[Core] [32% incumbents] Plan or conduct geological, geochemical, or geophysical field studies or surveys, sample collection, or drilling and testing programs used to collect data for research or application.
  DWAs: Conduct research to gain information about products or processes. | Design research studies to obtain scientific information.

[Core] [32% incumbents] Analyze and interpret geological data, using computer software.
  DWAs: Analyze geological or geographical data. | Interpret research or operational data.

[Core] [32% incumbents] Investigate the composition, structure, or history of the Earth's crust through the collection, examination, measurement, or classification of soils, minerals, rocks, or fossil remains.
  DWAs: Research geological features or processes.

[Core] [32% incumbents] Analyze and interpret geological, geochemical, or geophysical information from sources, such as survey data, well logs, bore holes, or aerial photos.
  DWAs: Analyze geological or geographical data. | Interpret research or operational data.

[Core] [32% incumbents] Identify risks for natural disasters, such as mudslides, earthquakes, or volcanic eruptions.
  DWAs: Analyze environmental data. | Interpret research or operational data.

[Core] [32% incumbents] Prepare geological maps, cross-sectional diagrams, charts, or reports concerning mineral extraction, land use, or resource management, using results of fieldwork or laboratory research.
  DWAs: Prepare maps.

[Core] [32% incumbents] Communicate geological findings by writing research papers, participating in conferences, or teaching geological science at universities.
  DWAs: Prepare scientific or technical reports or presentations. | Communicate results of environmental research. | Instruct college students in physical or life sciences.

[Core] [32% incumbents] Locate and estimate probable natural gas, oil, or mineral ore deposits or underground water resources, using aerial photographs, charts, or research or survey results.
  DWAs: Locate natural resources using geospatial or other environmental data.

[Core] [32% incumbents] Measure characteristics of the Earth, such as gravity or magnetic fields, using equipment such as seismographs, gravimeters, torsion balances, or magnetometers.
  DWAs: Measure environmental characteristics.

[Core] [32% incumbents] Locate and review research articles or environmental, historical, or technical reports.
  DWAs: Review professional literature to maintain professional knowledge.

[Core] [32% incumbents] Review environmental, historical, or technical reports and publications for accuracy.
  DWAs: Proofread documents, records, or other files to ensure accuracy.

[Supplemental] [32% incumbents] Assess ground or surface water movement to provide advice on issues, such as waste management, route and site selection, or the restoration of contaminated sites.
  DWAs: Measure environmental characteristics.

[Supplemental] [32% incumbents] Inspect construction projects to analyze engineering problems, using test equipment or drilling machinery.
  DWAs: Monitor construction operations. | Inspect work sites to identify potential environmental or safety hazards.

[Supplemental] [32% incumbents] Provide advice on the safe siting of new nuclear reactor projects or methods of nuclear waste management.
  DWAs: Advise others on management of emergencies or hazardous situations or materials.

[Supplemental] [32% incumbents] Design geological mine maps, monitor mine structural integrity, or advise and monitor mining crews.
  DWAs: Prepare maps.

[Supplemental] [32% incumbents] Review work plans to determine the effectiveness of activities for mitigating soil or groundwater contamination.
  DWAs: Review plans or proposals for environmental conservation.

[Supplemental] [32% incumbents] Test industrial diamonds or abrasives, soil, or rocks to determine their geological characteristics, using optical, x-ray, heat, acid, or precision instruments.
  DWAs: Analyze geological samples.

[Supplemental] [32% incumbents] Study historical climate change indicators found in locations, such as ice sheets or rock formations to develop climate change models.
  DWAs: Research hydrologic features or processes.

[Supplemental] [32% incumbents] Develop strategies for more environmentally friendly resource extraction and reclamation.
  DWAs: Develop plans to manage natural or renewable resources.

[Supplemental] [32% incumbents] Identify deposits of construction materials suitable for use as concrete aggregates, road fill, or other applications.
  DWAs: Locate natural resources using geospatial or other environmental data.

[Supplemental] [32% incumbents] Identify new sources of platinum group elements for industrial applications, such as automotive fuel cells or pollution abatement systems.
  DWAs: Locate natural resources using geospatial or other environmental data.

[Supplemental] [32% incumbents] Locate potential sources of geothermal energy.
  DWAs: Locate natural resources using geospatial or other environmental data.

[Supplemental] [32% incumbents] Research ways to reduce the ecological footprint of increasingly prevalent megacities.
  DWAs: Determine methods to minimize environmental impact of activities.

[Supplemental] [32% incumbents] Identify possible sites for carbon sequestration projects.
  DWAs: Collect data about project sites. | Inspect facilities or sites to determine if they meet specifications or standards.

[Supplemental] [32% incumbents] Develop ways to capture or use gases burned off as waste during oil production processes.
  DWAs: Develop sustainable industrial or development methods.

[Supplemental] [32% incumbents] Develop applied software for the analysis and interpretation of geological data.
  DWAs: Develop software or applications for scientific or technical use.

[Supplemental] [32% incumbents] Determine methods to incorporate geomethane or methane hydrates into global energy production or evaluate the potential environmental impacts of such incorporation.
  DWAs: Research impacts of environmental conservation initiatives. | Determine methods to minimize environmental impact of activities.

[Core] [31% incumbents] Advise construction firms or government agencies on dam or road construction, foundation design, land use, or resource management.
  DWAs: Advise others about environmental management or conservation.

[Core] [31% incumbents] Conduct geological or geophysical studies to provide information for use in regional development, site selection, or development of public works projects.
  DWAs: Research geological features or processes.

[Supplemental] [31% incumbents] Collaborate with medical or health researchers to address health problems related to geological materials or processes.
  DWAs: Coordinate cross-disciplinary research programs.

[Supplemental] [31% incumbents] Determine ways to mitigate the negative consequences of mineral dust dispersion.
  DWAs: Determine methods to minimize environmental impact of activities.

[Supplemental] [31% incumbents] Research geomechanical or geochemical processes to be used in carbon sequestration projects.
  DWAs: Research geological features or processes.

--- SKILLS ---
  Reading Comprehension (imp:4.12 lvl:4.88) — Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work-related documents.
  Speaking (imp:4.00 lvl:4.38) — Talking to others to convey information effectively.
  Science (imp:4.00 lvl:4.62) — Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems.
  Critical Thinking (imp:4.00 lvl:4.25) — Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternativ
  Active Listening (imp:3.88 lvl:4.25) — Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand
  Writing (imp:3.88 lvl:4.62) — Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the audienc
  Mathematics (imp:3.38 lvl:4.12) — Using mathematics to solve problems.
  Active Learning (imp:3.25 lvl:3.75) — Understanding the implications of new information for both current and future pr
  Learning Strategies (imp:3.12 lvl:3.12) — Selecting and using training/instructional methods and procedures appropriate fo
  Monitoring (imp:3.12 lvl:3.38) — Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or organization

--- KNOWLEDGE ---
  Geography (imp:4.00 lvl:5.78) — Knowledge of principles and methods for describing the features of land, sea, an
  Mathematics (imp:3.83 lvl:4.81) — Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their appl
  English Language (imp:3.83 lvl:4.50) — Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the mea
  Chemistry (imp:3.80 lvl:4.47) — Knowledge of the chemical composition, structure, and properties of substances a
  Physics (imp:3.65 lvl:4.22) — Knowledge and prediction of physical principles, laws, their interrelationships,
  Computers and Electronics (imp:3.57 lvl:4.72) — Knowledge of circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and comput
  Engineering and Technology (imp:3.23 lvl:3.84) — Knowledge of the practical application of engineering science and technology. Th
  Education and Training (imp:3.23 lvl:4.31) — Knowledge of principles and methods for curriculum and training design, teaching
  Biology (imp:2.94 lvl:3.75) — Knowledge of plant and animal organisms, their tissues, cells, functions, interd
  Law and Government (imp:2.87 lvl:3.29) — Knowledge of laws, legal codes, court procedures, precedents, government regulat
  Administration and Management (imp:2.77 lvl:3.69) — Knowledge of business and management principles involved in strategic planning, 
  Public Safety and Security (imp:2.55 lvl:2.59) — Knowledge of relevant equipment, policies, procedures, and strategies to promote
  Communications and Media (imp:2.48 lvl:2.78) — Knowledge of media production, communication, and dissemination techniques and m
  Administrative (imp:2.42 lvl:3.47) — Knowledge of administrative and office procedures and systems such as word proce
  Customer and Personal Service (imp:2.42 lvl:2.94) — Knowledge of principles and processes for providing customer and personal servic
  History and Archeology (imp:2.32 lvl:3.44) — Knowledge of historical events and their causes, indicators, and effects on civi
  Economics and Accounting (imp:2.29 lvl:2.22) — Knowledge of economic and accounting principles and practices, the financial mar
  Personnel and Human Resources (imp:2.26 lvl:2.97) — Knowledge of principles and procedures for personnel recruitment, selection, tra
  Mechanical (imp:2.19 lvl:2.56) — Knowledge of machines and tools, including their designs, uses, repair, and main
  Design (imp:2.16 lvl:2.65) — Knowledge of design techniques, tools, and principles involved in production of 
  Foreign Language (imp:2.13 lvl:2.41) — Knowledge of the structure and content of a foreign (non-English) language inclu
  Transportation (imp:2.00 lvl:2.00) — Knowledge of principles and methods for moving people or goods by air, rail, sea
  Telecommunications (imp:1.90 lvl:1.59) — Knowledge of transmission, broadcasting, switching, control, and operation of te
  Sales and Marketing (imp:1.81 lvl:1.94) — Knowledge of principles and methods for showing, promoting, and selling products
  Building and Construction (imp:1.71 lvl:1.66) — Knowledge of materials, methods, and the tools involved in the construction or r
  Psychology (imp:1.71 lvl:1.50) — Knowledge of human behavior and performance; individual differences in ability, 
  Sociology and Anthropology (imp:1.61 lvl:1.66) — Knowledge of group behavior and dynamics, societal trends and influences, human 
  Production and Processing (imp:1.58 lvl:1.38) — Knowledge of raw materials, production processes, quality control, costs, and ot
  Philosophy and Theology (imp:1.48 lvl:1.25) — Knowledge of different philosophical systems and religions. This includes their 
  Therapy and Counseling (imp:1.26 lvl:0.59) — Knowledge of principles, methods, and procedures for diagnosis, treatment, and r
  Medicine and Dentistry (imp:1.23 lvl:0.53) — Knowledge of the information and techniques needed to diagnose and treat human i
  Fine Arts (imp:1.23 lvl:0.32) — Knowledge of the theory and techniques required to compose, produce, and perform
  Food Production (imp:1.16 lvl:0.34) — Knowledge of techniques and equipment for planting, growing, and harvesting food

--- ABILITIES ---
  Written Comprehension (imp:4.12 lvl:5.00) — The ability to read and understand information and ideas presented in writing.
  Inductive Reasoning (imp:4.12 lvl:4.50) — The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusion
  Oral Comprehension (imp:4.00 lvl:5.12) — The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through 
  Oral Expression (imp:4.00 lvl:5.00) — The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will unde
  Written Expression (imp:4.00 lvl:4.38) — The ability to communicate information and ideas in writing so others will under
  Problem Sensitivity (imp:4.00 lvl:4.25) — The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does no
  Deductive Reasoning (imp:4.00 lvl:4.38) — The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that 
  Category Flexibility (imp:4.00 lvl:4.25) — The ability to generate or use different sets of rules for combining or grouping
  Information Ordering (imp:3.88 lvl:4.12) — The ability to arrange things or actions in a certain order or pattern according
  Mathematical Reasoning (imp:3.75 lvl:4.25) — The ability to choose the right mathematical methods or formulas to solve a prob
  Speech Clarity (imp:3.75 lvl:4.12) — The ability to speak clearly so others can understand you.
  Near Vision (imp:3.62 lvl:4.00) — The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the observer).
  Speech Recognition (imp:3.62 lvl:3.38) — The ability to identify and understand the speech of another person.
  Fluency of Ideas (imp:3.38 lvl:3.88) — The ability to come up with a number of ideas about a topic (the number of ideas
  Number Facility (imp:3.25 lvl:3.50) — The ability to add, subtract, multiply, or divide quickly and correctly.
  Flexibility of Closure (imp:3.25 lvl:3.50) — The ability to identify or detect a known pattern (a figure, object, word, or so
  Far Vision (imp:3.25 lvl:3.38) — The ability to see details at a distance.
  Originality (imp:3.12 lvl:3.38) — The ability to come up with unusual or clever ideas about a given topic or situa
  Perceptual Speed (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to quickly and accurately compare similarities and differences among
  Visualization (imp:3.00 lvl:3.25) — The ability to imagine how something will look after it is moved around or when 
  Selective Attention (imp:3.00 lvl:2.88) — The ability to concentrate on a task over a period of time without being distrac
  Speed of Closure (imp:2.88 lvl:2.88) — The ability to quickly make sense of, combine, and organize information into mea
  Visual Color Discrimination (imp:2.62 lvl:2.88) — The ability to match or detect differences between colors, including shades of c
  Memorization (imp:2.38 lvl:2.38) — The ability to remember information such as words, numbers, pictures, and proced
  Time Sharing (imp:2.25 lvl:2.00) — The ability to shift back and forth between two or more activities or sources of
  Trunk Strength (imp:2.25 lvl:1.38) — The ability to use your abdominal and lower back muscles to support part of the 
  Spatial Orientation (imp:2.00 lvl:1.25) — The ability to know your location in relation to the environment or to know wher
  Arm-Hand Steadiness (imp:2.00 lvl:1.75) — The ability to keep your hand and arm steady while moving your arm or while hold
  Control Precision (imp:2.00 lvl:2.00) — The ability to quickly and repeatedly adjust the controls of a machine or a vehi
  Multilimb Coordination (imp:2.00 lvl:2.00) — The ability to coordinate two or more limbs (for example, two arms, two legs, or
  Wrist-Finger Speed (imp:2.00 lvl:1.25) — The ability to make fast, simple, repeated movements of the fingers, hands, and 
  Auditory Attention (imp:2.00 lvl:1.75) — The ability to focus on a single source of sound in the presence of other distra
  Response Orientation (imp:1.88 lvl:1.12) — The ability to choose quickly between two or more movements in response to two o
  Rate Control (imp:1.88 lvl:0.88) — The ability to time your movements or the movement of a piece of equipment in an
  Reaction Time (imp:1.88 lvl:1.00) — The ability to quickly respond (with the hand, finger, or foot) to a signal (sou
  Gross Body Coordination (imp:1.88 lvl:0.88) — The ability to coordinate the movement of your arms, legs, and torso together wh
  Depth Perception (imp:1.88 lvl:2.00) — The ability to judge which of several objects is closer or farther away from you
  Manual Dexterity (imp:1.75 lvl:1.00) — The ability to quickly move your hand, your hand together with your arm, or your
  Finger Dexterity (imp:1.75 lvl:1.50) — The ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the fingers of one or bot
  Static Strength (imp:1.75 lvl:1.00) — The ability to exert maximum muscle force to lift, push, pull, or carry objects.
  Dynamic Strength (imp:1.75 lvl:0.88) — The ability to exert muscle force repeatedly or continuously over time. This inv
  Stamina (imp:1.75 lvl:0.88) — The ability to exert yourself physically over long periods of time without getti
  Gross Body Equilibrium (imp:1.75 lvl:0.75) — The ability to keep or regain your body balance or stay upright when in an unsta
  Peripheral Vision (imp:1.75 lvl:0.88) — The ability to see objects or movement of objects to one's side when the eyes ar
  Glare Sensitivity (imp:1.75 lvl:0.75) — The ability to see objects in the presence of a glare or bright lighting.
  Hearing Sensitivity (imp:1.75 lvl:1.38) — The ability to detect or tell the differences between sounds that vary in pitch 
  Extent Flexibility (imp:1.62 lvl:0.75) — The ability to bend, stretch, twist, or reach with your body, arms, and/or legs.
  Night Vision (imp:1.62 lvl:0.75) — The ability to see under low-light conditions.
  Sound Localization (imp:1.62 lvl:0.62) — The ability to tell the direction from which a sound originated.
  Speed of Limb Movement (imp:1.38 lvl:0.38) — The ability to quickly move the arms and legs.
  Explosive Strength (imp:1.12 lvl:0.12) — The ability to use short bursts of muscle force to propel oneself (as in jumping
  Dynamic Flexibility (imp:1.00) — The ability to quickly and repeatedly bend, stretch, twist, or reach out with yo

--- WORK ACTIVITIES ---
  Getting Information (imp:4.69 lvl:5.56) — Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from all relevant sour
  Analyzing Data or Information (imp:4.68 lvl:5.94) — Identifying the underlying principles, reasons, or facts of information by break
  Working with Computers (imp:4.44 lvl:4.10) — Using computers and computer systems (including hardware and software) to progra
  Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates (imp:4.39 lvl:5.20) — Providing information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone,
  Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events (imp:4.38 lvl:5.34) — Identifying information by categorizing, estimating, recognizing differences or 
  Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge (imp:4.34 lvl:5.77) — Keeping up-to-date technically and applying new knowledge to your job.
  Processing Information (imp:4.32 lvl:5.65) — Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, or verifying
  Thinking Creatively (imp:4.25 lvl:5.44) — Developing, designing, or creating new applications, ideas, relationships, syste
  Making Decisions and Solving Problems (imp:4.19 lvl:5.12) — Analyzing information and evaluating results to choose the best solution and sol
  Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work (imp:4.03 lvl:5.47) — Developing specific goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and accomplish your
  Documenting/Recording Information (imp:4.03 lvl:4.66) — Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining information in writte
  Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others (imp:4.03 lvl:5.16) — Translating or explaining what information means and how it can be used.
  Communicating with People Outside the Organization (imp:4.00 lvl:5.16) — Communicating with people outside the organization, representing the organizatio
  Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships (imp:3.88 lvl:4.65) — Developing constructive and cooperative working relationships with others, and m
  Training and Teaching Others (imp:3.88 lvl:5.16) — Identifying the educational needs of others, developing formal educational or tr
  Monitoring Processes, Materials, or Surroundings (imp:3.69 lvl:4.75) — Monitoring and reviewing information from materials, events, or the environment,
  Developing Objectives and Strategies (imp:3.62 lvl:4.55) — Establishing long-range objectives and specifying the strategies and actions to 
  Providing Consultation and Advice to Others (imp:3.58 lvl:4.87) — Providing guidance and expert advice to management or other groups on technical,
  Coordinating the Work and Activities of Others (imp:3.44 lvl:4.29) — Getting members of a group to work together to accomplish tasks.
  Estimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or Information (imp:3.39 lvl:4.31) — Estimating sizes, distances, and quantities; or determining time, costs, resourc
  Guiding, Directing, and Motivating Subordinates (imp:3.32 lvl:4.06) — Providing guidance and direction to subordinates, including setting performance 
  Evaluating Information to Determine Compliance with Standards (imp:3.31 lvl:4.25) — Using relevant information and individual judgment to determine whether events o
  Scheduling Work and Activities (imp:3.27 lvl:4.44) — Scheduling events, programs, and activities, as well as the work of others.
  Coaching and Developing Others (imp:3.26 lvl:4.25) — Identifying the developmental needs of others and coaching, mentoring, or otherw
  Judging the Qualities of Objects, Services, or People (imp:3.23 lvl:4.00) — Assessing the value, importance, or quality of things or people.
  Developing and Building Teams (imp:3.19 lvl:3.55) — Encouraging and building mutual trust, respect, and cooperation among team membe
  Monitoring and Controlling Resources (imp:2.94 lvl:3.48) — Monitoring and controlling resources and overseeing the spending of money.
  Performing for or Working Directly with the Public (imp:2.84 lvl:3.90) — Performing for people or dealing directly with the public. This includes serving
  Performing Administrative Activities (imp:2.84 lvl:3.59) — Performing day-to-day administrative tasks such as maintaining information files
  Resolving Conflicts and Negotiating with Others (imp:2.81 lvl:3.55) — Handling complaints, settling disputes, and resolving grievances and conflicts, 
  Performing General Physical Activities (imp:2.73 lvl:3.41) — Performing general physical activities includes doing activities that require co
  Operating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or Equipment (imp:2.67 lvl:2.16) — Running, maneuvering, navigating, or driving vehicles or mechanized equipment, s
  Selling or Influencing Others (imp:2.52 lvl:2.81) — Convincing others to buy merchandise/goods or to otherwise change their minds or
  Handling and Moving Objects (imp:2.47 lvl:3.47) — Using hands and arms in handling, installing, positioning, and moving materials,
  Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Materials (imp:2.42 lvl:2.62) — Inspecting equipment, structures, or materials to identify the cause of errors o
  Drafting, Laying Out, and Specifying Technical Devices, Parts, and Equipment (imp:2.41 lvl:2.69) — Providing documentation, detailed instructions, drawings, or specifications to t
  Staffing Organizational Units (imp:2.41 lvl:3.16) — Recruiting, interviewing, selecting, hiring, and promoting employees in an organ
  Controlling Machines and Processes (imp:2.31 lvl:2.62) — Using either control mechanisms or direct physical activity to operate machines 
  Assisting and Caring for Others (imp:2.03 lvl:1.78) — Providing personal assistance, medical attention, emotional support, or other pe
  Repairing and Maintaining Mechanical Equipment (imp:2.00 lvl:2.34) — Servicing, repairing, adjusting, and testing machines, devices, moving parts, an
  Repairing and Maintaining Electronic Equipment (imp:1.97 lvl:2.06) — Servicing, repairing, calibrating, regulating, fine-tuning, or testing machines,

--- WORK STYLES ---
  Dependability (imp:5.00) — A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related o
  Attention to Detail (imp:4.00) — A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
  Intellectual Curiosity (imp:3.00) — A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep 
  Intellectual Curiosity (imp:2.72) — A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep 
  Attention to Detail (imp:2.63) — A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
  Innovation (imp:2.27) — A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on 
  Dependability (imp:2.16) — A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related o
  Achievement Orientation (imp:2.04) — A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, 
  Achievement Orientation (imp:2.00) — A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, 
  Tolerance for Ambiguity (imp:1.83) — A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
  Integrity (imp:1.79) — A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
  Cautiousness (imp:1.69) — A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related
  Perseverance (imp:1.67) — A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in 
  Self-Confidence (imp:1.60) — A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control 
  Adaptability (imp:1.51) — A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas 
  Initiative (imp:1.41) — A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may
  Stress Tolerance (imp:1.16) — A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
  Innovation (imp:1.00) — A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on 
  Leadership Orientation (imp:0.90) — A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
  Cooperation (imp:0.75) — A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
  Self-Control (imp:0.73) — A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in res
  Sincerity (imp:0.62) — A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, withou
  Humility (imp:0.56) — A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
  Social Orientation (imp:0.36) — A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
  Optimism (imp:0.26) — A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even un
  Tolerance for Ambiguity () — A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
  Initiative () — A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may
  Adaptability () — A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas 
  Self-Confidence () — A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control 
  Perseverance () — A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in 
  Leadership Orientation () — A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
  Humility () — A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
  Sincerity () — A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, withou
  Empathy () — A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feel
  Cooperation () — A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
  Optimism () — A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even un
  Social Orientation () — A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
  Cautiousness () — A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related
  Integrity () — A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
  Stress Tolerance () — A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
  Self-Control () — A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in res
  Empathy (imp:-0.02) — A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feel

--- TRANSFERABLE SKILLS ---
  Complex Problem Solving (imp:3.88 lvl:4.12) — Identifying complex problems and reviewing related information to develop and ev
  Judgment and Decision Making (imp:3.88 lvl:4.00) — Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential actions to choose the m
  Systems Analysis (imp:3.25 lvl:3.50) — Determining how a system should work and how changes in conditions, operations, 
  Systems Evaluation (imp:3.25 lvl:3.38) — Identifying measures or indicators of system performance and the actions needed 
  Coordination (imp:3.12 lvl:3.25) — Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions.
  Social Perceptiveness (imp:3.00 lvl:3.12) — Being aware of others' reactions and understanding why they react as they do.
  Instructing (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — Teaching others how to do something.
  Persuasion (imp:2.88 lvl:2.88) — Persuading others to change their minds or behavior.
  Time Management (imp:2.88 lvl:2.88) — Managing one's own time and the time of others.
  Negotiation (imp:2.62 lvl:2.62) — Bringing others together and trying to reconcile differences.
  Service Orientation (imp:2.62 lvl:2.50) — Actively looking for ways to help people.
  Operations Analysis (imp:2.62 lvl:3.12) — Analyzing needs and product requirements to create a design.
  Management of Personnel Resources (imp:2.62 lvl:2.62) — Motivating, developing, and directing people as they work, identifying the best 
  Programming (imp:2.00 lvl:1.62) — Writing computer programs for various purposes.
  Operations Monitoring (imp:2.00 lvl:1.88) — Watching gauges, dials, or other indicators to make sure a machine is working pr
  Operation and Control (imp:2.00 lvl:1.75) — Controlling operations of equipment or systems.
  Quality Control Analysis (imp:2.00 lvl:2.00) — Conducting tests and inspections of products, services, or processes to evaluate
  Equipment Selection (imp:1.75 lvl:1.12) — Determining the kind of tools and equipment needed to do a job.
  Management of Financial Resources (imp:1.75 lvl:1.12) — Determining how money will be spent to get the work done, and accounting for the
  Technology Design (imp:1.62 lvl:0.75) — Generating or adapting equipment and technology to serve user needs.
  Management of Material Resources (imp:1.62 lvl:0.75) — Obtaining and seeing to the appropriate use of equipment, facilities, and materi
  Troubleshooting (imp:1.50 lvl:0.62) — Determining causes of operating errors and deciding what to do about it.
  Installation (imp:1.00) — Installing equipment, machines, wiring, or programs to meet specifications.
  Equipment Maintenance (imp:1.00) — Performing routine maintenance on equipment and determining when and what kind o
  Repairing (imp:1.00) — Repairing machines or systems using the needed tools.

--- NATIONAL WAGES ---
  total_employment : 23,470
  annual_median    : $101,920
  annual_pct10     : $59,330
  annual_pct25     : $75,110
  annual_pct75     : $139,380
  annual_pct90     : $200,230
  annual_mean      : $116,150
  hourly_median    : $49.00

--- GEOGRAPHIC DISPERSION ---
  highest_state    : Texas ($145,220)
  lowest_state     : Connecticut ($61,810)
  dispersion_ratio : 2.349x

--- TOP STATES BY WAGE (50 total) ---
  Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services emp:   11,620  median: $  87,740
  Federal, State, and Local Government, excluding State and Local Government Schools and Hospitals and the U.S. Postal Service (OEWS Designation) emp:    4,470  median: $ 105,200
  Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction emp:    4,350  median: $ 158,590
  Educational Services                     emp:    1,300  median: $  88,270
  Management of Companies and Enterprises  emp:      910  median: $ 168,680
  Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services emp:      370  median: $  83,330
  Utilities                                emp:      120  median: $ 133,170
  Manufacturing                            emp:      110  median: $ 131,040
  Construction                             emp:       70  median: $  54,210
  Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation      emp:       40  median: $  66,200

--- TOP INDUSTRIES BY EMPLOYMENT (12 total) ---
  Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services emp:   11,620  median: $  87,740
  Federal, State, and Local Government, excluding State and Local Government Schools and Hospitals and the U.S. Postal Service (OEWS Designation) emp:    4,470  median: $ 105,200
  Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction emp:    4,350  median: $ 158,590
  Educational Services                     emp:    1,300  median: $  88,270
  Management of Companies and Enterprises  emp:      910  median: $ 168,680
  Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services emp:      370  median: $  83,330
  Utilities                                emp:      120  median: $ 133,170
  Manufacturing                            emp:      110  median: $ 131,040
  Construction                             emp:       70  median: $  54,210
  Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation      emp:       40  median: $  66,200

exact_match_status : no_exact_match
matched_title      : N/A
match_score        : 0.0000
wikidata_qid       : N/A
word_count         : 0
wikipedia_url      : N/A
license            : CC BY-SA 4.0
fetched_at         : 2026-06-02T20:48:36.025628Z

--- SEMANTIC NEIGHBORS (5) ---

  Title: Geological Society of Washington (similarity: 0.3171)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geological_Society_of_Washington
  QID: Q5535314
  Extract: The Geological Society of Washington is a learned society based in the Washington, D.C. area. According to its constitution, "The object of the Society is the increase and diffusion of geological knowledge"

  Title: Women in the United States (similarity: 0.2105)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women_in_the_United_States
  QID: Q17514041
  Extract: The legal status of women in the United States has advanced significantly over the past two centuries, but not yet equal to that of men in comparison to other high-income democracies.

  Title: Engineering geology (similarity: 0.1739)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engineering_geology
  QID: Q586474
  Extract: Engineering geology is the application of geology to engineering study for the purpose of assuring that the geological factors regarding the location, design, construction, operation and maintenance of engineering works are recognized and accounted for. Engineering geologists provide geological and 

  Title: Geologist (similarity: 0.3051)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologist
  QID: Q520549
  Extract: A geologist is a scientist who studies the structure, composition, and history of Earth. Geologists incorporate techniques from physics, chemistry, biology, mathematics, and geography to perform research in the field and the laboratory. Geologists work in the energy and mining sectors to exploit nat

  Title: Geotechnical engineering (similarity: 0.3514)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geotechnical_engineering
  QID: Q1349130
  Extract: Geotechnical engineering, also known as geotechnics, is the branch of civil engineering concerned with the engineering behavior of earth materials. It uses the principles of soil mechanics and rock mechanics to solve its engineering problems. It also relies on knowledge of geology, hydrology, geophy

model_pass1          : claude-sonnet-4-20250514
model_pass2          : claude-haiku-4-5-20251001
inference_confidence : high
confidence_notes     : High confidence based on comprehensive O*NET data including detailed task descriptions, skill requirements, and work activities. BLS wage data provides strong market intelligence foundation.
inferred_at          : 2026-06-03T15:44:17.850559+00:00
tokens_input         : 4,512
tokens_output        : 4,275
cost_usd             : $0.046762
wikipedia_used       : False
wikipedia_title      : None
wikipedia_note       : No exact Wikipedia match found, with closest semantic match being 'Geologist' (0.305 similarity) providing general context about geological scientists. The absence of a specific geoscientist entry may reflect the broad, interdisciplinary nature of this occupation spanning multiple geological specialties.

--- PROSE FIELDS ---

ROLE SUMMARY:
Geoscientists study the composition, structure, and physical aspects of Earth to locate natural resources, assess environmental risks, and solve geological problems. They combine advanced knowledge in geology, physics, chemistry, and mathematics to conduct field studies, analyze geological data using specialized software, and interpret findings for resource exploration or environmental applications. These scientists work in diverse settings from oil and gas exploration to environmental consulting and government agencies.

DAY IN THE LIFE:
A geoscientist begins by reviewing geological survey data and well logs using specialized software like ESRI ArcGIS to identify promising areas for further investigation. They plan and conduct field studies, collecting rock and soil samples while measuring Earth characteristics using seismographs and gravimeters. Back in the office, they analyze geological data using computer modeling to interpret subsurface structures and estimate mineral or oil deposits. They prepare detailed geological maps, cross-sectional diagrams, and technical reports documenting their findings. Throughout the day, they communicate with supervisors and peers about project progress and may present research findings at conferences or in published papers.

WHO THRIVES:
Successful geoscientists possess strong investigative and realistic interests, demonstrating exceptional analytical thinking and problem-solving abilities. They excel at inductive and deductive reasoning, allowing them to draw meaningful conclusions from complex geological data patterns. These professionals have high attention to detail and intellectual curiosity, essential for identifying subtle geological features and interpreting vast datasets. They combine strong written and oral communication skills with technical expertise, enabling them to translate complex scientific findings into actionable recommendations for diverse audiences from engineers to policymakers.

CAREER ENTRY:
Entry into geosciences requires a bachelor's degree in geology, earth sciences, or related fields, with 43.8% of professionals holding master's degrees for advanced positions. Coursework emphasizes geology, physics, chemistry, and mathematics, supplemented by field experience and laboratory training. Many positions, particularly in research or specialized consulting, prefer or require graduate-level education with thesis research experience. Internships with geological surveys, mining companies, or environmental consulting firms provide valuable hands-on experience with industry-standard software and field techniques.

CAREER TRAJECTORY:
Geoscientists advance from entry-level field positions to senior consultant roles, project management, or specialized technical leadership positions. Career progression often involves developing expertise in specific areas such as petroleum geology, environmental remediation, or mineral exploration. Many advance to supervisory roles managing geological surveys or environmental projects, while others pursue academic careers combining research with teaching. Some transition into related fields like mining engineering, environmental science, or data science, leveraging their analytical and technical skills.

MARKET INTELLIGENCE:
The geoscience field employs 23,470 professionals with a median annual salary of $101,920, ranging from $59,330 to $200,230 according to BLS OEWS May 2025 data. Geographic variation is significant, with Texas offering the highest wages at $145,220 compared to Connecticut's $61,810, reflecting regional differences in energy sector demand. Employment concentrates in professional services (11,620), government agencies (4,470), and mining/oil extraction (4,350), indicating diverse career opportunities. The field benefits from ongoing demand for energy resources, environmental consulting, and climate-related geological research, though employment can fluctuate with commodity prices and environmental regulations.

AUTOMATION OUTLOOK:
Geoscientists face moderate automation risk as advanced software increasingly handles routine data analysis and pattern recognition tasks. However, the creative thinking, field investigation, and complex interpretation skills central to geological work remain difficult to automate. The integration of AI and machine learning tools will likely augment rather than replace geoscientists, enabling more sophisticated data analysis while requiring professionals to develop new technical competencies.

--- REASONED EDGES ---
  [skill_overlap] Hydrologists (19-2043.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both roles share identical top skills in Reading Comprehension, Science, and Critical Thinking with similar importance and level ratings.
    data: Reading Comprehension (imp:4.1, lvl:4.9)
    data: Science (imp:4.0, lvl:4.6)
    data: Critical Thinking (imp:4.0, lvl:4.2)
  [knowledge_overlap] Environmental Scientists and Specialists, Including Health (19-2041.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both roles require high-level Geography and Chemistry knowledge with similar importance ratings for environmental problem-solving.
    data: Geography (imp:4.0, lvl:5.8)
    data: Chemistry (imp:3.8, lvl:4.5)
    data: Environmental work activities
  [task_similarity] Mining and Geological Engineers, Including Mining Safety Engineers (17-2151.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both roles involve locating and estimating mineral ore deposits and analyzing geological data for resource extraction purposes.
    data: Locate and estimate probable natural gas, oil, or mineral ore deposits
    data: Engineering and Technology knowledge (imp:3.2, lvl:3.8)
  [transferable_skill] Data Scientists (15-2051.00) — confidence:medium
    reasoning: Both roles emphasize analyzing data and information (imp:4.7, lvl:5.9) and working with computers for complex data interpretation.
    data: Analyzing Data or Information (imp:4.7, lvl:5.9)
    data: Working with Computers (imp:4.4, lvl:4.1)
    data: Complex Problem Solving (imp:3.9, lvl:4.1)
  [riasec_cluster] Geographers (19-3092.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both roles share strong investigative interests and geography knowledge requirements for spatial analysis and earth systems study.
    data: RIASEC I:7.00
    data: Geography (imp:4.0, lvl:5.8)
    data: Mapping and spatial analysis tasks

--- NORMALIZER SIGNALS ---
  match_keywords   : ['geoscientist', 'geologist', 'geological', 'earth science', 'geochemist', 'geophysics', 'mineral exploration', 'petroleum geology']
  exclude_keywords : ['hydrologist', 'geographer', 'environmental scientist', 'mining engineer', 'surveyor']
  title_patterns   : ['Geoscientist', 'Geologist', '*Geologist', 'Geological *', 'Earth Scientist']
  common_variations: ['consulting geologist', 'development geologist', 'exploration geologist', 'field geologist', 'environmental geologist', 'petroleum geologist', 'mining geologist', 'structural geologist']

total_terms    : 40
top_words      : ['tendency', 'others', 'geological', 'environmental', 'research', 'equipment', 'resources', 'principles', 'management', 'activities', 'materials', 'engineering', 'problems', 'technical', 'includes', 'techniques', 'control', 'objects', 'design', 'ideas']
source_layers  : onet_tasks | onet_dimensions | dwas | wikipedia | inference

TERM                    COUNT     FREQ  DOMINANT SOURCE      SOURCE BREAKDOWN
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
tendency                   42  0.01407  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
others                     41  0.01374  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:93%  dwas:5%  inference:2%
geological                 34  0.01139  inference            inference:38%  onet_tasks:32%  dwas:18%
environmental              28  0.00938  dwas                 dwas:54%  inference:32%  onet_tasks:11%
research                   26  0.00871  dwas                 dwas:46%  onet_tasks:27%  inference:19%
equipment                  25  0.00838  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:92%  onet_tasks:8%
resources                  18  0.00603  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:50%  dwas:28%  inference:11%
principles                 17  0.00570  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:94%  wikipedia:6%
management                 14  0.00469  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:50%  onet_tasks:29%  dwas:14%
activities                 14  0.00469  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:64%  dwas:21%  onet_tasks:7%
materials                  14  0.00469  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:71%  onet_tasks:14%  dwas:7%
engineering                13  0.00436  wikipedia            wikipedia:69%  onet_dimensions:15%  onet_tasks:8%
problems                   13  0.00436  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:69%  onet_tasks:15%  wikipedia:8%
technical                  12  0.00402  inference            inference:42%  onet_dimensions:25%  onet_tasks:17%
includes                   12  0.00402  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
techniques                 12  0.00402  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:83%  wikipedia:8%  inference:8%
control                    12  0.00402  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
objects                    12  0.00402  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
design                     11  0.00368  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:55%  onet_tasks:18%  wikipedia:18%
ideas                      11  0.00368  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
software                   10  0.00335  inference            inference:40%  onet_dimensions:30%  onet_tasks:20%
earth                      10  0.00335  wikipedia            wikipedia:50%  inference:30%  onet_tasks:20%
ways                       10  0.00335  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:70%  onet_tasks:30%
production                 10  0.00335  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:80%  onet_tasks:20%
human                      10  0.00335  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:70%  wikipedia:30%
body                       10  0.00335  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
natural                     9  0.00301  dwas                 dwas:56%  onet_tasks:22%  wikipedia:11%
standards                   9  0.00301  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:89%  dwas:11%
quickly                     9  0.00301  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
orientation                 9  0.00301  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
identifying                 9  0.00301  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:89%  inference:11%
developing                  9  0.00301  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:89%  inference:11%
locate                      8  0.00268  dwas                 dwas:50%  onet_tasks:38%  inference:12%
construction                8  0.00268  onet_tasks           onet_tasks:50%  onet_dimensions:25%  dwas:12%
applications                8  0.00268  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:50%  onet_tasks:25%  dwas:12%
analysis                    8  0.00268  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:50%  inference:25%  onet_tasks:12%
rules                       8  0.00268  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
needs                       8  0.00268  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
problem                     8  0.00268  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:88%  inference:12%
procedures                  8  0.00268  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%