[Core] [25% incumbents] Supervise or direct the work of other geneticists, biologists, technicians, or biometricians working on genetics research projects.
  DWAs: Supervise scientific or technical personnel.

[Core] [25% incumbents] Plan or conduct basic genomic and biological research related to areas such as regulation of gene expression, protein interactions, metabolic networks, and nucleic acid or protein complexes.
  DWAs: Research genetic characteristics or expression. | Plan biological research.

[Core] [25% incumbents] Maintain laboratory notebooks that record research methods, procedures, and results.
  DWAs: Record research or operational data.

[Core] [25% incumbents] Write grants and papers or attend fundraising events to seek research funds.
  DWAs: Prepare proposal documents or grant applications.

[Core] [25% incumbents] Search scientific literature to select and modify methods and procedures most appropriate for genetic research goals.
  DWAs: Review professional literature to maintain professional knowledge.

[Core] [25% incumbents] Review, approve, or interpret genetic laboratory results.
  DWAs: Interpret research or operational data.

[Core] [25% incumbents] Attend clinical and research conferences and read scientific literature to keep abreast of technological advances and current genetic research findings.
  DWAs: Review professional literature to maintain professional knowledge. | Attend conferences or workshops to maintain professional knowledge.

[Core] [25% incumbents] Evaluate genetic data by performing appropriate mathematical or statistical calculations and analyses.
  DWAs: Research genetic characteristics or expression.

[Core] [25% incumbents] Analyze determinants responsible for specific inherited traits, and devise methods for altering traits or producing new traits.
  DWAs: Research genetic characteristics or expression.

[Core] [25% incumbents] Instruct medical students, graduate students, or others in methods or procedures for diagnosis and management of genetic disorders.
  DWAs: Instruct college students in physical or life sciences.

[Core] [25% incumbents] Create or use statistical models for the analysis of genetic data.
  DWAs: Research genetic characteristics or expression.

[Core] [25% incumbents] Verify that cytogenetic, molecular genetic, and related equipment and instrumentation is maintained in working condition to ensure accuracy and quality of experimental results.
  DWAs: Inspect equipment to ensure proper functioning.

[Core] [25% incumbents] Develop protocols to improve existing genetic techniques or to incorporate new diagnostic procedures.
  DWAs: Establish standards for medical care.

[Supplemental] [25% incumbents] Evaluate, diagnose, or treat genetic diseases.
  DWAs: Research diseases or parasites.

[Supplemental] [25% incumbents] Conduct family medical studies to evaluate the genetic basis for traits or diseases.
  DWAs: Research genetic characteristics or expression.

[Supplemental] [25% incumbents] Design and maintain genetics computer databases.
  DWAs: Develop technical or scientific databases.

[Supplemental] [25% incumbents] Participate in the development of endangered species breeding programs or species survival plans.
  DWAs: Plan natural resources conservation or restoration programs.

[Core] [24% incumbents] Prepare results of experimental findings for presentation at professional conferences or in scientific journals.
  DWAs: Prepare scientific or technical reports or presentations.

[Core] [24% incumbents] Extract deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) or perform diagnostic tests involving processes such as gel electrophoresis, Southern blot analysis, and polymerase chain reaction analysis.
  DWAs: Analyze biological samples.

[Core] [24% incumbents] Collaborate with biologists and other professionals to conduct appropriate genetic and biochemical analyses.
  DWAs: Collaborate on research activities with scientists or technical specialists.

[Core] [24% incumbents] Maintain laboratory safety programs and train personnel in laboratory safety techniques.
  DWAs: Train personnel in technical or scientific procedures.

[Core] [24% incumbents] Confer with information technology specialists to develop computer applications for genetic data analysis.
  DWAs: Develop software or applications for scientific or technical use. | Collaborate with technical specialists to resolve design or development problems.

[Core] [24% incumbents] Design sampling plans or coordinate the field collection of samples such as tissue specimens.
  DWAs: Research genetic characteristics or expression.

[Supplemental] [24% incumbents] Plan curatorial programs for species collections that include acquisition, distribution, maintenance, or regeneration.
  DWAs: Plan natural resources conservation or restoration programs.

--- SKILLS ---
  Reading Comprehension (imp:4.25 lvl:5.00) — Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work-related documents.
  Science (imp:4.12 lvl:4.38) — Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems.
  Active Listening (imp:4.00 lvl:4.00) — Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand
  Writing (imp:4.00 lvl:4.88) — Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the audienc
  Speaking (imp:4.00 lvl:4.12) — Talking to others to convey information effectively.
  Critical Thinking (imp:4.00 lvl:4.38) — Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternativ
  Active Learning (imp:4.00 lvl:4.12) — Understanding the implications of new information for both current and future pr
  Mathematics (imp:3.88 lvl:4.00) — Using mathematics to solve problems.
  Learning Strategies (imp:3.88 lvl:3.88) — Selecting and using training/instructional methods and procedures appropriate fo
  Monitoring (imp:3.75 lvl:3.88) — Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or organization

--- KNOWLEDGE ---
  Biology (imp:4.84 lvl:6.80) — Knowledge of plant and animal organisms, their tissues, cells, functions, interd
  English Language (imp:4.28 lvl:5.08) — Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the mea
  Education and Training (imp:3.72 lvl:5.28) — Knowledge of principles and methods for curriculum and training design, teaching
  Mathematics (imp:3.71 lvl:4.64) — Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their appl
  Chemistry (imp:3.46 lvl:4.56) — Knowledge of the chemical composition, structure, and properties of substances a
  Computers and Electronics (imp:3.04 lvl:4.24) — Knowledge of circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and comput
  Medicine and Dentistry (imp:2.88 lvl:2.84) — Knowledge of the information and techniques needed to diagnose and treat human i
  Administration and Management (imp:2.64 lvl:3.80) — Knowledge of business and management principles involved in strategic planning, 
  Personnel and Human Resources (imp:2.48 lvl:3.28) — Knowledge of principles and procedures for personnel recruitment, selection, tra
  Communications and Media (imp:2.44 lvl:2.68) — Knowledge of media production, communication, and dissemination techniques and m
  Engineering and Technology (imp:2.20 lvl:2.64) — Knowledge of the practical application of engineering science and technology. Th
  Administrative (imp:2.12 lvl:2.44) — Knowledge of administrative and office procedures and systems such as word proce
  Physics (imp:2.04 lvl:2.44) — Knowledge and prediction of physical principles, laws, their interrelationships,
  Psychology (imp:1.96 lvl:1.92) — Knowledge of human behavior and performance; individual differences in ability, 
  Sociology and Anthropology (imp:1.88 lvl:2.28) — Knowledge of group behavior and dynamics, societal trends and influences, human 
  Law and Government (imp:1.84 lvl:1.64) — Knowledge of laws, legal codes, court procedures, precedents, government regulat
  Public Safety and Security (imp:1.80 lvl:1.44) — Knowledge of relevant equipment, policies, procedures, and strategies to promote
  Therapy and Counseling (imp:1.67 lvl:1.48) — Knowledge of principles, methods, and procedures for diagnosis, treatment, and r
  Philosophy and Theology (imp:1.60 lvl:1.48) — Knowledge of different philosophical systems and religions. This includes their 
  Economics and Accounting (imp:1.57 lvl:1.05) — Knowledge of economic and accounting principles and practices, the financial mar
  Customer and Personal Service (imp:1.52 lvl:1.12) — Knowledge of principles and processes for providing customer and personal servic
  Mechanical (imp:1.52 lvl:1.44) — Knowledge of machines and tools, including their designs, uses, repair, and main
  Geography (imp:1.52 lvl:1.72) — Knowledge of principles and methods for describing the features of land, sea, an
  History and Archeology (imp:1.52 lvl:1.20) — Knowledge of historical events and their causes, indicators, and effects on civi
  Telecommunications (imp:1.52 lvl:0.44) — Knowledge of transmission, broadcasting, switching, control, and operation of te
  Production and Processing (imp:1.48 lvl:0.76) — Knowledge of raw materials, production processes, quality control, costs, and ot
  Design (imp:1.44 lvl:1.28) — Knowledge of design techniques, tools, and principles involved in production of 
  Foreign Language (imp:1.44 lvl:1.16) — Knowledge of the structure and content of a foreign (non-English) language inclu
  Sales and Marketing (imp:1.24 lvl:0.44) — Knowledge of principles and methods for showing, promoting, and selling products
  Transportation (imp:1.20 lvl:0.48) — Knowledge of principles and methods for moving people or goods by air, rail, sea
  Building and Construction (imp:1.04 lvl:0.12) — Knowledge of materials, methods, and the tools involved in the construction or r
  Fine Arts (imp:1.04 lvl:0.08) — Knowledge of the theory and techniques required to compose, produce, and perform
  Food Production (imp:1.00) — Knowledge of techniques and equipment for planting, growing, and harvesting food

--- ABILITIES ---
  Written Comprehension (imp:4.75 lvl:5.12) — The ability to read and understand information and ideas presented in writing.
  Written Expression (imp:4.38 lvl:5.00) — The ability to communicate information and ideas in writing so others will under
  Oral Comprehension (imp:4.25 lvl:5.00) — The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through 
  Oral Expression (imp:4.25 lvl:5.00) — The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will unde
  Inductive Reasoning (imp:4.25 lvl:4.88) — The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusion
  Problem Sensitivity (imp:4.00 lvl:4.75) — The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does no
  Deductive Reasoning (imp:4.00 lvl:4.75) — The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that 
  Category Flexibility (imp:4.00 lvl:4.12) — The ability to generate or use different sets of rules for combining or grouping
  Fluency of Ideas (imp:3.88 lvl:4.12) — The ability to come up with a number of ideas about a topic (the number of ideas
  Information Ordering (imp:3.88 lvl:4.00) — The ability to arrange things or actions in a certain order or pattern according
  Mathematical Reasoning (imp:3.88 lvl:4.00) — The ability to choose the right mathematical methods or formulas to solve a prob
  Near Vision (imp:3.88 lvl:4.12) — The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the observer).
  Speech Clarity (imp:3.88 lvl:3.88) — The ability to speak clearly so others can understand you.
  Originality (imp:3.75 lvl:4.00) — The ability to come up with unusual or clever ideas about a given topic or situa
  Number Facility (imp:3.75 lvl:3.75) — The ability to add, subtract, multiply, or divide quickly and correctly.
  Flexibility of Closure (imp:3.50 lvl:3.50) — The ability to identify or detect a known pattern (a figure, object, word, or so
  Speech Recognition (imp:3.38 lvl:3.38) — The ability to identify and understand the speech of another person.
  Selective Attention (imp:3.00 lvl:2.88) — The ability to concentrate on a task over a period of time without being distrac
  Far Vision (imp:3.00 lvl:3.12) — The ability to see details at a distance.
  Speed of Closure (imp:2.88 lvl:2.75) — The ability to quickly make sense of, combine, and organize information into mea
  Perceptual Speed (imp:2.88 lvl:2.88) — The ability to quickly and accurately compare similarities and differences among
  Visualization (imp:2.88 lvl:2.88) — The ability to imagine how something will look after it is moved around or when 
  Memorization (imp:2.62 lvl:2.62) — The ability to remember information such as words, numbers, pictures, and proced
  Visual Color Discrimination (imp:2.62 lvl:2.88) — The ability to match or detect differences between colors, including shades of c
  Time Sharing (imp:2.50 lvl:2.62) — The ability to shift back and forth between two or more activities or sources of
  Finger Dexterity (imp:2.25 lvl:2.25) — The ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the fingers of one or bot
  Arm-Hand Steadiness (imp:2.00 lvl:1.88) — The ability to keep your hand and arm steady while moving your arm or while hold
  Manual Dexterity (imp:2.00 lvl:1.88) — The ability to quickly move your hand, your hand together with your arm, or your
  Control Precision (imp:2.00 lvl:1.88) — The ability to quickly and repeatedly adjust the controls of a machine or a vehi
  Trunk Strength (imp:2.00 lvl:1.75) — The ability to use your abdominal and lower back muscles to support part of the 
  Depth Perception (imp:2.00 lvl:1.88) — The ability to judge which of several objects is closer or farther away from you
  Hearing Sensitivity (imp:2.00 lvl:2.12) — The ability to detect or tell the differences between sounds that vary in pitch 
  Auditory Attention (imp:2.00 lvl:2.00) — The ability to focus on a single source of sound in the presence of other distra
  Wrist-Finger Speed (imp:1.88 lvl:1.50) — The ability to make fast, simple, repeated movements of the fingers, hands, and 
  Multilimb Coordination (imp:1.62 lvl:0.75) — The ability to coordinate two or more limbs (for example, two arms, two legs, or
  Reaction Time (imp:1.62 lvl:0.62) — The ability to quickly respond (with the hand, finger, or foot) to a signal (sou
  Response Orientation (imp:1.25 lvl:0.25) — The ability to choose quickly between two or more movements in response to two o
  Static Strength (imp:1.12 lvl:0.12) — The ability to exert maximum muscle force to lift, push, pull, or carry objects.
  Dynamic Strength (imp:1.12 lvl:0.12) — The ability to exert muscle force repeatedly or continuously over time. This inv
  Spatial Orientation (imp:1.00) — The ability to know your location in relation to the environment or to know wher
  Rate Control (imp:1.00) — The ability to time your movements or the movement of a piece of equipment in an
  Speed of Limb Movement (imp:1.00) — The ability to quickly move the arms and legs.
  Explosive Strength (imp:1.00) — The ability to use short bursts of muscle force to propel oneself (as in jumping
  Stamina (imp:1.00) — The ability to exert yourself physically over long periods of time without getti
  Extent Flexibility (imp:1.00) — The ability to bend, stretch, twist, or reach with your body, arms, and/or legs.
  Dynamic Flexibility (imp:1.00) — The ability to quickly and repeatedly bend, stretch, twist, or reach out with yo
  Gross Body Coordination (imp:1.00) — The ability to coordinate the movement of your arms, legs, and torso together wh
  Gross Body Equilibrium (imp:1.00) — The ability to keep or regain your body balance or stay upright when in an unsta
  Night Vision (imp:1.00) — The ability to see under low-light conditions.
  Peripheral Vision (imp:1.00) — The ability to see objects or movement of objects to one's side when the eyes ar
  Glare Sensitivity (imp:1.00) — The ability to see objects in the presence of a glare or bright lighting.
  Sound Localization (imp:1.00) — The ability to tell the direction from which a sound originated.

--- WORK ACTIVITIES ---
  Getting Information (imp:4.80 lvl:6.16) — Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from all relevant sour
  Documenting/Recording Information (imp:4.58 lvl:5.16) — Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining information in writte
  Analyzing Data or Information (imp:4.56 lvl:5.88) — Identifying the underlying principles, reasons, or facts of information by break
  Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge (imp:4.52 lvl:5.96) — Keeping up-to-date technically and applying new knowledge to your job.
  Making Decisions and Solving Problems (imp:4.44 lvl:5.40) — Analyzing information and evaluating results to choose the best solution and sol
  Processing Information (imp:4.42 lvl:6.04) — Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, or verifying
  Working with Computers (imp:4.38 lvl:3.52) — Using computers and computer systems (including hardware and software) to progra
  Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work (imp:4.16 lvl:5.44) — Developing specific goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and accomplish your
  Thinking Creatively (imp:4.12 lvl:5.56) — Developing, designing, or creating new applications, ideas, relationships, syste
  Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates (imp:4.12 lvl:4.92) — Providing information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone,
  Training and Teaching Others (imp:4.08 lvl:5.40) — Identifying the educational needs of others, developing formal educational or tr
  Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others (imp:4.00 lvl:5.40) — Translating or explaining what information means and how it can be used.
  Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events (imp:3.96 lvl:5.64) — Identifying information by categorizing, estimating, recognizing differences or 
  Developing Objectives and Strategies (imp:3.92 lvl:4.60) — Establishing long-range objectives and specifying the strategies and actions to 
  Communicating with People Outside the Organization (imp:3.76 lvl:5.20) — Communicating with people outside the organization, representing the organizatio
  Guiding, Directing, and Motivating Subordinates (imp:3.68 lvl:4.40) — Providing guidance and direction to subordinates, including setting performance 
  Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships (imp:3.56 lvl:4.44) — Developing constructive and cooperative working relationships with others, and m
  Estimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or Information (imp:3.52 lvl:3.96) — Estimating sizes, distances, and quantities; or determining time, costs, resourc
  Coaching and Developing Others (imp:3.48 lvl:4.68) — Identifying the developmental needs of others and coaching, mentoring, or otherw
  Developing and Building Teams (imp:3.44 lvl:3.64) — Encouraging and building mutual trust, respect, and cooperation among team membe
  Monitoring Processes, Materials, or Surroundings (imp:3.36 lvl:4.52) — Monitoring and reviewing information from materials, events, or the environment,
  Providing Consultation and Advice to Others (imp:3.30 lvl:4.20) — Providing guidance and expert advice to management or other groups on technical,
  Scheduling Work and Activities (imp:3.20 lvl:3.96) — Scheduling events, programs, and activities, as well as the work of others.
  Coordinating the Work and Activities of Others (imp:3.20 lvl:3.96) — Getting members of a group to work together to accomplish tasks.
  Monitoring and Controlling Resources (imp:3.16 lvl:4.36) — Monitoring and controlling resources and overseeing the spending of money.
  Evaluating Information to Determine Compliance with Standards (imp:3.00 lvl:3.76) — Using relevant information and individual judgment to determine whether events o
  Performing Administrative Activities (imp:2.96 lvl:3.68) — Performing day-to-day administrative tasks such as maintaining information files
  Judging the Qualities of Objects, Services, or People (imp:2.72 lvl:3.44) — Assessing the value, importance, or quality of things or people.
  Assisting and Caring for Others (imp:2.68 lvl:3.20) — Providing personal assistance, medical attention, emotional support, or other pe
  Resolving Conflicts and Negotiating with Others (imp:2.64 lvl:3.64) — Handling complaints, settling disputes, and resolving grievances and conflicts, 
  Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Materials (imp:2.56 lvl:2.84) — Inspecting equipment, structures, or materials to identify the cause of errors o
  Staffing Organizational Units (imp:2.52 lvl:3.28) — Recruiting, interviewing, selecting, hiring, and promoting employees in an organ
  Handling and Moving Objects (imp:2.48 lvl:3.40) — Using hands and arms in handling, installing, positioning, and moving materials,
  Controlling Machines and Processes (imp:2.46 lvl:3.20) — Using either control mechanisms or direct physical activity to operate machines 
  Performing for or Working Directly with the Public (imp:2.16 lvl:2.72) — Performing for people or dealing directly with the public. This includes serving
  Repairing and Maintaining Electronic Equipment (imp:2.12 lvl:2.04) — Servicing, repairing, calibrating, regulating, fine-tuning, or testing machines,
  Selling or Influencing Others (imp:2.00 lvl:2.16) — Convincing others to buy merchandise/goods or to otherwise change their minds or
  Performing General Physical Activities (imp:1.68 lvl:1.24) — Performing general physical activities includes doing activities that require co
  Repairing and Maintaining Mechanical Equipment (imp:1.68 lvl:1.88) — Servicing, repairing, adjusting, and testing machines, devices, moving parts, an
  Drafting, Laying Out, and Specifying Technical Devices, Parts, and Equipment (imp:1.64 lvl:1.56) — Providing documentation, detailed instructions, drawings, or specifications to t
  Operating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or Equipment (imp:1.36 lvl:0.68) — Running, maneuvering, navigating, or driving vehicles or mechanized equipment, s

--- WORK STYLES ---
  Dependability (imp:7.00) — A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related o
  Attention to Detail (imp:6.00) — A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
  Integrity (imp:5.00) — A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
  Cautiousness (imp:4.00) — A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related
  Intellectual Curiosity (imp:3.00) — A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep 
  Intellectual Curiosity (imp:3.00) — A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep 
  Attention to Detail (imp:3.00) — A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
  Innovation (imp:2.51) — A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on 
  Dependability (imp:2.36) — A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related o
  Integrity (imp:2.32) — A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
  Achievement Orientation (imp:2.24) — A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, 
  Cautiousness (imp:2.14) — A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related
  Achievement Orientation (imp:2.00) — A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, 
  Adaptability (imp:1.94) — A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas 
  Perseverance (imp:1.94) — A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in 
  Tolerance for Ambiguity (imp:1.89) — A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
  Initiative (imp:1.79) — A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may
  Cooperation (imp:1.70) — A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
  Leadership Orientation (imp:1.45) — A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
  Self-Confidence (imp:1.41) — A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control 
  Stress Tolerance (imp:1.29) — A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
  Self-Control (imp:1.14) — A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in res
  Social Orientation (imp:1.09) — A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
  Innovation (imp:1.00) — A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on 
  Sincerity (imp:0.88) — A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, withou
  Humility (imp:0.72) — A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
  Optimism (imp:0.45) — A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even un
  Empathy (imp:0.39) — A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feel
  Tolerance for Ambiguity () — A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
  Initiative () — A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may
  Adaptability () — A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas 
  Self-Confidence () — A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control 
  Perseverance () — A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in 
  Leadership Orientation () — A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
  Humility () — A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
  Sincerity () — A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, withou
  Empathy () — A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feel
  Cooperation () — A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
  Optimism () — A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even un
  Social Orientation () — A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
  Stress Tolerance () — A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
  Self-Control () — A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in res

--- TRANSFERABLE SKILLS ---
  Complex Problem Solving (imp:4.00 lvl:4.00) — Identifying complex problems and reviewing related information to develop and ev
  Judgment and Decision Making (imp:4.00 lvl:4.00) — Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential actions to choose the m
  Instructing (imp:3.75 lvl:3.75) — Teaching others how to do something.
  Systems Analysis (imp:3.62 lvl:3.62) — Determining how a system should work and how changes in conditions, operations, 
  Social Perceptiveness (imp:3.50 lvl:3.75) — Being aware of others' reactions and understanding why they react as they do.
  Coordination (imp:3.12 lvl:3.25) — Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions.
  Persuasion (imp:3.12 lvl:3.12) — Persuading others to change their minds or behavior.
  Management of Personnel Resources (imp:3.12 lvl:3.12) — Motivating, developing, and directing people as they work, identifying the best 
  Negotiation (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — Bringing others together and trying to reconcile differences.
  Service Orientation (imp:3.00 lvl:2.88) — Actively looking for ways to help people.
  Systems Evaluation (imp:3.00 lvl:3.12) — Identifying measures or indicators of system performance and the actions needed 
  Time Management (imp:3.00 lvl:3.50) — Managing one's own time and the time of others.
  Operations Monitoring (imp:2.75 lvl:2.75) — Watching gauges, dials, or other indicators to make sure a machine is working pr
  Quality Control Analysis (imp:2.62 lvl:2.62) — Conducting tests and inspections of products, services, or processes to evaluate
  Operations Analysis (imp:2.12 lvl:1.50) — Analyzing needs and product requirements to create a design.
  Management of Financial Resources (imp:2.12 lvl:2.12) — Determining how money will be spent to get the work done, and accounting for the
  Management of Material Resources (imp:2.12 lvl:2.12) — Obtaining and seeing to the appropriate use of equipment, facilities, and materi
  Troubleshooting (imp:2.00 lvl:1.12) — Determining causes of operating errors and deciding what to do about it.
  Technology Design (imp:1.88 lvl:1.12) — Generating or adapting equipment and technology to serve user needs.
  Programming (imp:1.88 lvl:1.12) — Writing computer programs for various purposes.
  Operation and Control (imp:1.75 lvl:0.88) — Controlling operations of equipment or systems.
  Equipment Selection (imp:1.12 lvl:0.12) — Determining the kind of tools and equipment needed to do a job.
  Installation (imp:1.00) — Installing equipment, machines, wiring, or programs to meet specifications.
  Equipment Maintenance (imp:1.00) — Performing routine maintenance on equipment and determining when and what kind o
  Repairing (imp:1.00) — Repairing machines or systems using the needed tools.

--- NATIONAL WAGES ---
  total_employment : 55,850
  annual_median    : $98,920
  annual_pct10     : $60,430
  annual_pct25     : $76,800
  annual_pct75     : $127,670
  annual_pct90     : $168,010
  annual_mean      : $106,330
  hourly_median    : $47.56

--- GEOGRAPHIC DISPERSION ---
  highest_state    : Maryland ($121,680)
  lowest_state     : Missouri ($63,290)
  dispersion_ratio : 1.923x

--- TOP STATES BY WAGE (52 total) ---
  Federal, State, and Local Government, excluding State and Local Government Schools and Hospitals and the U.S. Postal Service (OEWS Designation) emp:   21,690  median: $  97,470
  Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services emp:   20,310  median: $ 102,490
  Educational Services                     emp:    5,010  median: $  77,450
  Manufacturing                            emp:    3,430  median: $ 124,280
  Health Care and Social Assistance        emp:    2,410  median: $  98,810
  Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services emp:      900  median: $  97,990
  Management of Companies and Enterprises  emp:      690  median: $ 135,910
  Wholesale Trade                          emp:      610  median: $ 107,830
  Other Services (except Public Administration) emp:      250  median: $  96,610
  Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting emp:      210  median: $  60,370

--- TOP INDUSTRIES BY EMPLOYMENT (12 total) ---
  Federal, State, and Local Government, excluding State and Local Government Schools and Hospitals and the U.S. Postal Service (OEWS Designation) emp:   21,690  median: $  97,470
  Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services emp:   20,310  median: $ 102,490
  Educational Services                     emp:    5,010  median: $  77,450
  Manufacturing                            emp:    3,430  median: $ 124,280
  Health Care and Social Assistance        emp:    2,410  median: $  98,810
  Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services emp:      900  median: $  97,990
  Management of Companies and Enterprises  emp:      690  median: $ 135,910
  Wholesale Trade                          emp:      610  median: $ 107,830
  Other Services (except Public Administration) emp:      250  median: $  96,610
  Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting emp:      210  median: $  60,370

exact_match_status : found
matched_title      : Geneticist
match_score        : 0.9524
wikidata_qid       : Q3126128
word_count         : 226
wikipedia_url      : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geneticist
license            : CC BY-SA 4.0
fetched_at         : 2026-06-02T20:44:26.317526Z

--- WIKIPEDIA FULL TEXT ---
A geneticist is a biologist or physician who studies genetics, the science of genes, heredity, and variation of organisms. A geneticist can be employed as a scientist or a lecturer. Geneticists may perform general research on genetic processes or develop genetic technologies to aid in the pharmaceutical or and agriculture industries. Some geneticists perform experiments in model organisms such as Drosophila, C. elegans, zebrafish, rodents or humans and analyze data to interpret the inheritance of biological traits. A basic science geneticist is a scientist who usually has earned a PhD in genetics and undertakes research and/or lectures in the field. A medical geneticist is a physician who has been trained in medical genetics as a specialization and evaluates, diagnoses, and manages patients with hereditary conditions or congenital malformations; and provides genetic risk calculations and mutation analysis. 


== Education ==
Geneticists participate in courses from many areas, such as biology, chemistry, physics, microbiology, cell biology, bioinformatics, and mathematics. They also participate in more specifie genetics courses such as molecular genetics, transmission genetics, population genetics, quantitative genetics, ecological genetics, epigenetics, and genomics.


== Careers ==
Geneticists can work in many different fields, doing a variety of jobs. There are many careers for geneticists in medicine, agriculture, wildlife, general sciences, or many other fields.
Listed below are a few examples of careers a geneticist may pursue.  


== References ==

--- SEMANTIC NEIGHBORS (5) ---

  Title: Medical genetics (similarity: 0.5926)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_genetics
  QID: Q1071953
  Extract: Medical genetics is the branch of medicine that involves the diagnosis and management of hereditary disorders. Medical genetics differs from human genetics in that human genetics is a field of scientific research that may or may not apply to medicine, while medical genetics refers to the application

  Title: Population genetics (similarity: 0.5333)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Population_genetics
  QID: Q31151
  Extract: Population genetics is a subfield of genetics that deals with genetic differences within and among populations, and is a part of evolutionary biology. Studies in this branch of biology examine such phenomena as adaptation, speciation, and population structure.

  Title: Behavioural genetics (similarity: 0.5161)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavioural_genetics
  QID: Q1204375
  Extract: 


Behavioural genetics, also referred to as behaviour genetics, is a field of scientific research that uses genetic methods to investigate the nature and origins of individual differences in behaviour. While the name "behavioural genetics" connotes a focus on genetic influences, the field broadly i

  Title: Sekar Kathiresan (similarity: 0.1481)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sekar_Kathiresan
  QID: Q28050074
  Extract: Sekar Kathiresan is a physician-scientist and human geneticist, currently serving as a chief executive officer and co-founder of Verve Therapeutics. His research is focused on understanding the genetic risk factors of heart attack and blood lipids to improve cardiac care. His research has led to not

  Title: Baylor College of Medicine (similarity: 0.3243)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baylor_College_of_Medicine
  QID: Q2892284
  Extract: The Baylor College of Medicine (BCM) is a private medical school in Houston, Texas, United States. The school was originally a college of Baylor University and was known as the Baylor University College of Medicine, but it separated from Baylor in 1969 and became an independent institution. The coll

model_pass1          : claude-sonnet-4-20250514
model_pass2          : claude-haiku-4-5-20251001
inference_confidence : high
confidence_notes     : Strong data consistency across skills, knowledge, and work activities with clear educational pathways and established career progression. Wikipedia match provides additional validation of role definition.
inferred_at          : 2026-06-03T15:27:21.641280+00:00
tokens_input         : 4,513
tokens_output        : 4,056
cost_usd             : $0.043548
wikipedia_used       : True
wikipedia_title      : Geneticist
wikipedia_note       : Wikipedia confirms geneticists are biologists or physicians studying genetics, heredity, and organism variation. The definition aligns with O*NET data emphasizing both research and clinical applications in genetic science.

--- PROSE FIELDS ---

ROLE SUMMARY:
Geneticists research and study the inheritance of traits at molecular, organism, or population levels, often evaluating or treating patients with genetic disorders. They conduct genomic research, analyze genetic data using mathematical and statistical methods, and may supervise laboratory teams. These scientists work in government agencies, research institutions, and academic settings to advance understanding of gene expression, protein interactions, and inherited characteristics.

DAY IN THE LIFE:
A geneticist begins by reviewing scientific literature to stay current with technological advances and select appropriate research methods. They plan and conduct genomic research focused on gene expression regulation and protein interactions, carefully maintaining detailed laboratory notebooks of procedures and results. Throughout the day, they analyze genetic data using statistical calculations, review and interpret laboratory results, and make decisions about research directions. They often supervise technicians and other research staff, write grant proposals to secure funding, and may instruct graduate students in genetic research methods.

WHO THRIVES:
Successful geneticists possess exceptional analytical thinking abilities with strong inductive and deductive reasoning skills to identify patterns in complex genetic data. They demonstrate high dependability and attention to detail, as genetic research requires meticulous documentation and precise analysis. These professionals exhibit intellectual curiosity and problem sensitivity, allowing them to detect subtle variations in genetic expression and devise innovative research approaches. Strong written and oral communication skills enable them to publish research findings, present at conferences, and collaborate effectively with multidisciplinary teams.

CAREER ENTRY:
Entry into genetics requires extensive preparation, with most professionals holding post-doctoral training (36%) or master's degrees (32%) in genetics, biology, or related fields. A strong foundation in biology, mathematics, and chemistry is essential, along with proficiency in statistical analysis and computer programming languages like C++ and Python. Many geneticists begin their careers as research assistants or laboratory technicians before advancing to independent research positions.

CAREER TRAJECTORY:
Geneticists typically advance from research associate positions to senior scientist roles, with opportunities to lead research teams and establish independent laboratories. Career progression often includes academic appointments as professors, leadership roles in biotechnology companies, or specialized positions in clinical genetics. Many transition into related fields such as bioinformatics, medical genetics consulting, or pharmaceutical research and development, leveraging their deep understanding of genetic mechanisms.

MARKET INTELLIGENCE:
The genetics field offers strong employment prospects with 55,850 professionals earning a median annual wage of $98,920 (BLS OEWS May 2025), ranging from $60,430 to $168,010. Geographic variation is significant, with Maryland offering the highest wages at $121,680 compared to Missouri's $63,290, reflecting concentration in research hubs and federal agencies. Government positions represent the largest employment sector (21,690), followed by professional and technical services (20,310), indicating stable demand driven by ongoing genomic research initiatives and personalized medicine advances.

AUTOMATION OUTLOOK:
Geneticists face moderate automation impact as computational tools increasingly handle routine data analysis and pattern recognition tasks. However, the core work activities of designing experiments, interpreting complex results, and making research decisions require human expertise and creative problem-solving that remain difficult to automate.

--- REASONED EDGES ---
  [skill_overlap] Molecular and Cellular Biologists (19-1029.02) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both roles share identical top skills in Reading Comprehension (4.2), Science (4.1), and Critical Thinking (4.0) with similar proficiency levels.
    data: Reading Comprehension skill overlap
    data: Biology knowledge requirement
    data: Research methodology similarity
  [task_similarity] Bioinformatics Scientists (19-1029.01) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both roles involve analyzing genetic data using statistical methods and working with computational tools like C++ and Git.
    data: Genetic data analysis tasks
    data: Statistical calculation requirements
    data: Programming language overlap
  [knowledge_overlap] Biochemists and Biophysicists (19-1021.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both require extensive Biology knowledge (imp: 4.8) and Chemistry knowledge (imp: 3.5), with similar mathematical analysis requirements.
    data: Biology knowledge requirement
    data: Chemistry knowledge overlap
    data: Mathematical analysis similarity
  [riasec_cluster] Medical Scientists, Except Epidemiologists (19-1042.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both occupations show strong Investigative RIASEC profiles (I: 7.0) with emphasis on research and analytical work.
    data: Investigative personality dominance
    data: Research focus similarity
    data: Scientific method application
  [career_pathway] Physicians, Pathologists (29-1222.00) — confidence:medium
    reasoning: Clinical geneticists may transition to pathology roles, sharing patient evaluation tasks and genetic disorder diagnosis experience.
    data: Patient evaluation overlap
    data: Genetic disorder treatment
    data: Clinical decision-making

--- NORMALIZER SIGNALS ---
  match_keywords   : ['geneticist', 'genetic research', 'genomic analysis', 'heredity study', 'gene expression', 'genetic counseling', 'molecular genetics', 'population genetics']
  exclude_keywords : ['genetic counselor', 'laboratory technician', 'research assistant', 'bioinformatics analyst', 'data scientist']
  title_patterns   : ['*Geneticist', 'Genetic*Scientist', '*Genetics Researcher', 'Genomics Scientist', 'Clinical Geneticist']
  common_variations: ['Clinical Geneticist', 'Medical Geneticist', 'Research Geneticist', 'Molecular Geneticist', 'Population Geneticist', 'Behavioral Geneticist', 'Laboratory Geneticist', 'Computational Geneticist']

total_terms    : 40
top_words      : ['research', 'tendency', 'others', 'genetic', 'genetics', 'equipment', 'principles', 'procedures', 'medical', 'includes', 'geneticists', 'expression', 'scientific', 'analysis', 'techniques', 'human', 'control', 'objects', 'resources', 'technical']
source_layers  : onet_tasks | onet_dimensions | dwas | wikipedia | inference

TERM                    COUNT     FREQ  DOMINANT SOURCE      SOURCE BREAKDOWN
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
research                   47  0.01589  inference            inference:43%  dwas:23%  wikipedia:17%
tendency                   42  0.01420  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
others                     39  0.01319  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:97%  onet_tasks:3%
genetic                    38  0.01285  onet_tasks           onet_tasks:32%  wikipedia:29%  inference:24%
genetics                   31  0.01048  wikipedia            wikipedia:74%  inference:19%  onet_tasks:6%
equipment                  25  0.00845  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:92%  onet_tasks:4%  dwas:4%
principles                 16  0.00541  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
procedures                 14  0.00473  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:57%  onet_tasks:29%  dwas:7%
medical                    14  0.00473  wikipedia            wikipedia:64%  onet_tasks:14%  onet_dimensions:7%
includes                   13  0.00439  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:92%  inference:8%
geneticists                12  0.00406  inference            inference:50%  wikipedia:42%  onet_tasks:8%
expression                 12  0.00406  dwas                 dwas:50%  inference:25%  onet_dimensions:17%
scientific                 12  0.00406  dwas                 dwas:42%  onet_tasks:25%  wikipedia:17%
analysis                   12  0.00406  onet_tasks           onet_tasks:33%  onet_dimensions:33%  inference:25%
techniques                 12  0.00406  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:83%  onet_tasks:17%
human                      12  0.00406  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:58%  wikipedia:33%  inference:8%
control                    12  0.00406  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
objects                    12  0.00406  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
resources                  11  0.00372  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:82%  dwas:18%
technical                  11  0.00372  dwas                 dwas:64%  onet_dimensions:27%  inference:9%
ideas                      11  0.00372  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
activities                 11  0.00372  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:82%  dwas:9%  inference:9%
management                 10  0.00338  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:70%  wikipedia:20%  onet_tasks:10%
problems                   10  0.00338  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:90%  dwas:10%
materials                  10  0.00338  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
body                       10  0.00338  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
events                      9  0.00304  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:89%  onet_tasks:11%
appropriate                 9  0.00304  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:56%  onet_tasks:33%  inference:11%
performing                  9  0.00304  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:89%  onet_tasks:11%
design                      9  0.00304  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:67%  onet_tasks:22%  dwas:11%
programs                    9  0.00304  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:44%  onet_tasks:33%  dwas:22%
understanding               9  0.00304  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:67%  inference:22%  wikipedia:11%
problem                     9  0.00304  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:78%  inference:22%
medicine                    9  0.00304  wikipedia            wikipedia:78%  onet_dimensions:11%  inference:11%
differences                 9  0.00304  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:67%  wikipedia:33%
standards                   9  0.00304  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:89%  dwas:11%
characteristics             9  0.00304  dwas                 dwas:67%  onet_dimensions:22%  inference:11%
quickly                     9  0.00304  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
orientation                 9  0.00304  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
interactions                8  0.00270  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:62%  inference:25%  onet_tasks:12%