[Core] [21% incumbents] Communicate research or project results to other professionals or the public or teach related courses, seminars, or workshops.
  DWAs: Prepare scientific or technical reports or presentations.

[Core] [21% incumbents] Provide information or recommendations to farmers or other landowners regarding ways in which they can best use land, promote plant growth, or avoid or correct problems such as erosion.
  DWAs: Advise others about land management or conservation.

[Core] [21% incumbents] Conduct experiments to develop new or improved varieties of field crops, focusing on characteristics such as yield, quality, disease resistance, nutritional value, or adaptation to specific soils or climates.
  DWAs: Research sustainable agricultural processes or practices.

[Core] [21% incumbents] Investigate soil problems or poor water quality to determine sources and effects.
  DWAs: Research hydrologic features or processes.

[Core] [21% incumbents] Investigate responses of soils to specific management practices to determine the use capabilities of soils and the effects of alternative practices on soil productivity.
  DWAs: Research crop management methods.

[Core] [21% incumbents] Conduct experiments to investigate the underlying mechanisms of plant growth and response to the environment.
  DWAs: Conduct climatological research. | Analyze environmental data.

[Core] [21% incumbents] Identify degraded or contaminated soils and develop plans to improve their chemical, biological, or physical characteristics.
  DWAs: Plan natural resources conservation or restoration programs.

[Core] [21% incumbents] Develop new or improved methods or products for controlling or eliminating weeds, crop diseases, or insect pests.
  DWAs: Develop agricultural methods.

[Core] [21% incumbents] Provide advice regarding the development of regulatory standards for land reclamation or soil conservation.
  DWAs: Advise others about land management or conservation.

[Core] [21% incumbents] Study soil characteristics to classify soils on the basis of factors such as geographic location, landscape position, or soil properties.
  DWAs: Research geological features or processes.

[Core] [21% incumbents] Develop improved measurement techniques, soil conservation methods, soil sampling devices, or related technology.
  DWAs: Develop agricultural methods.

[Core] [21% incumbents] Conduct research to determine best methods of planting, spraying, cultivating, harvesting, storing, processing, or transporting horticultural products.
  DWAs: Research crop management methods.

[Core] [21% incumbents] Study ways to improve agricultural sustainability, such as the use of new methods of composting.
  DWAs: Research sustainable agricultural processes or practices.

[Core] [21% incumbents] Consult with engineers or other technical personnel working on construction projects about the effects of soil problems and possible solutions to these problems.
  DWAs: Collaborate with technical specialists to resolve design or development problems.

[Core] [21% incumbents] Perform chemical analyses of the microorganism content of soils to determine microbial reactions or chemical mineralogical relationships to plant growth.
  DWAs: Analyze biological samples.

[Core] [21% incumbents] Develop ways of altering soils to suit different types of plants.
  DWAs: Develop agricultural methods.

[Core] [21% incumbents] Conduct experiments investigating how soil forms, changes, or interacts with land-based ecosystems or living organisms.
  DWAs: Conduct research of processes in natural or industrial ecosystems.

[Supplemental] [21% incumbents] Survey undisturbed or disturbed lands for classification, inventory, mapping, environmental impact assessments, environmental protection planning, conservation planning, or reclamation planning.
  DWAs: Survey land or properties.

[Supplemental] [21% incumbents] Plan or supervise waste management programs for composting or farming.
  DWAs: Develop environmental sustainability plans or projects. | Direct natural resources management or conservation programs.

[Supplemental] [21% incumbents] Research technical requirements or environmental impacts of urban green spaces, such as green roof installations.
  DWAs: Research impacts of environmental conservation initiatives.

[Supplemental] [21% incumbents] Conduct experiments regarding causes of bee diseases or factors affecting yields of nectar or pollen.
  DWAs: Research diseases or parasites.

[Supplemental] [21% incumbents] Identify or classify species of insects or allied forms, such as mites or spiders.
  DWAs: Classify organisms based on their characteristics or behavior.

[Supplemental] [21% incumbents] Study insect distribution or habitat and recommend methods to prevent importation or spread of injurious species.
  DWAs: Conduct research of processes in natural or industrial ecosystems. | Advise others about environmental management or conservation.

[Supplemental] [21% incumbents] Plan or supervise land conservation or reclamation programs for industrial development projects.
  DWAs: Plan natural resources conservation or restoration programs. | Direct natural resources management or conservation programs.

[Supplemental] [21% incumbents] Conduct research into the use of plant species as green fuels or in the production of green fuels.
  DWAs: Research sustainable agricultural processes or practices.

[Core] [20% incumbents] Develop methods of conserving or managing soil that can be applied by farmers or forestry companies.
  DWAs: Develop sustainable industrial or development methods.

[Core] [20% incumbents] Develop environmentally safe methods or products for controlling or eliminating weeds, crop diseases, or pests.
  DWAs: Develop agricultural methods.

--- SKILLS ---
  Reading Comprehension (imp:4.00 lvl:5.00) — Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work-related documents.
  Speaking (imp:4.00 lvl:4.62) — Talking to others to convey information effectively.
  Science (imp:4.00 lvl:4.88) — Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems.
  Critical Thinking (imp:4.00 lvl:4.38) — Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternativ
  Active Learning (imp:4.00 lvl:4.50) — Understanding the implications of new information for both current and future pr
  Active Listening (imp:3.88 lvl:4.12) — Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand
  Writing (imp:3.88 lvl:4.38) — Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the audienc
  Mathematics (imp:3.25 lvl:3.88) — Using mathematics to solve problems.
  Learning Strategies (imp:3.25 lvl:3.88) — Selecting and using training/instructional methods and procedures appropriate fo
  Monitoring (imp:3.25 lvl:4.12) — Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or organization

--- KNOWLEDGE ---
  Biology (imp:4.43 lvl:5.40) — Knowledge of plant and animal organisms, their tissues, cells, functions, interd
  English Language (imp:4.05 lvl:4.67) — Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the mea
  Computers and Electronics (imp:3.86 lvl:4.86) — Knowledge of circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and comput
  Chemistry (imp:3.84 lvl:4.80) — Knowledge of the chemical composition, structure, and properties of substances a
  Mathematics (imp:3.76 lvl:5.14) — Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their appl
  Education and Training (imp:3.40 lvl:4.95) — Knowledge of principles and methods for curriculum and training design, teaching
  Geography (imp:3.38 lvl:4.76) — Knowledge of principles and methods for describing the features of land, sea, an
  Communications and Media (imp:3.35 lvl:3.14) — Knowledge of media production, communication, and dissemination techniques and m
  Engineering and Technology (imp:3.20 lvl:4.10) — Knowledge of the practical application of engineering science and technology. Th
  Administration and Management (imp:3.14 lvl:4.24) — Knowledge of business and management principles involved in strategic planning, 
  Physics (imp:3.14 lvl:4.00) — Knowledge and prediction of physical principles, laws, their interrelationships,
  Customer and Personal Service (imp:3.00 lvl:3.90) — Knowledge of principles and processes for providing customer and personal servic
  Food Production (imp:2.95 lvl:3.65) — Knowledge of techniques and equipment for planting, growing, and harvesting food
  Law and Government (imp:2.86 lvl:3.38) — Knowledge of laws, legal codes, court procedures, precedents, government regulat
  Administrative (imp:2.81 lvl:3.81) — Knowledge of administrative and office procedures and systems such as word proce
  Mechanical (imp:2.81 lvl:3.62) — Knowledge of machines and tools, including their designs, uses, repair, and main
  Design (imp:2.71 lvl:3.52) — Knowledge of design techniques, tools, and principles involved in production of 
  Production and Processing (imp:2.62 lvl:3.00) — Knowledge of raw materials, production processes, quality control, costs, and ot
  Personnel and Human Resources (imp:2.57 lvl:3.57) — Knowledge of principles and procedures for personnel recruitment, selection, tra
  Public Safety and Security (imp:2.57 lvl:2.33) — Knowledge of relevant equipment, policies, procedures, and strategies to promote
  Telecommunications (imp:2.52 lvl:2.14) — Knowledge of transmission, broadcasting, switching, control, and operation of te
  Sales and Marketing (imp:2.40 lvl:2.67) — Knowledge of principles and methods for showing, promoting, and selling products
  Economics and Accounting (imp:2.38 lvl:2.43) — Knowledge of economic and accounting principles and practices, the financial mar
  Transportation (imp:2.10 lvl:1.81) — Knowledge of principles and methods for moving people or goods by air, rail, sea
  Building and Construction (imp:2.00 lvl:2.24) — Knowledge of materials, methods, and the tools involved in the construction or r
  Psychology (imp:1.95 lvl:2.00) — Knowledge of human behavior and performance; individual differences in ability, 
  History and Archeology (imp:1.71 lvl:1.76) — Knowledge of historical events and their causes, indicators, and effects on civi
  Sociology and Anthropology (imp:1.67 lvl:1.48) — Knowledge of group behavior and dynamics, societal trends and influences, human 
  Foreign Language (imp:1.67 lvl:1.57) — Knowledge of the structure and content of a foreign (non-English) language inclu
  Fine Arts (imp:1.37 lvl:0.75) — Knowledge of the theory and techniques required to compose, produce, and perform
  Philosophy and Theology (imp:1.30 lvl:0.95) — Knowledge of different philosophical systems and religions. This includes their 
  Medicine and Dentistry (imp:1.29 lvl:0.57) — Knowledge of the information and techniques needed to diagnose and treat human i
  Therapy and Counseling (imp:1.24 lvl:0.76) — Knowledge of principles, methods, and procedures for diagnosis, treatment, and r

--- ABILITIES ---
  Oral Comprehension (imp:4.00 lvl:5.12) — The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through 
  Written Comprehension (imp:4.00 lvl:5.12) — The ability to read and understand information and ideas presented in writing.
  Oral Expression (imp:4.00 lvl:5.00) — The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will unde
  Written Expression (imp:4.00 lvl:4.75) — The ability to communicate information and ideas in writing so others will under
  Deductive Reasoning (imp:4.00 lvl:4.88) — The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that 
  Inductive Reasoning (imp:4.00 lvl:5.00) — The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusion
  Information Ordering (imp:4.00 lvl:4.12) — The ability to arrange things or actions in a certain order or pattern according
  Category Flexibility (imp:4.00 lvl:4.12) — The ability to generate or use different sets of rules for combining or grouping
  Originality (imp:3.88 lvl:4.00) — The ability to come up with unusual or clever ideas about a given topic or situa
  Problem Sensitivity (imp:3.88 lvl:4.38) — The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does no
  Near Vision (imp:3.75 lvl:3.88) — The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the observer).
  Speech Clarity (imp:3.75 lvl:3.88) — The ability to speak clearly so others can understand you.
  Fluency of Ideas (imp:3.50 lvl:4.12) — The ability to come up with a number of ideas about a topic (the number of ideas
  Flexibility of Closure (imp:3.38 lvl:3.50) — The ability to identify or detect a known pattern (a figure, object, word, or so
  Speech Recognition (imp:3.38 lvl:3.62) — The ability to identify and understand the speech of another person.
  Mathematical Reasoning (imp:3.12 lvl:3.62) — The ability to choose the right mathematical methods or formulas to solve a prob
  Number Facility (imp:3.12 lvl:3.12) — The ability to add, subtract, multiply, or divide quickly and correctly.
  Perceptual Speed (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to quickly and accurately compare similarities and differences among
  Selective Attention (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to concentrate on a task over a period of time without being distrac
  Far Vision (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to see details at a distance.
  Memorization (imp:2.88 lvl:2.88) — The ability to remember information such as words, numbers, pictures, and proced
  Speed of Closure (imp:2.88 lvl:3.00) — The ability to quickly make sense of, combine, and organize information into mea
  Visualization (imp:2.88 lvl:2.88) — The ability to imagine how something will look after it is moved around or when 
  Visual Color Discrimination (imp:2.88 lvl:2.88) — The ability to match or detect differences between colors, including shades of c
  Time Sharing (imp:2.75 lvl:2.75) — The ability to shift back and forth between two or more activities or sources of
  Finger Dexterity (imp:2.62 lvl:2.62) — The ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the fingers of one or bot
  Depth Perception (imp:2.62 lvl:2.12) — The ability to judge which of several objects is closer or farther away from you
  Trunk Strength (imp:2.38 lvl:2.25) — The ability to use your abdominal and lower back muscles to support part of the 
  Arm-Hand Steadiness (imp:2.12 lvl:2.12) — The ability to keep your hand and arm steady while moving your arm or while hold
  Control Precision (imp:2.12 lvl:2.00) — The ability to quickly and repeatedly adjust the controls of a machine or a vehi
  Static Strength (imp:2.12 lvl:1.88) — The ability to exert maximum muscle force to lift, push, pull, or carry objects.
  Stamina (imp:2.12 lvl:1.62) — The ability to exert yourself physically over long periods of time without getti
  Extent Flexibility (imp:2.12 lvl:1.75) — The ability to bend, stretch, twist, or reach with your body, arms, and/or legs.
  Auditory Attention (imp:2.12 lvl:2.00) — The ability to focus on a single source of sound in the presence of other distra
  Manual Dexterity (imp:2.00 lvl:1.88) — The ability to quickly move your hand, your hand together with your arm, or your
  Multilimb Coordination (imp:2.00 lvl:2.00) — The ability to coordinate two or more limbs (for example, two arms, two legs, or
  Dynamic Strength (imp:2.00 lvl:1.12) — The ability to exert muscle force repeatedly or continuously over time. This inv
  Hearing Sensitivity (imp:2.00 lvl:1.75) — The ability to detect or tell the differences between sounds that vary in pitch 
  Spatial Orientation (imp:1.75 lvl:1.12) — The ability to know your location in relation to the environment or to know wher
  Response Orientation (imp:1.75 lvl:1.00) — The ability to choose quickly between two or more movements in response to two o
  Wrist-Finger Speed (imp:1.75 lvl:1.12) — The ability to make fast, simple, repeated movements of the fingers, hands, and 
  Gross Body Coordination (imp:1.75 lvl:0.88) — The ability to coordinate the movement of your arms, legs, and torso together wh
  Night Vision (imp:1.75 lvl:0.88) — The ability to see under low-light conditions.
  Peripheral Vision (imp:1.75 lvl:0.88) — The ability to see objects or movement of objects to one's side when the eyes ar
  Glare Sensitivity (imp:1.75 lvl:0.88) — The ability to see objects in the presence of a glare or bright lighting.
  Rate Control (imp:1.62 lvl:0.62) — The ability to time your movements or the movement of a piece of equipment in an
  Reaction Time (imp:1.62 lvl:0.75) — The ability to quickly respond (with the hand, finger, or foot) to a signal (sou
  Gross Body Equilibrium (imp:1.62 lvl:0.62) — The ability to keep or regain your body balance or stay upright when in an unsta
  Sound Localization (imp:1.62 lvl:0.62) — The ability to tell the direction from which a sound originated.
  Speed of Limb Movement (imp:1.50 lvl:0.50) — The ability to quickly move the arms and legs.
  Explosive Strength (imp:1.25 lvl:0.25) — The ability to use short bursts of muscle force to propel oneself (as in jumping
  Dynamic Flexibility (imp:1.12 lvl:0.12) — The ability to quickly and repeatedly bend, stretch, twist, or reach out with yo

--- WORK ACTIVITIES ---
  Working with Computers (imp:4.62 lvl:4.05) — Using computers and computer systems (including hardware and software) to progra
  Analyzing Data or Information (imp:4.48 lvl:5.38) — Identifying the underlying principles, reasons, or facts of information by break
  Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge (imp:4.33 lvl:5.52) — Keeping up-to-date technically and applying new knowledge to your job.
  Processing Information (imp:4.29 lvl:5.43) — Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, or verifying
  Making Decisions and Solving Problems (imp:4.29 lvl:5.43) — Analyzing information and evaluating results to choose the best solution and sol
  Getting Information (imp:4.20 lvl:4.67) — Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from all relevant sour
  Documenting/Recording Information (imp:4.20 lvl:4.65) — Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining information in writte
  Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates (imp:4.19 lvl:5.33) — Providing information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone,
  Thinking Creatively (imp:4.05 lvl:5.52) — Developing, designing, or creating new applications, ideas, relationships, syste
  Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others (imp:4.05 lvl:5.05) — Translating or explaining what information means and how it can be used.
  Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events (imp:4.00 lvl:4.95) — Identifying information by categorizing, estimating, recognizing differences or 
  Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work (imp:4.00 lvl:5.48) — Developing specific goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and accomplish your
  Estimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or Information (imp:3.95 lvl:4.62) — Estimating sizes, distances, and quantities; or determining time, costs, resourc
  Communicating with People Outside the Organization (imp:3.90 lvl:5.10) — Communicating with people outside the organization, representing the organizatio
  Developing Objectives and Strategies (imp:3.86 lvl:4.76) — Establishing long-range objectives and specifying the strategies and actions to 
  Scheduling Work and Activities (imp:3.81 lvl:4.86) — Scheduling events, programs, and activities, as well as the work of others.
  Monitoring Processes, Materials, or Surroundings (imp:3.76 lvl:4.67) — Monitoring and reviewing information from materials, events, or the environment,
  Evaluating Information to Determine Compliance with Standards (imp:3.75 lvl:4.52) — Using relevant information and individual judgment to determine whether events o
  Training and Teaching Others (imp:3.67 lvl:4.86) — Identifying the educational needs of others, developing formal educational or tr
  Providing Consultation and Advice to Others (imp:3.67 lvl:4.90) — Providing guidance and expert advice to management or other groups on technical,
  Guiding, Directing, and Motivating Subordinates (imp:3.57 lvl:4.43) — Providing guidance and direction to subordinates, including setting performance 
  Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships (imp:3.43 lvl:4.76) — Developing constructive and cooperative working relationships with others, and m
  Judging the Qualities of Objects, Services, or People (imp:3.38 lvl:4.48) — Assessing the value, importance, or quality of things or people.
  Coordinating the Work and Activities of Others (imp:3.38 lvl:4.29) — Getting members of a group to work together to accomplish tasks.
  Coaching and Developing Others (imp:3.33 lvl:4.43) — Identifying the developmental needs of others and coaching, mentoring, or otherw
  Developing and Building Teams (imp:3.24 lvl:3.76) — Encouraging and building mutual trust, respect, and cooperation among team membe
  Performing for or Working Directly with the Public (imp:3.19 lvl:4.00) — Performing for people or dealing directly with the public. This includes serving
  Monitoring and Controlling Resources (imp:3.14 lvl:4.19) — Monitoring and controlling resources and overseeing the spending of money.
  Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Materials (imp:3.10 lvl:3.67) — Inspecting equipment, structures, or materials to identify the cause of errors o
  Performing General Physical Activities (imp:3.10 lvl:3.90) — Performing general physical activities includes doing activities that require co
  Operating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or Equipment (imp:3.00 lvl:2.62) — Running, maneuvering, navigating, or driving vehicles or mechanized equipment, s
  Performing Administrative Activities (imp:2.90 lvl:3.76) — Performing day-to-day administrative tasks such as maintaining information files
  Resolving Conflicts and Negotiating with Others (imp:2.86 lvl:3.90) — Handling complaints, settling disputes, and resolving grievances and conflicts, 
  Selling or Influencing Others (imp:2.76 lvl:3.14) — Convincing others to buy merchandise/goods or to otherwise change their minds or
  Assisting and Caring for Others (imp:2.62 lvl:3.10) — Providing personal assistance, medical attention, emotional support, or other pe
  Handling and Moving Objects (imp:2.57 lvl:4.00) — Using hands and arms in handling, installing, positioning, and moving materials,
  Staffing Organizational Units (imp:2.57 lvl:3.48) — Recruiting, interviewing, selecting, hiring, and promoting employees in an organ
  Controlling Machines and Processes (imp:2.48 lvl:3.52) — Using either control mechanisms or direct physical activity to operate machines 
  Repairing and Maintaining Mechanical Equipment (imp:2.48 lvl:3.14) — Servicing, repairing, adjusting, and testing machines, devices, moving parts, an
  Repairing and Maintaining Electronic Equipment (imp:2.24 lvl:2.52) — Servicing, repairing, calibrating, regulating, fine-tuning, or testing machines,
  Drafting, Laying Out, and Specifying Technical Devices, Parts, and Equipment (imp:2.05 lvl:2.33) — Providing documentation, detailed instructions, drawings, or specifications to t

--- WORK STYLES ---
  Attention to Detail (imp:3.00) — A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
  Intellectual Curiosity (imp:2.67) — A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep 
  Attention to Detail (imp:2.57) — A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
  Innovation (imp:2.48) — A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on 
  Intellectual Curiosity (imp:2.00) — A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep 
  Dependability (imp:1.83) — A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related o
  Adaptability (imp:1.79) — A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas 
  Integrity (imp:1.70) — A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
  Perseverance (imp:1.67) — A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in 
  Achievement Orientation (imp:1.60) — A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, 
  Cautiousness (imp:1.59) — A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related
  Tolerance for Ambiguity (imp:1.45) — A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
  Self-Confidence (imp:1.24) — A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control 
  Initiative (imp:1.07) — A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may
  Social Orientation (imp:1.04) — A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
  Innovation (imp:1.00) — A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on 
  Leadership Orientation (imp:1.00) — A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
  Stress Tolerance (imp:0.95) — A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
  Sincerity (imp:0.80) — A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, withou
  Humility (imp:0.70) — A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
  Self-Control (imp:0.68) — A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in res
  Cooperation (imp:0.53) — A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
  Optimism (imp:0.09) — A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even un
  Empathy (imp:0.05) — A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feel
  Achievement Orientation () — A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, 
  Tolerance for Ambiguity () — A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
  Initiative () — A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may
  Adaptability () — A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas 
  Self-Confidence () — A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control 
  Perseverance () — A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in 
  Leadership Orientation () — A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
  Humility () — A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
  Sincerity () — A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, withou
  Empathy () — A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feel
  Cooperation () — A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
  Optimism () — A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even un
  Social Orientation () — A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
  Cautiousness () — A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related
  Dependability () — A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related o
  Integrity () — A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
  Stress Tolerance () — A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
  Self-Control () — A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in res

--- TRANSFERABLE SKILLS ---
  Complex Problem Solving (imp:3.88 lvl:4.25) — Identifying complex problems and reviewing related information to develop and ev
  Judgment and Decision Making (imp:3.75 lvl:4.25) — Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential actions to choose the m
  Systems Analysis (imp:3.50 lvl:3.88) — Determining how a system should work and how changes in conditions, operations, 
  Systems Evaluation (imp:3.50 lvl:3.88) — Identifying measures or indicators of system performance and the actions needed 
  Instructing (imp:3.12 lvl:3.12) — Teaching others how to do something.
  Social Perceptiveness (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — Being aware of others' reactions and understanding why they react as they do.
  Coordination (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions.
  Operations Analysis (imp:3.00 lvl:3.75) — Analyzing needs and product requirements to create a design.
  Quality Control Analysis (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — Conducting tests and inspections of products, services, or processes to evaluate
  Persuasion (imp:2.88 lvl:3.12) — Persuading others to change their minds or behavior.
  Service Orientation (imp:2.88 lvl:2.88) — Actively looking for ways to help people.
  Time Management (imp:2.88 lvl:2.88) — Managing one's own time and the time of others.
  Negotiation (imp:2.75 lvl:2.75) — Bringing others together and trying to reconcile differences.
  Operations Monitoring (imp:2.75 lvl:2.88) — Watching gauges, dials, or other indicators to make sure a machine is working pr
  Management of Personnel Resources (imp:2.75 lvl:2.62) — Motivating, developing, and directing people as they work, identifying the best 
  Operation and Control (imp:2.25 lvl:2.25) — Controlling operations of equipment or systems.
  Programming (imp:2.12 lvl:2.00) — Writing computer programs for various purposes.
  Management of Financial Resources (imp:2.00 lvl:1.62) — Determining how money will be spent to get the work done, and accounting for the
  Management of Material Resources (imp:2.00 lvl:2.00) — Obtaining and seeing to the appropriate use of equipment, facilities, and materi
  Technology Design (imp:1.75 lvl:1.50) — Generating or adapting equipment and technology to serve user needs.
  Troubleshooting (imp:1.75 lvl:1.00) — Determining causes of operating errors and deciding what to do about it.
  Equipment Selection (imp:1.00) — Determining the kind of tools and equipment needed to do a job.
  Installation (imp:1.00) — Installing equipment, machines, wiring, or programs to meet specifications.
  Equipment Maintenance (imp:1.00) — Performing routine maintenance on equipment and determining when and what kind o
  Repairing (imp:1.00) — Repairing machines or systems using the needed tools.

--- NATIONAL WAGES ---
  total_employment : 15,730
  annual_median    : $78,850
  annual_pct10     : $48,680
  annual_pct25     : $61,660
  annual_pct75     : $103,740
  annual_pct90     : $138,120
  annual_mean      : $87,720
  hourly_median    : $37.91

--- GEOGRAPHIC DISPERSION ---
  highest_state    : District of Columbia ($107,140)
  lowest_state     : Puerto Rico ($38,980)
  dispersion_ratio : 2.749x

--- TOP STATES BY WAGE (47 total) ---
  Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services emp:    5,270  median: $  80,020
  Federal, State, and Local Government, excluding State and Local Government Schools and Hospitals and the U.S. Postal Service (OEWS Designation) emp:    2,710  median: $  79,490
  Wholesale Trade                          emp:    2,240  median: $  92,120
  Educational Services                     emp:    2,220  median: $  65,390
  Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation      emp:      840  median: $  50,540
  Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting emp:      770  median: $  77,470
  Manufacturing                            emp:      670  median: $ 104,670
  Management of Companies and Enterprises  emp:      300  median: $ 102,720
  Retail Trade                             emp:      250  median: $  68,860
  Other Services (except Public Administration) emp:      190  median: $  78,720

--- TOP INDUSTRIES BY EMPLOYMENT (12 total) ---
  Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services emp:    5,270  median: $  80,020
  Federal, State, and Local Government, excluding State and Local Government Schools and Hospitals and the U.S. Postal Service (OEWS Designation) emp:    2,710  median: $  79,490
  Wholesale Trade                          emp:    2,240  median: $  92,120
  Educational Services                     emp:    2,220  median: $  65,390
  Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation      emp:      840  median: $  50,540
  Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting emp:      770  median: $  77,470
  Manufacturing                            emp:      670  median: $ 104,670
  Management of Companies and Enterprises  emp:      300  median: $ 102,720
  Retail Trade                             emp:      250  median: $  68,860
  Other Services (except Public Administration) emp:      190  median: $  78,720

exact_match_status : found
matched_title      : List of Russian scientists
match_score        : 0.6275
wikidata_qid       : Q4984686
word_count         : 9,407
wikipedia_url      : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Russian_scientists
license            : CC BY-SA 4.0
fetched_at         : 2026-06-02T20:42:36.576815Z

--- WIKIPEDIA FULL TEXT ---

== Polymaths ==

Karl Ernst von Baer, polymath naturalist, formulated the geological Baer's law on river erosion and embryological Baer's laws, founder of the Russian Entomological Society, co-founder of the Russian Geographical Society
Alexander Borodin, chemist and composer, author of the famous opera Prince Igor, discovered Borodin reaction, co-discovered Aldol reaction
Alexander Chizhevsky, interdisciplinary scientist, biophysicist, philosopher and artist, founder of heliobiology and modern air ionification, Russian cosmist
Johann Gottlieb Georgi, naturalist, chemist, mineralogist, ethnographer and explorer, the first to describe omul fish of Baikal, published the first full-scale work on ethnography of indigenous peoples of Russia
Mikhail Lomonosov, polymath scientist, artist and inventor; founder of the Moscow State University; proposed the law of conservation of matter; disproved the phlogiston theory; invented coaxial rotor and the first helicopter; invented the night vision telescope and off-axis reflecting telescope; discovered the atmosphere of Venus; suggested the organic origin of soil, peat, coal, petroleum and amber; pioneered the research of atmospheric electricity; coined the term physical chemistry; the first to record the freezing of mercury; co-developed Russian porcelain, re-discovered smalt and created a number of mosaics dedicated to Petrine era; author of an early account of Russian history and the first opponent of the Normanist theory; reformed Russian literary language by combining Old Church Slavonic with vernacular tongue in his early grammar; influenced Russian poetry through his odes
Nikolay Lvov, polymath artist, geologist, philologist and ethnographer, compiled the first major collection of Russian folk songs, adapted rammed earth technology for northern climate and built the Priory Palace in Gatchina, pioneered HVAC technology, invented carton-pierre
Alexander Middendorf, zoologist and explorer, discoverer of Putorana Plateau, founder of permafrost science, studied the influence of permafrost on living beings, coined the term radula, prominent hippologist and horse breeder
Vladimir Obruchev, geologist, paleontologist, geographer and explorer of Siberia and Central Asia, author of the comprehensive Geology of Siberia and two popular science fiction novels, Plutonia and Sannikov Land
Peter Simon Pallas, polymath naturalist, geographer, ethnographer, philologist, explorer of European Russia and Siberia, discoverer of the first pallasite meteorite (Krasnojarsk) and multiple animals, including the Pallas's cat, Pallas's squirrel, and Pallas's gull
Yakov Perelman, a founder of popular science, author of many popular books, including the Physics Can Be Fun and Mathematics Can Be Fun
Nicholas Roerich, artist, writer, philosopher, archeologist, explorer of Central Asia, public figure, initiator of the international Roerich's Pact on the defense of cultural objects, author of over 7000 paintings
Pyotr Semyonov-Tyan-Shansky, geographer, geologist, entomologist, explorer of the Tian Shan Mountains, discoverer of the Peak Khan Tengri, for 40 years the head of the Russian Geographical Society,  statistician, organiser of the first Russian Empire Census
Vasily Tatishchev, statesman, economist, geographer, ethnographer, philologist and historian, supervisor of the first instrumental mapping of Russia, coloniser of the Urals and Siberia, founder of Perm and Yekaterinburg, discovered and published Russkaya Pravda, Sudebnik of 1550 and the controversial Ioachim Chronicle, wrote the first full-scale account of Russian history, compiled the first encyclopedic dictionary of Russian language
Vladimir Vernadsky, philosopher and geologist, a founder of geochemistry, biogeochemistry and radiogeology, creator of noosphere theory, popularized the term biosphere, major Russian cosmist
Ivan Yefremov, paleontologist, philosopher, sci-fi and historical novelist, founder of taphonomy, author of The Land of Foam , Andromeda: A Space-Age Tale and Thais of Athens


== Earth scientists ==

Dmitry Anuchin, anthropologist and geographer, coined the term anthroposphere, determined the location of the Volga river source
Karl Baer, naturalist, formulated the geological Baer's law on river erosion, co-founder of the Russian Geographical Society
Lev Berg, determined the depth of Central Asian lakes, including Balkhash and Issyk Kul, a head of the Soviet Geographical Society
Leonid Brekhovskikh, founder of modern acoustical oceanography, discovered the deep sound channel, the first to observe mesoscale ocean eddies
Ivan Chersky, paleontologist, geologist and explorer of Siberia, explained the origin of Lake Baikal, pioneered the geomorphological evolution theory
Pyotr Chikhachyov, early geographer and geologist of Central Asia, discovered Kuznetsk Coal Basin
Vasily Dokuchaev, founder of soil science, created the first soil classification, determined the five factors for soil formation
Alexander Fersman, a founder of geochemistry, discovered copper in Monchegorsk, apatites in Khibiny, sulfur in Central Asia
Boris Golitsyn, inventor of electromagnetic seismograph, the president of International Association of Seismology
Grigory Gamburtsev, major Soviet seismologist, invented a number of seismological methods and devices
Ivan Gubkin, founder of the Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas
Alexander Karpinsky, geologist and mineralogist, the first President of the Soviet Academy of Sciences
Alexander Keyserling, naturalist, a founder of Russian geology
Maria Klenova, a founder of marine geology, polar explorer
Wladimir Köppen, meteorologist, author of the commonly used Köppen climate classification
Stepan Krasheninnikov, geographer, the first Russian naturalist, made the first scientific description of Kamchatka
Alexander Kruber, founder of Russian karstology
Nikolai Kudryavtsev, author of modern abiogenic theory for origin of petroleum, coordinated oil and gas exploration in Siberia
Leonid Kulik, meteorite researcher, the first to study the Tunguska event
Mikhail Lomonosov, polymath, suggested the organic origin of soil, peat, coal, petroleum and amber; forerunner of the continental drift theory, pioneer researcher of atmospheric electricity
Alexander Middendorf, zoologist and explorer, founder of permafrost science, determined the southern border of permafrost
Pavel Molchanov, meteorologist, inventor of radiosonde
Ivan Mushketov, made the first geological map of Turkestan
Vladimir Obruchev, geologist and explorer, author of the comprehensive Geology of Siberia and two popular science fiction novels, Plutonia and Sannikov Land
Mikhail Pomortsev, meteorologist, inventor of nephoscope
Farman Salmanov, discoverer of giant oil fields in West Siberia
Pyotr Semyonov-Tyan-Shansky, explorer of the Tian Shan Mountains, for 40 years the head of the Russian Geographical Society, prominent statistician and organiser of the first Russian Empire Census
Nikolay Shatsky, made a comprehensive tectonic map of North Eurasia, introduced Riphean and Baikalian geological stages
Pyotr Shirshov, polar explorer, founder of the Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, proved that there is life in high latitudes of the Arctic Ocean
Yuly Shokalsky, the first head of the Soviet Geographical Society, coined the term World Ocean
Elizabeth Soshkina, geologist, biologist, paleontologist
Aleksey Tillo, made the first correct hypsometric map of European Russia, coined the term Central Russian Upland, measured the lengths of main Russian rivers
Andrey Tikhonov, mathematician and inventor of magnetotellurics in geology
Vladimir Vernadsky, philosopher and geologist, a founder of geochemistry, biogeochemistry and radiogeology, creator of noosphere theory, popularized the term biosphere
Nadejda Voronets, Russian geologist and one of the first women paleontologists in Russia; specialist in Mesozoic mollusks of the North and Far East of the USSR.
Irina Pavlovna Zarutskaya, Soviet geomorphologist, cartog

--- SEMANTIC NEIGHBORS (5) ---

  Title: Soil science (similarity: 0.5405)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_science
  QID: Q9161265
  Extract: Soil science is the study of soil as a natural resource on the surface of the Earth including soil formation, classification and mapping; physical, chemical, biological, and fertility properties of soils; and these properties in relation to the use and management of soils.

  Title: Agricultural soil science (similarity: 0.4000)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agricultural_soil_science
  QID: Q4693974
  Extract: Agricultural soil science is a branch of soil science that deals with the study of edaphic conditions as they relate to the production of food and fiber. In this context, it is also a constituent of the field of agronomy and is thus also described as soil agronomy.

  Title: Soil (similarity: 0.2759)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil
  QID: Q36133
  Extract: Soil, also commonly referred to as earth, is a mixture of organic matter, minerals, gases, water, and organisms that together support the life of plants and soil organisms. Some scientific definitions distinguish dirt from soil by restricting the former term specifically to displaced soil.

  Title: Soil fertility (similarity: 0.4615)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_fertility
  QID: Q202080
  Extract: Soil fertility refers to the ability of soil to sustain agricultural plant growth, i.e. to provide plant habitat and result in sustained and consistent yields of high quality (see also soil health). A fertile soil has the following properties:The ability to supply essential plant nutrients and water

  Title: Plant nutrition (similarity: 0.4500)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant_nutrition
  QID: Q8328350
  Extract: Plant nutrition is the study of the chemical elements and compounds necessary for plant growth and reproduction, plant metabolism and their external supply. In its absence the plant is unable to complete a normal life cycle, or that the element is part of some essential plant constituent or metaboli

model_pass1          : claude-sonnet-4-20250514
model_pass2          : claude-haiku-4-5-20251001
inference_confidence : high
confidence_notes     : Strong confidence based on comprehensive O*NET data including detailed tasks, skills, knowledge areas, and work activities. BLS wage data provides robust market intelligence, and related occupations show clear career pathways and skill transferability.
inferred_at          : 2026-06-03T15:20:53.658574+00:00
tokens_input         : 4,541
tokens_output        : 3,800
cost_usd             : $0.043842
wikipedia_used       : False
wikipedia_title      : None
wikipedia_note       : No direct Wikipedia match found, but semantic neighbors include 'Soil science' and 'Agricultural soil science' which provide relevant context about the scientific study of soil and its agricultural applications.

--- PROSE FIELDS ---

ROLE SUMMARY:
Soil and Plant Scientists conduct research on crop breeding, physiology, production, and soil composition to optimize agricultural outcomes and environmental sustainability. They study the chemical, physical, biological, and mineralogical properties of soils as they relate to plant growth and agricultural productivity. These scientists develop improved crop varieties, soil management practices, and pest control methods while addressing challenges like soil degradation and sustainable farming practices.

DAY IN THE LIFE:
A typical day involves designing and conducting controlled experiments to test plant growth responses under different soil and environmental conditions, often working both in laboratory settings and outdoor field plots. They spend significant time analyzing data using statistical software like SPSS and GIS mapping tools to identify patterns in soil characteristics and crop performance. Much of their work involves documenting research findings, preparing scientific reports, and communicating results to farmers, policymakers, and fellow researchers through presentations and publications. They frequently collaborate with agricultural engineers, conservation scientists, and government agencies to develop practical solutions for land management challenges. Field work includes collecting soil samples, monitoring crop development, and testing new agricultural techniques across different geographic locations and soil types.

WHO THRIVES:
This role attracts individuals with strong investigative and realistic interests who enjoy systematic research and hands-on problem-solving in natural environments. Successful soil and plant scientists possess exceptional attention to detail, intellectual curiosity, and the ability to think both analytically and creatively when developing innovative agricultural solutions. They excel at complex problem-solving and systems thinking, able to understand the intricate relationships between soil chemistry, plant biology, climate factors, and agricultural practices. These professionals typically have strong written and oral communication skills, as they must translate technical research findings into actionable recommendations for diverse audiences ranging from farmers to government regulators.

CAREER ENTRY:
Entry into this field typically requires a bachelor's degree in agronomy, soil science, plant science, biology, or related agricultural sciences, with 28.6% holding master's degrees and 19.1% holding doctoral degrees according to education distribution data. Many positions, particularly in research and academia, prefer or require advanced degrees along with specialized coursework in chemistry, biology, mathematics, and statistics. Entry-level experience often comes through internships with agricultural research institutions, government agencies like the USDA, or private agricultural companies, providing hands-on experience with field research methods and laboratory techniques.

CAREER TRAJECTORY:
Career advancement often leads to senior research positions, laboratory management roles, or specialization in areas like crop breeding, soil chemistry, or sustainable agriculture practices. Many professionals transition into consulting roles, working directly with agricultural producers to solve specific soil and crop management challenges. Academic pathways include university research positions and teaching roles, while industry advancement can lead to product development positions with agricultural technology companies or senior roles in government agencies focused on agricultural policy and environmental regulation.

MARKET INTELLIGENCE:
The field employs 15,730 professionals with a median annual wage of $78,850, ranging from $48,680 to $138,120 according to BLS OEWS May 2025 data. Geographic wage variation is significant, with the District of Columbia offering the highest wages at $107,140 compared to Puerto Rico's $38,980, representing a 2.75x difference. Employment is concentrated in professional and technical services (5,270 positions), government agencies (2,710 positions), and wholesale trade (2,240 positions). Job growth is driven by increasing demand for sustainable agricultural practices, climate change adaptation strategies, and food security concerns. The profession offers geographic flexibility, with opportunities in both rural agricultural regions and urban research centers.

AUTOMATION OUTLOOK:
This profession has moderate resilience to automation due to its high reliance on complex problem-solving, field-based research, and the need for human judgment in interpreting biological and environmental systems. While data analysis tools and laboratory automation may enhance efficiency, the core activities of designing experiments, conducting field research, and translating findings into practical agricultural recommendations require human expertise and adaptability that current technology cannot replicate.

--- REASONED EDGES ---
  [skill_overlap] Conservation Scientists (19-1031.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both roles share high-level requirements in biology knowledge, environmental analysis, and land management advisory functions.
    data: Biology knowledge importance 4.4
    data: Advise others about land management tasks
    data: Environmental research focus
  [task_similarity] Environmental Scientists and Specialists (19-2041.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both conduct environmental data analysis and research contaminated soils, sharing analytical and research methodologies.
    data: Analyze environmental data tasks
    data: Investigate soil contamination
    data: Research methodology overlap
  [knowledge_overlap] Microbiologists (19-1022.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both require extensive biology and chemistry knowledge with laboratory research capabilities and scientific analysis skills.
    data: Biology knowledge level 5.4
    data: Chemistry knowledge level 4.8
    data: Laboratory research methods
  [career_pathway] Agricultural Engineers (17-2021.00) — confidence:medium
    reasoning: Both work in agricultural optimization and sustainable practices, often collaborating on agricultural technology development projects.
    data: Agricultural research focus
    data: Sustainable agriculture development
    data: Technology integration in farming
  [riasec_cluster] Geoscientists (19-2042.00) — confidence:medium
    reasoning: Both have strong investigative and realistic orientations with focus on natural systems research and environmental analysis.
    data: Investigative RIASEC code 6.71
    data: Realistic RIASEC code 6.43
    data: Natural systems research

--- NORMALIZER SIGNALS ---
  match_keywords   : ['soil scientist', 'plant scientist', 'agronomist', 'agriculturist', 'crop researcher', 'soil research', 'plant breeding', 'agricultural research']
  exclude_keywords : ['veterinarian', 'forester', 'landscaper', 'farmer', 'technician']
  title_patterns   : ['*Soil*Scientist*', '*Plant*Scientist*', '*Agronomist*', '*Agricultural*Specialist*', '*Crop*Scientist*']
  common_variations: ['soil and plant scientist', 'agricultural scientist', 'crop scientist', 'plant researcher', 'soil researcher', 'agricultural research scientist', 'agronomy specialist', 'plant breeding scientist']

total_terms    : 40
top_words      : ['inventor', 'founder', 'author', 'russian', 'theory', 'discoverer', 'discovered', 'researcher', 'soil', 'developed', 'developer', 'prize', 'alexander', 'tendency', 'others', 'winner', 'research', 'prominent', 'vladimir', 'mikhail']
source_layers  : onet_tasks | onet_dimensions | dwas | wikipedia | inference

TERM                    COUNT     FREQ  DOMINANT SOURCE      SOURCE BREAKDOWN
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
inventor                  108  0.01123  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
founder                    81  0.00842  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
author                     78  0.00811  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
russian                    71  0.00738  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
theory                     70  0.00728  wikipedia            wikipedia:99%  onet_dimensions:1%
discoverer                 56  0.00582  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
discovered                 54  0.00562  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
researcher                 49  0.00510  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
soil                       47  0.00489  wikipedia            wikipedia:45%  inference:34%  onet_tasks:21%
developed                  47  0.00489  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
developer                  46  0.00478  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
prize                      46  0.00478  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
alexander                  44  0.00458  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
tendency                   42  0.00437  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
others                     41  0.00426  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:93%  dwas:7%
winner                     41  0.00426  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
research                   40  0.00416  dwas                 dwas:30%  inference:30%  wikipedia:28%
prominent                  40  0.00416  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
vladimir                   37  0.00385  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
mikhail                    34  0.00354  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
plant                      32  0.00333  wikipedia            wikipedia:59%  inference:19%  onet_tasks:12%
theorem                    32  0.00333  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
historian                  31  0.00322  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
designer                   31  0.00322  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
nobel                      30  0.00312  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
agricultural               27  0.00281  inference            inference:63%  dwas:26%  wikipedia:7%
aircraft                   27  0.00281  wikipedia            wikipedia:96%  onet_dimensions:4%
pioneer                    27  0.00281  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
soviet                     26  0.00270  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
nikolay                    25  0.00260  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
modern                     24  0.00250  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
explorer                   24  0.00250  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
boris                      24  0.00250  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
world                      24  0.00250  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
equipment                  23  0.00239  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
nikolai                    23  0.00239  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
century                    23  0.00239  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
language                   22  0.00229  wikipedia            wikipedia:82%  onet_dimensions:18%
management                 21  0.00218  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:33%  dwas:33%  inference:19%
russia                     21  0.00218  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%