◈ EMPLOYMENT · HEALTHCARE · 29-2061.00
Licensed Practical and Licensed Vocational Nurses
O*NET 30.3 · BLS OEWS May 2025 · Boise Standard Employment Graph
◈ EMPLOYMENT · HEALTHCARE 29-2061.00 ◉ HIGH CONFIDENCE Built 2026-06-02
Sources: O*NET 30.3 (CC BY 4.0) · BLS OEWS May 2025 (Public Domain) · SOC 2018 (Public Domain) · Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0 where matched)
Atomic Answer — Primary AI Citation Target
Licensed Practical and Licensed Vocational Nurses
Licensed Practical Nurses (LPNs) and Licensed Vocational Nurses (LVNs) provide direct nursing care to patients in hospitals, nursing homes, clinics, and private residences under physician or registered nurse supervision. They monitor patient conditions, perform basic medical procedures, assist with daily living activities, and maintain detailed medical records. This role requires state licensing and serves as a critical bridge between nursing assistants and registered nurses in healthcare delivery.
648,410
National Employment
$64,400
Median Annual Wage
JZ 3
Job Zone
Health Care and Social As
Primary Industry
Occupation Graph — Declared + Reasoned Edges
onet declared
Registered Nurses
Primary-Short
onet declared
Paramedics
Primary-Short
onet declared
Nurse Practitioners
Primary-Short
onet declared
Acute Care Nurses
Primary-Short
onet declared
Nursing Assistants
Primary-Short
onet declared
Critical Care Nurses
Primary-Long
career pathway
Registered Nurses
Primary career advancement path with overlapping knowledge in psychology (LPN 3.7, RN higher) and shared work activities in patient care and documentation.
skill overlap
Nursing Assistants
Adjacent role with shared transferable skills in Service Orientation (4.1) and Social Perceptiveness, both requiring direct patient care capabilities.
riasec cluster
Paramedics
Both roles show Social (S) dominance in RIASEC profile, requiring patient interaction skills and medical knowledge application in healthcare settings.
task similarity
Medical Assistants
Overlapping tasks in measuring vital signs, collecting specimens, and using medical equipment as evidenced in top task activities.
§ Feeder Roles
Nursing Assistants
Home Health Aides
Medical Assistants
§ Destinations
Registered Nurses
Nurse Practitioners
Acute Care Nurses
§ RIASEC Peers
Registered Nurses
Paramedics
Emergency Medical Technicians
Role Intelligence — Day in the Life · Who Thrives · Automation
Day in the Life

LPNs start by reviewing patient charts and receiving shift reports, then begin rounds to measure vital signs including blood pressure, temperature, and pulse while documenting changes in patient conditions. They collect biological specimens for laboratory testing, administer prescribed medications and treatments, and assist patients with bathing, dressing, and mobility activities. Throughout their shift, they document patient care activities in electronic health records using systems like Epic or MEDITECH, communicate with physicians and RNs about patient status changes, and prepare medical equipment such as catheters or oxygen supplies. The workday involves continuous monitoring of patients for adverse reactions to treatments and coordinating with other healthcare team members to ensure comprehensive patient care.

Who Thrives

Individuals who excel as LPNs demonstrate exceptional dependability and attention to detail, as patient safety depends on accurate monitoring and precise medication administration. They possess strong social perceptiveness and service orientation, enabling them to read patient needs and provide compassionate care while maintaining professional boundaries. Successful LPNs combine analytical thinking with practical hands-on skills, using their problem sensitivity abilities to detect subtle changes in patient conditions and their communication skills to effectively report concerns to supervisors. The role attracts people who find fulfillment in direct patient interaction and can handle the physical and emotional demands of healthcare while maintaining the integrity and cautiousness essential in medical environments.

Automation Outlook

LPN roles face moderate automation risk as their core activities of patient monitoring, documentation, and direct care require human judgment and interpersonal interaction. While electronic health records and automated vital sign monitoring equipment enhance efficiency, the fundamental work activities of assisting and caring for others (importance 4.6) and making decisions about patient needs cannot be fully automated. Technology integration will likely enhance rather than replace LPN capabilities, with tools improving documentation accuracy and patient monitoring while preserving the essential human elements of nursing care.

Market Intelligence — BLS OEWS May 2025
With 648,410 employed nationwide and a median annual wage of $64,400 according to BLS OEWS May 2025, LPNs represent a substantial healthcare workforce. Geographic variation is significant, with Washington state offering the highest wages at $83,150 compared to Puerto Rico's $30,760, reflecting a 2.70x ratio between highest and lowest paying regions. The majority work in health care and social assistance settings (560,880 employed), with additional opportunities in government facilities (36,670) and administrative services (29,790). Wage ranges from $49,740 at the 10th percentile to $83,440 at the 90th percentile demonstrate clear advancement potential. Demand remains strong due to an aging population and continued emphasis on cost-effective healthcare delivery models.
$49,740
10th
$59,000
25th
$64,400
Median
$76,030
75th
$83,440
90th
Highest Paying State
Washington
$83,150 median
Geographic Dispersion
2.703x
highest / lowest median
Health Care and Social Assistance 560,880 emp $64,100
Federal, State, and Local Government, excludi 36,670 emp $68,970
Administrative and Support and Waste Manageme 29,790 emp $77,310
Educational Services 14,030 emp $58,090
Management of Companies and Enterprises 1,920 emp $64,860
Source: BLS Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics May 2025 ↗ · Public Domain · US Government
Skills + Knowledge — O*NET 30.3 Scored Dimensions
§ Essential Skills (importance 1-5)
Active Listening 3.9
Speaking 3.9
Monitoring 3.9
Reading Comprehension 3.8
Critical Thinking 3.8
Active Learning 3.4
Writing 3.2
Learning Strategies 3.1
Mathematics 2.9
Science 2.6
§ Knowledge Domains (importance 1-5)
Customer and Personal Service 4.0
English Language 3.9
Psychology 3.7
Medicine and Dentistry 3.7
Administration and Management 3.3
Education and Training 3.2
Therapy and Counseling 3.1
Mathematics 3.0
Computers and Electronics 3.0
Administrative 3.0
Source: O*NET 30.3 Database ↗ · CC BY 4.0
RIASEC Interest Profile + Personality Fit — O*NET 30.3
R
Realistic
4.58
TOP FIT
I
Investigative
3.67
A
Artistic
1.05
S
Social
5.50
TOP FIT
E
Enterprising
2.13
C
Conventional
4.58
TOP FIT
§ Who Thrives
Individuals who excel as LPNs demonstrate exceptional dependability and attention to detail, as patient safety depends on accurate monitoring and precise medication administration. They possess strong social perceptiveness and service orientation, enabling them to read patient needs and provide compassionate care while maintaining professional boundaries. Successful LPNs combine analytical thinking with practical hands-on skills, using their problem sensitivity abilities to detect subtle changes in patient conditions and their communication skills to effectively report concerns to supervisors. The role attracts people who find fulfillment in direct patient interaction and can handle the physical and emotional demands of healthcare while maintaining the integrity and cautiousness essential in medical environments.
Source: O*NET 30.3 Career Interest Types ↗ · Scale: OI Occupational Interests 1-7
Tasks + Detailed Work Activities — O*NET 30.3
Observe patients, charting and reporting changes in patients' conditions, such as adverse reactions to medication or treatment, and taking any necessary action.
Core 101% of incumbents
Monitor patient conditions during treatmRecord patient medical histories.
Measure and record patients' vital signs, such as height, weight, temperature, blood pressure, pulse, or respiration.
Core 101% of incumbents
Measure the physical or physiological atRecord patient medical histories.
Collect samples, such as blood, urine, or sputum from patients, and perform routine laboratory tests on samples.
Core 101% of incumbents
Test biological specimens to gather infoCollect biological specimens from patien
Wash and dress bodies of deceased persons.
Supplemental 101% of incumbents
Assist patients with hygiene or daily li
Provide basic patient care or treatments, such as taking temperatures or blood pressures, dressing wounds, treating bedsores, giving enemas or douches, rubbing with alcohol, massaging, or performing catheterizations.
Core 100% of incumbents
Administer basic health care or medical Apply bandages, dressings, or splints.
Evaluate nursing intervention outcomes, conferring with other healthcare team members as necessary.
Core 100% of incumbents
Analyze quantitative data to determine eCollaborate with healthcare professional
Record food and fluid intake and output.
Core 100% of incumbents
Record patient medical histories.
Assemble and use equipment, such as catheters, tracheotomy tubes, or oxygen suppliers.
Core 100% of incumbents
Prepare medical supplies or equipment foOperate diagnostic or therapeutic medica
Prepare or examine food trays for conformance to prescribed diet.
Core 100% of incumbents
Manage preparation of special meals or d
Help patients with bathing, dressing, maintaining personal hygiene, moving in bed, or standing and walking.
Core 100% of incumbents
Assist patients with hygiene or daily li
Source: O*NET 30.3 Task Statements + DWA Mappings ↗ · Incumbent-reported · CC BY 4.0
◈ Software Tools — O*NET 30.3 · Hot Technology + In Demand Flagged
Diagnostic and procedural coding software
Categorization or classification softwar
eClinicalWorks EHR software
Medical software
HOT
Electronic medical record EMR software
Medical software
Epic Systems
Medical software
HOT
FaceTime
Video conferencing software
Google Drive
Cloud-based data access and sharing soft
Healthcare common procedure coding system HCPCS
Medical software
Infusion management software
Medical software
Inventory tracking software
Inventory management software
Medical condition coding software
Medical software
Medical procedure coding software
Medical software
MedicWare EMR
Medical software
MEDITECH software
Medical software
HOT
Microsoft Excel
Spreadsheet software
HOT
Microsoft Exchange
Electronic mail software
Microsoft Office software
Office suite software
HOT
Microsoft Outlook
Electronic mail software
HOT
Microsoft Windows
Operating system software
HOT
Source: O*NET 30.3 Software Skills ↗ · CC BY 4.0
Career Pathway — Entry · Trajectory · Education
1
Entry
2
Some Prep
3
Medium
4
Considerable
5
Extensive
Previous work-related skill, knowledge, or experience is required for these occupations. For example, an electrician must have completed three or four years of apprenticeship or several years of vocat
Most LPNs complete a post-secondary certificate program (34.8% of practitioners) or some college coursework (38.2%) focused on practical nursing, typically requiring 12-18 months of study. These programs include classroom instruction in anatomy, physiology, and nursing fundamentals plus supervised clinical experience in healthcare facilities. All practitioners must pass the National Council Licensure Examination for Practical Nurses (NCLEX-PN) and maintain state licensing through continuing education requirements. While 15.9% hold associate degrees, the practical nursing certificate remains the most direct pathway to employment.
LPNs can advance by gaining specialized experience in areas like pediatrics, geriatrics, or home health care, often leading to charge nurse positions in long-term care facilities. Many use their LPN experience as a stepping stone to registered nursing by enrolling in LPN-to-RN bridge programs, leveraging their practical experience and established healthcare knowledge. Advanced practitioners may move into nursing education, case management, or healthcare administration roles. Some specialize in high-demand areas like home health or private duty nursing, which often offer increased autonomy and higher compensation.
Some College Courses 38.2%
Post-Secondary Certificate - awarded for trai 34.8%
Associate's Degree (or other 2-year degree) 15.9%
Bachelor's Degree 11.1%
Source: O*NET 30.3 Education + Job Zones ↗ · CC BY 4.0
Live Job Feed — Active Postings
Live Licensed Practical and Licensed Vocational Nurses job postings populate here as the crawler feeds data. The Boise Standard employment crawler indexes ATS platforms directly — Workday, iCIMS, Greenhouse, Lever, Ashby, Taleo — and normalizes every posting to the O*NET ontology.

Postings appear within hours of going live on the source ATS. No aggregator lag. Direct from source.
Browse Healthcare Feed → Submit Open Position →
◈ SEMANTIC MANIFOLD — MULTI-SOURCE WORD FREQUENCY FINGERPRINT
Top 40 terms across five provenance layers: O*NET Tasks · O*NET Dimensions · DWAs · Wikipedia · Inference · Stop words removed · Deterministic · Constitutional Law III
nursing nurses care nurse tendency practical patients others lpns equipment health registered patient practice medical activities states healthcare principles procedures
§ Full Frequency Ranking — 40 terms
TERM COUNT FREQ BAR SOURCE ATTRIBUTION
nursing 69 0.0145
wikipedia 80% inference 17%
nurses 63 0.0132
wikipedia 92% inference 6%
care 59 0.0124
wikipedia 71% inference 17%
nurse 44 0.0092
wikipedia 95% inference 5%
tendency 42 0.0088
onet dimensi 100%
practical 41 0.0086
wikipedia 83% inference 15%
patients 39 0.0082
wikipedia 41% onet tasks 26%
others 39 0.0082
onet dimensi 97% inference 3%
lpns 39 0.0082
wikipedia 79% inference 21%
equipment 36 0.0075
onet dimensi 64% dwas 19%
health 32 0.0067
wikipedia 78% inference 16%
registered 31 0.0065
wikipedia 90% inference 10%
patient 30 0.0063
inference 43% dwas 27%
practice 29 0.0061
wikipedia 97% inference 3%
medical 25 0.0052
dwas 64% inference 16%
activities 18 0.0038
onet dimensi 50% inference 28%
states 18 0.0038
wikipedia 100%
healthcare 17 0.0036
inference 47% wikipedia 29%
principles 17 0.0036
onet dimensi 94% wikipedia 6%
procedures 16 0.0034
onet dimensi 50% dwas 25%
standards 16 0.0034
onet dimensi 50% wikipedia 50%
body 15 0.0031
onet dimensi 67% wikipedia 33%
ontario 15 0.0031
wikipedia 100%
monitoring 14 0.0029
onet dimensi 57% inference 36%
includes 14 0.0029
onet dimensi 86% wikipedia 14%
licensed 14 0.0029
wikipedia 86% inference 14%
programs 13 0.0027
wikipedia 54% onet dimensi 31%
direct 13 0.0027
wikipedia 46% inference 38%
lpn 13 0.0027
wikipedia 69% inference 31%
united 13 0.0027
wikipedia 100%
BOISE STANDARD — FINE-TUNING RECORD · Licensed Practical and Licensed Vocational Nurses
29-2061.00 · 8 QA pairs · jsonl · O*NET 30.3 + BLS OEWS
How many Licensed Practical and Licensed Vocational Nurses are employed nationally?
According to BLS OEWS May 2025, there are 648,410 LPNs/LVNs employed nationwide, representing a substantial healthcare workforce.
factual BLS OEWS May 2025
What is the median annual wage for LPNs and LVNs?
According to BLS OEWS May 2025, the median annual wage for LPNs/LVNs is $64,400, with a 10th percentile of $49,740 and 90th percentile of $83,440.
factual BLS OEWS May 2025
Which state offers the highest median wage for LPNs?
According to BLS OEWS May 2025, Washington state offers the highest median wage for LPNs at $83,150, reflecting significant geographic variation in compensation.
market_intel BLS OEWS May 2025
What educational pathways lead to becoming an LPN?
According to BLS data, 38.2% of LPNs have some college courses, while 34.8% hold post-secondary certificates awarded for practical nursing training completed after high school.
market_intel BLS OEWS May 2025 education distribution
What critical work styles should aspiring LPNs develop?
Aspiring LPNs should prioritize dependability (10.0 importance), attention to detail (9.0), and integrity (8.0), as patient safety depends on accurate monitoring and adherence to care protocols.
career_advice Work styles importance data
What EHR systems should I become proficient with as an LPN?
Master Epic Systems and eClinicalWorks EHR software, the primary systems used in healthcare settings; also develop competency with electronic medical record systems and HCPCS coding software.
career_advice Software tools assessment
How do LPN wages compare to related healthcare occupations?
LPNs earn a median of $64,400, positioning them as entry-level clinical professionals below Registered Nurses but above Nursing Assistants and Home Health Aides in the healthcare career ladder.
comparative BLS OEWS May 2025Related occupations hierarchy
What career advancement paths are available after LPN licensure?
LPNs can advance to Registered Nurses, Nurse Practitioners, or specialized roles like Acute Care Nurses and Critical Care Nurses, leveraging clinical experience gained in direct patient care.
comparative Related occupations and career destination roles
◈ Boise Standard Employment Graph · 29-2061.00 · minted 2026-06-02T16:18:30Z · Sources: O*NET 30.3 (CC BY 4.0) · BLS OEWS May 2025 (Public Domain) · BS: https://boisestandard.org/employment/29-2061-licensed_practical_and_licensed_vocational_nurses
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Provenance Window — Full Source Record · 29-2061.00 · Licensed Practical and Licensed Vocational Nurses 7 source blocks · click to expand
O*NET Identity onetonline.org ↗ · O*NET 30.3 · CC BY 4.0 · retrieved 2026-06-02
[('onet_soc_code', '29-2061.00'), ('soc_code', '29-2061'), ('title', 'Licensed Practical and Licensed Vocational Nurses'), ('vertical', 'healthcare'), ('job_zone', '3'), ('job_zone_name', 'Job Zone Three: Medium Preparation Needed'), ('job_zone_exp', 'Previous work-related skill, knowledge, or experience is required for these occupations. For example, an electrician mus'), ('description', 'Care for ill, injured, or convalescing patients or persons with disabilities in hospitals, nursing homes, clinics, private homes, group homes, and similar institutions. May work under the supervision of a registered nurse. Licensing required.'), ('bundle_version', '1'), ('built_at', '2026-06-02T16:18:30Z')]
O*NET Task Statements (22 tasks, 0 emerging) O*NET 30.3 Task Statements · Incumbent-reported · CC BY 4.0
[Core] [101% incumbents] Observe patients, charting and reporting changes in patients' conditions, such as adverse reactions to medication or treatment, and taking any necessary action.
  DWAs: Monitor patient conditions during treatments, procedures, or activities. | Record patient medical histories.

[Core] [101% incumbents] Measure and record patients' vital signs, such as height, weight, temperature, blood pressure, pulse, or respiration.
  DWAs: Measure the physical or physiological attributes of patients. | Record patient medical histories.

[Core] [101% incumbents] Collect samples, such as blood, urine, or sputum from patients, and perform routine laboratory tests on samples.
  DWAs: Test biological specimens to gather information about patient conditions. | Collect biological specimens from patients.

[Supplemental] [101% incumbents] Wash and dress bodies of deceased persons.
  DWAs: Assist patients with hygiene or daily living activities.

[Core] [100% incumbents] Provide basic patient care or treatments, such as taking temperatures or blood pressures, dressing wounds, treating bedsores, giving enemas or douches, rubbing with alcohol, massaging, or performing catheterizations.
  DWAs: Administer basic health care or medical treatments. | Apply bandages, dressings, or splints.

[Core] [100% incumbents] Evaluate nursing intervention outcomes, conferring with other healthcare team members as necessary.
  DWAs: Analyze quantitative data to determine effectiveness of treatments or therapies. | Collaborate with healthcare professionals to plan or provide treatment.

[Core] [100% incumbents] Record food and fluid intake and output.
  DWAs: Record patient medical histories.

[Core] [100% incumbents] Assemble and use equipment, such as catheters, tracheotomy tubes, or oxygen suppliers.
  DWAs: Prepare medical supplies or equipment for use. | Operate diagnostic or therapeutic medical instruments or equipment.

[Core] [100% incumbents] Prepare or examine food trays for conformance to prescribed diet.
  DWAs: Manage preparation of special meals or diets.

[Core] [100% incumbents] Help patients with bathing, dressing, maintaining personal hygiene, moving in bed, or standing and walking.
  DWAs: Assist patients with hygiene or daily living activities.

[Core] [100% incumbents] Apply compresses, ice bags, or hot water bottles.
  DWAs: Treat patients using physical therapy techniques.

[Core] [99% incumbents] Administer prescribed medications or start intravenous fluids, noting times and amounts on patients' charts.
  DWAs: Record patient medical histories. | Administer intravenous medications.

[Core] [99% incumbents] Answer patients' calls and determine how to assist them.
  DWAs: Provide basic information to guests, visitors, or clients. | Answer telephones to direct calls or provide information.

[Core] [99% incumbents] Supervise nurses' aides or assistants.
  DWAs: Supervise patient care personnel.

[Core] [99% incumbents] Work as part of a healthcare team to assess patient needs, plan and modify care, and implement interventions.
  DWAs: Collaborate with healthcare professionals to plan or provide treatment.

[Supplemental] [99% incumbents] Sterilize equipment and supplies, using germicides, sterilizer, or autoclave.
  DWAs: Sterilize medical equipment or instruments.

[Supplemental] [99% incumbents] Make appointments, keep records, or perform other clerical duties in doctors' offices or clinics.
  DWAs: Schedule patient procedures or appointments. | Maintain medical facility records. | Perform clerical work in medical settings.

[Supplemental] [99% incumbents] Clean rooms and make beds.
  DWAs: Clean medical equipment or facilities.

[Core] [98% incumbents] Prepare patients for examinations, tests, or treatments and explain procedures.
  DWAs: Explain medical procedures or test results to patients or family members. | Prepare patients physically for medical procedures.

[Supplemental] [98% incumbents] Provide medical treatment or personal care to patients in private home settings, such as cooking, keeping rooms orderly, seeing that patients are comfortable and in good spirits, or instructing family members in simple nursing tasks.
  DWAs: Assist patients with hygiene or daily living activities. | Train patients, family members, or caregivers in techniques for managing disabilities or illnesses.

[Supplemental] [98% incumbents] Set up equipment and prepare medical treatment rooms.
  DWAs: Prepare medical supplies or equipment for use.

[Supplemental] [98% incumbents] Inventory and requisition supplies and instruments.
  DWAs: Maintain inventory of medical supplies or equipment. | Order medical supplies or equipment.
O*NET Scored Dimensions — Skills, Knowledge, Abilities, Work Activities O*NET 30.3 · CC BY 4.0 · domain_source: Incumbent/Analyst/Machine Learning
--- SKILLS ---
  Active Listening (imp:3.88 lvl:4.00) — Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand
  Speaking (imp:3.88 lvl:4.00) — Talking to others to convey information effectively.
  Monitoring (imp:3.88 lvl:4.00) — Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or organization
  Reading Comprehension (imp:3.75 lvl:4.12) — Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work-related documents.
  Critical Thinking (imp:3.75 lvl:4.00) — Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternativ
  Active Learning (imp:3.38 lvl:3.25) — Understanding the implications of new information for both current and future pr
  Writing (imp:3.25 lvl:3.12) — Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the audienc
  Learning Strategies (imp:3.12 lvl:3.12) — Selecting and using training/instructional methods and procedures appropriate fo
  Mathematics (imp:2.88 lvl:2.88) — Using mathematics to solve problems.
  Science (imp:2.62 lvl:2.62) — Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems.

--- KNOWLEDGE ---
  Customer and Personal Service (imp:3.99 lvl:4.65) — Knowledge of principles and processes for providing customer and personal servic
  English Language (imp:3.90 lvl:3.72) — Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the mea
  Psychology (imp:3.71 lvl:5.52) — Knowledge of human behavior and performance; individual differences in ability, 
  Medicine and Dentistry (imp:3.69 lvl:3.66) — Knowledge of the information and techniques needed to diagnose and treat human i
  Administration and Management (imp:3.30 lvl:3.34) — Knowledge of business and management principles involved in strategic planning, 
  Education and Training (imp:3.19 lvl:3.34) — Knowledge of principles and methods for curriculum and training design, teaching
  Therapy and Counseling (imp:3.11 lvl:2.99) — Knowledge of principles, methods, and procedures for diagnosis, treatment, and r
  Mathematics (imp:3.03 lvl:3.11) — Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their appl
  Computers and Electronics (imp:2.97 lvl:3.19) — Knowledge of circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and comput
  Administrative (imp:2.96 lvl:3.26) — Knowledge of administrative and office procedures and systems such as word proce
  Public Safety and Security (imp:2.80 lvl:2.54) — Knowledge of relevant equipment, policies, procedures, and strategies to promote
  Telecommunications (imp:2.60 lvl:1.67) — Knowledge of transmission, broadcasting, switching, control, and operation of te
  Biology (imp:2.53 lvl:2.35) — Knowledge of plant and animal organisms, their tissues, cells, functions, interd
  Sociology and Anthropology (imp:2.36 lvl:2.12) — Knowledge of group behavior and dynamics, societal trends and influences, human 
  Communications and Media (imp:2.33 lvl:1.95) — Knowledge of media production, communication, and dissemination techniques and m
  Personnel and Human Resources (imp:2.27 lvl:1.64) — Knowledge of principles and procedures for personnel recruitment, selection, tra
  Law and Government (imp:2.23 lvl:1.82) — Knowledge of laws, legal codes, court procedures, precedents, government regulat
  Chemistry (imp:2.20 lvl:1.88) — Knowledge of the chemical composition, structure, and properties of substances a
  Philosophy and Theology (imp:2.15 lvl:2.00) — Knowledge of different philosophical systems and religions. This includes their 
  Foreign Language (imp:2.10 lvl:1.28) — Knowledge of the structure and content of a foreign (non-English) language inclu
  Economics and Accounting (imp:2.01 lvl:1.08) — Knowledge of economic and accounting principles and practices, the financial mar
  Transportation (imp:1.61 lvl:1.08) — Knowledge of principles and methods for moving people or goods by air, rail, sea
  Sales and Marketing (imp:1.60 lvl:0.90) — Knowledge of principles and methods for showing, promoting, and selling products
  Physics (imp:1.49 lvl:0.84) — Knowledge and prediction of physical principles, laws, their interrelationships,
  Production and Processing (imp:1.37 lvl:0.72) — Knowledge of raw materials, production processes, quality control, costs, and ot
  Engineering and Technology (imp:1.37 lvl:0.46) — Knowledge of the practical application of engineering science and technology. Th
  Mechanical (imp:1.36 lvl:0.62) — Knowledge of machines and tools, including their designs, uses, repair, and main
  Food Production (imp:1.29) — Knowledge of techniques and equipment for planting, growing, and harvesting food
  Geography (imp:1.22) — Knowledge of principles and methods for describing the features of land, sea, an
  Design (imp:1.11) — Knowledge of design techniques, tools, and principles involved in production of 
  Fine Arts (imp:1.08) — Knowledge of the theory and techniques required to compose, produce, and perform
  History and Archeology (imp:1.04) — Knowledge of historical events and their causes, indicators, and effects on civi
  Building and Construction (imp:1.00) — Knowledge of materials, methods, and the tools involved in the construction or r

--- ABILITIES ---
  Oral Comprehension (imp:4.00 lvl:4.12) — The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through 
  Written Comprehension (imp:4.00 lvl:4.12) — The ability to read and understand information and ideas presented in writing.
  Oral Expression (imp:4.00 lvl:4.12) — The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will unde
  Problem Sensitivity (imp:4.00 lvl:4.12) — The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does no
  Speech Clarity (imp:3.88 lvl:3.50) — The ability to speak clearly so others can understand you.
  Deductive Reasoning (imp:3.75 lvl:4.00) — The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that 
  Inductive Reasoning (imp:3.75 lvl:3.75) — The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusion
  Near Vision (imp:3.75 lvl:3.88) — The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the observer).
  Speech Recognition (imp:3.75 lvl:3.62) — The ability to identify and understand the speech of another person.
  Written Expression (imp:3.38 lvl:3.62) — The ability to communicate information and ideas in writing so others will under
  Information Ordering (imp:3.25 lvl:3.62) — The ability to arrange things or actions in a certain order or pattern according
  Category Flexibility (imp:3.12 lvl:3.12) — The ability to generate or use different sets of rules for combining or grouping
  Static Strength (imp:3.12 lvl:3.00) — The ability to exert maximum muscle force to lift, push, pull, or carry objects.
  Trunk Strength (imp:3.12 lvl:3.12) — The ability to use your abdominal and lower back muscles to support part of the 
  Memorization (imp:3.00 lvl:2.75) — The ability to remember information such as words, numbers, pictures, and proced
  Flexibility of Closure (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to identify or detect a known pattern (a figure, object, word, or so
  Selective Attention (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to concentrate on a task over a period of time without being distrac
  Time Sharing (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to shift back and forth between two or more activities or sources of
  Arm-Hand Steadiness (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to keep your hand and arm steady while moving your arm or while hold
  Manual Dexterity (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to quickly move your hand, your hand together with your arm, or your
  Finger Dexterity (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the fingers of one or bot
  Fluency of Ideas (imp:2.88 lvl:3.00) — The ability to come up with a number of ideas about a topic (the number of ideas
  Number Facility (imp:2.88 lvl:2.88) — The ability to add, subtract, multiply, or divide quickly and correctly.
  Speed of Closure (imp:2.88 lvl:2.88) — The ability to quickly make sense of, combine, and organize information into mea
  Perceptual Speed (imp:2.88 lvl:3.00) — The ability to quickly and accurately compare similarities and differences among
  Control Precision (imp:2.88 lvl:3.00) — The ability to quickly and repeatedly adjust the controls of a machine or a vehi
  Multilimb Coordination (imp:2.88 lvl:3.00) — The ability to coordinate two or more limbs (for example, two arms, two legs, or
  Stamina (imp:2.88 lvl:2.75) — The ability to exert yourself physically over long periods of time without getti
  Extent Flexibility (imp:2.88 lvl:3.00) — The ability to bend, stretch, twist, or reach with your body, arms, and/or legs.
  Far Vision (imp:2.88 lvl:3.00) — The ability to see details at a distance.
  Mathematical Reasoning (imp:2.75 lvl:2.38) — The ability to choose the right mathematical methods or formulas to solve a prob
  Visual Color Discrimination (imp:2.75 lvl:2.88) — The ability to match or detect differences between colors, including shades of c
  Auditory Attention (imp:2.75 lvl:2.75) — The ability to focus on a single source of sound in the presence of other distra
  Originality (imp:2.62 lvl:2.88) — The ability to come up with unusual or clever ideas about a given topic or situa
  Visualization (imp:2.62 lvl:2.88) — The ability to imagine how something will look after it is moved around or when 
  Gross Body Coordination (imp:2.62 lvl:2.62) — The ability to coordinate the movement of your arms, legs, and torso together wh
  Hearing Sensitivity (imp:2.50 lvl:2.50) — The ability to detect or tell the differences between sounds that vary in pitch 
  Response Orientation (imp:2.38 lvl:2.12) — The ability to choose quickly between two or more movements in response to two o
  Gross Body Equilibrium (imp:2.38 lvl:2.00) — The ability to keep or regain your body balance or stay upright when in an unsta
  Reaction Time (imp:2.25 lvl:2.00) — The ability to quickly respond (with the hand, finger, or foot) to a signal (sou
  Wrist-Finger Speed (imp:2.12 lvl:1.88) — The ability to make fast, simple, repeated movements of the fingers, hands, and 
  Dynamic Strength (imp:2.12 lvl:2.00) — The ability to exert muscle force repeatedly or continuously over time. This inv
  Depth Perception (imp:2.12 lvl:2.00) — The ability to judge which of several objects is closer or farther away from you
  Explosive Strength (imp:2.00 lvl:2.00) — The ability to use short bursts of muscle force to propel oneself (as in jumping
  Rate Control (imp:1.88 lvl:1.12) — The ability to time your movements or the movement of a piece of equipment in an
  Speed of Limb Movement (imp:1.88 lvl:1.62) — The ability to quickly move the arms and legs.
  Spatial Orientation (imp:1.12 lvl:0.12) — The ability to know your location in relation to the environment or to know wher
  Peripheral Vision (imp:1.12 lvl:0.12) — The ability to see objects or movement of objects to one's side when the eyes ar
  Dynamic Flexibility (imp:1.00) — The ability to quickly and repeatedly bend, stretch, twist, or reach out with yo
  Night Vision (imp:1.00) — The ability to see under low-light conditions.
  Glare Sensitivity (imp:1.00) — The ability to see objects in the presence of a glare or bright lighting.
  Sound Localization (imp:1.00) — The ability to tell the direction from which a sound originated.

--- WORK ACTIVITIES ---
  Assisting and Caring for Others (imp:4.57 lvl:5.63) — Providing personal assistance, medical attention, emotional support, or other pe
  Documenting/Recording Information (imp:4.47 lvl:5.00) — Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining information in writte
  Getting Information (imp:4.43 lvl:4.44) — Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from all relevant sour
  Making Decisions and Solving Problems (imp:4.20 lvl:4.96) — Analyzing information and evaluating results to choose the best solution and sol
  Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work (imp:4.20 lvl:4.75) — Developing specific goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and accomplish your
  Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge (imp:4.15 lvl:5.36) — Keeping up-to-date technically and applying new knowledge to your job.
  Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events (imp:4.14 lvl:4.97) — Identifying information by categorizing, estimating, recognizing differences or 
  Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates (imp:4.12 lvl:4.46) — Providing information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone,
  Monitoring Processes, Materials, or Surroundings (imp:4.01 lvl:5.51) — Monitoring and reviewing information from materials, events, or the environment,
  Resolving Conflicts and Negotiating with Others (imp:3.79 lvl:4.04) — Handling complaints, settling disputes, and resolving grievances and conflicts, 
  Working with Computers (imp:3.77 lvl:3.74) — Using computers and computer systems (including hardware and software) to progra
  Processing Information (imp:3.75 lvl:4.35) — Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, or verifying
  Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Materials (imp:3.69 lvl:3.65) — Inspecting equipment, structures, or materials to identify the cause of errors o
  Evaluating Information to Determine Compliance with Standards (imp:3.68 lvl:4.03) — Using relevant information and individual judgment to determine whether events o
  Analyzing Data or Information (imp:3.64 lvl:4.13) — Identifying the underlying principles, reasons, or facts of information by break
  Developing and Building Teams (imp:3.64 lvl:3.12) — Encouraging and building mutual trust, respect, and cooperation among team membe
  Guiding, Directing, and Motivating Subordinates (imp:3.63 lvl:3.45) — Providing guidance and direction to subordinates, including setting performance 
  Training and Teaching Others (imp:3.60 lvl:3.69) — Identifying the educational needs of others, developing formal educational or tr
  Coordinating the Work and Activities of Others (imp:3.59 lvl:3.97) — Getting members of a group to work together to accomplish tasks.
  Performing General Physical Activities (imp:3.54 lvl:3.79) — Performing general physical activities includes doing activities that require co
  Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships (imp:3.53 lvl:4.62) — Developing constructive and cooperative working relationships with others, and m
  Judging the Qualities of Objects, Services, or People (imp:3.47 lvl:3.41) — Assessing the value, importance, or quality of things or people.
  Scheduling Work and Activities (imp:3.44 lvl:3.33) — Scheduling events, programs, and activities, as well as the work of others.
  Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others (imp:3.44 lvl:2.88) — Translating or explaining what information means and how it can be used.
  Developing Objectives and Strategies (imp:3.32 lvl:3.29) — Establishing long-range objectives and specifying the strategies and actions to 
  Coaching and Developing Others (imp:3.32 lvl:3.47) — Identifying the developmental needs of others and coaching, mentoring, or otherw
  Communicating with People Outside the Organization (imp:3.22 lvl:3.11) — Communicating with people outside the organization, representing the organizatio
  Performing for or Working Directly with the Public (imp:3.07 lvl:3.35) — Performing for people or dealing directly with the public. This includes serving
  Estimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or Information (imp:2.93 lvl:3.12) — Estimating sizes, distances, and quantities; or determining time, costs, resourc
  Thinking Creatively (imp:2.93 lvl:3.31) — Developing, designing, or creating new applications, ideas, relationships, syste
  Performing Administrative Activities (imp:2.87 lvl:2.52) — Performing day-to-day administrative tasks such as maintaining information files
  Handling and Moving Objects (imp:2.85 lvl:3.15) — Using hands and arms in handling, installing, positioning, and moving materials,
  Providing Consultation and Advice to Others (imp:2.79 lvl:2.43) — Providing guidance and expert advice to management or other groups on technical,
  Controlling Machines and Processes (imp:2.57 lvl:2.80) — Using either control mechanisms or direct physical activity to operate machines 
  Monitoring and Controlling Resources (imp:2.48 lvl:2.06) — Monitoring and controlling resources and overseeing the spending of money.
  Staffing Organizational Units (imp:2.37 lvl:1.84) — Recruiting, interviewing, selecting, hiring, and promoting employees in an organ
  Repairing and Maintaining Electronic Equipment (imp:2.19 lvl:1.96) — Servicing, repairing, calibrating, regulating, fine-tuning, or testing machines,
  Repairing and Maintaining Mechanical Equipment (imp:2.09 lvl:1.92) — Servicing, repairing, adjusting, and testing machines, devices, moving parts, an
  Drafting, Laying Out, and Specifying Technical Devices, Parts, and Equipment (imp:2.01 lvl:1.59) — Providing documentation, detailed instructions, drawings, or specifications to t
  Operating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or Equipment (imp:1.92 lvl:1.15) — Running, maneuvering, navigating, or driving vehicles or mechanized equipment, s
  Selling or Influencing Others (imp:1.88 lvl:1.43) — Convincing others to buy merchandise/goods or to otherwise change their minds or

--- WORK STYLES ---
  Dependability (imp:10.00) — A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related o
  Attention to Detail (imp:9.00) — A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
  Integrity (imp:8.00) — A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
  Cautiousness (imp:7.00) — A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related
  Cooperation (imp:6.00) — A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
  Social Orientation (imp:5.00) — A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
  Self-Control (imp:4.00) — A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in res
  Stress Tolerance (imp:3.00) — A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
  Dependability (imp:2.93) — A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related o
  Attention to Detail (imp:2.77) — A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
  Cooperation (imp:2.60) — A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
  Empathy (imp:2.43) — A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feel
  Cautiousness (imp:2.21) — A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related
  Integrity (imp:2.21) — A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
  Social Orientation (imp:2.20) — A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
  Sincerity (imp:2.14) — A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, withou
  Self-Control (imp:2.14) — A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in res
  Stress Tolerance (imp:2.10) — A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
  Empathy (imp:2.00) — A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feel
  Perseverance (imp:1.97) — A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in 
  Optimism (imp:1.86) — A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even un
  Adaptability (imp:1.75) — A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas 
  Self-Confidence (imp:1.35) — A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control 
  Achievement Orientation (imp:1.30) — A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, 
  Initiative (imp:1.26) — A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may
  Humility (imp:1.25) — A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
  Leadership Orientation (imp:1.11) — A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
  Tolerance for Ambiguity (imp:1.08) — A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
  Sincerity (imp:1.00) — A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, withou
  Intellectual Curiosity (imp:0.89) — A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep 
  Innovation (imp:0.51) — A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on 
  Innovation () — A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on 
  Achievement Orientation () — A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, 
  Intellectual Curiosity () — A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep 
  Tolerance for Ambiguity () — A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
  Initiative () — A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may
  Adaptability () — A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas 
  Self-Confidence () — A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control 
  Perseverance () — A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in 
  Leadership Orientation () — A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
  Humility () — A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
  Optimism () — A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even un

--- TRANSFERABLE SKILLS ---
  Service Orientation (imp:4.12 lvl:4.00) — Actively looking for ways to help people.
  Social Perceptiveness (imp:4.00 lvl:4.25) — Being aware of others' reactions and understanding why they react as they do.
  Coordination (imp:4.00 lvl:4.00) — Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions.
  Judgment and Decision Making (imp:3.62 lvl:3.25) — Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential actions to choose the m
  Time Management (imp:3.62 lvl:3.25) — Managing one's own time and the time of others.
  Complex Problem Solving (imp:3.25 lvl:3.00) — Identifying complex problems and reviewing related information to develop and ev
  Instructing (imp:3.12 lvl:3.12) — Teaching others how to do something.
  Systems Analysis (imp:3.00 lvl:2.88) — Determining how a system should work and how changes in conditions, operations, 
  Persuasion (imp:2.88 lvl:2.88) — Persuading others to change their minds or behavior.
  Negotiation (imp:2.88 lvl:3.00) — Bringing others together and trying to reconcile differences.
  Systems Evaluation (imp:2.88 lvl:2.88) — Identifying measures or indicators of system performance and the actions needed 
  Management of Personnel Resources (imp:2.88 lvl:2.88) — Motivating, developing, and directing people as they work, identifying the best 
  Operations Monitoring (imp:2.62 lvl:2.50) — Watching gauges, dials, or other indicators to make sure a machine is working pr
  Operation and Control (imp:2.62 lvl:2.00) — Controlling operations of equipment or systems.
  Quality Control Analysis (imp:2.00 lvl:1.75) — Conducting tests and inspections of products, services, or processes to evaluate
  Management of Material Resources (imp:1.88 lvl:1.12) — Obtaining and seeing to the appropriate use of equipment, facilities, and materi
  Operations Analysis (imp:1.75 lvl:1.50) — Analyzing needs and product requirements to create a design.
  Technology Design (imp:1.75 lvl:1.00) — Generating or adapting equipment and technology to serve user needs.
  Troubleshooting (imp:1.75 lvl:1.00) — Determining causes of operating errors and deciding what to do about it.
  Management of Financial Resources (imp:1.62 lvl:0.62) — Determining how money will be spent to get the work done, and accounting for the
  Programming (imp:1.25 lvl:0.25) — Writing computer programs for various purposes.
  Equipment Selection (imp:1.12 lvl:0.12) — Determining the kind of tools and equipment needed to do a job.
  Installation (imp:1.00) — Installing equipment, machines, wiring, or programs to meet specifications.
  Equipment Maintenance (imp:1.00) — Performing routine maintenance on equipment and determining when and what kind o
  Repairing (imp:1.00) — Repairing machines or systems using the needed tools.
BLS OEWS May 2025 — 648,410 employed nationally bls.gov/oes ↗ · Public Domain · US Government · retrieved 2026-06-02
--- NATIONAL WAGES ---
  total_employment : 648,410
  annual_median    : $64,400
  annual_pct10     : $49,740
  annual_pct25     : $59,000
  annual_pct75     : $76,030
  annual_pct90     : $83,440
  annual_mean      : $67,050
  hourly_median    : $30.96

--- GEOGRAPHIC DISPERSION ---
  highest_state    : Washington ($83,150)
  lowest_state     : Puerto Rico ($30,760)
  dispersion_ratio : 2.703x

--- TOP STATES BY WAGE (54 total) ---
  Health Care and Social Assistance        emp:  560,880  median: $  64,100
  Federal, State, and Local Government, excluding State and Local Government Schools and Hospitals and the U.S. Postal Service (OEWS Designation) emp:   36,670  median: $  68,970
  Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services emp:   29,790  median: $  77,310
  Educational Services                     emp:   14,030  median: $  58,090
  Management of Companies and Enterprises  emp:    1,920  median: $  64,860
  Finance and Insurance                    emp:    1,320  median: $  72,720
  Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services emp:    1,220  median: $  67,980
  Other Services (except Public Administration) emp:    1,010  median: $  60,450
  Retail Trade                             emp:      770  median: $  54,870
  Manufacturing                            emp:      280  median: $  62,440

--- TOP INDUSTRIES BY EMPLOYMENT (12 total) ---
  Health Care and Social Assistance        emp:  560,880  median: $  64,100
  Federal, State, and Local Government, excluding State and Local Government Schools and Hospitals and the U.S. Postal Service (OEWS Designation) emp:   36,670  median: $  68,970
  Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services emp:   29,790  median: $  77,310
  Educational Services                     emp:   14,030  median: $  58,090
  Management of Companies and Enterprises  emp:    1,920  median: $  64,860
  Finance and Insurance                    emp:    1,320  median: $  72,720
  Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services emp:    1,220  median: $  67,980
  Other Services (except Public Administration) emp:    1,010  median: $  60,450
  Retail Trade                             emp:      770  median: $  54,870
  Manufacturing                            emp:      280  median: $  62,440
Wikipedia — Licensed practical nurse (3,607 words) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Licensed_practical_nurse ↗ · CC BY-SA 4.0
exact_match_status : found
matched_title      : Licensed practical nurse
match_score        : 0.6575
wikidata_qid       : Q11848548
word_count         : 3,607
wikipedia_url      : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Licensed_practical_nurse
license            : CC BY-SA 4.0
fetched_at         : 2026-06-02T21:47:48.269520Z

--- WIKIPEDIA FULL TEXT ---
A licensed practical nurse (LPN), in much of the United States and Canada, is a nurse who provides direct nursing care for people who are sick, injured, convalescent, or disabled. In the United States, LPNs work under the direction of physicians, mid-level practitioners, and may work under the direction of registered nurses depending on their jurisdiction.
In Canada, LPNs' scope of practice is autonomously similar to the registered nurse in providing direct nursing care.  They are also responsible for their individual actions and practice.
Another title provided in the Canadian province of Ontario is "registered practical nurse" (RPN). In California and Texas, such a nurse is referred to as a licensed vocational nurse (LVN).
In the United States, LPN training programs are one to two years in duration. All U.S. state and territorial boards also require passage of the NCLEX-PN exam. In Canada (except for Québec), the education program is two years of full-time post-secondary and students must pass the Canadian Practical Nurse Registration Exam (CPNRE), administered by the for-profit Yardstick Assessment Strategies. In 2022, Ontario and British Columbia plan to discontinue CPNRE in favour of the REx-PN, administered by the National Council of State Boards of Nursing (NCSBN).


== United States ==
According to the 2010–2011 Occupational Outlook Handbook published by the Department of Labor's Bureau of Labor Statistics, licensed practical nurses care for patients in many ways:

Often, they provide basic bedside care. Many LPNs measure and record patients' vital signs such as weight, height, temperature, blood pressure, pulse, and respiratory rate. A licensed practical nurse (LPN) in much of the United States and most Canadian provinces is a nurse who cares for people who are sick, injured, convalescent, or disabled. LPNs work under the direction of registered nurses or physicians. They also prepare and give injections and enemas, monitor and also perform placement of catheters, dress wounds, and give alcohol rubs and massages. To help keep patients comfortable, they assist with bathing, dressing, and personal hygiene, moving in bed, standing, and walking. They might also feed patients who need help eating. Experienced LPNs may supervise nursing assistants and aides, and other LPNs.
As part of their work, LPNs collect samples for testing, perform routine laboratory tests, and record food and fluid intake and output. They clean and monitor medical equipment. Sometimes, they help physicians and registered nurses perform tests and procedures. Some LPNs help to deliver, care for, and feed infants.

LPNs also monitor their patients and report adverse reactions to medications or treatments. LPNs gather information from patients, including their health history and how they are currently feeling. They may use this information to complete insurance forms, pre-authorizations, and referrals, and they share information with registered nurses and doctors to help determine the best course of care for a patient. LPNs often teach family members how to care for a relative or teach patients about good health habits.
According to the Occupational Outlook Handbook, while most LPNs are generalists and will work in any area of health care, some LPNs work in specialized settings, such as nursing homes, doctor's offices, or in home care. In some American states, LPNs are permitted to administer prescribed medicines, start intravenous fluids, and provide care to ventilator-dependent patients. While about 18 percent of LPNs/LVNs in the United States worked part-time in 2008, most work a 40-hour week. The Occupational Outlook Handbook states that LPNs may have to work nights, weekends, and holidays; often stand for long periods and help patients move in bed, stand, or walk; and may face occupational hazards which include exposure to caustic chemicals, radiation, and infectious diseases; back injuries from moving patients; workplace stress; and sometimes confused, agitated, or uncooperative patients."
In California, licensed vocational nurses (LVNs) empty bedpans, commodes and clean and change incontinent adults. Licensed vocational nurses read vital signs such as pulse, temperature, blood pressure and respiration. They administer injections and enemas, monitor catheters and give massages or alcohol rubs. They may apply dressings, hot water bottles and ice packs. They help patients bathe and dress, treat bedsores and change soiled bed sheets. LVNs feed patients and record their food consumption, while monitoring the fluids they take in and excrete.
In May 2023, the median annual wages of LPNs/LVNs in the United States was $59,730, with the lowest 10 percent earning less than $45,670, and the highest 10 percent earning more than $77,870. Median annual wages differed by setting:

According to the Occupational Outlook Handbook, in 2008 there were some 753,600 jobs held by LPNs/LVNs in the United States, with about 25 percent working in hospitals, 28 percent in nursing care facilities, and 12 percent in physicians' offices. Other LPNs/LVN worked for home health care services; employment services; residential care facilities; community care facilities; outpatient care centers; and federal, state, and local government agencies. In the United States, employment of LPNs is projected to grow by 21 percent between 2008 and 2018, much faster than average. The growth is expected to be driven by the "long-term care needs of an increasing elderly population and the general increase in demand for healthcare services". By contrast hospitals are phasing out licensed practical nurses. While LPN jobs were expected to decline, in 2010 the Bureau of Labor Statistics reported the job growth rate of Licensed Practical Nurses as 22%, far above the national average of 14%. Median annual salary was reported as $44,090 per year, and hourly salary was reported as $19.42.
In the United States, training programs to become a LPN/LVN last about one year and are offered by vocational/technical schools and by community colleges. The Occupational Outlook Handbook states that in order to be eligible for licensure, LPNs must complete a state-approved training program. A high school diploma or equivalent usually is required for acceptance into a training program, but some programs accept candidates without a diploma and some programs are part of a high school curriculum. According to the Occupational Outlook Handbook states that most programs include both classroom study (covering basic nursing concepts and subjects related to patient care, including anatomy, physiology, medical-surgical nursing, pediatrics, obstetrics nursing, pharmacology, nutrition, and first aid) and supervised clinical practice (usually in a hospital setting, but sometimes elsewhere).
The National Council Licensure Examination-Practical Nurse (NCLEX-PN), a computer-based national licensing exam developed and administered by the National Council of State Boards of Nursing, is the exam required to obtain licensure as a LPN/LVN. In many states, LPNs/LVNs are required to obtain continuing education credits throughout their career.


=== Advancement ===
In some settings, LPNs/LVNs have opportunities for advancement, including the possibility of becoming credentialed in a certain area (such as IV therapy, gerontology, long-term care and pharmacology) or of becoming a charge nurse, responsible for overseeing the work of other LPNs and various unlicensed assistive personnel, such as nursing assistants. Some LPNs/LVNs choose to undergo further education and become registered nurses. LPN-to-RN training programs ("bridge programs") exist for this purpose. These include further classroom study to obtain at least an Associate of Science in Nursing (ASN) and clinical practice followed by another exam, the National Council Licensure Examination-Registered Nurse (NCLEX-RN).
The origins of the practical/vocational nurse can be traced back to the practice of self-t

--- SEMANTIC NEIGHBORS (5) ---

  Title: Nursing degrees in the United States (similarity: 0.1412)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nursing_degrees_in_the_United_States
  QID: Q25324229
  Extract: Nursing is the largest healthcare profession in the United States, with more than 3.1 million registered nurses. Between 2012 and 2022, employment for nurses is projected to grow by 19 percent, which is more than any other profession. Nurses make up the largest component of staff in hospitals but ar

  Title: Nursing in the United States (similarity: 0.1558)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nursing_in_the_United_States
  QID: Q7070281
  Extract: Nursing in the United States is a professional health care occupation. It is the largest such occupation, employing millions of certified professionals. As of 2023, 3,175,390 registered nurses were employed, paid a median income of $86,070.

  Title: Mental health nursing (similarity: 0.4000)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mental_health_nursing
  QID: Q2801621
  Extract: Psychiatric nursing or mental health nursing is the appointed position of a nurse that specialises in mental health, and cares for people of all ages experiencing mental illnesses or distress. These include: neurodevelopmental disorders, schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, mood disorders, addic

  Title: Kimberly Clark Saenz (similarity: 0.1159)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimberly_Clark_Saenz
  QID: Q6409909
  Extract: Kimberly Clark Saenz, also known as Kimberly Clark Fowler, is a former licensed practical nurse and a convicted serial killer. She was convicted of killing several patients at a Texas dialysis center by injecting bleach into their dialysis lines.

  Title: Nursing management (similarity: 0.1493)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nursing_management
  QID: Q2084130
  Extract: Nursing management consists of the performance of the leadership functions of governance and decision-making within organizations employing nurses. It includes processes common to all management like planning, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling. It is common for registered nurses to see
Claude Inference — claude-sonnet-4-20250514 · confidence:high · $0.0513 inferred_at: 2026-06-03T19:49:50 UTC · Boise Standard inference pipeline v1.0
model_pass1          : claude-sonnet-4-20250514
model_pass2          : claude-haiku-4-5-20251001
inference_confidence : high
confidence_notes     : Strong data foundation with comprehensive O*NET profiles, clear Wikipedia match, robust wage data from BLS OEWS May 2025, and well-defined related occupations supporting accurate career pathway analysis.
inferred_at          : 2026-06-03T19:49:50.495895+00:00
tokens_input         : 4,845
tokens_output        : 4,482
cost_usd             : $0.051288
wikipedia_used       : True
wikipedia_title      : Licensed practical nurse
wikipedia_note       : Wikipedia confirms LPNs provide direct nursing care under physician and RN supervision, validating the occupational definition and scope of practice. The semantic neighbors indicate strong connections to broader nursing profession and education pathways.

--- PROSE FIELDS ---

ROLE SUMMARY:
Licensed Practical Nurses (LPNs) and Licensed Vocational Nurses (LVNs) provide direct nursing care to patients in hospitals, nursing homes, clinics, and private residences under physician or registered nurse supervision. They monitor patient conditions, perform basic medical procedures, assist with daily living activities, and maintain detailed medical records. This role requires state licensing and serves as a critical bridge between nursing assistants and registered nurses in healthcare delivery.

DAY IN THE LIFE:
LPNs start by reviewing patient charts and receiving shift reports, then begin rounds to measure vital signs including blood pressure, temperature, and pulse while documenting changes in patient conditions. They collect biological specimens for laboratory testing, administer prescribed medications and treatments, and assist patients with bathing, dressing, and mobility activities. Throughout their shift, they document patient care activities in electronic health records using systems like Epic or MEDITECH, communicate with physicians and RNs about patient status changes, and prepare medical equipment such as catheters or oxygen supplies. The workday involves continuous monitoring of patients for adverse reactions to treatments and coordinating with other healthcare team members to ensure comprehensive patient care.

WHO THRIVES:
Individuals who excel as LPNs demonstrate exceptional dependability and attention to detail, as patient safety depends on accurate monitoring and precise medication administration. They possess strong social perceptiveness and service orientation, enabling them to read patient needs and provide compassionate care while maintaining professional boundaries. Successful LPNs combine analytical thinking with practical hands-on skills, using their problem sensitivity abilities to detect subtle changes in patient conditions and their communication skills to effectively report concerns to supervisors. The role attracts people who find fulfillment in direct patient interaction and can handle the physical and emotional demands of healthcare while maintaining the integrity and cautiousness essential in medical environments.

CAREER ENTRY:
Most LPNs complete a post-secondary certificate program (34.8% of practitioners) or some college coursework (38.2%) focused on practical nursing, typically requiring 12-18 months of study. These programs include classroom instruction in anatomy, physiology, and nursing fundamentals plus supervised clinical experience in healthcare facilities. All practitioners must pass the National Council Licensure Examination for Practical Nurses (NCLEX-PN) and maintain state licensing through continuing education requirements. While 15.9% hold associate degrees, the practical nursing certificate remains the most direct pathway to employment.

CAREER TRAJECTORY:
LPNs can advance by gaining specialized experience in areas like pediatrics, geriatrics, or home health care, often leading to charge nurse positions in long-term care facilities. Many use their LPN experience as a stepping stone to registered nursing by enrolling in LPN-to-RN bridge programs, leveraging their practical experience and established healthcare knowledge. Advanced practitioners may move into nursing education, case management, or healthcare administration roles. Some specialize in high-demand areas like home health or private duty nursing, which often offer increased autonomy and higher compensation.

MARKET INTELLIGENCE:
With 648,410 employed nationwide and a median annual wage of $64,400 according to BLS OEWS May 2025, LPNs represent a substantial healthcare workforce. Geographic variation is significant, with Washington state offering the highest wages at $83,150 compared to Puerto Rico's $30,760, reflecting a 2.70x ratio between highest and lowest paying regions. The majority work in health care and social assistance settings (560,880 employed), with additional opportunities in government facilities (36,670) and administrative services (29,790). Wage ranges from $49,740 at the 10th percentile to $83,440 at the 90th percentile demonstrate clear advancement potential. Demand remains strong due to an aging population and continued emphasis on cost-effective healthcare delivery models.

AUTOMATION OUTLOOK:
LPN roles face moderate automation risk as their core activities of patient monitoring, documentation, and direct care require human judgment and interpersonal interaction. While electronic health records and automated vital sign monitoring equipment enhance efficiency, the fundamental work activities of assisting and caring for others (importance 4.6) and making decisions about patient needs cannot be fully automated. Technology integration will likely enhance rather than replace LPN capabilities, with tools improving documentation accuracy and patient monitoring while preserving the essential human elements of nursing care.

--- REASONED EDGES ---
  [career_pathway] Registered Nurses (29-1141.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Primary career advancement path with overlapping knowledge in psychology (LPN 3.7, RN higher) and shared work activities in patient care and documentation.
    data: RELATED OCCUPATIONS Primary-Short
    data: Similar work activities: Assisting and Caring for Others
    data: Knowledge overlap in Medicine and Dentistry
  [skill_overlap] Nursing Assistants (31-1131.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Adjacent role with shared transferable skills in Service Orientation (4.1) and Social Perceptiveness, both requiring direct patient care capabilities.
    data: RELATED OCCUPATIONS Primary-Short
    data: TRANSFERABLE SKILLS: Service Orientation 4.1
    data: Shared work activities in patient assistance
  [riasec_cluster] Paramedics (29-2043.00) — confidence:medium
    reasoning: Both roles show Social (S) dominance in RIASEC profile, requiring patient interaction skills and medical knowledge application in healthcare settings.
    data: RELATED OCCUPATIONS Primary-Short
    data: RIASEC: S:5.50 dominant
    data: Knowledge in Medicine and Dentistry 3.7
  [task_similarity] Medical Assistants (31-9092.00) — confidence:medium
    reasoning: Overlapping tasks in measuring vital signs, collecting specimens, and using medical equipment as evidenced in top task activities.
    data: RELATED OCCUPATIONS Primary-Long
    data: TOP TASKS: Measure vital signs, blood pressure
    data: TOP TASKS: Collect samples, blood, urine
  [knowledge_overlap] Nurse Practitioners (29-1171.00) — confidence:medium
    reasoning: Shared knowledge base in Psychology (3.7 importance) and Medicine and Dentistry (3.7 importance) with different application levels.
    data: RELATED OCCUPATIONS Primary-Short
    data: TOP KNOWLEDGE: Psychology imp:3.7
    data: TOP KNOWLEDGE: Medicine and Dentistry imp:3.7
  [transferable_skill] Home Health Aides (31-1121.00) — confidence:medium
    reasoning: Common transferable skills in Service Orientation (4.1) and patient assistance activities, particularly in home healthcare settings.
    data: RELATED OCCUPATIONS Primary-Long
    data: JOB TITLES: Home Health LPN
    data: TRANSFERABLE SKILLS: Service Orientation 4.1

--- NORMALIZER SIGNALS ---
  match_keywords   : ['licensed practical nurse', 'LPN', 'licensed vocational nurse', 'LVN', 'practical nurse', 'vocational nurse', 'clinic nurse', 'charge nurse']
  exclude_keywords : ['registered nurse', 'RN', 'nurse practitioner', 'nursing assistant', 'aide']
  title_patterns   : ['Licensed Practical Nurse', 'Licensed Vocational Nurse', 'LPN', 'LVN', 'Clinic LPN']
  common_variations: ['Home Health LPN', 'Medical LPN', 'Pediatric LPN', 'Long Term Care LPN', 'Private Duty LPN', 'Nursing Home LPN', 'Clinic Licensed Practical Nurse', 'Licensed Care Coordinator']
Semantic Manifold — 40 terms · 5 provenance layers employment_word_extractor.py · sources: onet_tasks | onet_dimensions | dwas | wikipedia | inference · Constitutional Law III
total_terms    : 40
top_words      : ['nursing', 'nurses', 'care', 'nurse', 'tendency', 'practical', 'patients', 'others', 'lpns', 'equipment', 'health', 'registered', 'patient', 'practice', 'medical', 'activities', 'states', 'healthcare', 'principles', 'procedures']
source_layers  : onet_tasks | onet_dimensions | dwas | wikipedia | inference

TERM                    COUNT     FREQ  DOMINANT SOURCE      SOURCE BREAKDOWN
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
nursing                    69  0.01445  wikipedia            wikipedia:80%  inference:17%  onet_tasks:3%
nurses                     63  0.01320  wikipedia            wikipedia:92%  inference:6%  onet_tasks:2%
care                       59  0.01236  wikipedia            wikipedia:71%  inference:17%  onet_tasks:5%
nurse                      44  0.00922  wikipedia            wikipedia:95%  inference:5%
tendency                   42  0.00880  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
practical                  41  0.00859  wikipedia            wikipedia:83%  inference:15%  onet_dimensions:2%
patients                   39  0.00817  wikipedia            wikipedia:41%  onet_tasks:26%  dwas:23%
others                     39  0.00817  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:97%  inference:3%
lpns                       39  0.00817  wikipedia            wikipedia:79%  inference:21%
equipment                  36  0.00754  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:64%  dwas:19%  onet_tasks:8%
health                     32  0.00670  wikipedia            wikipedia:78%  inference:16%  onet_dimensions:3%
registered                 31  0.00649  wikipedia            wikipedia:90%  inference:10%
patient                    30  0.00628  inference            inference:43%  dwas:27%  wikipedia:23%
practice                   29  0.00607  wikipedia            wikipedia:97%  inference:3%
medical                    25  0.00524  dwas                 dwas:64%  inference:16%  onet_tasks:8%
activities                 18  0.00377  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:50%  inference:28%  dwas:22%
states                     18  0.00377  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
healthcare                 17  0.00356  inference            inference:47%  wikipedia:29%  onet_tasks:12%
principles                 17  0.00356  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:94%  wikipedia:6%
procedures                 16  0.00335  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:50%  dwas:25%  wikipedia:12%
standards                  16  0.00335  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:50%  wikipedia:50%
body                       15  0.00314  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:67%  wikipedia:33%
ontario                    15  0.00314  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
monitoring                 14  0.00293  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:57%  inference:36%  wikipedia:7%
includes                   14  0.00293  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:86%  wikipedia:14%
licensed                   14  0.00293  wikipedia            wikipedia:86%  inference:14%
programs                   13  0.00272  wikipedia            wikipedia:54%  onet_dimensions:31%  inference:15%
direct                     13  0.00272  wikipedia            wikipedia:46%  inference:38%  onet_dimensions:8%
lpn                        13  0.00272  wikipedia            wikipedia:69%  inference:31%
united                     13  0.00272  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
needs                      12  0.00251  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:67%  inference:17%  onet_tasks:8%
techniques                 12  0.00251  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:83%  dwas:17%
management                 12  0.00251  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:58%  wikipedia:33%  inference:8%
control                    12  0.00251  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
objects                    12  0.00251  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
self                       12  0.00251  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:50%  wikipedia:50%
many                       12  0.00251  wikipedia            wikipedia:92%  inference:8%
performing                 11  0.00230  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:73%  wikipedia:18%  onet_tasks:9%
moving                     11  0.00230  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:64%  wikipedia:27%  onet_tasks:9%
services                   11  0.00230  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:55%  wikipedia:36%  inference:9%
◈ Boise Standard Employment Graph · 29-2061.00 · built 2026-06-02 · Sources declared above are authoritative originals. This page synthesizes but does not replace them. Every claim traceable. Full provenance. Constitutional Law I.
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