[Core] [23% incumbents] Recommend measures to help protect workers from potentially hazardous work methods, processes, or materials.
  DWAs: Advise communities or institutions regarding health or safety issues.

[Core] [23% incumbents] Develop or maintain hygiene programs, such as noise surveys, continuous atmosphere monitoring, ventilation surveys, or asbestos management plans.
  DWAs: Design public or employee health programs.

[Core] [23% incumbents] Order suspension of activities that pose threats to workers' health or safety.
  DWAs: Maintain safety.

[Core] [23% incumbents] Investigate accidents to identify causes or to determine how such accidents might be prevented in the future.
  DWAs: Investigate accidents to determine causes.

[Core] [23% incumbents] Inspect or evaluate workplace environments, equipment, or practices to ensure compliance with safety standards and government regulations.
  DWAs: Inspect work environments to ensure safety.

[Core] [23% incumbents] Collect samples of dust, gases, vapors, or other potentially toxic materials for analysis.
  DWAs: Collect samples for analysis or testing. | Collect samples of raw materials or finished products.

[Core] [23% incumbents] Collaborate with engineers or physicians to institute control or remedial measures for hazardous or potentially hazardous conditions or equipment.
  DWAs: Collaborate with healthcare professionals to plan or provide treatment. | Consult with others regarding safety or health equipment or facilities.

[Core] [23% incumbents] Investigate the adequacy of ventilation, exhaust equipment, lighting, or other conditions that could affect employee health, comfort, or performance.
  DWAs: Inspect work environments to ensure safety.

[Core] [23% incumbents] Conduct safety training or education programs and demonstrate the use of safety equipment.
  DWAs: Conduct health or safety training programs.

[Core] [23% incumbents] Investigate health-related complaints and inspect facilities to ensure that they comply with public health legislation and regulations.
  DWAs: Test facilities for environmental hazards.

[Core] [23% incumbents] Write reports.
  DWAs: Write reports or evaluations. | Write operational reports.

[Core] [23% incumbents] Inspect specified areas to ensure the presence of fire prevention equipment, safety equipment, or first-aid supplies.
  DWAs: Inspect work environments to ensure safety.

[Core] [23% incumbents] Provide new-employee health and safety orientations and develop materials for these presentations.
  DWAs: Prepare healthcare training materials. | Conduct health or safety training programs.

[Core] [23% incumbents] Analyze incident data to identify trends in injuries, illnesses, accidents, or other hazards.
  DWAs: Investigate safety of work environment. | Analyze data to identify trends or relationships among variables. | Analyze operational data to evaluate operations, processes or products.

[Core] [23% incumbents] Maintain or update emergency response plans or procedures.
  DWAs: Develop emergency procedures.

[Core] [23% incumbents] Coordinate "right-to-know" programs regarding hazardous chemicals or other substances.
  DWAs: Conduct health or safety training programs.

[Core] [23% incumbents] Conduct audits at hazardous waste sites or industrial sites or participate in hazardous waste site investigations.
  DWAs: Monitor the handling of hazardous materials or medical wastes. | Test facilities for environmental hazards.

[Core] [23% incumbents] Develop or maintain medical monitoring programs for employees.
  DWAs: Design public or employee health programs.

[Core] [23% incumbents] Collect samples of hazardous materials or arrange for sample collection.
  DWAs: Test facilities for environmental hazards.

[Supplemental] [23% incumbents] Maintain inventories of hazardous materials or hazardous wastes, using waste tracking systems to ensure that materials are handled properly.
  DWAs: Monitor the handling of hazardous materials or medical wastes. | Maintain inventory of medical supplies or equipment.

[Supplemental] [23% incumbents] Prepare hazardous, radioactive, or mixed waste samples for transportation or storage by treating, compacting, packaging, and labeling them.
  DWAs: Prepare hazardous waste for processing or disposal. | Package products for storage or shipment. | Package materials for transport.

[Supplemental] [23% incumbents] Perform laboratory analyses or physical inspections of samples to detect disease or to assess purity or cleanliness.
  DWAs: Analyze laboratory specimens to detect abnormalities or other problems.

--- SKILLS ---
  Reading Comprehension (imp:4.00 lvl:4.00) — Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work-related documents.
  Active Listening (imp:4.00 lvl:4.00) — Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand
  Writing (imp:4.00 lvl:4.00) — Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the audienc
  Speaking (imp:4.00 lvl:4.00) — Talking to others to convey information effectively.
  Critical Thinking (imp:3.75 lvl:4.00) — Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternativ
  Monitoring (imp:3.62 lvl:4.00) — Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or organization
  Active Learning (imp:3.38 lvl:3.88) — Understanding the implications of new information for both current and future pr
  Mathematics (imp:3.00 lvl:3.25) — Using mathematics to solve problems.
  Learning Strategies (imp:3.00 lvl:3.62) — Selecting and using training/instructional methods and procedures appropriate fo
  Science (imp:2.75 lvl:3.00) — Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems.

--- KNOWLEDGE ---
  English Language (imp:3.96 lvl:4.52) — Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the mea
  Chemistry (imp:3.91 lvl:4.48) — Knowledge of the chemical composition, structure, and properties of substances a
  Education and Training (imp:3.83 lvl:5.30) — Knowledge of principles and methods for curriculum and training design, teaching
  Mathematics (imp:3.78 lvl:4.43) — Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their appl
  Customer and Personal Service (imp:3.74 lvl:5.04) — Knowledge of principles and processes for providing customer and personal servic
  Engineering and Technology (imp:3.59 lvl:4.17) — Knowledge of the practical application of engineering science and technology. Th
  Biology (imp:3.57 lvl:4.35) — Knowledge of plant and animal organisms, their tissues, cells, functions, interd
  Law and Government (imp:3.52 lvl:3.78) — Knowledge of laws, legal codes, court procedures, precedents, government regulat
  Public Safety and Security (imp:3.48 lvl:4.35) — Knowledge of relevant equipment, policies, procedures, and strategies to promote
  Administration and Management (imp:3.43 lvl:4.17) — Knowledge of business and management principles involved in strategic planning, 
  Building and Construction (imp:3.26 lvl:3.78) — Knowledge of materials, methods, and the tools involved in the construction or r
  Mechanical (imp:3.22 lvl:3.87) — Knowledge of machines and tools, including their designs, uses, repair, and main
  Computers and Electronics (imp:3.17 lvl:4.04) — Knowledge of circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and comput
  Administrative (imp:3.09 lvl:3.87) — Knowledge of administrative and office procedures and systems such as word proce
  Production and Processing (imp:3.04 lvl:3.39) — Knowledge of raw materials, production processes, quality control, costs, and ot
  Design (imp:3.00 lvl:3.70) — Knowledge of design techniques, tools, and principles involved in production of 
  Physics (imp:3.00 lvl:3.78) — Knowledge and prediction of physical principles, laws, their interrelationships,
  Psychology (imp:2.96 lvl:3.70) — Knowledge of human behavior and performance; individual differences in ability, 
  Personnel and Human Resources (imp:2.91 lvl:3.52) — Knowledge of principles and procedures for personnel recruitment, selection, tra
  Communications and Media (imp:2.87 lvl:3.17) — Knowledge of media production, communication, and dissemination techniques and m
  Medicine and Dentistry (imp:2.74 lvl:3.22) — Knowledge of the information and techniques needed to diagnose and treat human i
  Economics and Accounting (imp:2.35 lvl:1.83) — Knowledge of economic and accounting principles and practices, the financial mar
  Transportation (imp:2.30 lvl:2.43) — Knowledge of principles and methods for moving people or goods by air, rail, sea
  Therapy and Counseling (imp:2.26 lvl:2.65) — Knowledge of principles, methods, and procedures for diagnosis, treatment, and r
  Geography (imp:2.22 lvl:2.74) — Knowledge of principles and methods for describing the features of land, sea, an
  Telecommunications (imp:2.22 lvl:1.91) — Knowledge of transmission, broadcasting, switching, control, and operation of te
  Sociology and Anthropology (imp:2.13 lvl:2.48) — Knowledge of group behavior and dynamics, societal trends and influences, human 
  Sales and Marketing (imp:2.09 lvl:2.23) — Knowledge of principles and methods for showing, promoting, and selling products
  Foreign Language (imp:1.96 lvl:1.96) — Knowledge of the structure and content of a foreign (non-English) language inclu
  Philosophy and Theology (imp:1.91 lvl:2.26) — Knowledge of different philosophical systems and religions. This includes their 
  History and Archeology (imp:1.61 lvl:1.48) — Knowledge of historical events and their causes, indicators, and effects on civi
  Food Production (imp:1.35 lvl:0.70) — Knowledge of techniques and equipment for planting, growing, and harvesting food
  Fine Arts (imp:1.26 lvl:0.61) — Knowledge of the theory and techniques required to compose, produce, and perform

--- ABILITIES ---
  Oral Comprehension (imp:4.00 lvl:4.12) — The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through 
  Oral Expression (imp:4.00 lvl:4.50) — The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will unde
  Problem Sensitivity (imp:4.00 lvl:4.88) — The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does no
  Deductive Reasoning (imp:4.00 lvl:4.12) — The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that 
  Inductive Reasoning (imp:4.00 lvl:4.12) — The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusion
  Near Vision (imp:4.00 lvl:4.00) — The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the observer).
  Written Comprehension (imp:3.88 lvl:4.00) — The ability to read and understand information and ideas presented in writing.
  Written Expression (imp:3.88 lvl:4.00) — The ability to communicate information and ideas in writing so others will under
  Flexibility of Closure (imp:3.88 lvl:3.88) — The ability to identify or detect a known pattern (a figure, object, word, or so
  Information Ordering (imp:3.75 lvl:3.88) — The ability to arrange things or actions in a certain order or pattern according
  Speech Recognition (imp:3.75 lvl:3.62) — The ability to identify and understand the speech of another person.
  Speech Clarity (imp:3.75 lvl:3.75) — The ability to speak clearly so others can understand you.
  Category Flexibility (imp:3.25 lvl:3.75) — The ability to generate or use different sets of rules for combining or grouping
  Fluency of Ideas (imp:3.12 lvl:3.12) — The ability to come up with a number of ideas about a topic (the number of ideas
  Mathematical Reasoning (imp:3.12 lvl:3.00) — The ability to choose the right mathematical methods or formulas to solve a prob
  Perceptual Speed (imp:3.12 lvl:3.00) — The ability to quickly and accurately compare similarities and differences among
  Selective Attention (imp:3.12 lvl:3.00) — The ability to concentrate on a task over a period of time without being distrac
  Far Vision (imp:3.12 lvl:3.50) — The ability to see details at a distance.
  Originality (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to come up with unusual or clever ideas about a given topic or situa
  Number Facility (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to add, subtract, multiply, or divide quickly and correctly.
  Speed of Closure (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to quickly make sense of, combine, and organize information into mea
  Visualization (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to imagine how something will look after it is moved around or when 
  Time Sharing (imp:2.88 lvl:3.00) — The ability to shift back and forth between two or more activities or sources of
  Memorization (imp:2.75 lvl:2.88) — The ability to remember information such as words, numbers, pictures, and proced
  Visual Color Discrimination (imp:2.75 lvl:3.00) — The ability to match or detect differences between colors, including shades of c
  Auditory Attention (imp:2.75 lvl:2.75) — The ability to focus on a single source of sound in the presence of other distra
  Finger Dexterity (imp:2.50 lvl:2.50) — The ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the fingers of one or bot
  Hearing Sensitivity (imp:2.38 lvl:2.62) — The ability to detect or tell the differences between sounds that vary in pitch 
  Spatial Orientation (imp:2.00 lvl:1.25) — The ability to know your location in relation to the environment or to know wher
  Arm-Hand Steadiness (imp:2.00 lvl:1.50) — The ability to keep your hand and arm steady while moving your arm or while hold
  Manual Dexterity (imp:2.00 lvl:1.50) — The ability to quickly move your hand, your hand together with your arm, or your
  Control Precision (imp:2.00 lvl:1.88) — The ability to quickly and repeatedly adjust the controls of a machine or a vehi
  Multilimb Coordination (imp:2.00 lvl:1.75) — The ability to coordinate two or more limbs (for example, two arms, two legs, or
  Reaction Time (imp:2.00 lvl:1.75) — The ability to quickly respond (with the hand, finger, or foot) to a signal (sou
  Static Strength (imp:2.00 lvl:1.25) — The ability to exert maximum muscle force to lift, push, pull, or carry objects.
  Trunk Strength (imp:2.00 lvl:2.00) — The ability to use your abdominal and lower back muscles to support part of the 
  Gross Body Equilibrium (imp:2.00 lvl:1.00) — The ability to keep or regain your body balance or stay upright when in an unsta
  Depth Perception (imp:2.00 lvl:2.00) — The ability to judge which of several objects is closer or farther away from you
  Sound Localization (imp:2.00 lvl:1.25) — The ability to tell the direction from which a sound originated.
  Stamina (imp:1.88 lvl:0.88) — The ability to exert yourself physically over long periods of time without getti
  Extent Flexibility (imp:1.88 lvl:1.12) — The ability to bend, stretch, twist, or reach with your body, arms, and/or legs.
  Glare Sensitivity (imp:1.88 lvl:0.88) — The ability to see objects in the presence of a glare or bright lighting.
  Rate Control (imp:1.75 lvl:0.75) — The ability to time your movements or the movement of a piece of equipment in an
  Response Orientation (imp:1.50 lvl:0.50) — The ability to choose quickly between two or more movements in response to two o
  Wrist-Finger Speed (imp:1.50 lvl:0.50) — The ability to make fast, simple, repeated movements of the fingers, hands, and 
  Explosive Strength (imp:1.50 lvl:0.62) — The ability to use short bursts of muscle force to propel oneself (as in jumping
  Dynamic Strength (imp:1.50 lvl:0.50) — The ability to exert muscle force repeatedly or continuously over time. This inv
  Gross Body Coordination (imp:1.50 lvl:0.50) — The ability to coordinate the movement of your arms, legs, and torso together wh
  Peripheral Vision (imp:1.50 lvl:0.50) — The ability to see objects or movement of objects to one's side when the eyes ar
  Night Vision (imp:1.38 lvl:0.38) — The ability to see under low-light conditions.
  Speed of Limb Movement (imp:1.00) — The ability to quickly move the arms and legs.
  Dynamic Flexibility (imp:1.00) — The ability to quickly and repeatedly bend, stretch, twist, or reach out with yo

--- WORK ACTIVITIES ---
  Getting Information (imp:4.57 lvl:5.17) — Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from all relevant sour
  Evaluating Information to Determine Compliance with Standards (imp:4.48 lvl:4.87) — Using relevant information and individual judgment to determine whether events o
  Documenting/Recording Information (imp:4.43 lvl:4.57) — Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining information in writte
  Analyzing Data or Information (imp:4.39 lvl:5.17) — Identifying the underlying principles, reasons, or facts of information by break
  Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge (imp:4.39 lvl:5.35) — Keeping up-to-date technically and applying new knowledge to your job.
  Making Decisions and Solving Problems (imp:4.32 lvl:5.13) — Analyzing information and evaluating results to choose the best solution and sol
  Monitoring Processes, Materials, or Surroundings (imp:4.30 lvl:5.09) — Monitoring and reviewing information from materials, events, or the environment,
  Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events (imp:4.30 lvl:4.96) — Identifying information by categorizing, estimating, recognizing differences or 
  Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates (imp:4.22 lvl:5.05) — Providing information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone,
  Training and Teaching Others (imp:4.22 lvl:4.61) — Identifying the educational needs of others, developing formal educational or tr
  Working with Computers (imp:4.18 lvl:3.74) — Using computers and computer systems (including hardware and software) to progra
  Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships (imp:4.13 lvl:5.09) — Developing constructive and cooperative working relationships with others, and m
  Providing Consultation and Advice to Others (imp:4.13 lvl:5.26) — Providing guidance and expert advice to management or other groups on technical,
  Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others (imp:4.09 lvl:4.13) — Translating or explaining what information means and how it can be used.
  Processing Information (imp:4.04 lvl:4.96) — Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, or verifying
  Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Materials (imp:4.00 lvl:4.30) — Inspecting equipment, structures, or materials to identify the cause of errors o
  Communicating with People Outside the Organization (imp:3.96 lvl:4.70) — Communicating with people outside the organization, representing the organizatio
  Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work (imp:3.91 lvl:5.13) — Developing specific goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and accomplish your
  Coaching and Developing Others (imp:3.74 lvl:4.70) — Identifying the developmental needs of others and coaching, mentoring, or otherw
  Developing and Building Teams (imp:3.70 lvl:3.96) — Encouraging and building mutual trust, respect, and cooperation among team membe
  Coordinating the Work and Activities of Others (imp:3.68 lvl:4.64) — Getting members of a group to work together to accomplish tasks.
  Resolving Conflicts and Negotiating with Others (imp:3.65 lvl:4.48) — Handling complaints, settling disputes, and resolving grievances and conflicts, 
  Scheduling Work and Activities (imp:3.61 lvl:4.04) — Scheduling events, programs, and activities, as well as the work of others.
  Performing Administrative Activities (imp:3.59 lvl:3.70) — Performing day-to-day administrative tasks such as maintaining information files
  Developing Objectives and Strategies (imp:3.57 lvl:4.18) — Establishing long-range objectives and specifying the strategies and actions to 
  Selling or Influencing Others (imp:3.52 lvl:4.52) — Convincing others to buy merchandise/goods or to otherwise change their minds or
  Judging the Qualities of Objects, Services, or People (imp:3.45 lvl:4.09) — Assessing the value, importance, or quality of things or people.
  Assisting and Caring for Others (imp:3.45 lvl:3.91) — Providing personal assistance, medical attention, emotional support, or other pe
  Thinking Creatively (imp:3.36 lvl:4.09) — Developing, designing, or creating new applications, ideas, relationships, syste
  Guiding, Directing, and Motivating Subordinates (imp:3.35 lvl:4.22) — Providing guidance and direction to subordinates, including setting performance 
  Estimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or Information (imp:3.17 lvl:3.74) — Estimating sizes, distances, and quantities; or determining time, costs, resourc
  Performing General Physical Activities (imp:3.09 lvl:3.61) — Performing general physical activities includes doing activities that require co
  Monitoring and Controlling Resources (imp:3.00 lvl:3.65) — Monitoring and controlling resources and overseeing the spending of money.
  Operating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or Equipment (imp:2.82 lvl:2.45) — Running, maneuvering, navigating, or driving vehicles or mechanized equipment, s
  Handling and Moving Objects (imp:2.77 lvl:3.78) — Using hands and arms in handling, installing, positioning, and moving materials,
  Performing for or Working Directly with the Public (imp:2.61 lvl:2.96) — Performing for people or dealing directly with the public. This includes serving
  Staffing Organizational Units (imp:2.61 lvl:2.78) — Recruiting, interviewing, selecting, hiring, and promoting employees in an organ
  Repairing and Maintaining Electronic Equipment (imp:2.52 lvl:2.61) — Servicing, repairing, calibrating, regulating, fine-tuning, or testing machines,
  Drafting, Laying Out, and Specifying Technical Devices, Parts, and Equipment (imp:2.50 lvl:3.14) — Providing documentation, detailed instructions, drawings, or specifications to t
  Controlling Machines and Processes (imp:2.36 lvl:2.43) — Using either control mechanisms or direct physical activity to operate machines 
  Repairing and Maintaining Mechanical Equipment (imp:2.30 lvl:2.61) — Servicing, repairing, adjusting, and testing machines, devices, moving parts, an

--- WORK STYLES ---
  Dependability (imp:5.00) — A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related o
  Attention to Detail (imp:4.00) — A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
  Integrity (imp:3.00) — A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
  Cautiousness (imp:2.74) — A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related
  Attention to Detail (imp:2.67) — A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
  Dependability (imp:2.65) — A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related o
  Integrity (imp:2.43) — A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
  Intellectual Curiosity (imp:2.12) — A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep 
  Cautiousness (imp:2.00) — A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related
  Stress Tolerance (imp:1.99) — A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
  Perseverance (imp:1.97) — A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in 
  Cooperation (imp:1.88) — A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
  Achievement Orientation (imp:1.86) — A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, 
  Self-Control (imp:1.77) — A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in res
  Adaptability (imp:1.75) — A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas 
  Self-Confidence (imp:1.66) — A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control 
  Initiative (imp:1.59) — A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may
  Leadership Orientation (imp:1.50) — A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
  Sincerity (imp:1.39) — A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, withou
  Tolerance for Ambiguity (imp:1.37) — A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
  Empathy (imp:1.27) — A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feel
  Social Orientation (imp:1.13) — A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
  Innovation (imp:1.07) — A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on 
  Intellectual Curiosity (imp:1.00) — A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep 
  Humility (imp:0.78) — A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
  Optimism (imp:0.66) — A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even un
  Innovation () — A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on 
  Achievement Orientation () — A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, 
  Tolerance for Ambiguity () — A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
  Initiative () — A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may
  Adaptability () — A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas 
  Self-Confidence () — A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control 
  Perseverance () — A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in 
  Leadership Orientation () — A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
  Humility () — A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
  Sincerity () — A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, withou
  Empathy () — A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feel
  Cooperation () — A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
  Optimism () — A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even un
  Social Orientation () — A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
  Stress Tolerance () — A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
  Self-Control () — A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in res

--- TRANSFERABLE SKILLS ---
  Social Perceptiveness (imp:3.75 lvl:3.75) — Being aware of others' reactions and understanding why they react as they do.
  Complex Problem Solving (imp:3.75 lvl:3.62) — Identifying complex problems and reviewing related information to develop and ev
  Judgment and Decision Making (imp:3.75 lvl:3.75) — Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential actions to choose the m
  Systems Analysis (imp:3.75 lvl:3.62) — Determining how a system should work and how changes in conditions, operations, 
  Systems Evaluation (imp:3.75 lvl:3.75) — Identifying measures or indicators of system performance and the actions needed 
  Instructing (imp:3.25 lvl:3.38) — Teaching others how to do something.
  Persuasion (imp:3.12 lvl:3.62) — Persuading others to change their minds or behavior.
  Quality Control Analysis (imp:3.12 lvl:3.38) — Conducting tests and inspections of products, services, or processes to evaluate
  Coordination (imp:3.00 lvl:3.12) — Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions.
  Service Orientation (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — Actively looking for ways to help people.
  Operations Analysis (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — Analyzing needs and product requirements to create a design.
  Operations Monitoring (imp:3.00 lvl:3.50) — Watching gauges, dials, or other indicators to make sure a machine is working pr
  Time Management (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — Managing one's own time and the time of others.
  Negotiation (imp:2.88 lvl:2.88) — Bringing others together and trying to reconcile differences.
  Management of Personnel Resources (imp:2.50 lvl:3.00) — Motivating, developing, and directing people as they work, identifying the best 
  Equipment Selection (imp:2.00 lvl:1.12) — Determining the kind of tools and equipment needed to do a job.
  Operation and Control (imp:2.00 lvl:2.00) — Controlling operations of equipment or systems.
  Troubleshooting (imp:2.00 lvl:2.12) — Determining causes of operating errors and deciding what to do about it.
  Management of Financial Resources (imp:2.00 lvl:1.75) — Determining how money will be spent to get the work done, and accounting for the
  Management of Material Resources (imp:2.00 lvl:1.88) — Obtaining and seeing to the appropriate use of equipment, facilities, and materi
  Technology Design (imp:1.88 lvl:1.00) — Generating or adapting equipment and technology to serve user needs.
  Programming (imp:1.88 lvl:1.12) — Writing computer programs for various purposes.
  Equipment Maintenance (imp:1.38 lvl:0.50) — Performing routine maintenance on equipment and determining when and what kind o
  Repairing (imp:1.38 lvl:0.38) — Repairing machines or systems using the needed tools.
  Installation (imp:1.00) — Installing equipment, machines, wiring, or programs to meet specifications.

--- NATIONAL WAGES ---
  total_employment : 140,610
  annual_median    : $90,150
  annual_pct10     : $55,000
  annual_pct25     : $69,560
  annual_pct75     : $111,690
  annual_pct90     : $134,950
  annual_mean      : $93,860
  hourly_median    : $43.34

--- GEOGRAPHIC DISPERSION ---
  highest_state    : District of Columbia ($111,530)
  lowest_state     : Puerto Rico ($45,630)
  dispersion_ratio : 2.444x

--- TOP STATES BY WAGE (53 total) ---
  Manufacturing                            emp:   24,780  median: $  91,590
  Construction                             emp:   23,810  median: $  94,670
  Federal, State, and Local Government, excluding State and Local Government Schools and Hospitals and the U.S. Postal Service (OEWS Designation) emp:   23,470  median: $  89,770
  Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services emp:   14,590  median: $  86,740
  Transportation and Warehousing           emp:   12,000  median: $  77,920
  Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services emp:    6,480  median: $  83,170
  Health Care and Social Assistance        emp:    6,180  median: $  94,550
  Management of Companies and Enterprises  emp:    6,070  median: $ 100,520
  Educational Services                     emp:    5,390  median: $  82,760
  Wholesale Trade                          emp:    4,720  median: $  89,760

--- TOP INDUSTRIES BY EMPLOYMENT (20 total) ---
  Manufacturing                            emp:   24,780  median: $  91,590
  Construction                             emp:   23,810  median: $  94,670
  Federal, State, and Local Government, excluding State and Local Government Schools and Hospitals and the U.S. Postal Service (OEWS Designation) emp:   23,470  median: $  89,770
  Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services emp:   14,590  median: $  86,740
  Transportation and Warehousing           emp:   12,000  median: $  77,920
  Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services emp:    6,480  median: $  83,170
  Health Care and Social Assistance        emp:    6,180  median: $  94,550
  Management of Companies and Enterprises  emp:    6,070  median: $ 100,520
  Educational Services                     emp:    5,390  median: $  82,760
  Wholesale Trade                          emp:    4,720  median: $  89,760

exact_match_status : found
matched_title      : Occupational safety and health
match_score        : 0.6667
wikidata_qid       : Q629029
word_count         : 12,243
wikipedia_url      : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupational_safety_and_health
license            : CC BY-SA 4.0
fetched_at         : 2026-06-02T20:57:12.520134Z

--- WIKIPEDIA FULL TEXT ---
Occupational safety and health (OSH) or occupational health and safety (OHS) is a multidisciplinary field concerned with the safety, health, and welfare of people at work (i.e., while performing duties required by one's occupation). OSH is related to the fields of occupational medicine and occupational hygiene and aligns with workplace health promotion initiatives. OSH also protects all the general public who may be affected by the occupational environment.
According to the official estimates of the United Nations, the WHO/ILO Joint Estimate of the Work-related Burden of Disease and Injury, almost 2 million people die each year due to exposure to occupational risk factors. Globally, more than 2.78 million people die annually as a result of workplace-related accidents or diseases, corresponding to one death every fifteen seconds. There are an additional 374 million non-fatal work-related injuries annually. It is estimated that the economic burden of occupational-related injury and death is nearly four per cent of the global gross domestic product each year. The human cost of this adversity is enormous.
In common-law jurisdictions, employers have the common law duty (also called duty of care) to take reasonable care of the safety of their employees. Statute law may, in addition, impose other general duties, introduce specific duties, and create government bodies with powers to regulate occupational safety issues. Details of this vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction.
Prevention of workplace incidents and occupational diseases is addressed through the implementation of occupational safety and health programs at company level.


== Definitions ==
The International Labour Organization (ILO) and the World Health Organization (WHO) share a common definition of occupational health. It was first adopted by the Joint ILO/WHO Committee on Occupational Health at its first session in 1950:

Occupational health should aim at the promotion and maintenance of the highest degree of physical, mental and social well-being of workers in all occupations; the prevention amongst workers of departures from health caused by their working conditions; the protection of workers in their employment from risks resulting from factors adverse to health; the placing and maintenance of the worker in an occupational environment adapted to his physiological and psychological capabilities and; to summarize: the adaptation of work to man and of each man to his job.
In 1995, a consensus statement was added:

The main focus in occupational health is on three different objectives: (i) the maintenance and promotion of workers' health and working capacity; (ii) the improvement of working environment and work to become conducive to safety and health and (iii) development of work organizations and working cultures in a direction which supports health and safety at work and in doing so also promotes a positive social climate and smooth operation and may enhance productivity of the undertakings. The concept of working culture is intended in this context to mean a reflection of the essential value systems adopted by the undertaking concerned. Such a culture is reflected in practice in the managerial systems, personnel policy, principles for participation, training policies and quality management of the undertaking.An alternative definition for occupational health given by the WHO is: "occupational health deals with all aspects of health and safety in the workplace and has a strong focus on primary prevention of hazards."
The expression "occupational health", as originally adopted by the WHO and the ILO, refers to both short- and long-term adverse health effects. In more recent times, the expressions "occupational safety and health" and "occupational health and safety" have come into use (and have also been adopted in works by the ILO), based on the general understanding that occupational health refers to hazards associated to disease and long-term effects, while occupational safety hazards are those associated to work accidents causing injury and sudden severe conditions.


== History ==
Research and regulation of occupational safety and health are a relatively recent phenomenon. As labor movements arose in response to worker concerns in the wake of the industrial revolution, workers' safety and health entered consideration as a labor-related issue.


=== Beginnings ===

Written works on occupational diseases began to appear by the end of the 15th century, when demand for gold and silver was rising due to the increase in trade and iron, copper, and lead were also in demand from the nascent firearms market. Deeper mining became common as a consequence. In 1473, Ulrich Ellenbog, a German physician, wrote a short treatise On the Poisonous Wicked Fumes and Smokes, focused on coal, nitric acid, lead, and mercury fumes encountered by metal workers and goldsmiths. In 1587, Paracelsus (1493–1541) published the first work on the mine and smelter workers diseases. In it, he gave accounts of miners' "lung sickness". In 1526, Georgius Agricola's (1494–1553) De re metallica, a treatise on metallurgy, described accidents and diseases prevalent among miners and recommended practices to prevent them. Like Paracelsus, Agricola mentioned the dust that "eats away the lungs, and implants consumption."
The seeds of state intervention to correct social ills were sown during the reign of Elizabeth I by the Poor Laws, which originated in attempts to alleviate hardship arising from widespread poverty. While they were perhaps more to do with a need to contain unrest than morally motivated, they were significant in transferring responsibility for helping the needy from private hands to the state.
In 1713, Bernardino Ramazzini (1633–1714), often described as the father of occupational medicine and a precursor to occupational health, published his De morbis artificum diatriba (Dissertation on Workers' Diseases), which outlined the health hazards of chemicals, dust, metals, repetitive or violent motions, odd postures, and other disease-causative agents encountered by workers in more than fifty occupations. It was the first broad-ranging presentation of occupational diseases.
Percivall Pott (1714–1788), an English surgeon, described cancer in chimney sweeps (chimney sweeps' carcinoma), the first recognition of an occupational cancer in history.


=== The Industrial Revolution in Britain ===

The United Kingdom was the first nation to industrialize. Soon shocking evidence emerged of serious physical and moral harm suffered by children and young persons in the cotton textile mills, as a result of exploitation of cheap labor in the factory system. Responding to calls for remedial action from philanthropists and some of the more enlightened employers, in 1802 Sir Robert Peel, himself a mill owner, introduced a bill to Parliament with the aim of improving their conditions. This would engender the Health and Morals of Apprentices Act 1802, generally believed to be the first attempt to regulate conditions of work in the United Kingdom. The act applied only to cotton textile mills and required employers to keep premises clean and healthy by twice yearly washings with quicklime, to ensure there were sufficient windows to admit fresh air, and to supply "apprentices" (i.e., pauper and orphan employees) with "sufficient and suitable" clothing and accommodation for sleeping. It was the first of the 19th century Factory Acts.
Charles Thackrah (1795–1833), another pioneer of occupational medicine, wrote a report on The State of Children Employed in Cotton Factories, which was sent to the Parliament in 1818. Thackrah recognized issues of inequalities of health in the workplace, with manufacturing in towns causing higher mortality than agriculture.
The Factory Act 1833 created a dedicated professional Factory Inspectorate. The initial remit of the Inspectorate was to police restrictions on the working hours in the textile industry of childre

--- SEMANTIC NEIGHBORS (5) ---

  Title: Institution of Occupational Safety and Health (similarity: 0.5517)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institution_of_Occupational_Safety_and_Health
  QID: Q4041433
  Extract: The Institution of Occupational Safety and Health (IOSH) is a global organisation for health and safety professionals, based in the UK.

  Title: European Agency for Safety and Health at Work (similarity: 0.3448)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Agency_for_Safety_and_Health_at_Work
  QID: Q571118
  Extract: The European Agency for Safety and Health at Work (EU-OSHA) is a decentralised agency of the European Union with the task of collecting, analysing and disseminating relevant information that can serve the needs of businesses, governments and specialists involved in safety and health at work. Set up 

  Title: National Examination Board in Occupational Safety and Health (similarity: 0.4706)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Examination_Board_in_Occupational_Safety_and_Health
  QID: Q4044827
  Extract: The National Examination Board in Occupational Safety and Health is a UK-based examination board offering qualifications in health, safety, environment and wellbeing management.

  Title: Occupational medicine (similarity: 0.5397)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupational_medicine
  QID: Q628764
  Extract: Occupational and Environmental Medicine (OEM), previously called industrial medicine, is a board certified medical specialty under the American Board of Preventative Medicine that specializes in the prevention and treatment of work-related illnesses and injuries.

  Title: Laboratory (similarity: 0.1923)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laboratory
  QID: Q483242
  Extract: A laboratory is a facility that provides controlled conditions in which scientific or technological research, experiments, and measurement may be performed. Laboratories are found in a variety of settings such as schools, universities, privately owned research institutions, corporate research and te

model_pass1          : claude-sonnet-4-20250514
model_pass2          : claude-haiku-4-5-20251001
inference_confidence : high
confidence_notes     : Strong confidence based on comprehensive O*NET data, clear Wikipedia match, detailed work activities, and robust related occupation network showing established career pathways and skill relationships.
inferred_at          : 2026-06-03T16:20:39.926971+00:00
tokens_input         : 4,781
tokens_output        : 4,284
cost_usd             : $0.047337
wikipedia_used       : True
wikipedia_title      : Occupational safety and health
wikipedia_note       : The Wikipedia match confirms this is a multidisciplinary field focused on worker safety, health, and welfare, aligning with the O*NET description of professionals who control and prevent workplace hazards. The entry emphasizes the broad scope including occupational medicine and hygiene, which matches the chemistry and biology knowledge requirements in the occupation data.

--- PROSE FIELDS ---

ROLE SUMMARY:
Occupational Health and Safety Specialists are scientific professionals who protect workers by identifying, evaluating, and controlling workplace hazards that could cause injury or illness. They conduct inspections, analyze environmental data, and develop safety programs to ensure compliance with health regulations across diverse work environments. These specialists serve as the critical link between scientific knowledge and practical workplace safety implementation.

DAY IN THE LIFE:
Specialists begin by reviewing workplace environments, collecting air samples and conducting noise surveys to identify potential chemical, physical, or biological hazards. They analyze data from continuous atmosphere monitoring systems and evaluate compliance with OSHA standards and government regulations. Much of the day involves documenting findings, writing detailed reports, and making decisions about whether to recommend work stoppages or safety modifications. They collaborate with engineers and physicians to design remedial measures, then conduct safety training programs to educate workers on proper equipment use and hazard recognition. When accidents occur, they investigate root causes and develop prevention strategies for future incidents.

WHO THRIVES:
This role attracts detail-oriented investigative minds who excel at systematic problem-solving and critical thinking under pressure. Successful specialists possess strong analytical abilities combined with excellent communication skills, as they must translate complex scientific data into actionable safety recommendations for diverse audiences. They demonstrate high dependability and integrity, understanding that their decisions directly impact worker health and organizational liability. The work appeals to those with a service orientation who find satisfaction in protecting others, while also enjoying the intellectual challenge of applying scientific knowledge to real-world safety problems.

CAREER ENTRY:
Entry requires a bachelor's degree, with 73.9% of professionals holding this qualification according to educational distribution data. Common degree fields include occupational health, environmental science, safety engineering, or related scientific disciplines with coursework in chemistry, biology, and mathematics. Many positions require or prefer professional certifications such as Certified Industrial Hygienist (CIH) or safety management credentials. Entry-level roles often begin in manufacturing, construction, or government settings where new specialists gain hands-on experience with workplace inspections and regulatory compliance.

CAREER TRAJECTORY:
Career advancement typically leads to senior specialist roles, safety management positions, or consulting opportunities in specialized industries. Many professionals pursue additional certifications and may transition into Environmental Health and Safety (EHS) management roles overseeing comprehensive safety programs. Some advance to become Health and Safety Engineers, focusing on system design and engineering controls, while others move into regulatory compliance or government inspection roles. The growing emphasis on workplace safety creates opportunities for specialists to become organizational leaders driving safety culture transformation.

MARKET INTELLIGENCE:
The field employs 140,610 professionals with a median annual salary of $90,150 according to BLS OEWS May 2025 data, with earnings ranging from $55,000 to $134,950 across the 10th to 90th percentiles. Geographic variation is significant, with the District of Columbia offering the highest wages at $111,530 compared to Puerto Rico's $45,630, representing a 2.44x ratio difference. Employment is concentrated in manufacturing (24,780 positions), construction (23,810), and government sectors (23,470), reflecting the universal need for workplace safety expertise. The Job Zone 4 classification indicates considerable preparation is needed, supporting the strong wage premiums and career stability in this field.

AUTOMATION OUTLOOK:
The core investigative and analytical activities show moderate automation resistance, as workplace safety assessment requires human judgment, complex problem-solving, and nuanced evaluation of compliance standards. While data collection tools and monitoring equipment continue to advance, the critical thinking required for hazard identification, accident investigation, and safety program design remains fundamentally human-centered. The high importance of social perceptiveness and communication skills further protects these roles from automation displacement.

--- REASONED EDGES ---
  [career_pathway] Health and Safety Engineers, Except Mining Safety Engineers and Inspectors (17-2111.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both roles share engineering and technology knowledge with similar problem sensitivity abilities, representing natural career progression from specialist to engineering roles.
    data: Engineering and Technology knowledge 3.6 importance
    data: Problem Sensitivity ability 4.0 importance
    data: O*NET Primary-Short relationship
  [skill_overlap] Occupational Health and Safety Technicians (19-5012.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Shares identical core work activities including monitoring processes, evaluating compliance, and documenting information with similar RIASEC investigative profile.
    data: Monitoring Processes work activity 4.3 importance
    data: Evaluating Compliance 4.5 importance
    data: Investigative RIASEC code 4.98
  [task_similarity] Environmental Compliance Inspectors (13-1041.01) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both roles conduct inspections to ensure compliance with standards and investigate environmental factors that could affect health and safety.
    data: Inspect workplace environments task
    data: Compliance evaluation work activity 4.5 importance
    data: Law and Government knowledge 3.5 importance
  [knowledge_overlap] Environmental Science and Protection Technicians, Including Health (19-4042.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Shared chemistry and biology knowledge bases with similar sample collection and analysis responsibilities in environmental health contexts.
    data: Chemistry knowledge 3.9 importance
    data: Biology knowledge 3.6 importance
    data: Collect samples for analysis task
  [riasec_cluster] Environmental Scientists and Specialists, Including Health (19-2041.00) — confidence:medium
    reasoning: Both share investigative-conventional RIASEC profiles with strong analytical and systematic approach to environmental health problems.
    data: Investigative RIASEC 4.98
    data: Conventional RIASEC 4.70
    data: Analyzing Data work activity 4.4 importance

--- NORMALIZER SIGNALS ---
  match_keywords   : ['occupational health', 'safety specialist', 'workplace safety', 'industrial hygiene', 'safety inspector', 'EHS specialist', 'health and safety', 'compliance inspector']
  exclude_keywords : ['mining safety', 'fire inspector', 'food inspector', 'transportation inspector', 'quality control']
  title_patterns   : ['*Safety Specialist*', '*Health and Safety*', '*EHS*', '*Industrial Hygienist*', '*Safety Inspector*']
  common_variations: ['Industrial Hygienist', 'EHS Specialist', 'Safety Inspector', 'Health and Safety Officer', 'Occupational Hygienist', 'Workplace Safety Specialist', 'Safety Compliance Officer', 'Environmental Health Specialist']

total_terms    : 40
top_words      : ['health', 'safety', 'workplace', 'hazards', 'equipment', 'risk', 'others', 'act', 'tendency', 'injuries', 'working', 'osh', 'programs', 'management', 'risks', 'control', 'regulations', 'legislation', 'physical', 'hazard']
source_layers  : onet_tasks | onet_dimensions | dwas | wikipedia | inference

TERM                    COUNT     FREQ  DOMINANT SOURCE      SOURCE BREAKDOWN
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
health                    243  0.02818  wikipedia            wikipedia:92%  dwas:3%  inference:3%
safety                    243  0.02818  wikipedia            wikipedia:85%  inference:8%  dwas:4%
workplace                  82  0.00951  wikipedia            wikipedia:88%  inference:10%  onet_tasks:1%
hazards                    58  0.00673  wikipedia            wikipedia:88%  dwas:5%  inference:5%
equipment                  51  0.00591  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:45%  wikipedia:35%  onet_tasks:12%
risk                       49  0.00568  wikipedia            wikipedia:96%  onet_dimensions:4%
others                     45  0.00522  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:84%  wikipedia:9%  inference:4%
act                        44  0.00510  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
tendency                   43  0.00499  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:98%  wikipedia:2%
injuries                   37  0.00429  wikipedia            wikipedia:95%  onet_tasks:3%  onet_dimensions:3%
working                    36  0.00417  wikipedia            wikipedia:89%  onet_dimensions:11%
osh                        36  0.00417  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
programs                   34  0.00394  wikipedia            wikipedia:53%  dwas:15%  onet_tasks:12%
management                 33  0.00383  wikipedia            wikipedia:67%  onet_dimensions:21%  inference:9%
risks                      31  0.00360  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
control                    30  0.00348  wikipedia            wikipedia:53%  onet_dimensions:40%  onet_tasks:3%
regulations                28  0.00325  wikipedia            wikipedia:79%  onet_tasks:7%  onet_dimensions:7%
legislation                28  0.00325  wikipedia            wikipedia:96%  onet_tasks:4%
physical                   28  0.00325  wikipedia            wikipedia:71%  onet_dimensions:21%  onet_tasks:4%
hazard                     28  0.00325  wikipedia            wikipedia:93%  inference:7%
organization               27  0.00313  wikipedia            wikipedia:85%  onet_dimensions:15%
hazardous                  26  0.00301  wikipedia            wikipedia:50%  onet_tasks:38%  dwas:12%
accidents                  26  0.00301  wikipedia            wikipedia:81%  onet_tasks:12%  dwas:4%
injury                     26  0.00301  wikipedia            wikipedia:96%  inference:4%
materials                  25  0.00290  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:40%  onet_tasks:24%  dwas:20%
states                     25  0.00290  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
standards                  24  0.00278  wikipedia            wikipedia:54%  onet_dimensions:33%  inference:8%
environment                24  0.00278  wikipedia            wikipedia:79%  onet_dimensions:17%  dwas:4%
construction               24  0.00278  wikipedia            wikipedia:83%  onet_dimensions:8%  inference:8%
include                    24  0.00278  wikipedia            wikipedia:96%  inference:4%
social                     23  0.00267  wikipedia            wikipedia:74%  onet_dimensions:22%  inference:4%
government                 22  0.00255  wikipedia            wikipedia:64%  inference:18%  onet_dimensions:14%
diseases                   22  0.00255  wikipedia            wikipedia:95%  onet_dimensions:5%
united                     22  0.00255  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
research                   21  0.00244  wikipedia            wikipedia:95%  onet_dimensions:5%
many                       21  0.00244  wikipedia            wikipedia:90%  inference:10%
service                    20  0.00232  wikipedia            wikipedia:85%  onet_dimensions:10%  inference:5%
human                      20  0.00232  wikipedia            wikipedia:55%  onet_dimensions:35%  inference:10%
osha                       20  0.00232  wikipedia            wikipedia:95%  inference:5%
ministry                   20  0.00232  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%