[Core] [54% incumbents] Read news flashes to inform audiences of important events.
  DWAs: Report news to the public.

[Core] [54% incumbents] Announce musical selections, station breaks, commercials, or public service information, and accept requests from listening audience.
  DWAs: Inform viewers, listeners, or audiences.

[Core] [54% incumbents] Identify stations, and introduce or close shows, ad-libbing or using memorized or read scripts.
  DWAs: Inform viewers, listeners, or audiences.

[Core] [54% incumbents] Study background information to prepare for programs or interviews.
  DWAs: Gather information for news stories.

[Core] [54% incumbents] Prepare and deliver news, sports, or weather reports, gathering and rewriting material so that it will convey required information and fit specific time slots.
  DWAs: Gather information for news stories. | Edit written materials. | Report news to the public.

[Core] [54% incumbents] Record commercials for later broadcast.
  DWAs: Perform for recordings.

[Core] [54% incumbents] Keep daily program logs to provide information on all elements aired during broadcast, such as musical selections and station promotions.
  DWAs: Maintain logs of production activities.

[Core] [54% incumbents] Develop story lines for broadcasts.
  DWAs: Determine presentation subjects or content.

[Core] [54% incumbents] Write and edit video and scripts for broadcasts.
  DWAs: Write material for artistic or entertainment purposes.

[Core] [54% incumbents] Interview show guests about their lives, their work, or topics of current interest.
  DWAs: Interview others for news or entertainment purposes.

[Core] [54% incumbents] Comment on music and other matters, such as weather or traffic conditions.
  DWAs: Inform viewers, listeners, or audiences.

[Core] [54% incumbents] Make promotional appearances at public or private events to represent their employers.
  DWAs: Promote products, activities, or organizations.

[Core] [54% incumbents] Provide commentary and conduct interviews during sporting events, parades, conventions, or other events.
  DWAs: Inform viewers, listeners, or audiences.

[Core] [54% incumbents] Host civic, charitable, or promotional events broadcast over television or radio.
  DWAs: Host events.

[Core] [54% incumbents] Locate guests to appear on talk or interview shows.
  DWAs: Coordinate logistics for productions or events.

[Core] [54% incumbents] Coordinate games, contests, or other on-air competitions, performing such duties as asking questions and awarding prizes.
  DWAs: Host events.

[Core] [54% incumbents] Attend press conferences to gather information for broadcast.
  DWAs: Gather information for news stories.

[Supplemental] [54% incumbents] Maintain organization of the music library.
  DWAs: Organize informational materials.

[Supplemental] [54% incumbents] Discuss various topics over the telephone with viewers or listeners.
  DWAs: Inform viewers, listeners, or audiences.

[Supplemental] [54% incumbents] Moderate panels or discussion shows on topics such as current affairs, art, or education.
  DWAs: Host events.

[Supplemental] [54% incumbents] Describe or demonstrate products that viewers may purchase through specific shows or in stores.
  DWAs: Promote products, activities, or organizations.

[Core] [53% incumbents] Operate control consoles.
  DWAs: Operate control consoles for sound, lighting or video.

[Supplemental] [53% incumbents] Give network cues permitting selected stations to receive programs.
  DWAs: Operate communications, transmissions, or broadcasting equipment.

[Core] [52% incumbents] Select program content, in conjunction with producers and assistants, based on factors such as program specialties, audience tastes, or requests from the public.
  DWAs: Determine presentation subjects or content.

--- SKILLS ---
  Speaking (imp:4.75 lvl:4.12) — Talking to others to convey information effectively.
  Active Listening (imp:4.00 lvl:4.00) — Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand
  Reading Comprehension (imp:3.88 lvl:4.00) — Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work-related documents.
  Critical Thinking (imp:3.75 lvl:4.00) — Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternativ
  Writing (imp:3.12 lvl:4.00) — Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the audienc
  Active Learning (imp:3.12 lvl:3.12) — Understanding the implications of new information for both current and future pr
  Monitoring (imp:3.00 lvl:3.12) — Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or organization
  Learning Strategies (imp:2.00 lvl:2.12) — Selecting and using training/instructional methods and procedures appropriate fo
  Mathematics (imp:1.75 lvl:0.88) — Using mathematics to solve problems.
  Science (imp:1.00) — Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems.

--- KNOWLEDGE ---
  Communications and Media (imp:4.81 lvl:5.30) — Knowledge of media production, communication, and dissemination techniques and m
  English Language (imp:4.65 lvl:4.65) — Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the mea
  Computers and Electronics (imp:3.84 lvl:3.94) — Knowledge of circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and comput
  Telecommunications (imp:3.71 lvl:3.28) — Knowledge of transmission, broadcasting, switching, control, and operation of te
  Law and Government (imp:2.73 lvl:2.26) — Knowledge of laws, legal codes, court procedures, precedents, government regulat
  Public Safety and Security (imp:2.62 lvl:2.11) — Knowledge of relevant equipment, policies, procedures, and strategies to promote
  Sales and Marketing (imp:2.55 lvl:2.05) — Knowledge of principles and methods for showing, promoting, and selling products
  Administration and Management (imp:2.54 lvl:2.07) — Knowledge of business and management principles involved in strategic planning, 
  Education and Training (imp:2.52 lvl:2.22) — Knowledge of principles and methods for curriculum and training design, teaching
  Customer and Personal Service (imp:2.51 lvl:2.68) — Knowledge of principles and processes for providing customer and personal servic
  Production and Processing (imp:2.51 lvl:1.92) — Knowledge of raw materials, production processes, quality control, costs, and ot
  Engineering and Technology (imp:2.28 lvl:1.87) — Knowledge of the practical application of engineering science and technology. Th
  Fine Arts (imp:2.24 lvl:1.66) — Knowledge of the theory and techniques required to compose, produce, and perform
  History and Archeology (imp:2.21 lvl:1.66) — Knowledge of historical events and their causes, indicators, and effects on civi
  Personnel and Human Resources (imp:2.11 lvl:1.88) — Knowledge of principles and procedures for personnel recruitment, selection, tra
  Administrative (imp:2.04 lvl:1.78) — Knowledge of administrative and office procedures and systems such as word proce
  Geography (imp:2.00 lvl:1.70) — Knowledge of principles and methods for describing the features of land, sea, an
  Philosophy and Theology (imp:1.90 lvl:1.73) — Knowledge of different philosophical systems and religions. This includes their 
  Psychology (imp:1.83 lvl:1.22) — Knowledge of human behavior and performance; individual differences in ability, 
  Transportation (imp:1.71 lvl:1.21) — Knowledge of principles and methods for moving people or goods by air, rail, sea
  Sociology and Anthropology (imp:1.69 lvl:1.25) — Knowledge of group behavior and dynamics, societal trends and influences, human 
  Mathematics (imp:1.65 lvl:1.60) — Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their appl
  Economics and Accounting (imp:1.55) — Knowledge of economic and accounting principles and practices, the financial mar
  Design (imp:1.43) — Knowledge of design techniques, tools, and principles involved in production of 
  Therapy and Counseling (imp:1.35 lvl:0.78) — Knowledge of principles, methods, and procedures for diagnosis, treatment, and r
  Mechanical (imp:1.29 lvl:0.43) — Knowledge of machines and tools, including their designs, uses, repair, and main
  Physics (imp:1.23 lvl:0.39) — Knowledge and prediction of physical principles, laws, their interrelationships,
  Building and Construction (imp:1.20 lvl:0.27) — Knowledge of materials, methods, and the tools involved in the construction or r
  Biology (imp:1.18) — Knowledge of plant and animal organisms, their tissues, cells, functions, interd
  Chemistry (imp:1.16) — Knowledge of the chemical composition, structure, and properties of substances a
  Medicine and Dentistry (imp:1.15) — Knowledge of the information and techniques needed to diagnose and treat human i
  Foreign Language (imp:1.09) — Knowledge of the structure and content of a foreign (non-English) language inclu
  Food Production (imp:1.06) — Knowledge of techniques and equipment for planting, growing, and harvesting food

--- ABILITIES ---
  Oral Expression (imp:5.00 lvl:4.12) — The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will unde
  Speech Clarity (imp:4.75 lvl:4.88) — The ability to speak clearly so others can understand you.
  Oral Comprehension (imp:4.00 lvl:4.00) — The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through 
  Speech Recognition (imp:4.00 lvl:4.00) — The ability to identify and understand the speech of another person.
  Written Comprehension (imp:3.88 lvl:4.00) — The ability to read and understand information and ideas presented in writing.
  Written Expression (imp:3.75 lvl:3.88) — The ability to communicate information and ideas in writing so others will under
  Originality (imp:3.75 lvl:3.88) — The ability to come up with unusual or clever ideas about a given topic or situa
  Fluency of Ideas (imp:3.62 lvl:3.25) — The ability to come up with a number of ideas about a topic (the number of ideas
  Selective Attention (imp:3.38 lvl:3.12) — The ability to concentrate on a task over a period of time without being distrac
  Deductive Reasoning (imp:3.25 lvl:3.62) — The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that 
  Inductive Reasoning (imp:3.25 lvl:3.00) — The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusion
  Problem Sensitivity (imp:3.12 lvl:3.12) — The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does no
  Information Ordering (imp:3.12 lvl:3.12) — The ability to arrange things or actions in a certain order or pattern according
  Near Vision (imp:3.12 lvl:3.12) — The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the observer).
  Category Flexibility (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to generate or use different sets of rules for combining or grouping
  Memorization (imp:3.00 lvl:3.75) — The ability to remember information such as words, numbers, pictures, and proced
  Speed of Closure (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to quickly make sense of, combine, and organize information into mea
  Time Sharing (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to shift back and forth between two or more activities or sources of
  Auditory Attention (imp:2.50 lvl:2.25) — The ability to focus on a single source of sound in the presence of other distra
  Perceptual Speed (imp:2.38 lvl:2.25) — The ability to quickly and accurately compare similarities and differences among
  Flexibility of Closure (imp:2.25 lvl:2.00) — The ability to identify or detect a known pattern (a figure, object, word, or so
  Far Vision (imp:2.25 lvl:2.25) — The ability to see details at a distance.
  Control Precision (imp:2.12 lvl:1.88) — The ability to quickly and repeatedly adjust the controls of a machine or a vehi
  Trunk Strength (imp:2.12 lvl:1.75) — The ability to use your abdominal and lower back muscles to support part of the 
  Number Facility (imp:2.00 lvl:1.12) — The ability to add, subtract, multiply, or divide quickly and correctly.
  Visualization (imp:2.00 lvl:1.88) — The ability to imagine how something will look after it is moved around or when 
  Reaction Time (imp:2.00 lvl:1.38) — The ability to quickly respond (with the hand, finger, or foot) to a signal (sou
  Visual Color Discrimination (imp:2.00 lvl:1.75) — The ability to match or detect differences between colors, including shades of c
  Hearing Sensitivity (imp:2.00 lvl:1.62) — The ability to detect or tell the differences between sounds that vary in pitch 
  Mathematical Reasoning (imp:1.88 lvl:1.12) — The ability to choose the right mathematical methods or formulas to solve a prob
  Arm-Hand Steadiness (imp:1.88 lvl:1.50) — The ability to keep your hand and arm steady while moving your arm or while hold
  Manual Dexterity (imp:1.88 lvl:1.62) — The ability to quickly move your hand, your hand together with your arm, or your
  Finger Dexterity (imp:1.88 lvl:1.62) — The ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the fingers of one or bot
  Rate Control (imp:1.88 lvl:1.25) — The ability to time your movements or the movement of a piece of equipment in an
  Depth Perception (imp:1.88 lvl:1.00) — The ability to judge which of several objects is closer or farther away from you
  Response Orientation (imp:1.62 lvl:0.75) — The ability to choose quickly between two or more movements in response to two o
  Wrist-Finger Speed (imp:1.62 lvl:0.75) — The ability to make fast, simple, repeated movements of the fingers, hands, and 
  Sound Localization (imp:1.62 lvl:0.75) — The ability to tell the direction from which a sound originated.
  Spatial Orientation (imp:1.50 lvl:0.62) — The ability to know your location in relation to the environment or to know wher
  Peripheral Vision (imp:1.50 lvl:0.50) — The ability to see objects or movement of objects to one's side when the eyes ar
  Glare Sensitivity (imp:1.50 lvl:0.62) — The ability to see objects in the presence of a glare or bright lighting.
  Multilimb Coordination (imp:1.38 lvl:0.38) — The ability to coordinate two or more limbs (for example, two arms, two legs, or
  Static Strength (imp:1.38 lvl:0.38) — The ability to exert maximum muscle force to lift, push, pull, or carry objects.
  Explosive Strength (imp:1.38 lvl:0.38) — The ability to use short bursts of muscle force to propel oneself (as in jumping
  Dynamic Strength (imp:1.38 lvl:0.38) — The ability to exert muscle force repeatedly or continuously over time. This inv
  Extent Flexibility (imp:1.38 lvl:0.38) — The ability to bend, stretch, twist, or reach with your body, arms, and/or legs.
  Night Vision (imp:1.38 lvl:0.38) — The ability to see under low-light conditions.
  Speed of Limb Movement (imp:1.00) — The ability to quickly move the arms and legs.
  Stamina (imp:1.00) — The ability to exert yourself physically over long periods of time without getti
  Dynamic Flexibility (imp:1.00) — The ability to quickly and repeatedly bend, stretch, twist, or reach out with yo
  Gross Body Coordination (imp:1.00) — The ability to coordinate the movement of your arms, legs, and torso together wh
  Gross Body Equilibrium (imp:1.00) — The ability to keep or regain your body balance or stay upright when in an unsta

--- WORK ACTIVITIES ---
  Thinking Creatively (imp:4.67 lvl:5.18) — Developing, designing, or creating new applications, ideas, relationships, syste
  Performing for or Working Directly with the Public (imp:4.44 lvl:5.88) — Performing for people or dealing directly with the public. This includes serving
  Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates (imp:4.39 lvl:5.20) — Providing information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone,
  Communicating with People Outside the Organization (imp:4.39 lvl:5.84) — Communicating with people outside the organization, representing the organizatio
  Getting Information (imp:4.22 lvl:4.14) — Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from all relevant sour
  Documenting/Recording Information (imp:4.21 lvl:3.69) — Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining information in writte
  Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events (imp:4.19 lvl:4.53) — Identifying information by categorizing, estimating, recognizing differences or 
  Making Decisions and Solving Problems (imp:4.19 lvl:4.42) — Analyzing information and evaluating results to choose the best solution and sol
  Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge (imp:4.03 lvl:4.53) — Keeping up-to-date technically and applying new knowledge to your job.
  Processing Information (imp:3.93 lvl:3.69) — Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, or verifying
  Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work (imp:3.92 lvl:4.25) — Developing specific goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and accomplish your
  Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships (imp:3.89 lvl:4.04) — Developing constructive and cooperative working relationships with others, and m
  Monitoring Processes, Materials, or Surroundings (imp:3.80 lvl:4.02) — Monitoring and reviewing information from materials, events, or the environment,
  Evaluating Information to Determine Compliance with Standards (imp:3.80 lvl:3.80) — Using relevant information and individual judgment to determine whether events o
  Working with Computers (imp:3.76 lvl:3.64) — Using computers and computer systems (including hardware and software) to progra
  Judging the Qualities of Objects, Services, or People (imp:3.64 lvl:3.83) — Assessing the value, importance, or quality of things or people.
  Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others (imp:3.61 lvl:2.78) — Translating or explaining what information means and how it can be used.
  Developing Objectives and Strategies (imp:3.48 lvl:3.34) — Establishing long-range objectives and specifying the strategies and actions to 
  Scheduling Work and Activities (imp:3.28 lvl:3.16) — Scheduling events, programs, and activities, as well as the work of others.
  Developing and Building Teams (imp:3.22 lvl:2.83) — Encouraging and building mutual trust, respect, and cooperation among team membe
  Coordinating the Work and Activities of Others (imp:3.13 lvl:3.22) — Getting members of a group to work together to accomplish tasks.
  Estimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or Information (imp:3.02 lvl:2.83) — Estimating sizes, distances, and quantities; or determining time, costs, resourc
  Analyzing Data or Information (imp:2.96 lvl:2.89) — Identifying the underlying principles, reasons, or facts of information by break
  Resolving Conflicts and Negotiating with Others (imp:2.67 lvl:3.36) — Handling complaints, settling disputes, and resolving grievances and conflicts, 
  Training and Teaching Others (imp:2.66 lvl:2.84) — Identifying the educational needs of others, developing formal educational or tr
  Coaching and Developing Others (imp:2.66 lvl:3.54) — Identifying the developmental needs of others and coaching, mentoring, or otherw
  Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Materials (imp:2.60 lvl:1.93) — Inspecting equipment, structures, or materials to identify the cause of errors o
  Providing Consultation and Advice to Others (imp:2.59 lvl:3.27) — Providing guidance and expert advice to management or other groups on technical,
  Guiding, Directing, and Motivating Subordinates (imp:2.57 lvl:2.60) — Providing guidance and direction to subordinates, including setting performance 
  Repairing and Maintaining Electronic Equipment (imp:2.27 lvl:2.35) — Servicing, repairing, calibrating, regulating, fine-tuning, or testing machines,
  Selling or Influencing Others (imp:2.27 lvl:2.41) — Convincing others to buy merchandise/goods or to otherwise change their minds or
  Performing General Physical Activities (imp:2.04 lvl:1.63) — Performing general physical activities includes doing activities that require co
  Operating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or Equipment (imp:2.04 lvl:1.56) — Running, maneuvering, navigating, or driving vehicles or mechanized equipment, s
  Performing Administrative Activities (imp:1.99 lvl:1.79) — Performing day-to-day administrative tasks such as maintaining information files
  Controlling Machines and Processes (imp:1.90 lvl:1.53) — Using either control mechanisms or direct physical activity to operate machines 
  Assisting and Caring for Others (imp:1.87 lvl:1.59) — Providing personal assistance, medical attention, emotional support, or other pe
  Monitoring and Controlling Resources (imp:1.81 lvl:1.23) — Monitoring and controlling resources and overseeing the spending of money.
  Staffing Organizational Units (imp:1.61) — Recruiting, interviewing, selecting, hiring, and promoting employees in an organ
  Handling and Moving Objects (imp:1.51 lvl:1.03) — Using hands and arms in handling, installing, positioning, and moving materials,
  Drafting, Laying Out, and Specifying Technical Devices, Parts, and Equipment (imp:1.38) — Providing documentation, detailed instructions, drawings, or specifications to t
  Repairing and Maintaining Mechanical Equipment (imp:1.33) — Servicing, repairing, adjusting, and testing machines, devices, moving parts, an

--- WORK STYLES ---
  Dependability (imp:3.00) — A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related o
  Social Orientation (imp:2.33) — A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
  Self-Confidence (imp:2.28) — A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control 
  Dependability (imp:2.16) — A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related o
  Social Orientation (imp:2.00) — A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
  Optimism (imp:1.94) — A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even un
  Self-Control (imp:1.91) — A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in res
  Adaptability (imp:1.86) — A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas 
  Stress Tolerance (imp:1.80) — A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
  Initiative (imp:1.69) — A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may
  Attention to Detail (imp:1.60) — A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
  Cooperation (imp:1.57) — A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
  Integrity (imp:1.51) — A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
  Achievement Orientation (imp:1.37) — A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, 
  Tolerance for Ambiguity (imp:1.24) — A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
  Innovation (imp:1.23) — A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on 
  Perseverance (imp:1.15) — A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in 
  Leadership Orientation (imp:1.11) — A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
  Self-Confidence (imp:1.00) — A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control 
  Sincerity (imp:0.98) — A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, withou
  Intellectual Curiosity (imp:0.94) — A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep 
  Empathy (imp:0.88) — A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feel
  Innovation () — A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on 
  Achievement Orientation () — A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, 
  Intellectual Curiosity () — A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep 
  Tolerance for Ambiguity () — A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
  Initiative () — A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may
  Adaptability () — A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas 
  Perseverance () — A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in 
  Leadership Orientation () — A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
  Humility () — A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
  Sincerity () — A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, withou
  Empathy () — A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feel
  Cooperation () — A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
  Optimism () — A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even un
  Cautiousness () — A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related
  Attention to Detail () — A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
  Integrity () — A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
  Stress Tolerance () — A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
  Self-Control () — A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in res
  Cautiousness (imp:-0.38) — A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related
  Humility (imp:-0.85) — A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.

--- TRANSFERABLE SKILLS ---
  Social Perceptiveness (imp:3.75 lvl:3.75) — Being aware of others' reactions and understanding why they react as they do.
  Time Management (imp:3.25 lvl:3.12) — Managing one's own time and the time of others.
  Coordination (imp:3.00 lvl:3.38) — Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions.
  Service Orientation (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — Actively looking for ways to help people.
  Complex Problem Solving (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — Identifying complex problems and reviewing related information to develop and ev
  Judgment and Decision Making (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential actions to choose the m
  Persuasion (imp:2.88 lvl:2.88) — Persuading others to change their minds or behavior.
  Negotiation (imp:2.50 lvl:2.75) — Bringing others together and trying to reconcile differences.
  Instructing (imp:2.12 lvl:2.00) — Teaching others how to do something.
  Operations Monitoring (imp:2.12 lvl:2.00) — Watching gauges, dials, or other indicators to make sure a machine is working pr
  Operation and Control (imp:2.12 lvl:2.00) — Controlling operations of equipment or systems.
  Systems Evaluation (imp:2.12 lvl:2.00) — Identifying measures or indicators of system performance and the actions needed 
  Systems Analysis (imp:2.00 lvl:2.00) — Determining how a system should work and how changes in conditions, operations, 
  Management of Personnel Resources (imp:2.00 lvl:2.00) — Motivating, developing, and directing people as they work, identifying the best 
  Operations Analysis (imp:1.88 lvl:1.00) — Analyzing needs and product requirements to create a design.
  Quality Control Analysis (imp:1.88 lvl:1.38) — Conducting tests and inspections of products, services, or processes to evaluate
  Troubleshooting (imp:1.50 lvl:0.50) — Determining causes of operating errors and deciding what to do about it.
  Management of Financial Resources (imp:1.50 lvl:0.50) — Determining how money will be spent to get the work done, and accounting for the
  Management of Material Resources (imp:1.50 lvl:0.50) — Obtaining and seeing to the appropriate use of equipment, facilities, and materi
  Equipment Selection (imp:1.38 lvl:0.38) — Determining the kind of tools and equipment needed to do a job.
  Equipment Maintenance (imp:1.38 lvl:0.38) — Performing routine maintenance on equipment and determining when and what kind o
  Repairing (imp:1.25 lvl:0.25) — Repairing machines or systems using the needed tools.
  Technology Design (imp:1.12 lvl:0.12) — Generating or adapting equipment and technology to serve user needs.
  Programming (imp:1.12 lvl:0.12) — Writing computer programs for various purposes.
  Installation (imp:1.00) — Installing equipment, machines, wiring, or programs to meet specifications.

--- NATIONAL WAGES ---
  total_employment : 21,240
  annual_median    : $47,340
  annual_pct10     : $28,190
  annual_pct25     : $35,360
  annual_pct75     : $75,480
  annual_pct90     : $138,440
  annual_mean      : $78,720
  hourly_median    : $22.76

--- GEOGRAPHIC DISPERSION ---
  highest_state    : New York ($81,310)
  lowest_state     : Puerto Rico ($22,970)
  dispersion_ratio : 3.540x

--- TOP STATES BY WAGE (48 total) ---
  Information                              emp:   17,710  median: $       0
  Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation      emp:    1,470  median: $  84,070
  Educational Services                     emp:    1,460  median: $  60,280
  Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services emp:      210  median: $  57,980
  Federal, State, and Local Government, excluding State and Local Government Schools and Hospitals and the U.S. Postal Service (OEWS Designation) emp:       80  median: $  48,430
  Other Services (except Public Administration) emp:       50  median: $  68,600

--- TOP INDUSTRIES BY EMPLOYMENT (6 total) ---
  Information                              emp:   17,710  median: $       0
  Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation      emp:    1,470  median: $  84,070
  Educational Services                     emp:    1,460  median: $  60,280
  Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services emp:      210  median: $  57,980
  Federal, State, and Local Government, excluding State and Local Government Schools and Hospitals and the U.S. Postal Service (OEWS Designation) emp:       80  median: $  48,430
  Other Services (except Public Administration) emp:       50  median: $  68,600

exact_match_status : found
matched_title      : History of radio disc jockeys
match_score        : 0.6389
wikidata_qid       : Q28126984
word_count         : 4,060
wikipedia_url      : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_radio_disc_jockeys
license            : CC BY-SA 4.0
fetched_at         : 2026-06-02T21:25:32.498147Z

--- WIKIPEDIA FULL TEXT ---
The history of radio disc jockeys covers the time when gramophone records were first transmitted by experimental radio broadcasters to present day radio personalities who host shows featuring a variety of recorded music.
For a number of decades beginning in the 1930s, the term "disc jockey", "DJ", "deejay", or "jock" was exclusively used to describe on-air personalities who played selections of popular recorded music on radio broadcasting stations.
The term "disc jockey" first appeared in print in a 1941 issue of Variety magazine, although the origin of the term is generally attributed to American radio news commentator Walter Winchell who used it to describe radio presenter Martin Block's practice of introducing phonograph recordings to create a Make Believe Ballroom experience for radio listeners. The term combined "disc", referring to phonograph disc records, and "jockey", denoting the DJs practice of riding the audio gain, or alternately, riding a song to success and popularity.
Culminating in the "golden age" of Top 40 radio, from approximately 1955 to 1975, radio DJs established a style of fast talking patter to bookend three minute pop songs. Unlike the modern club DJ who mixes transitions between songs to create a continuous flow of music, radio DJs played individual songs or music tracks while voicing announcements, introductions, comments, jokes, and commercials in between each song or short series of songs.
During the 1950s, 60s and 70s, radio DJs exerted considerable influence on popular music, especially during the Top 40 radio era, because of their ability to introduce new music to the radio audience and promote or control which songs would be given airplay.


== 1900s to 1950s ==

In 1892, Emile Berliner began commercial production of his gramophone records, the first disc records to be offered to the public. The earliest broadcasts of recorded music were made by radio engineers and experimenters. On Christmas Eve 1906, American Reginald A. Fessenden broadcast both live and recorded music from Brant Rock, Massachusetts. In 1907, American inventor Lee de Forest broadcast a recording of the William Tell Overture from his laboratory in the Parker Building in New York City, claiming "Of course, there weren't many receivers in those days, but I was the first disc jockey".
Ray Newby, of Stockton, California claimed on a 1965 episode of CBS I've Got a Secret to be regularly playing records on a small transmitter while a student at Herrold College of Engineering and Wireless in San Jose, California in 1909. Elman B. Meyers started broadcasting a daily program in New York City in 1911 consisting mostly of recorded music. In 1914, his wife Sybil True broadcast records borrowed from a local music store.
In 1917 Captain Horace Donisthorpe, who was training radio operators for the British Army near Worcester, England, made unofficial broadcasts as engineer from a field. At first his wife Gertrude spoke into the microphone to Captain Donisthorpe alone, but later she broadcast to army camps nearby playing gramophone records. In 1967, she spoke about these experiments in a BBC radio programme called "Scrapbook for 1917". The first official British DJ was Christopher Stone, who in 1927 convinced the BBC to let him broadcast a program consisting of American and American-influenced jazz records interspersed with his ad libbed introductions.
One of the first woman disc jockeys was Halloween Martin. She was on WBBM (AM) in Chicago, as early as 1929, hosting a morning program she called the "Musical Clock." She played up-beat songs, gave the time and temperature, and read the latest weather. Martin's morning radio show format was uncommon in the late 1920s.
In 1935, American radio commentator Walter Winchell used the term "disc jockey" (the combination of disc, referring to the disc records, and jockey, which is an operator of a machine) as a description of radio announcer Martin Block, the first announcer to become a star. While his audience was awaiting developments in the Lindbergh kidnapping, Block played records and created the illusion that he was broadcasting from a ballroom, with the nation's top dance bands performing live. The show, which he called Make Believe Ballroom, was an instant hit.
Block was notable for his considerable influence on a records popularity. Block's program on station WNEW was highly successful, and Block was described as "the make-all, break-all of records. If he played something, it was a hit". Block later negotiated a multimillion-dollar contract with ABC for a syndicated nationwide radio show.
The earliest printed use of the term "disc jockey" appeared on August 13, 1941 when Variety published "... Gilbert is a disc jockey, who sings with his records." By the end of World War II, disc jockeys had established a reputation, as "hitmakers", someone whose influence "could start an artist's career overnight".
In the early radio age, broadcasters used "live" orchestras as well as prerecorded sound. Content typically included comedy, drama, news, music, and sports reporting. Most radio stations had an orchestra or band on the payroll. The Federal Communications Commission also clearly favored live music, providing accelerated license approval to stations promising not to use any recordings for their first three years on the air. Many noted recording artists tried to keep their recorded works off the air by having their records labeled as not being legal for airplay. It took a Federal court ruling in 1940 to establish that a recording artist had no legal right to control the use of a record after it was sold. 
Disputes with the American Society of Composers, Authors, and Publishers (ASCAP) and the American Federation of Musicians (AFM) affected radio DJs during World War II. ASCAP and AFM cited the decline in demand for live appearances of musical artists due to the proliferation of radio disc jockeys playing recorded music. The disputes were settled in 1944.


== 1950s to present ==

The postwar period coincided with the rise of the radio disc jockey as a celebrity separate from the radio station, also known as a "radio personality". In the days before station-controlled playlists, the DJ often followed their personal tastes in music selection. DJs also played a role in exposing rock and roll artists to large, national audiences.
While at WERE (1300 AM) in Cleveland, Ohio, DJ Bill Randle was one of the first to introduce Elvis Presley to radio audiences in the northeastern U.S. At WMCA (AM), DJ Jack Spector was the first New York City radio personality to play the new Beatles' Capitol Records' single, "I Want to Hold Your Hand".
A top-rated radio host at WINS in New York City in the mid 1960s was Murray Kaufman, aka Murray the K. Kaufman took over the station's 7-11PM time period for several years. His show was known for its frenetic pace that incorporated segues, jingles, sound effects, and antics. After being invited by Beatles manager Brian Epstein to travel with the band, he came to be referred to as the "Fifth Beatle".
Notable U.S. radio disc jockeys of the period included Alan Freed, Wolfman Jack, Casey Kasem, and their British counterparts included the BBC's Brian Matthew and Alan Freeman, Radio London's John Peel, Radio Caroline's Tony Blackburn, and Radio Luxembourg's Jimmy Savile.

Alan Freed is commonly referred to as the "father of rock and roll" due to his promotion of the music and his introduction of the term rock and roll on radio in the early 1950s. Freed also made a practice of presenting music by African-American artists rather than cover versions by white artists on his radio program. Freed's career ended when it was shown that he had accepted payola, a practice that was highly controversial at the time, resulting in his being fired from his job at WABC.
WLAC radio DJ John R. (aka John Richbourg) in Nashville, Tennessee adopted the African-American Vernacular English of African-American DJ's in the early 19

--- SEMANTIC NEIGHBORS (5) ---

  Title: Radio personality (similarity: 0.2667)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio_personality
  QID: Q2722764
  Extract: A radio personality is a person who has an on-air position in radio broadcasting. A radio personality who hosts a radio show is also known as a radio host, radio presenter or radio jockey. Radio personalities who introduce and play individual selections of recorded music are known as disc jockeys or

  Title: Jason Benetti (similarity: 0.1429)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jason_Benetti
  QID: Q16205962
  Extract: Jason Robert Benetti is an American sportscaster. He is the primary television play-by-play announcer for the Detroit Tigers of Major League Baseball on Detroit SportsNet. He is the lead broadcaster for Sunday Night Baseball, as well as alternate play-by-play for NBA on NBC.

  Title: Announcer (similarity: 0.3462)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Announcer
  QID: Q1371925
  Extract: An announcer is a voice artist who relays information to the audience on a broadcast media programme or live event.

  Title: Broadcasting (similarity: 0.3636)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broadcasting
  QID: Q15078788
  Extract: Broadcasting is the distribution of audio and audiovisual content to dispersed audiences via an electronic mass communications medium, typically using radio waves in a one-to-many model. Broadcasting began with AM radio, which became popular around 1920 with the spread of vacuum tube radio transmitt

  Title: Anchor (similarity: 0.1633)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anchor
  QID: Q168432
  Extract: An anchor is a device, normally made of metal, used to secure a vessel to the bed of a body of water to prevent the craft from drifting due to wind or current. The word derives from Latin ancora, which itself comes from the Greek ἄγκυρα.

model_pass1          : claude-sonnet-4-20250514
model_pass2          : claude-haiku-4-5-20251001
inference_confidence : high
confidence_notes     : Comprehensive O*NET data with detailed skills, abilities, and work activities. Strong wage data from BLS OEWS May 2025 and clear industry employment patterns provide robust foundation for analysis.
inferred_at          : 2026-06-03T18:16:50.496816+00:00
tokens_input         : 4,452
tokens_output        : 4,293
cost_usd             : $0.046018
wikipedia_used       : True
wikipedia_title      : History of radio disc jockeys
wikipedia_note       : The Wikipedia match provides historical context for radio disc jockeys, covering the evolution from early gramophone record broadcasting to modern radio personalities. This supports the occupation's foundation in recorded music presentation and audience engagement.

--- PROSE FIELDS ---

ROLE SUMMARY:
Broadcast Announcers and Radio Disc Jockeys are media professionals who speak or read scripted materials on radio, television, and other communications platforms. They announce musical selections, deliver news and weather reports, conduct interviews, and serve as the voice connecting media organizations to their audiences. These professionals combine strong verbal communication skills with creative thinking to inform, entertain, and engage listeners or viewers through live and recorded broadcasts.

DAY IN THE LIFE:
A typical day involves reading news flashes to inform audiences of breaking events and preparing background research for upcoming programs or interviews. They announce musical selections, station identifications, commercials, and public service information while managing live broadcast timing and audience requests. Much of their time is spent writing and editing scripts for broadcasts, recording commercials for later air time, and maintaining detailed program logs documenting all aired content. They conduct interviews with guests about current topics, develop compelling story lines for their shows, and coordinate with technical staff to ensure smooth broadcast operations.

WHO THRIVES:
Professionals who excel in this role possess exceptional oral expression abilities and speech clarity, as these are critical for effective on-air communication. They demonstrate high levels of creativity and originality, essential for developing engaging content and ad-libbing during live broadcasts. Strong social orientation and self-confidence enable them to connect authentically with diverse audiences and interview guests effectively. Successful announcers combine dependability with active listening skills, allowing them to process information quickly while maintaining professional broadcast standards under time pressure.

CAREER ENTRY:
Entry into this field typically requires a bachelor's degree (35.2% of professionals) or some college coursework (30.3%), often in communications, journalism, or broadcasting. Many professionals also enter with just a high school diploma (26.8%) but supplement this with specialized training in radio or television broadcasting. Job Zone 4 classification indicates considerable preparation is needed, often including internships at radio or television stations, voice coaching, and building a portfolio of on-air work to demonstrate communication skills and broadcast presence.

CAREER TRAJECTORY:
Career progression often leads to positions as news anchors, program directors, or media managers with significantly higher earning potential. Many professionals advance to specialized roles such as news analysts, reporters, or producers, leveraging their on-air experience and industry knowledge. Some transition into related fields like public relations, voice acting, or media consulting, while others may pursue management roles overseeing broadcast operations or content development for larger media organizations.

MARKET INTELLIGENCE:
The occupation employs 21,240 professionals nationally with a median annual wage of $47,340 according to BLS OEWS May 2025 data. Geographic wage variation is substantial, with New York leading at $81,310 compared to Puerto Rico at $22,970, representing a 3.54x ratio reflecting major market premiums. The Information sector dominates employment with 17,710 positions, followed by Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation (1,470) and Educational Services (1,460). Employment is concentrated in major metropolitan areas where broadcasting infrastructure and audience size support higher compensation levels.

AUTOMATION OUTLOOK:
Automation risk is moderate as core activities like creative thinking, live interviewing, and audience engagement require human judgment and spontaneity. While some routine tasks like commercial insertion and music scheduling may become automated, the high importance of originality, social interaction, and real-time audience connection suggests continued demand for human announcers. The role's emphasis on building authentic audience relationships and managing unpredictable live broadcast situations creates natural barriers to full automation.

--- REASONED EDGES ---
  [skill_overlap] News Analysts, Reporters, and Journalists (27-3023.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both roles share critical skills in speaking (4.8 importance), reading comprehension (3.9), and gathering information for news stories.
    data: Speaking skill importance 4.8
    data: News gathering work activities
    data: Communications and Media knowledge
  [knowledge_overlap] Producers and Directors (27-2012.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Shared expertise in Communications and Media (4.8 importance) and creative content development work activities.
    data: Communications and Media knowledge 4.8
    data: Thinking Creatively work activity 4.7
    data: Content development tasks
  [riasec_cluster] Public Relations Specialists (27-3031.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both occupations show high Artistic (5.68) and Enterprising (4.38) RIASEC scores indicating creative communication roles.
    data: Artistic RIASEC 5.68
    data: Enterprising RIASEC 4.38
    data: Public communication focus
  [task_similarity] Film and Video Editors (27-4032.00) — confidence:medium
    reasoning: Both roles involve writing and editing video scripts for broadcasts and content creation activities.
    data: Script writing tasks
    data: Content editing activities
    data: Media production overlap
  [transferable_skill] Writers and Authors (27-3043.00) — confidence:medium
    reasoning: Writing skills (3.1 importance) and creative content development transfer between both occupations.
    data: Writing skill 3.1 importance
    data: Creative writing tasks
    data: Content development abilities
  [job_zone] Disc Jockeys, Except Radio (27-2091.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both are Job Zone 4 occupations requiring considerable preparation and share music programming expertise.
    data: Job Zone 4 classification
    data: Music selection tasks
    data: Entertainment focus

--- NORMALIZER SIGNALS ---
  match_keywords   : ['announcer', 'disc jockey', 'radio host', 'broadcaster', 'on-air personality', 'news anchor', 'DJ', 'radio announcer']
  exclude_keywords : ['sound technician', 'audio engineer', 'producer only', 'writer only', 'journalist']
  title_patterns   : ['*announcer*', '*DJ*', '*disc jockey*', '*radio host*', '*broadcaster*']
  common_variations: ['radio DJ', 'broadcast announcer', 'on-air host', 'radio personality', 'morning show host', 'news broadcaster', 'commercial announcer', 'station announcer']

total_terms    : 40
top_words      : ['radio', 'music', 'others', 'tendency', 'disc', 'american', 'djs', 'broadcast', 'program', 'equipment', 'records', 'events', 'jockey', 'record', 'show', 'stations', 'air', 'audience', 'control', 'principles']
source_layers  : onet_tasks | onet_dimensions | dwas | wikipedia | inference

TERM                    COUNT     FREQ  DOMINANT SOURCE      SOURCE BREAKDOWN
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
radio                     132  0.02636  wikipedia            wikipedia:95%  inference:5%  onet_tasks:1%
music                      43  0.00859  wikipedia            wikipedia:88%  onet_tasks:5%  inference:5%
others                     43  0.00859  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:88%  wikipedia:7%  dwas:2%
tendency                   42  0.00839  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
disc                       37  0.00739  wikipedia            wikipedia:95%  inference:5%
american                   31  0.00619  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
djs                        29  0.00579  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
broadcast                  25  0.00499  wikipedia            wikipedia:56%  inference:28%  onet_tasks:16%
program                    24  0.00479  wikipedia            wikipedia:75%  onet_tasks:12%  inference:8%
equipment                  24  0.00479  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:96%  dwas:4%
records                    24  0.00479  wikipedia            wikipedia:96%  onet_dimensions:4%
events                     20  0.00399  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:40%  onet_tasks:25%  dwas:20%
jockey                     20  0.00399  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
record                     19  0.00380  wikipedia            wikipedia:89%  onet_tasks:5%  inference:5%
show                       19  0.00380  wikipedia            wikipedia:84%  onet_dimensions:11%  onet_tasks:5%
stations                   17  0.00340  wikipedia            wikipedia:82%  onet_tasks:12%  inference:6%
air                        17  0.00340  wikipedia            wikipedia:59%  inference:24%  onet_dimensions:12%
audience                   16  0.00320  wikipedia            wikipedia:44%  inference:38%  onet_tasks:12%
control                    16  0.00320  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:75%  wikipedia:12%  onet_tasks:6%
principles                 16  0.00320  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
jockeys                    16  0.00320  wikipedia            wikipedia:88%  inference:12%
popular                    16  0.00320  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
news                       15  0.00300  dwas                 dwas:40%  inference:27%  wikipedia:20%
host                       15  0.00300  wikipedia            wikipedia:73%  dwas:20%  onet_tasks:7%
broadcasting               15  0.00300  wikipedia            wikipedia:60%  inference:27%  onet_dimensions:7%
audiences                  14  0.00280  dwas                 dwas:36%  wikipedia:36%  inference:21%
station                    14  0.00280  wikipedia            wikipedia:79%  onet_tasks:14%  inference:7%
public                     14  0.00280  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:29%  onet_tasks:21%  wikipedia:21%
later                      13  0.00260  wikipedia            wikipedia:85%  onet_tasks:8%  inference:8%
materials                  13  0.00260  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:77%  dwas:15%  inference:8%
activities                 13  0.00260  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:69%  dwas:23%  inference:8%
recorded                   13  0.00260  wikipedia            wikipedia:85%  inference:15%
live                       13  0.00260  wikipedia            wikipedia:62%  inference:38%
format                     13  0.00260  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
african                    13  0.00260  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
includes                   12  0.00240  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
objects                    12  0.00240  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
rock                       12  0.00240  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
york                       12  0.00240  wikipedia            wikipedia:92%  inference:8%
programs                   11  0.00220  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:36%  wikipedia:36%  onet_tasks:18%