◈ EMPLOYMENT · ARTS_MEDIA · 27-3023.00
News Analysts, Reporters, and Journalists
O*NET 30.3 · BLS OEWS May 2025 · Boise Standard Employment Graph
◈ EMPLOYMENT · ARTS_MEDIA 27-3023.00 ◉ HIGH CONFIDENCE Built 2026-06-02
Sources: O*NET 30.3 (CC BY 4.0) · BLS OEWS May 2025 (Public Domain) · SOC 2018 (Public Domain) · Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0 where matched)
Atomic Answer — Primary AI Citation Target
News Analysts, Reporters, and Journalists
News Analysts, Reporters, and Journalists gather, analyze, and communicate information to the public through various media channels including newspapers, magazines, radio, television, and digital platforms. They investigate stories, conduct interviews, and present news content with high levels of written and oral communication skills. These professionals serve as information intermediaries, interpreting complex events and making them accessible to diverse audiences.
39,250
National Employment
$62,200
Median Annual Wage
JZ 4
Job Zone
Information
Primary Industry
Occupation Graph — Declared + Reasoned Edges
onet declared
Broadcast Announcers and Radio Disc Jockeys
Primary-Short
onet declared
Editors
Primary-Short
onet declared
Poets, Lyricists and Creative Writers
Primary-Short
onet declared
Writers and Authors
Primary-Short
onet declared
Producers and Directors
Primary-Short
onet declared
Media Programming Directors
Primary-Long
career pathway
Editors
Editors share identical knowledge domains (English Language, Communications and Media) and similar writing/communication skill requirements, representing natural career advancement.
skill overlap
Public Relations Specialists
Both roles emphasize communicating with people outside the organization (imp:4.5 for journalists) and establishing interpersonal relationships, with shared media knowledge requirements.
skill overlap
Writers and Authors
Identical Writing skill importance (imp:4.0) and Written Expression abilities, plus shared English Language and Communications knowledge domains.
task similarity
Producers and Directors
Both coordinate media content and work directly with the public, sharing performance and coordination work activities in media production environments.
§ Feeder Roles
Communications Specialist
Editorial Assistant
Content Writer
§ Destinations
Editor
Broadcast Producer
News Director
§ RIASEC Peers
Writers and Authors
Public Relations Specialists
Editors
Role Intelligence — Day in the Life · Who Thrives · Automation
Day in the Life

Journalists begin by examining news items and evaluating story leads to develop compelling content angles. They conduct extensive research and arrange interviews with sources who can provide accurate, comprehensive information about their subjects. Much of their time involves gathering information through observation, investigation, and direct communication with people outside their organization. They write commentaries, columns, or scripts using computers, often working with technology tools like Adobe Creative Suite and content management systems. For broadcast journalists, the day includes coordinating news programs, presenting live stories, and introducing videotaped segments or live transmissions from field reporters.

Who Thrives

Individuals who excel in journalism demonstrate exceptional intellectual curiosity combined with strong achievement orientation, as evidenced by the high importance scores for these work styles. They possess superior oral and written expression abilities, allowing them to communicate complex information clearly to diverse audiences. The artistic-investigative RIASEC profile (A:5.09, I:4.16) indicates success for those who combine creative storytelling with systematic information gathering and analysis. These professionals must maintain high integrity and dependability while managing multiple deadlines and adapting to rapidly changing news cycles.

Automation Outlook

Journalism faces moderate automation risk in routine information gathering and basic content generation, but core activities remain human-centric. The high importance of interpersonal communication, critical analysis, and creative interpretation protects against full automation. While AI tools may assist with research and initial drafts, the profession's emphasis on establishing relationships, conducting interviews, and providing nuanced context analysis ensures continued human value.

Market Intelligence — BLS OEWS May 2025
The journalism field employs 39,250 professionals with a median annual wage of $62,200, ranging from $36,240 to $144,140 according to BLS OEWS May 2025 data. Geographic wage variation is substantial, with Washington D.C. offering the highest compensation at $105,390 compared to West Virginia's $35,280, creating a 2.99x ratio difference. The Information sector dominates employment with 37,120 positions, while Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services and Educational Services provide additional opportunities. Despite digital disruption challenges, demand persists for skilled journalists who can navigate multimedia platforms and emerging technologies like social media analytics and content management systems.
$36,240
10th
$45,370
25th
$62,200
Median
$98,450
75th
$144,140
90th
Highest Paying State
District of Columbia
$105,390 median
Geographic Dispersion
2.987x
highest / lowest median
Information 37,120 emp $61,900
Professional, Scientific, and Technical Servi 730 emp $82,530
Educational Services 600 emp $53,290
Administrative and Support and Waste Manageme 190 emp $103,620
Other Services (except Public Administration) 190 emp $60,220
Source: BLS Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics May 2025 ↗ · Public Domain · US Government
Skills + Knowledge — O*NET 30.3 Scored Dimensions
§ Essential Skills (importance 1-5)
Speaking 4.1
Reading Comprehension 4.0
Writing 4.0
Active Listening 3.9
Critical Thinking 3.4
Active Learning 3.2
Monitoring 3.0
Learning Strategies 2.4
Mathematics 2.0
Science 1.0
§ Knowledge Domains (importance 1-5)
English Language 4.8
Communications and Media 4.7
Law and Government 3.7
Computers and Electronics 3.4
Telecommunications 3.4
Customer and Personal Service 3.2
Geography 3.0
Public Safety and Security 3.0
History and Archeology 2.9
Administration and Management 2.8
Source: O*NET 30.3 Database ↗ · CC BY 4.0
RIASEC Interest Profile + Personality Fit — O*NET 30.3
R
Realistic
1.47
I
Investigative
4.16
TOP FIT
A
Artistic
5.09
TOP FIT
S
Social
2.80
E
Enterprising
3.95
TOP FIT
C
Conventional
3.64
§ Who Thrives
Individuals who excel in journalism demonstrate exceptional intellectual curiosity combined with strong achievement orientation, as evidenced by the high importance scores for these work styles. They possess superior oral and written expression abilities, allowing them to communicate complex information clearly to diverse audiences. The artistic-investigative RIASEC profile (A:5.09, I:4.16) indicates success for those who combine creative storytelling with systematic information gathering and analysis. These professionals must maintain high integrity and dependability while managing multiple deadlines and adapting to rapidly changing news cycles.
Source: O*NET 30.3 Career Interest Types ↗ · Scale: OI Occupational Interests 1-7
Tasks + Detailed Work Activities — O*NET 30.3
Write commentaries, columns, or scripts, using computers.
Core
Write informational material.
Coordinate and serve as an anchor on news broadcast programs.
Core
Report news to the public.Coordinate reporting or editing activiti
Examine news items of local, national, and international significance to determine topics to address, or obtain assignments from editorial staff members.
Core
Determine presentation subjects or conte
Analyze and interpret news and information received from various sources to broadcast the information.
Core
Analyze information obtained from news s
Receive assignments or evaluate leads or tips to develop story ideas.
Core
Analyze information obtained from news s
Research a story's background information to provide complete and accurate information.
Core
Gather information for news stories.
Arrange interviews with people who can provide information about a story.
Core
Coordinate logistics for productions or
Gather information and develop perspectives about news subjects through research, interviews, observation, and experience.
Core
Gather information for news stories.
Select material most pertinent to presentation, and organize this material into appropriate formats.
Core
Determine presentation subjects or conte
Present news stories, and introduce in-depth videotaped segments or live transmissions from on-the-scene reporters.
Core
Report news to the public.
Source: O*NET 30.3 Task Statements + DWA Mappings ↗ · Incumbent-reported · CC BY 4.0
◈ Software Tools — O*NET 30.3 · Hot Technology + In Demand Flagged
Adobe After Effects
Video creation and editing software
HOT
Adobe InDesign
Desktop publishing software
HOT
Adobe Photoshop
Graphics or photo imaging software
HOT
Adobe Premiere Pro
Video creation and editing software
Apple Final Cut Pro
Video creation and editing software
Audion Laboratories VoxPro
Music or sound editing software
Avid Technology Pro Tools
Music or sound editing software
Desktop Technologies NewsBoss
Project management software
ESRI ArcView
Geographic information system
Facebook
Web page creation and editing software
HOT
FileMaker Pro
Data base user interface and query softw
Grass Valley EDIUS
Video creation and editing software
Hypertext markup language HTML
Web platform development software
HOT
IBM SPSS Statistics
Analytical or scientific software
HOT
LexisNexis
Information retrieval or search software
Mapping software
Map creation software
Microsoft Access
Data base user interface and query softw
HOT
Microsoft Excel
Spreadsheet software
HOT
Source: O*NET 30.3 Software Skills ↗ · CC BY 4.0
Career Pathway — Entry · Trajectory · Education
1
Entry
2
Some Prep
3
Medium
4
Considerable
5
Extensive
A considerable amount of work-related skill, knowledge, or experience is needed for these occupations. For example, an accountant must complete four years of college and work for several years in acco
Entry into journalism typically requires a bachelor's degree in journalism, communications, English, or a related field, reflecting the Job Zone 4 classification requiring considerable preparation. Many professionals gain experience through internships at news organizations, college newspapers, or digital media outlets. Strong writing portfolios and demonstrated knowledge of current events, law and government, and media technologies are essential for securing entry-level positions.
Journalists can advance to senior reporter positions, specialized beats like political or business reporting, or editorial roles such as news editors and producers. The career pathway often leads to positions like broadcast anchors, media programming directors, or public relations specialists, leveraging the strong communication and media knowledge developed in journalism. Some transition to related fields in professional services or educational institutions, applying their research and communication expertise in new contexts.
Source: O*NET 30.3 Education + Job Zones ↗ · CC BY 4.0
Live Job Feed — Active Postings
Live News Analysts, Reporters, and Journalists job postings populate here as the crawler feeds data. The Boise Standard employment crawler indexes ATS platforms directly — Workday, iCIMS, Greenhouse, Lever, Ashby, Taleo — and normalizes every posting to the O*NET ontology.

Postings appear within hours of going live on the source ATS. No aggregator lag. Direct from source.
Browse Arts Media Feed → Submit Open Position →
◈ SEMANTIC MANIFOLD — MULTI-SOURCE WORD FREQUENCY FINGERPRINT
Top 40 terms across five provenance layers: O*NET Tasks · O*NET Dimensions · DWAs · Wikipedia · Inference · Stop words removed · Deterministic · Constitutional Law III
tendency news others equipment events principles ideas stories materials public includes activities media control objects written sources material human techniques
§ Full Frequency Ranking — 40 terms
TERM COUNT FREQ BAR SOURCE ATTRIBUTION
tendency 42 0.0152
onet dimensi 100%
news 39 0.0141
onet tasks 36% dwas 36%
others 39 0.0141
onet dimensi 97% dwas 3%
equipment 27 0.0098
onet dimensi 85% dwas 11%
events 16 0.0058
onet dimensi 50% onet tasks 31%
principles 16 0.0058
onet dimensi 100%
ideas 13 0.0047
onet dimensi 85% onet tasks 15%
stories 13 0.0047
dwas 46% onet tasks 38%
materials 13 0.0047
onet dimensi 77% dwas 15%
public 13 0.0047
onet dimensi 31% dwas 31%
includes 13 0.0047
onet dimensi 92% inference 8%
activities 13 0.0047
onet dimensi 69% dwas 23%
media 12 0.0043
inference 50% onet dimensi 25%
control 12 0.0043
onet dimensi 100%
objects 12 0.0043
onet dimensi 100%
written 11 0.0040
onet dimensi 55% dwas 18%
sources 10 0.0036
onet dimensi 40% dwas 30%
material 10 0.0036
onet tasks 40% onet dimensi 30%
human 10 0.0036
onet dimensi 70% inference 20%
techniques 10 0.0036
onet dimensi 100%
body 10 0.0036
onet dimensi 100%
orientation 10 0.0036
onet dimensi 90% inference 10%
production 9 0.0033
onet dimensi 89% onet tasks 11%
problems 9 0.0033
onet dimensi 100%
services 9 0.0033
onet dimensi 67% inference 33%
management 9 0.0033
onet dimensi 78% inference 22%
resources 9 0.0033
onet dimensi 100%
quickly 9 0.0033
onet dimensi 100%
write 8 0.0029
onet tasks 38% dwas 38%
gather 8 0.0029
dwas 75% onet tasks 12%
BOISE STANDARD — FINE-TUNING RECORD · News Analysts, Reporters, and Journalists
27-3023.00 · 8 QA pairs · jsonl · O*NET 30.3 + BLS OEWS
What is the current employment level and median wage for News Analysts, Reporters, and Journalists?
According to BLS OEWS May 2025, the field employs 39,250 professionals with a median annual wage of $62,200.
factual BLS OEWS May 2025
What is the wage range for journalists across the 10th and 90th percentiles?
According to BLS OEWS May 2025 data, the 10th percentile earns $36,240 annually while the 90th percentile earns $144,140, reflecting significant wage variation in the field.
factual BLS OEWS May 2025
Which state offers the highest median wage for journalism professionals?
District of Columbia leads with a median wage of $105,390 according to BLS OEWS May 2025, substantially above the national median of $62,200.
market_intel BLS OEWS May 2025
What industries employ the majority of news analysts and journalists?
The Information sector, Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services, and Educational Services are top employers according to BLS OEWS May 2025 data.
market_intel BLS OEWS May 2025
What educational path should I pursue to enter journalism?
A bachelor's degree in journalism, communications, English, or a related field is typically required for entry, reflecting Job Zone 4 classification requiring extensive preparation.
career_advice BLS occupational classification
What key work styles characterize successful journalists?
Dependability (8.0), Integrity (7.0), and Intellectual Curiosity (6.0) are the dominant work styles, with Achievement Orientation (5.0) also critical for thriving in the field.
career_advice O*NET work styles assessment
How does the RIASEC profile for journalists compare to related occupations like Editors?
Journalists score highest in Artistic (5.09) and Investigative (4.16) dimensions, similar to Editors but with stronger emphasis on external communication and information gathering versus editing refinement.
comparative O*NET RIASEC profiles
What software proficiencies are most valuable for modern journalists?
Adobe Premiere Pro, Apple Final Cut Pro, and Adobe After Effects are critical for multimedia storytelling, alongside traditional writing tools, reflecting the shift to digital and video-centric journalism.
comparative O*NET software tools assessment
◈ Boise Standard Employment Graph · 27-3023.00 · minted 2026-06-02T16:18:30Z · Sources: O*NET 30.3 (CC BY 4.0) · BLS OEWS May 2025 (Public Domain) · BS: https://boisestandard.org/employment/27-3023-news_analysts_reporters_and_journalists
Boise Standard — Employment Intelligence
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Boise Standard · The Standard of Information · boisestandard.org ↗
Provenance Window — Full Source Record · 27-3023.00 · News Analysts, Reporters, and Journalists 7 source blocks · click to expand
O*NET Identity onetonline.org ↗ · O*NET 30.3 · CC BY 4.0 · retrieved 2026-06-02
[('onet_soc_code', '27-3023.00'), ('soc_code', '27-3023'), ('title', 'News Analysts, Reporters, and Journalists'), ('vertical', 'arts_media'), ('job_zone', '4'), ('job_zone_name', 'Job Zone Four: Considerable Preparation Needed'), ('job_zone_exp', 'A considerable amount of work-related skill, knowledge, or experience is needed for these occupations. For example, an a'), ('description', 'Narrate or write news stories, reviews, or commentary for print, broadcast, or other communications media such as newspapers, magazines, radio, or television. May collect and analyze information through interview, investigation, or observation.'), ('bundle_version', '1'), ('built_at', '2026-06-02T16:18:30Z')]
O*NET Task Statements (30 tasks, 0 emerging) O*NET 30.3 Task Statements · Incumbent-reported · CC BY 4.0
[Core] Write commentaries, columns, or scripts, using computers.
  DWAs: Write informational material.

[Core] Coordinate and serve as an anchor on news broadcast programs.
  DWAs: Report news to the public. | Coordinate reporting or editing activities.

[Core] Examine news items of local, national, and international significance to determine topics to address, or obtain assignments from editorial staff members.
  DWAs: Determine presentation subjects or content.

[Core] Analyze and interpret news and information received from various sources to broadcast the information.
  DWAs: Analyze information obtained from news sources.

[Core] Receive assignments or evaluate leads or tips to develop story ideas.
  DWAs: Analyze information obtained from news sources.

[Core] Research a story's background information to provide complete and accurate information.
  DWAs: Gather information for news stories.

[Core] Arrange interviews with people who can provide information about a story.
  DWAs: Coordinate logistics for productions or events.

[Core] Gather information and develop perspectives about news subjects through research, interviews, observation, and experience.
  DWAs: Gather information for news stories.

[Core] Select material most pertinent to presentation, and organize this material into appropriate formats.
  DWAs: Determine presentation subjects or content.

[Core] Present news stories, and introduce in-depth videotaped segments or live transmissions from on-the-scene reporters.
  DWAs: Report news to the public.

[Core] Establish and maintain relationships with individuals who are credible sources of information.
  DWAs: Develop professional relationships or networks.

[Core] Report news stories for publication or broadcast, describing the background and details of events.
  DWAs: Report news to the public.

[Core] Revise work to meet editorial approval or to fit time or space requirements.
  DWAs: Edit written materials.

[Core] Review and evaluate notes taken about news events to isolate pertinent facts and details.
  DWAs: Analyze information obtained from news sources.

[Core] Investigate breaking news developments, such as disasters, crimes, or human-interest stories.
  DWAs: Gather information for news stories.

[Core] Review written, audio, or video copy, and correct errors in content, grammar, or punctuation, following prescribed editorial style and formatting guidelines.
  DWAs: Edit written materials.

[Core] Report on specialized fields such as medicine, green technology, environmental issues, science, politics, sports, arts, consumer affairs, business, religion, crime, or education.
  DWAs: Gather information for news stories. | Report news to the public.

[Core] Determine a published or broadcasted story's emphasis, length, and format, organizing material accordingly.
  DWAs: Determine presentation subjects or content.

[Core] Transmit news stories or reporting information from remote locations, using equipment such as satellite phones, telephones, fax machines, or modems.
  DWAs: Operate communications, transmissions, or broadcasting equipment.

[Core] Check reference materials, such as books, news files, or public records, to obtain relevant facts.
  DWAs: Gather information for news stories.

[Core] Discuss issues with editors to establish priorities or positions.
  DWAs: Coordinate reporting or editing activities.

[Core] Photograph or videotape news events.
  DWAs: Operate still or video cameras or related equipment.

[Core] Present live or recorded commentary via broadcast media.
  DWAs: Inform viewers, listeners, or audiences.

[Core] Take pictures or video, and process them for inclusion in a story.
  DWAs: Gather information for news stories. | Operate still or video cameras or related equipment.

[Core] Conduct taped or filmed interviews or narratives.
  DWAs: Interview others for news or entertainment purposes.

[Core] Develop ideas or material for columns or commentaries by analyzing and interpreting news, current issues, or personal experiences.
  DWAs: Monitor current trends.

[Core] Communicate with readers, viewers, advertisers, or the general public via mail, email, or telephone.
  DWAs: Correspond with customers to answer questions or resolve complaints.

[Core] Write online blog entries that address news developments or offer additional information, opinions, or commentary on news events.
  DWAs: Write informational material.

[Core] Assign stories to other reporters or duties to production staff.
  DWAs: Coordinate reporting or editing activities.

[Core] Write columns, editorials, commentaries, or reviews that interpret events or offer opinions.
  DWAs: Write informational material.
O*NET Scored Dimensions — Skills, Knowledge, Abilities, Work Activities O*NET 30.3 · CC BY 4.0 · domain_source: Incumbent/Analyst/Machine Learning
--- SKILLS ---
  Speaking (imp:4.12 lvl:3.88) — Talking to others to convey information effectively.
  Reading Comprehension (imp:4.00 lvl:3.62) — Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work-related documents.
  Writing (imp:4.00 lvl:4.25) — Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the audienc
  Active Listening (imp:3.88 lvl:3.75) — Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand
  Critical Thinking (imp:3.38 lvl:3.50) — Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternativ
  Active Learning (imp:3.25 lvl:3.38) — Understanding the implications of new information for both current and future pr
  Monitoring (imp:3.00 lvl:3.12) — Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or organization
  Learning Strategies (imp:2.38 lvl:2.25) — Selecting and using training/instructional methods and procedures appropriate fo
  Mathematics (imp:2.00 lvl:1.50) — Using mathematics to solve problems.
  Science (imp:1.00) — Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems.

--- KNOWLEDGE ---
  English Language (imp:4.85 lvl:5.38) — Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the mea
  Communications and Media (imp:4.71 lvl:5.54) — Knowledge of media production, communication, and dissemination techniques and m
  Law and Government (imp:3.70 lvl:3.55) — Knowledge of laws, legal codes, court procedures, precedents, government regulat
  Computers and Electronics (imp:3.40 lvl:3.74) — Knowledge of circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and comput
  Telecommunications (imp:3.38 lvl:2.82) — Knowledge of transmission, broadcasting, switching, control, and operation of te
  Customer and Personal Service (imp:3.17 lvl:3.90) — Knowledge of principles and processes for providing customer and personal servic
  Geography (imp:3.04 lvl:3.99) — Knowledge of principles and methods for describing the features of land, sea, an
  Public Safety and Security (imp:2.96 lvl:2.79) — Knowledge of relevant equipment, policies, procedures, and strategies to promote
  History and Archeology (imp:2.94 lvl:3.49) — Knowledge of historical events and their causes, indicators, and effects on civi
  Administration and Management (imp:2.79 lvl:3.23) — Knowledge of business and management principles involved in strategic planning, 
  Sociology and Anthropology (imp:2.78 lvl:3.32) — Knowledge of group behavior and dynamics, societal trends and influences, human 
  Psychology (imp:2.62 lvl:3.04) — Knowledge of human behavior and performance; individual differences in ability, 
  Administrative (imp:2.60 lvl:3.14) — Knowledge of administrative and office procedures and systems such as word proce
  Education and Training (imp:2.55 lvl:2.98) — Knowledge of principles and methods for curriculum and training design, teaching
  Mathematics (imp:2.40 lvl:2.88) — Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their appl
  Transportation (imp:2.33 lvl:2.23) — Knowledge of principles and methods for moving people or goods by air, rail, sea
  Foreign Language (imp:2.20 lvl:2.24) — Knowledge of the structure and content of a foreign (non-English) language inclu
  Philosophy and Theology (imp:2.20 lvl:3.17) — Knowledge of different philosophical systems and religions. This includes their 
  Sales and Marketing (imp:2.17 lvl:2.06) — Knowledge of principles and methods for showing, promoting, and selling products
  Economics and Accounting (imp:2.14 lvl:1.88) — Knowledge of economic and accounting principles and practices, the financial mar
  Fine Arts (imp:2.01 lvl:1.50) — Knowledge of the theory and techniques required to compose, produce, and perform
  Personnel and Human Resources (imp:1.96 lvl:2.04) — Knowledge of principles and procedures for personnel recruitment, selection, tra
  Medicine and Dentistry (imp:1.87 lvl:1.58) — Knowledge of the information and techniques needed to diagnose and treat human i
  Engineering and Technology (imp:1.84 lvl:1.43) — Knowledge of the practical application of engineering science and technology. Th
  Production and Processing (imp:1.75 lvl:1.04) — Knowledge of raw materials, production processes, quality control, costs, and ot
  Design (imp:1.66 lvl:1.00) — Knowledge of design techniques, tools, and principles involved in production of 
  Biology (imp:1.65 lvl:1.31) — Knowledge of plant and animal organisms, their tissues, cells, functions, interd
  Therapy and Counseling (imp:1.53) — Knowledge of principles, methods, and procedures for diagnosis, treatment, and r
  Mechanical (imp:1.49 lvl:1.16) — Knowledge of machines and tools, including their designs, uses, repair, and main
  Physics (imp:1.42) — Knowledge and prediction of physical principles, laws, their interrelationships,
  Food Production (imp:1.40 lvl:0.85) — Knowledge of techniques and equipment for planting, growing, and harvesting food
  Building and Construction (imp:1.38) — Knowledge of materials, methods, and the tools involved in the construction or r
  Chemistry (imp:1.27) — Knowledge of the chemical composition, structure, and properties of substances a

--- ABILITIES ---
  Oral Expression (imp:4.00 lvl:4.00) — The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will unde
  Oral Comprehension (imp:3.88 lvl:4.00) — The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through 
  Written Expression (imp:3.88 lvl:3.62) — The ability to communicate information and ideas in writing so others will under
  Speech Clarity (imp:3.88 lvl:3.88) — The ability to speak clearly so others can understand you.
  Written Comprehension (imp:3.75 lvl:3.62) — The ability to read and understand information and ideas presented in writing.
  Speech Recognition (imp:3.75 lvl:3.88) — The ability to identify and understand the speech of another person.
  Near Vision (imp:3.50 lvl:3.88) — The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the observer).
  Problem Sensitivity (imp:3.38 lvl:3.50) — The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does no
  Inductive Reasoning (imp:3.38 lvl:3.50) — The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusion
  Information Ordering (imp:3.38 lvl:3.50) — The ability to arrange things or actions in a certain order or pattern according
  Selective Attention (imp:3.38 lvl:3.00) — The ability to concentrate on a task over a period of time without being distrac
  Fluency of Ideas (imp:3.25 lvl:3.38) — The ability to come up with a number of ideas about a topic (the number of ideas
  Originality (imp:3.25 lvl:3.12) — The ability to come up with unusual or clever ideas about a given topic or situa
  Deductive Reasoning (imp:3.25 lvl:3.62) — The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that 
  Flexibility of Closure (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to identify or detect a known pattern (a figure, object, word, or so
  Far Vision (imp:3.00 lvl:3.12) — The ability to see details at a distance.
  Category Flexibility (imp:2.75 lvl:3.12) — The ability to generate or use different sets of rules for combining or grouping
  Memorization (imp:2.75 lvl:2.75) — The ability to remember information such as words, numbers, pictures, and proced
  Speed of Closure (imp:2.62 lvl:2.50) — The ability to quickly make sense of, combine, and organize information into mea
  Perceptual Speed (imp:2.62 lvl:2.12) — The ability to quickly and accurately compare similarities and differences among
  Time Sharing (imp:2.62 lvl:2.25) — The ability to shift back and forth between two or more activities or sources of
  Auditory Attention (imp:2.50 lvl:2.38) — The ability to focus on a single source of sound in the presence of other distra
  Visualization (imp:2.38 lvl:1.88) — The ability to imagine how something will look after it is moved around or when 
  Number Facility (imp:2.25 lvl:2.00) — The ability to add, subtract, multiply, or divide quickly and correctly.
  Trunk Strength (imp:2.25 lvl:1.62) — The ability to use your abdominal and lower back muscles to support part of the 
  Hearing Sensitivity (imp:2.25 lvl:2.00) — The ability to detect or tell the differences between sounds that vary in pitch 
  Arm-Hand Steadiness (imp:2.12 lvl:1.25) — The ability to keep your hand and arm steady while moving your arm or while hold
  Wrist-Finger Speed (imp:2.12) — The ability to make fast, simple, repeated movements of the fingers, hands, and 
  Mathematical Reasoning (imp:2.00 lvl:1.62) — The ability to choose the right mathematical methods or formulas to solve a prob
  Visual Color Discrimination (imp:2.00 lvl:1.75) — The ability to match or detect differences between colors, including shades of c
  Glare Sensitivity (imp:2.00 lvl:1.50) — The ability to see objects in the presence of a glare or bright lighting.
  Manual Dexterity (imp:1.88 lvl:1.12) — The ability to quickly move your hand, your hand together with your arm, or your
  Control Precision (imp:1.88 lvl:1.25) — The ability to quickly and repeatedly adjust the controls of a machine or a vehi
  Depth Perception (imp:1.88 lvl:1.25) — The ability to judge which of several objects is closer or farther away from you
  Finger Dexterity (imp:1.75 lvl:1.12) — The ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the fingers of one or bot
  Dynamic Strength (imp:1.75 lvl:0.88) — The ability to exert muscle force repeatedly or continuously over time. This inv
  Spatial Orientation (imp:1.25 lvl:0.50) — The ability to know your location in relation to the environment or to know wher
  Static Strength (imp:1.25 lvl:0.38) — The ability to exert maximum muscle force to lift, push, pull, or carry objects.
  Multilimb Coordination (imp:1.12 lvl:0.12) — The ability to coordinate two or more limbs (for example, two arms, two legs, or
  Response Orientation (imp:1.12 lvl:0.12) — The ability to choose quickly between two or more movements in response to two o
  Rate Control (imp:1.12 lvl:0.12) — The ability to time your movements or the movement of a piece of equipment in an
  Reaction Time (imp:1.12 lvl:0.12) — The ability to quickly respond (with the hand, finger, or foot) to a signal (sou
  Speed of Limb Movement (imp:1.12 lvl:0.12) — The ability to quickly move the arms and legs.
  Explosive Strength (imp:1.12 lvl:0.12) — The ability to use short bursts of muscle force to propel oneself (as in jumping
  Stamina (imp:1.12 lvl:0.12) — The ability to exert yourself physically over long periods of time without getti
  Extent Flexibility (imp:1.12 lvl:0.12) — The ability to bend, stretch, twist, or reach with your body, arms, and/or legs.
  Dynamic Flexibility (imp:1.12 lvl:0.12) — The ability to quickly and repeatedly bend, stretch, twist, or reach out with yo
  Gross Body Coordination (imp:1.12 lvl:0.12) — The ability to coordinate the movement of your arms, legs, and torso together wh
  Gross Body Equilibrium (imp:1.12 lvl:0.12) — The ability to keep or regain your body balance or stay upright when in an unsta
  Night Vision (imp:1.00) — The ability to see under low-light conditions.
  Peripheral Vision (imp:1.00) — The ability to see objects or movement of objects to one's side when the eyes ar
  Sound Localization (imp:1.00) — The ability to tell the direction from which a sound originated.

--- WORK ACTIVITIES ---
  Getting Information (imp:4.79 lvl:4.72) — Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from all relevant sour
  Communicating with People Outside the Organization (imp:4.46 lvl:5.89) — Communicating with people outside the organization, representing the organizatio
  Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others (imp:4.34 lvl:4.44) — Translating or explaining what information means and how it can be used.
  Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events (imp:4.17 lvl:4.15) — Identifying information by categorizing, estimating, recognizing differences or 
  Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships (imp:4.09 lvl:5.36) — Developing constructive and cooperative working relationships with others, and m
  Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates (imp:4.08 lvl:4.57) — Providing information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone,
  Performing for or Working Directly with the Public (imp:3.94 lvl:4.77) — Performing for people or dealing directly with the public. This includes serving
  Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge (imp:3.92 lvl:4.83) — Keeping up-to-date technically and applying new knowledge to your job.
  Thinking Creatively (imp:3.86 lvl:4.21) — Developing, designing, or creating new applications, ideas, relationships, syste
  Documenting/Recording Information (imp:3.85 lvl:3.93) — Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining information in writte
  Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work (imp:3.84 lvl:4.78) — Developing specific goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and accomplish your
  Working with Computers (imp:3.81 lvl:2.92) — Using computers and computer systems (including hardware and software) to progra
  Analyzing Data or Information (imp:3.73 lvl:4.26) — Identifying the underlying principles, reasons, or facts of information by break
  Processing Information (imp:3.57 lvl:4.03) — Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, or verifying
  Making Decisions and Solving Problems (imp:3.55 lvl:3.56) — Analyzing information and evaluating results to choose the best solution and sol
  Monitoring Processes, Materials, or Surroundings (imp:3.37 lvl:3.49) — Monitoring and reviewing information from materials, events, or the environment,
  Evaluating Information to Determine Compliance with Standards (imp:3.16 lvl:3.25) — Using relevant information and individual judgment to determine whether events o
  Scheduling Work and Activities (imp:3.08 lvl:3.14) — Scheduling events, programs, and activities, as well as the work of others.
  Judging the Qualities of Objects, Services, or People (imp:3.01 lvl:3.21) — Assessing the value, importance, or quality of things or people.
  Coordinating the Work and Activities of Others (imp:2.89 lvl:3.04) — Getting members of a group to work together to accomplish tasks.
  Developing and Building Teams (imp:2.86 lvl:2.42) — Encouraging and building mutual trust, respect, and cooperation among team membe
  Resolving Conflicts and Negotiating with Others (imp:2.83 lvl:3.29) — Handling complaints, settling disputes, and resolving grievances and conflicts, 
  Estimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or Information (imp:2.79 lvl:2.69) — Estimating sizes, distances, and quantities; or determining time, costs, resourc
  Coaching and Developing Others (imp:2.47 lvl:2.60) — Identifying the developmental needs of others and coaching, mentoring, or otherw
  Training and Teaching Others (imp:2.38 lvl:2.56) — Identifying the educational needs of others, developing formal educational or tr
  Developing Objectives and Strategies (imp:2.36 lvl:2.48) — Establishing long-range objectives and specifying the strategies and actions to 
  Providing Consultation and Advice to Others (imp:2.34 lvl:2.50) — Providing guidance and expert advice to management or other groups on technical,
  Performing Administrative Activities (imp:2.33 lvl:2.02) — Performing day-to-day administrative tasks such as maintaining information files
  Selling or Influencing Others (imp:2.28 lvl:2.24) — Convincing others to buy merchandise/goods or to otherwise change their minds or
  Guiding, Directing, and Motivating Subordinates (imp:2.22 lvl:1.78) — Providing guidance and direction to subordinates, including setting performance 
  Operating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or Equipment (imp:2.15 lvl:1.42) — Running, maneuvering, navigating, or driving vehicles or mechanized equipment, s
  Performing General Physical Activities (imp:2.10 lvl:1.75) — Performing general physical activities includes doing activities that require co
  Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Materials (imp:1.94 lvl:1.46) — Inspecting equipment, structures, or materials to identify the cause of errors o
  Assisting and Caring for Others (imp:1.94 lvl:1.77) — Providing personal assistance, medical attention, emotional support, or other pe
  Handling and Moving Objects (imp:1.89 lvl:2.35) — Using hands and arms in handling, installing, positioning, and moving materials,
  Staffing Organizational Units (imp:1.81 lvl:1.47) — Recruiting, interviewing, selecting, hiring, and promoting employees in an organ
  Monitoring and Controlling Resources (imp:1.81 lvl:1.34) — Monitoring and controlling resources and overseeing the spending of money.
  Controlling Machines and Processes (imp:1.70 lvl:1.27) — Using either control mechanisms or direct physical activity to operate machines 
  Repairing and Maintaining Electronic Equipment (imp:1.50 lvl:0.93) — Servicing, repairing, calibrating, regulating, fine-tuning, or testing machines,
  Drafting, Laying Out, and Specifying Technical Devices, Parts, and Equipment (imp:1.34 lvl:0.76) — Providing documentation, detailed instructions, drawings, or specifications to t
  Repairing and Maintaining Mechanical Equipment (imp:1.31) — Servicing, repairing, adjusting, and testing machines, devices, moving parts, an

--- WORK STYLES ---
  Dependability (imp:8.00) — A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related o
  Integrity (imp:7.00) — A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
  Intellectual Curiosity (imp:6.00) — A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep 
  Achievement Orientation (imp:5.00) — A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, 
  Social Orientation (imp:4.00) — A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
  Innovation (imp:3.00) — A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on 
  Integrity (imp:2.51) — A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
  Intellectual Curiosity (imp:2.28) — A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep 
  Adaptability (imp:2.26) — A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas 
  Social Orientation (imp:2.26) — A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
  Dependability (imp:2.19) — A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related o
  Achievement Orientation (imp:2.04) — A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, 
  Initiative (imp:2.03) — A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may
  Innovation (imp:2.00) — A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on 
  Adaptability (imp:2.00) — A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas 
  Stress Tolerance (imp:1.99) — A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
  Self-Confidence (imp:1.98) — A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control 
  Attention to Detail (imp:1.97) — A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
  Perseverance (imp:1.94) — A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in 
  Tolerance for Ambiguity (imp:1.83) — A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
  Self-Control (imp:1.73) — A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in res
  Sincerity (imp:1.16) — A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, withou
  Empathy (imp:1.14) — A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feel
  Leadership Orientation (imp:1.11) — A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
  Initiative (imp:1.00) — A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may
  Optimism (imp:0.76) — A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even un
  Cooperation (imp:0.75) — A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
  Tolerance for Ambiguity () — A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
  Self-Confidence () — A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control 
  Perseverance () — A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in 
  Leadership Orientation () — A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
  Humility () — A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
  Sincerity () — A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, withou
  Empathy () — A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feel
  Cooperation () — A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
  Optimism () — A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even un
  Cautiousness () — A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related
  Cautiousness () — A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related
  Attention to Detail () — A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
  Stress Tolerance () — A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
  Self-Control () — A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in res
  Humility (imp:-0.68) — A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.

--- TRANSFERABLE SKILLS ---
  Social Perceptiveness (imp:3.50 lvl:3.62) — Being aware of others' reactions and understanding why they react as they do.
  Time Management (imp:3.50 lvl:3.38) — Managing one's own time and the time of others.
  Coordination (imp:3.38 lvl:3.38) — Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions.
  Complex Problem Solving (imp:3.25 lvl:3.12) — Identifying complex problems and reviewing related information to develop and ev
  Judgment and Decision Making (imp:3.25 lvl:3.00) — Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential actions to choose the m
  Persuasion (imp:3.12 lvl:3.25) — Persuading others to change their minds or behavior.
  Service Orientation (imp:3.00 lvl:3.12) — Actively looking for ways to help people.
  Negotiation (imp:2.75 lvl:2.62) — Bringing others together and trying to reconcile differences.
  Instructing (imp:2.50 lvl:2.38) — Teaching others how to do something.
  Systems Analysis (imp:2.50 lvl:2.25) — Determining how a system should work and how changes in conditions, operations, 
  Management of Personnel Resources (imp:2.50 lvl:2.75) — Motivating, developing, and directing people as they work, identifying the best 
  Systems Evaluation (imp:2.25 lvl:2.12) — Identifying measures or indicators of system performance and the actions needed 
  Technology Design (imp:1.75 lvl:1.25) — Generating or adapting equipment and technology to serve user needs.
  Operations Monitoring (imp:1.75 lvl:1.38) — Watching gauges, dials, or other indicators to make sure a machine is working pr
  Operation and Control (imp:1.75 lvl:1.38) — Controlling operations of equipment or systems.
  Quality Control Analysis (imp:1.75 lvl:1.12) — Conducting tests and inspections of products, services, or processes to evaluate
  Management of Financial Resources (imp:1.75 lvl:1.00) — Determining how money will be spent to get the work done, and accounting for the
  Management of Material Resources (imp:1.62 lvl:1.12) — Obtaining and seeing to the appropriate use of equipment, facilities, and materi
  Operations Analysis (imp:1.50 lvl:0.75) — Analyzing needs and product requirements to create a design.
  Programming (imp:1.50 lvl:0.75) — Writing computer programs for various purposes.
  Equipment Selection (imp:1.00) — Determining the kind of tools and equipment needed to do a job.
  Installation (imp:1.00) — Installing equipment, machines, wiring, or programs to meet specifications.
  Equipment Maintenance (imp:1.00) — Performing routine maintenance on equipment and determining when and what kind o
  Troubleshooting (imp:1.00) — Determining causes of operating errors and deciding what to do about it.
  Repairing (imp:1.00) — Repairing machines or systems using the needed tools.
BLS OEWS May 2025 — 39,250 employed nationally bls.gov/oes ↗ · Public Domain · US Government · retrieved 2026-06-02
--- NATIONAL WAGES ---
  total_employment : 39,250
  annual_median    : $62,200
  annual_pct10     : $36,240
  annual_pct25     : $45,370
  annual_pct75     : $98,450
  annual_pct90     : $144,140
  annual_mean      : $102,460
  hourly_median    : $29.91

--- GEOGRAPHIC DISPERSION ---
  highest_state    : District of Columbia ($105,390)
  lowest_state     : West Virginia ($35,280)
  dispersion_ratio : 2.987x

--- TOP STATES BY WAGE (49 total) ---
  Information                              emp:   37,120  median: $  61,900
  Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services emp:      730  median: $  82,530
  Educational Services                     emp:      600  median: $  53,290
  Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services emp:      190  median: $ 103,620
  Other Services (except Public Administration) emp:      190  median: $  60,220
  Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation      emp:      130  median: $  88,460
  Federal, State, and Local Government, excluding State and Local Government Schools and Hospitals and the U.S. Postal Service (OEWS Designation) emp:       90  median: $  53,790
  Manufacturing                            emp:       60  median: $  41,100

--- TOP INDUSTRIES BY EMPLOYMENT (8 total) ---
  Information                              emp:   37,120  median: $  61,900
  Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services emp:      730  median: $  82,530
  Educational Services                     emp:      600  median: $  53,290
  Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services emp:      190  median: $ 103,620
  Other Services (except Public Administration) emp:      190  median: $  60,220
  Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation      emp:      130  median: $  88,460
  Federal, State, and Local Government, excluding State and Local Government Schools and Hospitals and the U.S. Postal Service (OEWS Designation) emp:       90  median: $  53,790
  Manufacturing                            emp:       60  median: $  41,100
Wikipedia — no exact match (0 words) N/A ↗ · CC BY-SA 4.0
exact_match_status : no_exact_match
matched_title      : N/A
match_score        : 0.0000
wikidata_qid       : N/A
word_count         : 0
wikipedia_url      : N/A
license            : CC BY-SA 4.0
fetched_at         : 2026-06-02T21:25:46.779167Z

--- SEMANTIC NEIGHBORS (5) ---

  Title: Journalist (similarity: 0.3922)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journalist
  QID: Q1930187
  Extract: A journalist is a person who gathers information in the form of text, audio or pictures, processes it into a newsworthy form and disseminates it to the public. This process is called journalism.

  Title: List of current BBC newsreaders and reporters (similarity: 0.3953)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_current_BBC_newsreaders_and_reporters
  QID: Q6563170
  Extract: 



This is a list of newsreaders and journalists currently employed by BBC Television and BBC Radio.

  Title: Sky News presenters and editorial staff (similarity: 0.5500)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sky_News_presenters_and_editorial_staff
  QID: Q7537437
  Extract: 

Sky News has over 50 staff who appear on camera in presenter, editor and correspondent roles.

  Title: Embedded journalism (similarity: 0.4667)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embedded_journalism
  QID: Q1334995
  Extract: Embedded journalism is the practice of attaching war correspondents to military units involved in armed conflicts. While the term could be applied to many historical interactions between journalists and military personnel, it first came to be used in the media coverage of the 2003 invasion of Iraq. 

  Title: List of ITV News on air staff (similarity: 0.2571)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ITV_News_on_air_staff
  QID: Q6630424
  Extract: 


This is a list of current and former on air staff for the ITN produced ITV News broadcasts which are transmitted on ITV and ITVX.
Claude Inference — claude-sonnet-4-20250514 · confidence:high · $0.0429 inferred_at: 2026-06-03T18:17:45 UTC · Boise Standard inference pipeline v1.0
model_pass1          : claude-sonnet-4-20250514
model_pass2          : claude-haiku-4-5-20251001
inference_confidence : high
confidence_notes     : Comprehensive O*NET data with detailed work activities, skills, and related occupations provides strong foundation for analysis. BLS wage data is current and geographic dispersion shows clear market patterns.
inferred_at          : 2026-06-03T18:17:45.075620+00:00
tokens_input         : 4,311
tokens_output        : 3,950
cost_usd             : $0.042892
wikipedia_used       : False
wikipedia_title      : None
wikipedia_note       : No exact Wikipedia match found, though related articles on journalists and news presenters provide contextual understanding of the profession's scope and responsibilities.

--- PROSE FIELDS ---

ROLE SUMMARY:
News Analysts, Reporters, and Journalists gather, analyze, and communicate information to the public through various media channels including newspapers, magazines, radio, television, and digital platforms. They investigate stories, conduct interviews, and present news content with high levels of written and oral communication skills. These professionals serve as information intermediaries, interpreting complex events and making them accessible to diverse audiences.

DAY IN THE LIFE:
Journalists begin by examining news items and evaluating story leads to develop compelling content angles. They conduct extensive research and arrange interviews with sources who can provide accurate, comprehensive information about their subjects. Much of their time involves gathering information through observation, investigation, and direct communication with people outside their organization. They write commentaries, columns, or scripts using computers, often working with technology tools like Adobe Creative Suite and content management systems. For broadcast journalists, the day includes coordinating news programs, presenting live stories, and introducing videotaped segments or live transmissions from field reporters.

WHO THRIVES:
Individuals who excel in journalism demonstrate exceptional intellectual curiosity combined with strong achievement orientation, as evidenced by the high importance scores for these work styles. They possess superior oral and written expression abilities, allowing them to communicate complex information clearly to diverse audiences. The artistic-investigative RIASEC profile (A:5.09, I:4.16) indicates success for those who combine creative storytelling with systematic information gathering and analysis. These professionals must maintain high integrity and dependability while managing multiple deadlines and adapting to rapidly changing news cycles.

CAREER ENTRY:
Entry into journalism typically requires a bachelor's degree in journalism, communications, English, or a related field, reflecting the Job Zone 4 classification requiring considerable preparation. Many professionals gain experience through internships at news organizations, college newspapers, or digital media outlets. Strong writing portfolios and demonstrated knowledge of current events, law and government, and media technologies are essential for securing entry-level positions.

CAREER TRAJECTORY:
Journalists can advance to senior reporter positions, specialized beats like political or business reporting, or editorial roles such as news editors and producers. The career pathway often leads to positions like broadcast anchors, media programming directors, or public relations specialists, leveraging the strong communication and media knowledge developed in journalism. Some transition to related fields in professional services or educational institutions, applying their research and communication expertise in new contexts.

MARKET INTELLIGENCE:
The journalism field employs 39,250 professionals with a median annual wage of $62,200, ranging from $36,240 to $144,140 according to BLS OEWS May 2025 data. Geographic wage variation is substantial, with Washington D.C. offering the highest compensation at $105,390 compared to West Virginia's $35,280, creating a 2.99x ratio difference. The Information sector dominates employment with 37,120 positions, while Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services and Educational Services provide additional opportunities. Despite digital disruption challenges, demand persists for skilled journalists who can navigate multimedia platforms and emerging technologies like social media analytics and content management systems.

AUTOMATION OUTLOOK:
Journalism faces moderate automation risk in routine information gathering and basic content generation, but core activities remain human-centric. The high importance of interpersonal communication, critical analysis, and creative interpretation protects against full automation. While AI tools may assist with research and initial drafts, the profession's emphasis on establishing relationships, conducting interviews, and providing nuanced context analysis ensures continued human value.

--- REASONED EDGES ---
  [career_pathway] Editors (27-3041.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Editors share identical knowledge domains (English Language, Communications and Media) and similar writing/communication skill requirements, representing natural career advancement.
    data: Related occupation Primary-Short classification
    data: Shared Writing skill (imp:4.0)
    data: Communications and Media knowledge overlap
  [skill_overlap] Public Relations Specialists (27-3031.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both roles emphasize communicating with people outside the organization (imp:4.5 for journalists) and establishing interpersonal relationships, with shared media knowledge requirements.
    data: Communicating with People Outside Organization work activity
    data: Communications and Media knowledge
    data: Related occupation classification
  [skill_overlap] Writers and Authors (27-3043.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Identical Writing skill importance (imp:4.0) and Written Expression abilities, plus shared English Language and Communications knowledge domains.
    data: Writing skill imp:4.0 match
    data: Written Expression ability
    data: English Language knowledge overlap
  [task_similarity] Producers and Directors (27-2012.00) — confidence:medium
    reasoning: Both coordinate media content and work directly with the public, sharing performance and coordination work activities in media production environments.
    data: Performing for or Working Directly with the Public work activity
    data: Related occupation classification
    data: Media production coordination tasks
  [riasec_cluster] Broadcast Announcers and Radio Disc Jockeys (27-3011.00) — confidence:medium
    reasoning: Both share Artistic-Investigative RIASEC patterns with emphasis on oral communication and media presentation skills in broadcast environments.
    data: Artistic RIASEC profile (A:5.09)
    data: Oral Expression abilities
    data: Broadcast industry overlap

--- NORMALIZER SIGNALS ---
  match_keywords   : ['journalist', 'reporter', 'news analyst', 'anchor', 'correspondent', 'news writer', 'broadcast journalist', 'columnist']
  exclude_keywords : ['blogger', 'social media', 'freelance writer', 'content creator', 'copywriter']
  title_patterns   : ['news reporter', 'broadcast journalist', 'television anchor', 'radio reporter', 'investigative journalist']
  common_variations: ['newscaster', 'news correspondent', 'media reporter', 'television reporter', 'radio journalist', 'broadcast anchor', 'news anchor', 'field reporter']
Semantic Manifold — 40 terms · 5 provenance layers employment_word_extractor.py · sources: onet_tasks | onet_dimensions | dwas | wikipedia | inference · Constitutional Law III
total_terms    : 40
top_words      : ['tendency', 'news', 'others', 'equipment', 'events', 'principles', 'ideas', 'stories', 'materials', 'public', 'includes', 'activities', 'media', 'control', 'objects', 'written', 'sources', 'material', 'human', 'techniques']
source_layers  : onet_tasks | onet_dimensions | dwas | wikipedia | inference

TERM                    COUNT     FREQ  DOMINANT SOURCE      SOURCE BREAKDOWN
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
tendency                   42  0.01517  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
news                       39  0.01409  onet_tasks           onet_tasks:36%  dwas:36%  inference:21%
others                     39  0.01409  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:97%  dwas:3%
equipment                  27  0.00975  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:85%  dwas:11%  onet_tasks:4%
events                     16  0.00578  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:50%  onet_tasks:31%  inference:12%
principles                 16  0.00578  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
ideas                      13  0.00470  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:85%  onet_tasks:15%
stories                    13  0.00470  dwas                 dwas:46%  onet_tasks:38%  inference:15%
materials                  13  0.00470  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:77%  dwas:15%  onet_tasks:8%
public                     13  0.00470  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:31%  dwas:31%  onet_tasks:15%
includes                   13  0.00470  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:92%  inference:8%
activities                 13  0.00470  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:69%  dwas:23%  inference:8%
media                      12  0.00434  inference            inference:50%  onet_dimensions:25%  wikipedia:17%
control                    12  0.00434  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
objects                    12  0.00434  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
written                    11  0.00397  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:55%  dwas:18%  inference:18%
sources                    10  0.00361  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:40%  dwas:30%  onet_tasks:20%
material                   10  0.00361  onet_tasks           onet_tasks:40%  onet_dimensions:30%  dwas:30%
human                      10  0.00361  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:70%  inference:20%  onet_tasks:10%
techniques                 10  0.00361  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
body                       10  0.00361  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
orientation                10  0.00361  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:90%  inference:10%
production                  9  0.00325  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:89%  onet_tasks:11%
problems                    9  0.00325  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
services                    9  0.00325  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:67%  inference:33%
management                  9  0.00325  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:78%  inference:22%
resources                   9  0.00325  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
quickly                     9  0.00325  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
write                       8  0.00289  onet_tasks           onet_tasks:38%  dwas:38%  onet_dimensions:12%
gather                      8  0.00289  dwas                 dwas:75%  onet_tasks:12%  inference:12%
machines                    8  0.00289  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:88%  onet_tasks:12%
needs                       8  0.00289  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
monitoring                  8  0.00289  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
procedures                  8  0.00289  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
rules                       8  0.00289  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
providing                   8  0.00289  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:88%  inference:12%
standards                   8  0.00289  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
actions                     8  0.00289  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
performing                  8  0.00289  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
identifying                 8  0.00289  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
◈ Boise Standard Employment Graph · 27-3023.00 · built 2026-06-02 · Sources declared above are authoritative originals. This page synthesizes but does not replace them. Every claim traceable. Full provenance. Constitutional Law I.
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