.
  DWAs: Verify mathematical calculations.

[Core] Determine procedures and instructions to be followed, according to design specifications and quantity of required materials.
  DWAs: Determine operational methods.

[Core] Supervise or conduct field surveys, inspections, or technical investigations to obtain data required to revise construction drawings.
  DWAs: Survey land or bodies of water to measure or determine features.

[Core] Explain drawings to production or construction teams and provide adjustments as necessary.
  DWAs: Explain engineering drawings, specifications, or other technical information.

[Core] Obtain and assemble data to complete architectural designs, visiting job sites to compile measurements as necessary.
  DWAs: Collect data about project sites.

[Core] Determine quality, cost, strength, and quantity of required materials, and enter figures on materials lists.
  DWAs: Estimate operational costs. | Estimate technical or resource requirements for development or production projects. | Prepare procedural documents.

[Core] Locate and identify symbols on topographical surveys to denote geological and geophysical formations or oil field installations.
  DWAs: Review technical documents to plan work.

[Core] Create freehand drawings and lettering to accompany drawings.
  DWAs: Create graphical representations of structures or landscapes.

[Core] Calculate excavation tonnage and prepare graphs and fill-hauling diagrams for use in earth-moving operations.
  DWAs: Analyze costs and benefits of proposed designs or projects. | Estimate technical or resource requirements for development or production projects. | Prepare procedural documents.

[Core] Prepare colored drawings of landscape and interior designs for presentation to client.
  DWAs: Create graphical representations of structures or landscapes.

[Core] Calculate weights, volumes, and stress factors and their implications for technical aspects of designs.
  DWAs: Estimate technical or resource requirements for development or production projects.

[Supplemental] Plot characteristics of boreholes for oil and gas wells from photographic subsurface survey recordings and other data, representing depth, degree, and direction of inclination.
  DWAs: Create graphical representations of energy production systems.

[Supplemental] Reproduce drawings on copy machines or trace copies of plans and drawings, using transparent paper or cloth, ink, pencil, and standard drafting instruments.
  DWAs: Create graphical representations of structures or landscapes.

[Supplemental] Calculate heat loss and gain of buildings and structures to determine required equipment specifications, following standard procedures.
  DWAs: Estimate operational costs.

[None] Prepare cost estimates, contracts, bidding documents, and technical reports for specific projects under an architect's or engineer's supervision.
  DWAs: Estimate operational costs. | Prepare technical reports for internal use. | Prepare contracts, disclosures, or applications.

[None] Represent architect or engineer on construction site, ensuring builder compliance with design specifications and advising on design corrections, under supervision.
  DWAs: Monitor processes for compliance with standards. | Provide technical guidance to other personnel. | Recommend technical design or process changes to improve efficiency, quality, or performance.

[None] Review rough sketches, drawings, specifications, and other engineering data to ensure that they conform to design concepts.
  DWAs: Review details of technical drawings or specifications. | Evaluate designs or specifications to ensure quality.

[EMERGING:New] Use drone technology to capture aerial views and topographical data for civil engineering projects.

--- SKILLS ---
  Reading Comprehension (imp:3.62 lvl:3.75) — Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work-related documents.
  Writing (imp:3.38 lvl:3.50) — Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the audienc
  Critical Thinking (imp:3.38 lvl:3.62) — Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternativ
  Active Learning (imp:3.38 lvl:3.50) — Understanding the implications of new information for both current and future pr
  Active Listening (imp:3.25 lvl:3.50) — Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand
  Mathematics (imp:3.25 lvl:3.50) — Using mathematics to solve problems.
  Monitoring (imp:3.25 lvl:3.12) — Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or organization
  Speaking (imp:3.12 lvl:3.25) — Talking to others to convey information effectively.
  Learning Strategies (imp:3.00 lvl:2.88) — Selecting and using training/instructional methods and procedures appropriate fo
  Science (imp:2.50) — Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems.

--- KNOWLEDGE ---
  Design (imp:4.32 lvl:6.01) — Knowledge of design techniques, tools, and principles involved in production of 
  Building and Construction (imp:4.25 lvl:5.02) — Knowledge of materials, methods, and the tools involved in the construction or r
  Engineering and Technology (imp:4.19 lvl:5.44) — Knowledge of the practical application of engineering science and technology. Th
  English Language (imp:3.81 lvl:3.94) — Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the mea
  Computers and Electronics (imp:3.79 lvl:4.81) — Knowledge of circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and comput
  Mathematics (imp:3.58 lvl:4.12) — Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their appl
  Public Safety and Security (imp:3.13 lvl:3.29) — Knowledge of relevant equipment, policies, procedures, and strategies to promote
  Administration and Management (imp:3.03 lvl:3.35) — Knowledge of business and management principles involved in strategic planning, 
  Customer and Personal Service (imp:3.03 lvl:3.25) — Knowledge of principles and processes for providing customer and personal servic
  Geography (imp:2.86 lvl:3.58) — Knowledge of principles and methods for describing the features of land, sea, an
  Education and Training (imp:2.83 lvl:3.48) — Knowledge of principles and methods for curriculum and training design, teaching
  Law and Government (imp:2.79 lvl:2.66) — Knowledge of laws, legal codes, court procedures, precedents, government regulat
  Sales and Marketing (imp:2.62 lvl:2.38) — Knowledge of principles and methods for showing, promoting, and selling products
  Physics (imp:2.62 lvl:2.70) — Knowledge and prediction of physical principles, laws, their interrelationships,
  Mechanical (imp:2.52 lvl:2.77) — Knowledge of machines and tools, including their designs, uses, repair, and main
  Production and Processing (imp:2.49 lvl:2.38) — Knowledge of raw materials, production processes, quality control, costs, and ot
  Administrative (imp:2.46 lvl:3.08) — Knowledge of administrative and office procedures and systems such as word proce
  Transportation (imp:2.41 lvl:2.46) — Knowledge of principles and methods for moving people or goods by air, rail, sea
  Communications and Media (imp:2.32 lvl:2.27) — Knowledge of media production, communication, and dissemination techniques and m
  Economics and Accounting (imp:2.07 lvl:1.42) — Knowledge of economic and accounting principles and practices, the financial mar
  Telecommunications (imp:2.06 lvl:1.67) — Knowledge of transmission, broadcasting, switching, control, and operation of te
  Personnel and Human Resources (imp:1.80 lvl:1.49) — Knowledge of principles and procedures for personnel recruitment, selection, tra
  Chemistry (imp:1.64 lvl:1.47) — Knowledge of the chemical composition, structure, and properties of substances a
  Fine Arts (imp:1.60 lvl:1.33) — Knowledge of the theory and techniques required to compose, produce, and perform
  Foreign Language (imp:1.57 lvl:1.38) — Knowledge of the structure and content of a foreign (non-English) language inclu
  Psychology (imp:1.49 lvl:1.17) — Knowledge of human behavior and performance; individual differences in ability, 
  History and Archeology (imp:1.48 lvl:0.93) — Knowledge of historical events and their causes, indicators, and effects on civi
  Philosophy and Theology (imp:1.48 lvl:0.97) — Knowledge of different philosophical systems and religions. This includes their 
  Biology (imp:1.44 lvl:0.85) — Knowledge of plant and animal organisms, their tissues, cells, functions, interd
  Sociology and Anthropology (imp:1.39 lvl:0.68) — Knowledge of group behavior and dynamics, societal trends and influences, human 
  Medicine and Dentistry (imp:1.39 lvl:0.65) — Knowledge of the information and techniques needed to diagnose and treat human i
  Therapy and Counseling (imp:1.26 lvl:0.53) — Knowledge of principles, methods, and procedures for diagnosis, treatment, and r
  Food Production (imp:1.05 lvl:0.10) — Knowledge of techniques and equipment for planting, growing, and harvesting food

--- ABILITIES ---
  Oral Comprehension (imp:3.62 lvl:3.88) — The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through 
  Written Comprehension (imp:3.62 lvl:3.75) — The ability to read and understand information and ideas presented in writing.
  Written Expression (imp:3.62 lvl:3.50) — The ability to communicate information and ideas in writing so others will under
  Visualization (imp:3.62 lvl:4.00) — The ability to imagine how something will look after it is moved around or when 
  Near Vision (imp:3.62 lvl:3.75) — The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the observer).
  Deductive Reasoning (imp:3.50 lvl:3.62) — The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that 
  Oral Expression (imp:3.38 lvl:3.75) — The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will unde
  Fluency of Ideas (imp:3.38 lvl:3.25) — The ability to come up with a number of ideas about a topic (the number of ideas
  Originality (imp:3.38 lvl:3.12) — The ability to come up with unusual or clever ideas about a given topic or situa
  Inductive Reasoning (imp:3.38 lvl:3.25) — The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusion
  Information Ordering (imp:3.38 lvl:3.50) — The ability to arrange things or actions in a certain order or pattern according
  Category Flexibility (imp:3.38 lvl:3.38) — The ability to generate or use different sets of rules for combining or grouping
  Mathematical Reasoning (imp:3.38 lvl:3.25) — The ability to choose the right mathematical methods or formulas to solve a prob
  Problem Sensitivity (imp:3.12 lvl:3.38) — The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does no
  Flexibility of Closure (imp:3.12 lvl:3.25) — The ability to identify or detect a known pattern (a figure, object, word, or so
  Selective Attention (imp:3.12 lvl:3.25) — The ability to concentrate on a task over a period of time without being distrac
  Number Facility (imp:3.00 lvl:3.12) — The ability to add, subtract, multiply, or divide quickly and correctly.
  Speech Recognition (imp:3.00 lvl:3.25) — The ability to identify and understand the speech of another person.
  Speech Clarity (imp:3.00 lvl:3.12) — The ability to speak clearly so others can understand you.
  Far Vision (imp:2.88 lvl:3.38) — The ability to see details at a distance.
  Visual Color Discrimination (imp:2.88 lvl:3.38) — The ability to match or detect differences between colors, including shades of c
  Speed of Closure (imp:2.75 lvl:3.12) — The ability to quickly make sense of, combine, and organize information into mea
  Perceptual Speed (imp:2.62 lvl:2.38) — The ability to quickly and accurately compare similarities and differences among
  Memorization (imp:2.50 lvl:2.62) — The ability to remember information such as words, numbers, pictures, and proced
  Arm-Hand Steadiness (imp:2.50 lvl:2.25) — The ability to keep your hand and arm steady while moving your arm or while hold
  Trunk Strength (imp:2.50 lvl:2.25) — The ability to use your abdominal and lower back muscles to support part of the 
  Time Sharing (imp:2.38 lvl:2.38) — The ability to shift back and forth between two or more activities or sources of
  Manual Dexterity (imp:2.38 lvl:1.88) — The ability to quickly move your hand, your hand together with your arm, or your
  Finger Dexterity (imp:2.38) — The ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the fingers of one or bot
  Control Precision (imp:2.38 lvl:2.00) — The ability to quickly and repeatedly adjust the controls of a machine or a vehi
  Auditory Attention (imp:2.25 lvl:2.00) — The ability to focus on a single source of sound in the presence of other distra
  Wrist-Finger Speed (imp:2.12) — The ability to make fast, simple, repeated movements of the fingers, hands, and 
  Hearing Sensitivity (imp:2.12 lvl:2.12) — The ability to detect or tell the differences between sounds that vary in pitch 
  Depth Perception (imp:1.88 lvl:1.75) — The ability to judge which of several objects is closer or farther away from you
  Dynamic Strength (imp:1.75 lvl:1.00) — The ability to exert muscle force repeatedly or continuously over time. This inv
  Spatial Orientation (imp:1.50 lvl:0.75) — The ability to know your location in relation to the environment or to know wher
  Multilimb Coordination (imp:1.25 lvl:0.38) — The ability to coordinate two or more limbs (for example, two arms, two legs, or
  Response Orientation (imp:1.25 lvl:0.38) — The ability to choose quickly between two or more movements in response to two o
  Rate Control (imp:1.25 lvl:0.38) — The ability to time your movements or the movement of a piece of equipment in an
  Reaction Time (imp:1.25 lvl:0.38) — The ability to quickly respond (with the hand, finger, or foot) to a signal (sou
  Speed of Limb Movement (imp:1.25 lvl:0.38) — The ability to quickly move the arms and legs.
  Static Strength (imp:1.25 lvl:0.38) — The ability to exert maximum muscle force to lift, push, pull, or carry objects.
  Explosive Strength (imp:1.25 lvl:0.38) — The ability to use short bursts of muscle force to propel oneself (as in jumping
  Stamina (imp:1.25 lvl:0.38) — The ability to exert yourself physically over long periods of time without getti
  Extent Flexibility (imp:1.25 lvl:0.38) — The ability to bend, stretch, twist, or reach with your body, arms, and/or legs.
  Dynamic Flexibility (imp:1.25 lvl:0.38) — The ability to quickly and repeatedly bend, stretch, twist, or reach out with yo
  Gross Body Coordination (imp:1.25 lvl:0.38) — The ability to coordinate the movement of your arms, legs, and torso together wh
  Gross Body Equilibrium (imp:1.25 lvl:0.38) — The ability to keep or regain your body balance or stay upright when in an unsta
  Peripheral Vision (imp:1.25 lvl:0.50) — The ability to see objects or movement of objects to one's side when the eyes ar
  Night Vision (imp:1.12 lvl:0.25) — The ability to see under low-light conditions.
  Glare Sensitivity (imp:1.00) — The ability to see objects in the presence of a glare or bright lighting.
  Sound Localization (imp:1.00) — The ability to tell the direction from which a sound originated.

--- WORK ACTIVITIES ---
  Working with Computers (imp:4.77 lvl:4.30) — Using computers and computer systems (including hardware and software) to progra
  Drafting, Laying Out, and Specifying Technical Devices, Parts, and Equipment (imp:4.58 lvl:5.46) — Providing documentation, detailed instructions, drawings, or specifications to t
  Getting Information (imp:4.36 lvl:4.16) — Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from all relevant sour
  Evaluating Information to Determine Compliance with Standards (imp:4.32 lvl:4.32) — Using relevant information and individual judgment to determine whether events o
  Making Decisions and Solving Problems (imp:3.97 lvl:4.16) — Analyzing information and evaluating results to choose the best solution and sol
  Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates (imp:3.89 lvl:4.15) — Providing information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone,
  Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge (imp:3.84 lvl:5.54) — Keeping up-to-date technically and applying new knowledge to your job.
  Thinking Creatively (imp:3.83 lvl:4.66) — Developing, designing, or creating new applications, ideas, relationships, syste
  Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work (imp:3.69 lvl:4.24) — Developing specific goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and accomplish your
  Documenting/Recording Information (imp:3.67 lvl:3.48) — Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining information in writte
  Processing Information (imp:3.63 lvl:4.52) — Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, or verifying
  Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events (imp:3.54 lvl:3.58) — Identifying information by categorizing, estimating, recognizing differences or 
  Analyzing Data or Information (imp:3.48 lvl:3.99) — Identifying the underlying principles, reasons, or facts of information by break
  Communicating with People Outside the Organization (imp:3.37 lvl:3.58) — Communicating with people outside the organization, representing the organizatio
  Estimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or Information (imp:3.31 lvl:3.41) — Estimating sizes, distances, and quantities; or determining time, costs, resourc
  Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships (imp:3.28 lvl:4.46) — Developing constructive and cooperative working relationships with others, and m
  Scheduling Work and Activities (imp:3.21 lvl:3.16) — Scheduling events, programs, and activities, as well as the work of others.
  Monitoring Processes, Materials, or Surroundings (imp:3.13 lvl:3.73) — Monitoring and reviewing information from materials, events, or the environment,
  Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others (imp:3.00 lvl:2.86) — Translating or explaining what information means and how it can be used.
  Providing Consultation and Advice to Others (imp:2.99 lvl:3.19) — Providing guidance and expert advice to management or other groups on technical,
  Coordinating the Work and Activities of Others (imp:2.92 lvl:4.17) — Getting members of a group to work together to accomplish tasks.
  Developing Objectives and Strategies (imp:2.83 lvl:2.67) — Establishing long-range objectives and specifying the strategies and actions to 
  Judging the Qualities of Objects, Services, or People (imp:2.73 lvl:2.75) — Assessing the value, importance, or quality of things or people.
  Developing and Building Teams (imp:2.67 lvl:2.78) — Encouraging and building mutual trust, respect, and cooperation among team membe
  Guiding, Directing, and Motivating Subordinates (imp:2.67 lvl:2.65) — Providing guidance and direction to subordinates, including setting performance 
  Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Materials (imp:2.62 lvl:2.33) — Inspecting equipment, structures, or materials to identify the cause of errors o
  Resolving Conflicts and Negotiating with Others (imp:2.60 lvl:2.54) — Handling complaints, settling disputes, and resolving grievances and conflicts, 
  Training and Teaching Others (imp:2.58 lvl:2.92) — Identifying the educational needs of others, developing formal educational or tr
  Coaching and Developing Others (imp:2.42 lvl:2.97) — Identifying the developmental needs of others and coaching, mentoring, or otherw
  Performing Administrative Activities (imp:2.34 lvl:3.03) — Performing day-to-day administrative tasks such as maintaining information files
  Performing for or Working Directly with the Public (imp:2.13 lvl:2.02) — Performing for people or dealing directly with the public. This includes serving
  Selling or Influencing Others (imp:2.10 lvl:1.69) — Convincing others to buy merchandise/goods or to otherwise change their minds or
  Assisting and Caring for Others (imp:1.93 lvl:1.79) — Providing personal assistance, medical attention, emotional support, or other pe
  Staffing Organizational Units (imp:1.74 lvl:1.22) — Recruiting, interviewing, selecting, hiring, and promoting employees in an organ
  Monitoring and Controlling Resources (imp:1.74) — Monitoring and controlling resources and overseeing the spending of money.
  Performing General Physical Activities (imp:1.72 lvl:1.17) — Performing general physical activities includes doing activities that require co
  Repairing and Maintaining Electronic Equipment (imp:1.60) — Servicing, repairing, calibrating, regulating, fine-tuning, or testing machines,
  Operating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or Equipment (imp:1.59 lvl:0.81) — Running, maneuvering, navigating, or driving vehicles or mechanized equipment, s
  Controlling Machines and Processes (imp:1.46) — Using either control mechanisms or direct physical activity to operate machines 
  Handling and Moving Objects (imp:1.44 lvl:1.27) — Using hands and arms in handling, installing, positioning, and moving materials,
  Repairing and Maintaining Mechanical Equipment (imp:1.16) — Servicing, repairing, adjusting, and testing machines, devices, moving parts, an

--- WORK STYLES ---
  Attention to Detail (imp:2.77) — A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
  Dependability (imp:2.25) — A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related o
  Dependability (imp:2.00) — A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related o
  Cautiousness (imp:1.99) — A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related
  Achievement Orientation (imp:1.60) — A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, 
  Integrity (imp:1.34) — A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
  Intellectual Curiosity (imp:1.23) — A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep 
  Perseverance (imp:1.18) — A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in 
  Innovation (imp:1.10) — A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on 
  Adaptability (imp:1.02) — A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas 
  Self-Confidence (imp:1.02) — A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control 
  Attention to Detail (imp:1.00) — A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
  Stress Tolerance (imp:0.86) — A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
  Cooperation (imp:0.71) — A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
  Initiative (imp:0.63) — A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may
  Self-Control (imp:0.61) — A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in res
  Leadership Orientation (imp:0.23) — A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
  Tolerance for Ambiguity (imp:0.22) — A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
  Sincerity (imp:0.17) — A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, withou
  Social Orientation (imp:0.07) — A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
  Optimism (imp:0.06) — A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even un
  Humility (imp:0.03) — A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
  Innovation () — A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on 
  Achievement Orientation () — A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, 
  Intellectual Curiosity () — A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep 
  Tolerance for Ambiguity () — A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
  Initiative () — A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may
  Adaptability () — A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas 
  Self-Confidence () — A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control 
  Perseverance () — A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in 
  Leadership Orientation () — A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
  Humility () — A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
  Sincerity () — A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, withou
  Empathy () — A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feel
  Cooperation () — A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
  Optimism () — A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even un
  Social Orientation () — A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
  Cautiousness () — A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related
  Integrity () — A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
  Stress Tolerance () — A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
  Self-Control () — A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in res
  Empathy (imp:-0.02) — A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feel

--- TRANSFERABLE SKILLS ---
  Complex Problem Solving (imp:3.50 lvl:3.75) — Identifying complex problems and reviewing related information to develop and ev
  Systems Analysis (imp:3.50 lvl:3.50) — Determining how a system should work and how changes in conditions, operations, 
  Time Management (imp:3.25 lvl:3.12) — Managing one's own time and the time of others.
  Coordination (imp:3.12 lvl:3.12) — Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions.
  Instructing (imp:3.12 lvl:3.38) — Teaching others how to do something.
  Judgment and Decision Making (imp:3.12 lvl:3.12) — Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential actions to choose the m
  Social Perceptiveness (imp:3.00 lvl:2.88) — Being aware of others' reactions and understanding why they react as they do.
  Service Orientation (imp:2.88 lvl:2.88) — Actively looking for ways to help people.
  Persuasion (imp:2.75 lvl:2.75) — Persuading others to change their minds or behavior.
  Negotiation (imp:2.75 lvl:2.62) — Bringing others together and trying to reconcile differences.
  Systems Evaluation (imp:2.75 lvl:3.12) — Identifying measures or indicators of system performance and the actions needed 
  Management of Personnel Resources (imp:2.62 lvl:3.00) — Motivating, developing, and directing people as they work, identifying the best 
  Quality Control Analysis (imp:2.50 lvl:2.25) — Conducting tests and inspections of products, services, or processes to evaluate
  Programming (imp:2.38) — Writing computer programs for various purposes.
  Operations Monitoring (imp:2.38 lvl:2.00) — Watching gauges, dials, or other indicators to make sure a machine is working pr
  Operations Analysis (imp:2.25 lvl:2.25) — Analyzing needs and product requirements to create a design.
  Technology Design (imp:2.25) — Generating or adapting equipment and technology to serve user needs.
  Troubleshooting (imp:2.00 lvl:1.62) — Determining causes of operating errors and deciding what to do about it.
  Management of Financial Resources (imp:1.88 lvl:1.75) — Determining how money will be spent to get the work done, and accounting for the
  Management of Material Resources (imp:1.88 lvl:1.38) — Obtaining and seeing to the appropriate use of equipment, facilities, and materi
  Equipment Selection (imp:1.62 lvl:0.75) — Determining the kind of tools and equipment needed to do a job.
  Operation and Control (imp:1.50 lvl:0.62) — Controlling operations of equipment or systems.
  Installation (imp:1.25 lvl:0.38) — Installing equipment, machines, wiring, or programs to meet specifications.
  Equipment Maintenance (imp:1.25 lvl:0.38) — Performing routine maintenance on equipment and determining when and what kind o
  Repairing (imp:1.25 lvl:0.38) — Repairing machines or systems using the needed tools.

--- NATIONAL WAGES ---
  total_employment : 103,700
  annual_median    : $66,150
  annual_pct10     : $46,260
  annual_pct25     : $55,650
  annual_pct75     : $80,870
  annual_pct90     : $99,710
  annual_mean      : $70,740
  hourly_median    : $31.80

--- GEOGRAPHIC DISPERSION ---
  highest_state    : District of Columbia ($97,880)
  lowest_state     : Puerto Rico ($44,720)
  dispersion_ratio : 2.189x

--- TOP STATES BY WAGE (52 total) ---
  Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services emp:   75,130  median: $  65,890
  Construction                             emp:   12,480  median: $  68,130
  Manufacturing                            emp:    6,810  median: $  62,910
  Management of Companies and Enterprises  emp:    2,150  median: $  77,500
  Federal, State, and Local Government, excluding State and Local Government Schools and Hospitals and the U.S. Postal Service (OEWS Designation) emp:    1,810  median: $  66,590
  Wholesale Trade                          emp:    1,720  median: $  78,440
  Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services emp:    1,310  median: $  63,320
  Retail Trade                             emp:      750  median: $  56,880
  Information                              emp:      410  median: $  52,270
  Real Estate and Rental and Leasing       emp:      310  median: $  72,440

--- TOP INDUSTRIES BY EMPLOYMENT (15 total) ---
  Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services emp:   75,130  median: $  65,890
  Construction                             emp:   12,480  median: $  68,130
  Manufacturing                            emp:    6,810  median: $  62,910
  Management of Companies and Enterprises  emp:    2,150  median: $  77,500
  Federal, State, and Local Government, excluding State and Local Government Schools and Hospitals and the U.S. Postal Service (OEWS Designation) emp:    1,810  median: $  66,590
  Wholesale Trade                          emp:    1,720  median: $  78,440
  Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services emp:    1,310  median: $  63,320
  Retail Trade                             emp:      750  median: $  56,880
  Information                              emp:      410  median: $  52,270
  Real Estate and Rental and Leasing       emp:      310  median: $  72,440

exact_match_status : no_exact_match
matched_title      : N/A
match_score        : 0.0000
wikidata_qid       : N/A
word_count         : 0
wikipedia_url      : N/A
license            : CC BY-SA 4.0
fetched_at         : 2026-06-02T20:37:31.019058Z

--- SEMANTIC NEIGHBORS (5) ---

  Title: Drafter (similarity: 0.3590)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drafter
  QID: Q683754
  Extract: A drafter is an engineering technician who makes detailed technical drawings or CAD designs for machinery, buildings, electronics, infrastructure, sections, etc. Drafters use computer software and manual sketches to convert the designs, plans, and layouts of engineers and architects into a set of te

  Title: Software engineering demographics (similarity: 0.1846)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_engineering_demographics
  QID: Q7554291
  Extract: Software engineers make up a significant portion of the global workforce. As of 2022, there are an estimated 26.9 million professional software engineers worldwide, up from 21 million in 2016.

  Title: Civil drawing (similarity: 0.4000)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_drawing
  QID: Q5124658
  Extract: A civil drawing, or site drawing, is a type of technical drawing that shows information about grading, landscaping, or other site details. These drawings are intended to give a clear picture of all things in a construction site to a civil engineer.

  Title: Women in the United States (similarity: 0.3448)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women_in_the_United_States
  QID: Q17514041
  Extract: The legal status of women in the United States has advanced significantly over the past two centuries, but not yet equal to that of men in comparison to other high-income democracies.

  Title: Civil engineering (similarity: 0.3265)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_engineering
  QID: Q77590
  Extract: Civil engineering is a professional engineering discipline that deals with the design, construction, and maintenance of the physical and naturally built environment, including public works such as roads, bridges, canals, dams, airports, sewage systems, pipelines, structural components of buildings, 

model_pass1          : claude-sonnet-4-20250514
model_pass2          : claude-haiku-4-5-20251001
inference_confidence : high
confidence_notes     : High confidence based on comprehensive O*NET data including detailed work activities, skills, and knowledge areas. BLS wage data provides robust market intelligence. Limited Wikipedia context reduces some background depth but core technical specifications are well-documented.
inferred_at          : 2026-06-03T15:00:59.571275+00:00
tokens_input         : 4,507
tokens_output        : 4,264
cost_usd             : $0.047440
wikipedia_used       : False
wikipedia_title      : None
wikipedia_note       : No exact Wikipedia match found for Architectural and Civil Drafters. The closest semantic neighbors include 'Civil drawing' (0.400 similarity) and 'Drafter' (0.359 similarity), providing relevant but limited context about technical drawing practices.

--- PROSE FIELDS ---

ROLE SUMMARY:
Architectural and Civil Drafters create detailed technical drawings and plans for buildings, infrastructure, and civil engineering projects using computer-aided design (CAD) software and traditional drafting methods. They translate architectural and engineering concepts into precise, scalable drawings that guide construction of highways, bridges, buildings, and other structures. These professionals must understand building codes, construction materials, and engineering principles to produce accurate technical documentation.

DAY IN THE LIFE:
Drafters spend most of their time working with CAD systems like AutoCAD Civil 3D to produce detailed drawings of structural features, floor plans, and topographical maps. They analyze building codes and technical specifications to ensure compliance, coordinate with engineers and architects to integrate mechanical, electrical, and structural elements into comprehensive drawings. Tasks include creating orthographic and isometric drawings, preparing documentation packages for reproduction, and updating drawings based on design changes. Many also supervise junior drafters and technicians, review survey data to create accurate site plans, and increasingly use drone technology to capture aerial topographical data.

WHO THRIVES:
This role suits detail-oriented individuals with strong spatial visualization abilities and technical precision. Successful drafters combine realistic problem-solving skills with conventional organizational abilities, as reflected in the high Realistic (5.54) and Conventional (4.89) RIASEC scores. They excel at reading comprehension and critical thinking, can work independently on complex technical projects, and maintain high standards for accuracy. The role attracts people who enjoy working with technology and technical systems, have patience for meticulous work, and can communicate effectively with engineering teams.

CAREER ENTRY:
Most architectural and civil drafters enter through associate degree programs in drafting technology, architectural drafting, or civil engineering technology, though some positions accept certificates or on-the-job training. Job Zone 3 classification indicates medium preparation needs, typically 1-2 years of training or experience. Strong foundation in mathematics, computer skills, and familiarity with CAD software are essential. Many employers prefer candidates with coursework in building codes, construction materials, and engineering principles.

CAREER TRAJECTORY:
Experienced drafters often advance to senior drafter positions, CAD specialists, or design technicians with increased responsibility for project coordination and training others. Career progression may lead to supervisory roles managing drafting departments, transitioning to civil engineering technician positions, or specializing in emerging areas like Building Information Modeling (BIM). Some pursue additional education to become architects, civil engineers, or architectural and engineering managers, leveraging their practical drafting experience and technical knowledge.

MARKET INTELLIGENCE:
According to BLS OEWS May 2025 data, architectural and civil drafters earn a median annual wage of $66,150, with employment of 103,700 nationally and salary range from $46,260 to $99,710. The highest wages are in Washington DC at $97,880, while Puerto Rico offers the lowest at $44,720, showing significant geographic variation. Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services employs the majority (75,130), followed by Construction (12,480) and Manufacturing (6,810). Job market remains stable as infrastructure investment and building construction create steady demand for technical drawing expertise.

AUTOMATION OUTLOOK:
While CAD software has transformed the field, human expertise remains essential for interpreting complex engineering requirements and making design decisions. The emphasis on evaluating compliance with standards, creative thinking, and coordination with multiple disciplines provides protection against full automation. However, routine drafting tasks may become increasingly automated, making skills in BIM technology, 3D modeling, and emerging tools like drone data integration more valuable.

--- REASONED EDGES ---
  [skill_overlap] Mechanical Drafters (17-3013.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both roles share core drafting competencies including CAD software proficiency, technical drawing creation, and design knowledge at similar skill levels.
    data: Design knowledge (imp:4.3, lvl:6.0)
    data: Drafting technical devices (imp:4.6, lvl:5.5)
    data: Working with Computers (imp:4.8, lvl:4.3)
  [task_similarity] Electrical and Electronics Drafters (17-3012.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Similar drafting workflows including CAD system usage, technical documentation preparation, and coordination of engineering designs across disciplines.
    data: CAD systems usage
    data: Technical documentation packages
    data: Cross-disciplinary design coordination
  [knowledge_overlap] Civil Engineering Technologists and Technicians (17-3022.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Shared expertise in civil engineering principles, construction materials, and technical analysis with similar Building and Construction knowledge levels.
    data: Building and Construction (imp:4.2, lvl:5.0)
    data: Engineering and Technology (imp:4.2, lvl:5.4)
    data: Civil engineering project focus
  [career_pathway] Civil Engineers (17-2051.00) — confidence:medium
    reasoning: Natural career advancement path where drafting experience provides foundation for engineering roles requiring design decision-making authority.
    data: Civil engineering project focus
    data: Infrastructure design knowledge
    data: Job Zone progression potential
  [transferable_skill] Architects, Except Landscape and Naval (17-1011.00) — confidence:medium
    reasoning: Architectural drafters develop design visualization, building code knowledge, and spatial reasoning skills directly applicable to architectural practice.
    data: Design knowledge (imp:4.3, lvl:6.0)
    data: Visualization ability (imp:3.6, lvl:4.0)
    data: Building code analysis
  [task_similarity] Surveying and Mapping Technicians (17-3031.00) — confidence:medium
    reasoning: Both roles involve creating maps, analyzing topographical data, and producing technical drawings from survey information.
    data: Topographical map creation
    data: Survey data analysis
    data: Site elevation representation

--- NORMALIZER SIGNALS ---
  match_keywords   : ['architectural drafter', 'civil drafter', 'CAD drafter', 'technical drafter', 'drafting technician', 'building drafter', 'construction drafter', 'AutoCAD drafter']
  exclude_keywords : ['mechanical drafter', 'electrical drafter', 'software developer', 'graphic designer', 'interior designer']
  title_patterns   : ['*drafter', '*drafting*', '*CAD*', '*technician', '*designer']
  common_variations: ['Architectural Drafter', 'Civil Drafter', 'CAD Technician', 'Drafting Technician', 'AutoCAD Drafter', 'BIM Modeler', 'Architectural Designer', 'Technical Drafter']

total_terms    : 40
top_words      : ['tendency', 'others', 'technical', 'drawings', 'equipment', 'engineering', 'structures', 'principles', 'materials', 'design', 'civil', 'create', 'construction', 'production', 'drafting', 'plans', 'designs', 'includes', 'control', 'objects']
source_layers  : onet_tasks | onet_dimensions | dwas | wikipedia | inference

TERM                    COUNT     FREQ  DOMINANT SOURCE      SOURCE BREAKDOWN
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
tendency                   42  0.01435  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
others                     39  0.01332  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:97%  inference:3%
technical                  31  0.01059  dwas                 dwas:35%  inference:32%  onet_tasks:13%
drawings                   25  0.00854  onet_tasks           onet_tasks:44%  inference:24%  wikipedia:16%
equipment                  25  0.00854  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:92%  onet_tasks:8%
engineering                20  0.00683  inference            inference:45%  wikipedia:20%  onet_tasks:15%
structures                 19  0.00649  dwas                 dwas:47%  onet_dimensions:26%  onet_tasks:21%
principles                 18  0.00615  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:89%  inference:11%
materials                  17  0.00581  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:59%  onet_tasks:29%  inference:12%
design                     17  0.00581  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:35%  onet_tasks:24%  inference:24%
civil                      17  0.00581  inference            inference:59%  dwas:18%  wikipedia:18%
create                     16  0.00547  dwas                 dwas:69%  inference:19%  onet_tasks:6%
construction               13  0.00444  inference            inference:38%  onet_tasks:31%  onet_dimensions:15%
production                 13  0.00444  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:62%  dwas:31%  onet_tasks:8%
drafting                   12  0.00410  inference            inference:50%  onet_tasks:42%  onet_dimensions:8%
plans                      12  0.00410  onet_tasks           onet_tasks:33%  inference:25%  onet_dimensions:17%
designs                    12  0.00410  onet_tasks           onet_tasks:42%  dwas:25%  wikipedia:25%
includes                   12  0.00410  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
control                    12  0.00410  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
objects                    12  0.00410  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
drafters                   11  0.00376  inference            inference:73%  wikipedia:18%  onet_tasks:9%
specifications             11  0.00376  onet_tasks           onet_tasks:45%  dwas:27%  onet_dimensions:18%
standards                  11  0.00376  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:73%  inference:18%  dwas:9%
ideas                      11  0.00376  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
building                   10  0.00342  inference            inference:50%  onet_dimensions:30%  onet_tasks:20%
software                   10  0.00342  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:30%  wikipedia:30%  inference:30%
procedures                 10  0.00342  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:80%  onet_tasks:20%
technology                 10  0.00342  inference            inference:50%  onet_dimensions:40%  onet_tasks:10%
techniques                 10  0.00342  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
body                       10  0.00342  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
graphical                  10  0.00342  dwas                 dwas:100%
representations            10  0.00342  dwas                 dwas:100%
machines                    9  0.00308  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:78%  onet_tasks:22%
projects                    9  0.00308  dwas                 dwas:44%  onet_tasks:33%  inference:22%
architectural               9  0.00308  inference            inference:78%  onet_tasks:22%
quality                     9  0.00308  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:67%  dwas:22%  onet_tasks:11%
needs                       9  0.00308  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:89%  inference:11%
problems                    9  0.00308  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
resources                   9  0.00308  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
quickly                     9  0.00308  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%