[Core] [25% incumbents] Document patients' histories, including identifying data, chief complaints, illnesses, previous medical or family histories, or psychosocial characteristics.
  DWAs: Record patient medical histories.

[Core] [25% incumbents] Educate patients about health care management.
  DWAs: Advise patients on healthcare system processes.

[Core] [25% incumbents] Advise patients about therapeutic exercise and nutritional medicine regimens.
  DWAs: Provide health and wellness advice to patients, program participants, or caregivers.

[Core] [25% incumbents] Conduct physical examinations and physiological function tests for diagnostic purposes.
  DWAs: Examine patients to assess general physical condition.

[Core] [25% incumbents] Administer, dispense, or prescribe natural medicines, such as food or botanical extracts, herbs, dietary supplements, vitamins, nutraceuticals, and amino acids.
  DWAs: Administer non-intravenous medications. | Prescribe medications.

[Core] [25% incumbents] Interview patients to document symptoms and health histories.
  DWAs: Collect medical information from patients, family members, or other medical professionals.

[Core] [25% incumbents] Diagnose health conditions, based on patients' symptoms and health histories, laboratory and diagnostic radiology test results, or other physiological measurements, such as electrocardiograms and electroencephalographs.
  DWAs: Analyze test data or images to inform diagnosis or treatment. | Diagnose medical conditions.

[Core] [25% incumbents] Administer treatments or therapies, such as homeopathy, hydrotherapy, Oriental or Ayurvedic medicine, electrotherapy, and diathermy, using physical agents including air, heat, cold, water, sound, or ultraviolet light to catalyze the body to heal itself.
  DWAs: Treat patients using alternative medical procedures.

[Core] [25% incumbents] Consult with other health professionals to provide optimal patient care, referring patients to traditional health care professionals as necessary.
  DWAs: Collaborate with healthcare professionals to plan or provide treatment. | Refer patients to other healthcare practitioners or health resources.

[Core] [25% incumbents] Order diagnostic imaging procedures such as radiographs (x-rays), ultrasounds, mammograms, and bone densitometry tests, or refer patients to other health professionals for these procedures.
  DWAs: Refer patients to other healthcare practitioners or health resources. | Order medical diagnostic or clinical tests.

[Core] [25% incumbents] Maintain professional development through activities such as postgraduate education, continuing education, preceptorships, and residency programs.
  DWAs: Maintain medical or professional knowledge.

[Core] [25% incumbents] Obtain medical records from previous physicians or other health care providers for the purpose of patient evaluation.
  DWAs: Gather medical information from patient histories.

[Core] [25% incumbents] Conduct periodic public health maintenance activities such as immunizations and screenings for diseases and disease risk factors.
  DWAs: Immunize patients.

[Core] [25% incumbents] Monitor updates from public health agencies to keep abreast of health trends.
  DWAs: Maintain medical or professional knowledge.

[Core] [25% incumbents] Perform mobilizations and high-velocity adjustments to joints or soft tissues, using principles of massage, stretching, or resistance.
  DWAs: Treat patients using physical therapy techniques.

[Core] [25% incumbents] Prescribe synthetic drugs under the supervision of medical doctors or within the allowances of regulatory bodies.
  DWAs: Prescribe medications.

[Core] [25% incumbents] Report patterns of patients' health conditions, such as disease status and births, to public health agencies.
  DWAs: Prepare official health documents or records.

[Core] [25% incumbents] Treat minor cuts, abrasions, or contusions.
  DWAs: Treat acute illnesses, infections, or injuries.

[Supplemental] [25% incumbents] Perform minor surgical procedures, such as removing warts, moles, or cysts, sampling tissues for skin cancer or lipomas, and applying or removing sutures.
  DWAs: Operate on patients to treat conditions.

[Core] [24% incumbents] Perform venipuncture or skin pricking to collect blood samples.
  DWAs: Collect biological specimens from patients.

--- SKILLS ---
  Reading Comprehension (imp:4.25 lvl:5.00) — Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work-related documents.
  Active Listening (imp:4.12 lvl:4.50) — Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand
  Speaking (imp:4.12 lvl:4.12) — Talking to others to convey information effectively.
  Critical Thinking (imp:4.12 lvl:4.12) — Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternativ
  Writing (imp:4.00 lvl:4.00) — Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the audienc
  Active Learning (imp:3.75 lvl:3.88) — Understanding the implications of new information for both current and future pr
  Learning Strategies (imp:3.38 lvl:3.75) — Selecting and using training/instructional methods and procedures appropriate fo
  Monitoring (imp:3.38 lvl:4.00) — Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or organization
  Science (imp:3.12 lvl:3.12) — Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems.
  Mathematics (imp:2.75 lvl:2.62) — Using mathematics to solve problems.

--- KNOWLEDGE ---
  Medicine and Dentistry (imp:4.96 lvl:5.74) — Knowledge of the information and techniques needed to diagnose and treat human i
  Biology (imp:4.76 lvl:5.32) — Knowledge of plant and animal organisms, their tissues, cells, functions, interd
  Psychology (imp:4.76 lvl:5.84) — Knowledge of human behavior and performance; individual differences in ability, 
  Therapy and Counseling (imp:4.52 lvl:5.61) — Knowledge of principles, methods, and procedures for diagnosis, treatment, and r
  Customer and Personal Service (imp:4.44 lvl:5.80) — Knowledge of principles and processes for providing customer and personal servic
  English Language (imp:4.22 lvl:4.74) — Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the mea
  Chemistry (imp:3.68 lvl:4.20) — Knowledge of the chemical composition, structure, and properties of substances a
  Education and Training (imp:3.57 lvl:4.78) — Knowledge of principles and methods for curriculum and training design, teaching
  Administrative (imp:3.48 lvl:4.64) — Knowledge of administrative and office procedures and systems such as word proce
  Sales and Marketing (imp:3.48 lvl:4.32) — Knowledge of principles and methods for showing, promoting, and selling products
  Administration and Management (imp:3.40 lvl:4.32) — Knowledge of business and management principles involved in strategic planning, 
  Sociology and Anthropology (imp:3.24 lvl:4.04) — Knowledge of group behavior and dynamics, societal trends and influences, human 
  Economics and Accounting (imp:3.20 lvl:3.40) — Knowledge of economic and accounting principles and practices, the financial mar
  Mathematics (imp:3.04 lvl:3.40) — Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their appl
  Law and Government (imp:2.88 lvl:3.08) — Knowledge of laws, legal codes, court procedures, precedents, government regulat
  Personnel and Human Resources (imp:2.84 lvl:3.64) — Knowledge of principles and procedures for personnel recruitment, selection, tra
  Communications and Media (imp:2.76 lvl:3.28) — Knowledge of media production, communication, and dissemination techniques and m
  Computers and Electronics (imp:2.72 lvl:3.72) — Knowledge of circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and comput
  Philosophy and Theology (imp:2.64 lvl:3.72) — Knowledge of different philosophical systems and religions. This includes their 
  Public Safety and Security (imp:2.52 lvl:2.40) — Knowledge of relevant equipment, policies, procedures, and strategies to promote
  Physics (imp:2.40 lvl:2.40) — Knowledge and prediction of physical principles, laws, their interrelationships,
  Food Production (imp:2.28 lvl:1.88) — Knowledge of techniques and equipment for planting, growing, and harvesting food
  Production and Processing (imp:2.04 lvl:1.84) — Knowledge of raw materials, production processes, quality control, costs, and ot
  Telecommunications (imp:1.88 lvl:1.20) — Knowledge of transmission, broadcasting, switching, control, and operation of te
  History and Archeology (imp:1.72 lvl:1.84) — Knowledge of historical events and their causes, indicators, and effects on civi
  Mechanical (imp:1.64 lvl:1.48) — Knowledge of machines and tools, including their designs, uses, repair, and main
  Geography (imp:1.60 lvl:1.68) — Knowledge of principles and methods for describing the features of land, sea, an
  Engineering and Technology (imp:1.44 lvl:1.04) — Knowledge of the practical application of engineering science and technology. Th
  Foreign Language (imp:1.44 lvl:1.00) — Knowledge of the structure and content of a foreign (non-English) language inclu
  Transportation (imp:1.40 lvl:0.96) — Knowledge of principles and methods for moving people or goods by air, rail, sea
  Building and Construction (imp:1.24 lvl:0.40) — Knowledge of materials, methods, and the tools involved in the construction or r
  Design (imp:1.20 lvl:0.36) — Knowledge of design techniques, tools, and principles involved in production of 
  Fine Arts (imp:1.12 lvl:0.24) — Knowledge of the theory and techniques required to compose, produce, and perform

--- ABILITIES ---
  Problem Sensitivity (imp:4.25 lvl:5.00) — The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does no
  Oral Expression (imp:4.12 lvl:5.00) — The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will unde
  Deductive Reasoning (imp:4.12 lvl:5.00) — The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that 
  Inductive Reasoning (imp:4.12 lvl:5.12) — The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusion
  Oral Comprehension (imp:4.00 lvl:5.00) — The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through 
  Written Comprehension (imp:4.00 lvl:5.00) — The ability to read and understand information and ideas presented in writing.
  Speech Recognition (imp:4.00 lvl:4.00) — The ability to identify and understand the speech of another person.
  Speech Clarity (imp:4.00 lvl:4.00) — The ability to speak clearly so others can understand you.
  Written Expression (imp:3.88 lvl:4.25) — The ability to communicate information and ideas in writing so others will under
  Information Ordering (imp:3.88 lvl:4.00) — The ability to arrange things or actions in a certain order or pattern according
  Near Vision (imp:3.88 lvl:4.00) — The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the observer).
  Category Flexibility (imp:3.75 lvl:4.00) — The ability to generate or use different sets of rules for combining or grouping
  Fluency of Ideas (imp:3.50 lvl:3.88) — The ability to come up with a number of ideas about a topic (the number of ideas
  Flexibility of Closure (imp:3.38 lvl:3.75) — The ability to identify or detect a known pattern (a figure, object, word, or so
  Originality (imp:3.25 lvl:3.88) — The ability to come up with unusual or clever ideas about a given topic or situa
  Selective Attention (imp:3.12 lvl:3.12) — The ability to concentrate on a task over a period of time without being distrac
  Perceptual Speed (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to quickly and accurately compare similarities and differences among
  Far Vision (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to see details at a distance.
  Mathematical Reasoning (imp:2.88 lvl:2.88) — The ability to choose the right mathematical methods or formulas to solve a prob
  Number Facility (imp:2.88 lvl:2.88) — The ability to add, subtract, multiply, or divide quickly and correctly.
  Speed of Closure (imp:2.88 lvl:2.88) — The ability to quickly make sense of, combine, and organize information into mea
  Visualization (imp:2.88 lvl:2.88) — The ability to imagine how something will look after it is moved around or when 
  Memorization (imp:2.75 lvl:2.62) — The ability to remember information such as words, numbers, pictures, and proced
  Time Sharing (imp:2.75 lvl:2.75) — The ability to shift back and forth between two or more activities or sources of
  Visual Color Discrimination (imp:2.75 lvl:2.75) — The ability to match or detect differences between colors, including shades of c
  Finger Dexterity (imp:2.50 lvl:2.50) — The ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the fingers of one or bot
  Hearing Sensitivity (imp:2.25 lvl:2.00) — The ability to detect or tell the differences between sounds that vary in pitch 
  Arm-Hand Steadiness (imp:2.00 lvl:1.88) — The ability to keep your hand and arm steady while moving your arm or while hold
  Manual Dexterity (imp:2.00 lvl:1.75) — The ability to quickly move your hand, your hand together with your arm, or your
  Depth Perception (imp:2.00 lvl:1.62) — The ability to judge which of several objects is closer or farther away from you
  Auditory Attention (imp:2.00 lvl:1.88) — The ability to focus on a single source of sound in the presence of other distra
  Wrist-Finger Speed (imp:1.88 lvl:1.00) — The ability to make fast, simple, repeated movements of the fingers, hands, and 
  Trunk Strength (imp:1.75 lvl:1.12) — The ability to use your abdominal and lower back muscles to support part of the 
  Multilimb Coordination (imp:1.62 lvl:0.62) — The ability to coordinate two or more limbs (for example, two arms, two legs, or
  Control Precision (imp:1.50 lvl:0.50) — The ability to quickly and repeatedly adjust the controls of a machine or a vehi
  Static Strength (imp:1.12 lvl:0.12) — The ability to exert maximum muscle force to lift, push, pull, or carry objects.
  Dynamic Strength (imp:1.12 lvl:0.12) — The ability to exert muscle force repeatedly or continuously over time. This inv
  Extent Flexibility (imp:1.12 lvl:0.25) — The ability to bend, stretch, twist, or reach with your body, arms, and/or legs.
  Spatial Orientation (imp:1.00) — The ability to know your location in relation to the environment or to know wher
  Response Orientation (imp:1.00) — The ability to choose quickly between two or more movements in response to two o
  Rate Control (imp:1.00) — The ability to time your movements or the movement of a piece of equipment in an
  Reaction Time (imp:1.00) — The ability to quickly respond (with the hand, finger, or foot) to a signal (sou
  Speed of Limb Movement (imp:1.00) — The ability to quickly move the arms and legs.
  Explosive Strength (imp:1.00) — The ability to use short bursts of muscle force to propel oneself (as in jumping
  Stamina (imp:1.00) — The ability to exert yourself physically over long periods of time without getti
  Dynamic Flexibility (imp:1.00) — The ability to quickly and repeatedly bend, stretch, twist, or reach out with yo
  Gross Body Coordination (imp:1.00) — The ability to coordinate the movement of your arms, legs, and torso together wh
  Gross Body Equilibrium (imp:1.00) — The ability to keep or regain your body balance or stay upright when in an unsta
  Night Vision (imp:1.00) — The ability to see under low-light conditions.
  Peripheral Vision (imp:1.00) — The ability to see objects or movement of objects to one's side when the eyes ar
  Glare Sensitivity (imp:1.00) — The ability to see objects in the presence of a glare or bright lighting.
  Sound Localization (imp:1.00) — The ability to tell the direction from which a sound originated.

--- WORK ACTIVITIES ---
  Assisting and Caring for Others (imp:4.84 lvl:5.72) — Providing personal assistance, medical attention, emotional support, or other pe
  Documenting/Recording Information (imp:4.76 lvl:4.56) — Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining information in writte
  Getting Information (imp:4.72 lvl:5.52) — Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from all relevant sour
  Making Decisions and Solving Problems (imp:4.62 lvl:5.84) — Analyzing information and evaluating results to choose the best solution and sol
  Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge (imp:4.28 lvl:5.60) — Keeping up-to-date technically and applying new knowledge to your job.
  Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others (imp:4.28 lvl:4.92) — Translating or explaining what information means and how it can be used.
  Analyzing Data or Information (imp:4.24 lvl:5.12) — Identifying the underlying principles, reasons, or facts of information by break
  Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships (imp:4.20 lvl:5.24) — Developing constructive and cooperative working relationships with others, and m
  Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events (imp:4.16 lvl:5.44) — Identifying information by categorizing, estimating, recognizing differences or 
  Performing for or Working Directly with the Public (imp:4.04 lvl:4.48) — Performing for people or dealing directly with the public. This includes serving
  Monitoring Processes, Materials, or Surroundings (imp:3.92 lvl:5.12) — Monitoring and reviewing information from materials, events, or the environment,
  Working with Computers (imp:3.88 lvl:3.28) — Using computers and computer systems (including hardware and software) to progra
  Processing Information (imp:3.84 lvl:4.88) — Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, or verifying
  Thinking Creatively (imp:3.72 lvl:4.64) — Developing, designing, or creating new applications, ideas, relationships, syste
  Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work (imp:3.72 lvl:5.00) — Developing specific goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and accomplish your
  Performing Administrative Activities (imp:3.68 lvl:4.16) — Performing day-to-day administrative tasks such as maintaining information files
  Communicating with People Outside the Organization (imp:3.64 lvl:4.68) — Communicating with people outside the organization, representing the organizatio
  Scheduling Work and Activities (imp:3.60 lvl:3.92) — Scheduling events, programs, and activities, as well as the work of others.
  Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates (imp:3.60 lvl:3.92) — Providing information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone,
  Developing Objectives and Strategies (imp:3.44 lvl:3.88) — Establishing long-range objectives and specifying the strategies and actions to 
  Judging the Qualities of Objects, Services, or People (imp:3.40 lvl:4.12) — Assessing the value, importance, or quality of things or people.
  Providing Consultation and Advice to Others (imp:3.36 lvl:4.04) — Providing guidance and expert advice to management or other groups on technical,
  Coaching and Developing Others (imp:3.32 lvl:3.88) — Identifying the developmental needs of others and coaching, mentoring, or otherw
  Monitoring and Controlling Resources (imp:3.29 lvl:4.29) — Monitoring and controlling resources and overseeing the spending of money.
  Evaluating Information to Determine Compliance with Standards (imp:3.28 lvl:3.88) — Using relevant information and individual judgment to determine whether events o
  Selling or Influencing Others (imp:3.24 lvl:4.00) — Convincing others to buy merchandise/goods or to otherwise change their minds or
  Resolving Conflicts and Negotiating with Others (imp:3.24 lvl:4.00) — Handling complaints, settling disputes, and resolving grievances and conflicts, 
  Training and Teaching Others (imp:3.24 lvl:4.36) — Identifying the educational needs of others, developing formal educational or tr
  Estimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or Information (imp:2.92 lvl:3.28) — Estimating sizes, distances, and quantities; or determining time, costs, resourc
  Developing and Building Teams (imp:2.92 lvl:2.56) — Encouraging and building mutual trust, respect, and cooperation among team membe
  Guiding, Directing, and Motivating Subordinates (imp:2.72 lvl:2.84) — Providing guidance and direction to subordinates, including setting performance 
  Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Materials (imp:2.71 lvl:2.60) — Inspecting equipment, structures, or materials to identify the cause of errors o
  Coordinating the Work and Activities of Others (imp:2.60 lvl:3.20) — Getting members of a group to work together to accomplish tasks.
  Staffing Organizational Units (imp:2.48 lvl:3.00) — Recruiting, interviewing, selecting, hiring, and promoting employees in an organ
  Performing General Physical Activities (imp:2.36 lvl:2.12) — Performing general physical activities includes doing activities that require co
  Handling and Moving Objects (imp:2.24 lvl:2.92) — Using hands and arms in handling, installing, positioning, and moving materials,
  Controlling Machines and Processes (imp:1.80 lvl:1.92) — Using either control mechanisms or direct physical activity to operate machines 
  Repairing and Maintaining Electronic Equipment (imp:1.60 lvl:1.04) — Servicing, repairing, calibrating, regulating, fine-tuning, or testing machines,
  Repairing and Maintaining Mechanical Equipment (imp:1.32 lvl:0.68) — Servicing, repairing, adjusting, and testing machines, devices, moving parts, an
  Operating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or Equipment (imp:1.28 lvl:0.60) — Running, maneuvering, navigating, or driving vehicles or mechanized equipment, s
  Drafting, Laying Out, and Specifying Technical Devices, Parts, and Equipment (imp:1.28 lvl:0.68) — Providing documentation, detailed instructions, drawings, or specifications to t

--- WORK STYLES ---
  Integrity (imp:10.00) — A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
  Cautiousness (imp:9.00) — A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related
  Intellectual Curiosity (imp:8.00) — A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep 
  Cooperation (imp:7.00) — A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
  Achievement Orientation (imp:6.00) — A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, 
  Social Orientation (imp:5.00) — A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
  Self-Control (imp:4.00) — A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in res
  Empathy (imp:3.00) — A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feel
  Attention to Detail (imp:2.60) — A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
  Intellectual Curiosity (imp:2.45) — A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep 
  Cautiousness (imp:2.39) — A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related
  Dependability (imp:2.36) — A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related o
  Empathy (imp:2.33) — A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feel
  Cooperation (imp:2.26) — A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
  Social Orientation (imp:2.20) — A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
  Integrity (imp:2.17) — A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
  Sincerity (imp:2.14) — A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, withou
  Achievement Orientation (imp:2.08) — A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, 
  Self-Control (imp:2.06) — A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in res
  Adaptability (imp:2.02) — A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas 
  Adaptability (imp:2.00) — A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas 
  Innovation (imp:1.86) — A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on 
  Stress Tolerance (imp:1.73) — A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
  Optimism (imp:1.71) — A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even un
  Perseverance (imp:1.70) — A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in 
  Self-Confidence (imp:1.66) — A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control 
  Tolerance for Ambiguity (imp:1.64) — A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
  Initiative (imp:1.62) — A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may
  Leadership Orientation (imp:1.13) — A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
  Humility (imp:1.12) — A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
  Sincerity (imp:1.00) — A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, withou
  Innovation () — A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on 
  Tolerance for Ambiguity () — A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
  Initiative () — A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may
  Self-Confidence () — A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control 
  Perseverance () — A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in 
  Leadership Orientation () — A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
  Humility () — A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
  Optimism () — A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even un
  Attention to Detail () — A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
  Dependability () — A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related o
  Stress Tolerance () — A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.

--- TRANSFERABLE SKILLS ---
  Social Perceptiveness (imp:4.00 lvl:4.62) — Being aware of others' reactions and understanding why they react as they do.
  Judgment and Decision Making (imp:4.00 lvl:4.25) — Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential actions to choose the m
  Service Orientation (imp:3.88 lvl:4.00) — Actively looking for ways to help people.
  Complex Problem Solving (imp:3.88 lvl:4.00) — Identifying complex problems and reviewing related information to develop and ev
  Coordination (imp:3.12 lvl:3.50) — Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions.
  Persuasion (imp:3.12 lvl:3.75) — Persuading others to change their minds or behavior.
  Instructing (imp:3.12 lvl:3.12) — Teaching others how to do something.
  Systems Analysis (imp:3.12 lvl:3.12) — Determining how a system should work and how changes in conditions, operations, 
  Time Management (imp:3.12 lvl:3.12) — Managing one's own time and the time of others.
  Management of Personnel Resources (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — Motivating, developing, and directing people as they work, identifying the best 
  Negotiation (imp:2.88 lvl:2.88) — Bringing others together and trying to reconcile differences.
  Systems Evaluation (imp:2.88 lvl:3.50) — Identifying measures or indicators of system performance and the actions needed 
  Quality Control Analysis (imp:2.12 lvl:1.25) — Conducting tests and inspections of products, services, or processes to evaluate
  Operations Monitoring (imp:2.00 lvl:1.75) — Watching gauges, dials, or other indicators to make sure a machine is working pr
  Management of Financial Resources (imp:2.00 lvl:1.75) — Determining how money will be spent to get the work done, and accounting for the
  Management of Material Resources (imp:2.00 lvl:1.75) — Obtaining and seeing to the appropriate use of equipment, facilities, and materi
  Operations Analysis (imp:1.88 lvl:1.00) — Analyzing needs and product requirements to create a design.
  Technology Design (imp:1.75 lvl:0.88) — Generating or adapting equipment and technology to serve user needs.
  Programming (imp:1.62 lvl:0.75) — Writing computer programs for various purposes.
  Troubleshooting (imp:1.50 lvl:0.50) — Determining causes of operating errors and deciding what to do about it.
  Operation and Control (imp:1.25 lvl:0.25) — Controlling operations of equipment or systems.
  Equipment Selection (imp:1.12 lvl:0.12) — Determining the kind of tools and equipment needed to do a job.
  Installation (imp:1.00) — Installing equipment, machines, wiring, or programs to meet specifications.
  Equipment Maintenance (imp:1.00) — Performing routine maintenance on equipment and determining when and what kind o
  Repairing (imp:1.00) — Repairing machines or systems using the needed tools.

--- NATIONAL WAGES ---
  total_employment : 28,630
  annual_median    : $115,210
  annual_pct10     : $65,210
  annual_pct25     : $83,780
  annual_pct75     : $161,470
  annual_pct90     : $195,190
  annual_mean      : $127,660
  hourly_median    : $55.39

--- GEOGRAPHIC DISPERSION ---
  highest_state    : Maryland ($164,670)
  lowest_state     : Rhode Island ($81,280)
  dispersion_ratio : 2.026x

--- TOP STATES BY WAGE (44 total) ---
  Federal, State, and Local Government, excluding State and Local Government Schools and Hospitals and the U.S. Postal Service (OEWS Designation) emp:   19,380  median: $ 126,300
  Health Care and Social Assistance        emp:    7,660  median: $  87,370
  Educational Services                     emp:      890  median: $  82,690
  Retail Trade                             emp:      120  median: $  56,070
  Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services emp:      120  median: $  73,490
  Finance and Insurance                    emp:       90  median: $ 134,080
  Management of Companies and Enterprises  emp:       70  median: $ 100,760
  Other Services (except Public Administration) emp:       50  median: $  49,730

--- TOP INDUSTRIES BY EMPLOYMENT (8 total) ---
  Federal, State, and Local Government, excluding State and Local Government Schools and Hospitals and the U.S. Postal Service (OEWS Designation) emp:   19,380  median: $ 126,300
  Health Care and Social Assistance        emp:    7,660  median: $  87,370
  Educational Services                     emp:      890  median: $  82,690
  Retail Trade                             emp:      120  median: $  56,070
  Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services emp:      120  median: $  73,490
  Finance and Insurance                    emp:       90  median: $ 134,080
  Management of Companies and Enterprises  emp:       70  median: $ 100,760
  Other Services (except Public Administration) emp:       50  median: $  49,730

exact_match_status : found
matched_title      : Naturopathic Physicians Licensing Examinations
match_score        : 0.6667
wikidata_qid       : Q6981010
word_count         : 600
wikipedia_url      : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naturopathic_Physicians_Licensing_Examinations
license            : CC BY-SA 4.0
fetched_at         : 2026-06-02T21:43:04.954979Z

--- WIKIPEDIA FULL TEXT ---
The Naturopathic Physicians Licensing Examinations (NPLEX) are professional licensing exams administered by the North American Board of Naturopathic Examiners (NABNE). Graduates of naturopathic programs accredited by the Council on Naturopathic Medical Education (CNME) are required to pass the exams before being permitted to practice naturopathic medicine in a U.S. state or Canadian province that licenses naturopaths. (Some naturopaths who graduated prior to the advent of the NPLEX were licensed by examinations administered by state licensing boards.)
There are concerns that the NPLEX does not test naturopathic examinees on the knowledge necessary for the practice of primary care medicine. However, naturopathic advocates claim that the NPLEX is equivalent to other standard medical licensing examinations, such as the USMLE and COMLEX-USA, but this has not been established by independent analysts due to the exam being withheld from external review. Unlike the USMLE and COMLEX-USA, the NPLEX is exclusively a written, multiple-choice exam and, therefore, does not contain sections to test clinical skills on modeled patients.


== Performance and quality ==

Very little is known about the NPLEX exam, and it has been called a mystery by those outside the naturopathic community. No external review has been conducted on the NPLEX to assess whether examinees can safely and effectively diagnose and treat disease using established medical standards. The exam has been criticized by David Gorski for testing knowledge of homeopathy, whilst serving as a legitimate certifying examination of alleged medical professionals.
One section of this official study guide explains a clinical scenario of an after hours phone call to a naturopathic practitioner from a frantic mother with a child who has a severe cough and is gasping for air; the following example questions do not recommend that the mother take the child to the emergency department per the medical standard of care but rather test on what homeopathic remedy should be administered.
In 2005, the Colorado Department of Regulatory Agencies concluded that "there is little generalizable evidence that the NPLEX Part II clinical licensing examinations actually measure clinical competence" associated with the naturopathic profession. The report notes that NABNE, the exam administrator, claims that other testing formats that would better evaluate clinical skills, such as using standardized patients, are not feasible. In 2014, sample questions from the NPLEX Blue Print and Study Guide published by NABNE were entered into the public record of the Colorado state legislature.


== Part I ==
Part I is a biomedical sciences examination which consists of 200 multiple-choice questions. Eligibility for the exam requires completion of biomedical sciences coursework at a CNME-approved naturopathic medicine program. The exam is stated to cover the following topics: Anatomy, Biochemistry, Microbiology, Pathology, and Physiology.


== Part II ==
Part II is a three-day, examination of naturopathic clinical sciences; it includes 3 main sections and 2 electives, organized in clinical cases with several multiple-choice questions about each case. The exam is stated to cover the following topics:

Botanical medicine
Laboratory diagnosis and diagnostic imaging
Emergency medicine
Homeopathy
Nutrition
Pharmacology
Physical & clinical diagnosis
Physical medicine
Psychology
Research
Clinical Elective Sections (for certificate or licensure in some U.S. states)

Acupuncture
Minor Surgery
Pharmacology (as of August 2017)


== Locations ==
Both the Part I and Part II examinations are offered twice a year in nine locations in North America:

Toronto, Ontario
Vancouver, British Columbia
Seattle, Washington
Portland, Oregon
Mesa, Arizona
Lombard, Illinois
Stratford, Connecticut
San Diego, CA
Gurabo, Puerto Rico


== See also ==
Medical education in the United States
Naturopathy
USMLE
COMLEX-USA
Medical Council of Canada Qualifying Examination


== References ==


== External links ==
North American Board of Naturopathic Examiners official website

--- SEMANTIC NEIGHBORS (5) ---

  Title: Britt Marie Hermes (similarity: 0.1951)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Britt_Marie_Hermes
  QID: Q24572217
  Extract: Britt Marie Hermes is an American former naturopathic doctor who became a critic of naturopathy and alternative medicine. She is the author of a blog, Naturopathic Diaries, where she writes about being trained and having practiced as a licensed naturopath and about the problems with naturopaths as m

  Title: Neue Deutsche Heilkunde (similarity: 0.1739)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neue_Deutsche_Heilkunde
  QID: Q1417085
  Extract: New German Medicine was a movement in Nazi Germany during the 1930s and 1940s that aimed to integrate conventional scientific medicine with various forms of alternative medicine, including naturopathy and homeopathy. Driven by prominent Nazi leaders such as Rudolf Hess and Heinrich Himmler, who were

  Title: Mid-level practitioner (similarity: 0.2667)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mid-level_practitioner
  QID: Q6840857
  Extract: Mid-level practitioners, also called non-physician practitioners, advanced practice providers, or commonly mid-levels, are health care providers who assess, diagnose, and treat patients but do not have formal education or certification as a physician. The scope of a mid-level practitioner varies gre

  Title: Doctor Who (similarity: 0.1818)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doctor_Who
  QID: Q34316
  Extract: Doctor Who is a British science fiction television series broadcast by the BBC since 1963. The series, created by Sydney Newman, C. E. Webber and Donald Wilson, follows the adventures of the Doctor, an extraterrestrial being from a humanoid species known as Time Lords. The Doctor travels through spa

  Title: Doctor of Philosophy (similarity: 0.3256)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doctor_of_Philosophy
  QID: Q752297
  Extract: A Doctor of Philosophy is a terminal degree that usually denotes the highest level of academic achievement in a given discipline and is awarded following a course of graduate study and original research. The name of the degree is most often abbreviated PhD and is pronounced as three separate letters

model_pass1          : claude-sonnet-4-20250514
model_pass2          : claude-haiku-4-5-20251001
inference_confidence : high
confidence_notes     : Strong data foundation with comprehensive O*NET profiles, clear BLS wage data, and specific task descriptions. Wikipedia context supports licensing information. 96% doctoral degree requirement provides clear educational pathway data.
inferred_at          : 2026-06-03T19:28:39.262575+00:00
tokens_input         : 4,589
tokens_output        : 4,282
cost_usd             : $0.047111
wikipedia_used       : True
wikipedia_title      : Naturopathic Physicians Licensing Examinations
wikipedia_note       : The Wikipedia match provides relevant context about the professional licensing requirements (NPLEX exams) that naturopathic physicians must pass to practice, administered by the North American Board of Naturopathic Examiners.

--- PROSE FIELDS ---

ROLE SUMMARY:
Naturopathic physicians diagnose, treat, and prevent diseases using natural healing methods that support the body's inherent healing capacity. They integrate traditional medical knowledge with alternative approaches including herbal medicine, nutrition, physical therapies, and lifestyle counseling. These practitioners emphasize treating root causes of illness while using both natural remedies and conventional treatments when appropriate.

DAY IN THE LIFE:
A naturopathic physician begins by conducting comprehensive patient interviews to document symptoms and complete health histories, often spending significantly more time than conventional doctors to understand the whole person. They perform physical examinations and order diagnostic tests including laboratory work and imaging studies to inform their diagnoses. Treatment involves prescribing natural medicines such as botanical extracts, herbs, and dietary supplements, while also administering therapies like homeopathy, hydrotherapy, or electrotherapy. They spend considerable time educating patients about therapeutic exercise, nutritional medicine regimens, and lifestyle modifications. Documentation and record-keeping are essential, as is collaborating with other healthcare professionals and making referrals when traditional medical intervention is needed.

WHO THRIVES:
Individuals with high investigative and social interests excel in this field, combining scientific curiosity with genuine care for others' wellbeing. The role demands exceptional integrity and intellectual curiosity, as practitioners must navigate complex cases requiring both evidence-based analysis and intuitive understanding of natural healing processes. Strong problem sensitivity and deductive reasoning abilities are crucial for diagnosing conditions and developing effective treatment plans. Those who thrive possess excellent oral communication skills to explain complex health concepts and treatment rationales to patients. The work requires individuals who are naturally cautious and detail-oriented, given the responsibility of patient care and the need to make careful decisions about when to use natural versus conventional treatments.

CAREER ENTRY:
Entry requires completion of a four-year doctoral degree from a naturopathic medical school accredited by the Council on Naturopathic Medical Education, with 96% of practitioners holding doctoral degrees. Prerequisites typically include undergraduate coursework in biology, chemistry, and other sciences. After graduation, candidates must pass the Naturopathic Physicians Licensing Examinations (NPLEX) administered by the North American Board of Naturopathic Examiners. Some practitioners pursue additional post-doctoral training (4% of workforce) to specialize in areas like naturopathic oncology or endocrinology.

CAREER TRAJECTORY:
Naturopathic physicians typically establish private practices or join integrative health centers, with opportunities to specialize in areas such as naturopathic oncology, endocrinology, or pediatrics. Career advancement may involve opening larger practices, teaching at naturopathic medical schools, or conducting research in integrative medicine. Some practitioners transition into consulting roles with supplement companies or wellness organizations. The field offers entrepreneurial opportunities as many naturopaths develop their own product lines or wellness programs, leveraging their expertise in natural health approaches.

MARKET INTELLIGENCE:
The naturopathic physician workforce numbers 28,630 with a median annual wage of $115,210 according to BLS OEWS May 2025 data. Compensation varies significantly by location, with Maryland offering the highest wages at $164,670 compared to Rhode Island's $81,280, representing a 2.03x geographic differential. Employment is concentrated in government positions (19,380 workers) and healthcare facilities (7,660 workers), reflecting both regulatory roles and direct patient care. The field shows steady growth as consumer interest in integrative and preventive healthcare continues expanding. Geographic demand is strongest in states with established naturopathic licensing laws and populations with higher education levels and disposable income.

AUTOMATION OUTLOOK:
Naturopathic medicine faces low automation risk due to the highly personalized nature of patient care and the complex reasoning required to integrate multiple healing modalities. The emphasis on establishing interpersonal relationships, interpreting holistic patient information, and making nuanced decisions about natural treatments cannot be easily automated. Technology may enhance practice management and patient education but will not replace the core diagnostic and therapeutic functions.

--- REASONED EDGES ---
  [riasec_cluster] Chiropractors (29-1011.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both professions share high investigative and social RIASEC scores with similar focus on natural healing approaches.
    data: RIASEC I:5.89, S:5.73
    data: Alternative medicine approach
    data: Primary-Short O*NET relationship
  [knowledge_overlap] Acupuncturists (29-1291.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both require extensive knowledge of therapy and counseling (level 5.6-5.8) and alternative treatment methods.
    data: Therapy and Counseling knowledge level 5.6
    data: Alternative treatment focus
    data: Primary-Long O*NET relationship
  [skill_overlap] General Internal Medicine Physicians (29-1216.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Shared high-level medical knowledge requirements including Medicine and Dentistry (level 5.7) and diagnostic capabilities.
    data: Medicine and Dentistry knowledge level 5.7
    data: Diagnostic work activities
    data: Primary-Short O*NET relationship
  [task_similarity] Family Medicine Physicians (29-1215.00) — confidence:medium
    reasoning: Both conduct comprehensive patient histories, physical examinations, and provide holistic patient care.
    data: Document patient histories task
    data: Conduct physical examinations
    data: Primary care approach
  [career_pathway] Pediatricians, General (29-1221.00) — confidence:medium
    reasoning: Naturopathic physicians can specialize in pediatric care, sharing patient education and preventive care approaches.
    data: Patient education tasks
    data: Preventive care focus
    data: Specialization pathway available

--- NORMALIZER SIGNALS ---
  match_keywords   : ['naturopathic physician', 'naturopathic doctor', 'naturopath', 'natural medicine', 'holistic medicine', 'integrative medicine', 'botanical medicine', 'alternative medicine']
  exclude_keywords : ['nurse practitioner', 'physician assistant', 'medical doctor', 'allopathic', 'conventional medicine']
  title_patterns   : ['Naturopathic Doctor', 'Doctor of Naturopathic Medicine', 'ND', 'Naturopathic Physician', 'Naturopath']
  common_variations: ['naturopathic medicine doctor', 'naturopathic oncologist', 'naturopathic endocrinologist', 'holistic physician', 'integrative physician', 'natural health practitioner', 'botanical medicine practitioner', 'alternative medicine doctor']

total_terms    : 40
top_words      : ['tendency', 'others', 'naturopathic', 'medical', 'patients', 'health', 'equipment', 'medicine', 'principles', 'physical', 'practitioners', 'care', 'includes', 'body', 'procedures', 'control', 'objects', 'activities', 'techniques', 'resources']
source_layers  : onet_tasks | onet_dimensions | dwas | wikipedia | inference

TERM                    COUNT     FREQ  DOMINANT SOURCE      SOURCE BREAKDOWN
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
tendency                   42  0.01291  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
others                     41  0.01260  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:93%  wikipedia:5%  inference:2%
naturopathic               30  0.00922  wikipedia            wikipedia:50%  inference:50%
medical                    27  0.00830  dwas                 dwas:33%  wikipedia:33%  inference:19%
patients                   25  0.00768  dwas                 dwas:44%  onet_tasks:32%  wikipedia:12%
health                     24  0.00738  onet_tasks           onet_tasks:54%  dwas:17%  inference:17%
equipment                  23  0.00707  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
medicine                   17  0.00523  wikipedia            wikipedia:59%  inference:24%  onet_tasks:12%
principles                 17  0.00523  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:94%  onet_tasks:6%
physical                   14  0.00430  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:43%  onet_tasks:14%  dwas:14%
practitioners              14  0.00430  wikipedia            wikipedia:50%  inference:36%  dwas:14%
care                       13  0.00400  onet_tasks           onet_tasks:31%  inference:31%  wikipedia:23%
includes                   13  0.00400  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:92%  wikipedia:8%
body                       12  0.00369  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:83%  onet_tasks:8%  inference:8%
procedures                 12  0.00369  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:67%  onet_tasks:25%  dwas:8%
control                    12  0.00369  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
objects                    12  0.00369  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
activities                 11  0.00338  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:82%  onet_tasks:18%
techniques                 11  0.00338  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:91%  dwas:9%
resources                  11  0.00338  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:82%  dwas:18%
ideas                      11  0.00338  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
nplex                      11  0.00338  wikipedia            wikipedia:82%  inference:18%
patient                    10  0.00307  inference            inference:60%  onet_tasks:20%  dwas:20%
problems                   10  0.00307  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:90%  wikipedia:10%
materials                  10  0.00307  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
clinical                   10  0.00307  wikipedia            wikipedia:90%  dwas:10%
identifying                 9  0.00277  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:89%  onet_tasks:11%
management                  9  0.00277  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:78%  onet_tasks:11%  inference:11%
natural                     9  0.00277  inference            inference:78%  onet_tasks:11%  wikipedia:11%
treat                       9  0.00277  dwas                 dwas:44%  wikipedia:22%  onet_tasks:11%
standards                   9  0.00277  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:89%  wikipedia:11%
quickly                     9  0.00277  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
orientation                 9  0.00277  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
developing                  9  0.00277  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:89%  inference:11%
examinations                8  0.00246  wikipedia            wikipedia:62%  inference:25%  onet_tasks:12%
public                      8  0.00246  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:50%  onet_tasks:38%  wikipedia:12%
understand                  8  0.00246  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:88%  inference:12%
alternative                 8  0.00246  wikipedia            wikipedia:50%  onet_dimensions:25%  dwas:12%
needs                       8  0.00246  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
problem                     8  0.00246  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:88%  inference:12%