◈ EMPLOYMENT · FOOD_SERVICE · 35-9031.00
Hosts and Hostesses, Restaurant, Lounge, and Coffee Shop
O*NET 30.3 · BLS OEWS May 2025 · Boise Standard Employment Graph
◈ EMPLOYMENT · FOOD_SERVICE 35-9031.00 ◉ HIGH CONFIDENCE Built 2026-06-02
Sources: O*NET 30.3 (CC BY 4.0) · BLS OEWS May 2025 (Public Domain) · SOC 2018 (Public Domain) · Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0 where matched)
Atomic Answer — Primary AI Citation Target
Hosts and Hostesses, Restaurant, Lounge, and Coffee Shop
Hosts and hostesses serve as the welcoming face of restaurants, lounges, and coffee shops, greeting patrons and coordinating their seating arrangements. They act as communication liaisons between customers, management, and service staff to ensure smooth dining operations. This customer-facing role combines hospitality skills with operational coordination responsibilities in food service establishments.
432,690
National Employment
$31,200
Median Annual Wage
JZ 2
Job Zone
Accommodation and Food Se
Primary Industry
Occupation Graph — Declared + Reasoned Edges
onet declared
Waiters and Waitresses
Primary-Short
onet declared
Dining Room and Cafeteria Attendants and Bartender Helpers
Primary-Short
onet declared
Food Servers, Nonrestaurant
Primary-Short
onet declared
Fast Food and Counter Workers
Primary-Short
onet declared
Hotel, Motel, and Resort Desk Clerks
Primary-Short
onet declared
Bartenders
Primary-Long
career pathway
Waiters and Waitresses
Natural progression from host role with overlapping customer service skills and food service knowledge.
skill overlap
Hotel, Motel, and Resort Desk Clerks
Shared emphasis on greeting guests, customer service orientation, and facility coordination responsibilities.
riasec cluster
Bartenders
Both roles emphasize social interaction (S:5.24) and customer service in hospitality environments.
task similarity
Dining Room and Cafeteria Attendants and Bartender Helpers
Overlapping responsibilities in dining room operations and customer assistance functions.
§ Feeder Roles
Fast Food and Counter Workers
Dining Room and Cafeteria Attendants
Retail Sales Workers
§ Destinations
Restaurant Manager
Hospitality Supervisor
Customer Service Manager
§ RIASEC Peers
Waiters and Waitresses
Bartenders
Hotel Desk Clerks
Role Intelligence — Day in the Life · Who Thrives · Automation
Day in the Life

A typical day begins with greeting guests warmly, checking reservations, and managing waiting lists during busy periods. Throughout shifts, they seat customers at appropriate tables, provide menus, and inform patrons about daily specials or establishment features. They coordinate with kitchen and serving staff to communicate dining details and special requests, while monitoring dining room flow to optimize table turnover. Additional responsibilities include answering phone calls for reservations or inquiries, supervising dining room staff activities, and maintaining facility standards by inspecting and cleaning restrooms when necessary.

Who Thrives

Individuals with strong social orientation and excellent interpersonal skills excel in this role, as establishing and maintaining relationships with customers is paramount. Those who are naturally dependable, cooperative, and maintain an optimistic demeanor handle the fast-paced, customer-focused environment effectively. Strong oral communication abilities, both in comprehension and expression, are essential for clear customer interactions and staff coordination. People who enjoy working directly with the public and can remain calm while resolving conflicts or managing customer complaints find satisfaction in this hospitality-centered position.

Automation Outlook

This role has moderate resistance to automation due to the high importance of establishing and maintaining interpersonal relationships and performing for or working directly with the public. While reservation systems and digital check-in processes may streamline some administrative tasks, the personal touch required for greeting guests, handling special requests, and resolving customer conflicts requires human emotional intelligence and adaptability that current technology cannot fully replicate.

Market Intelligence — BLS OEWS May 2025
The occupation employs 432,690 workers nationwide with a median annual wage of $31,200 according to BLS OEWS May 2025 data. Geographic wage variation is significant, ranging from $20,450 in Guam to $47,070 in Hawaii, representing a 2.30x ratio difference. The vast majority of positions (94.8%) are concentrated in accommodation and food services industries, with smaller representation in entertainment and healthcare sectors. Employment demand remains steady due to consistent turnover in food service establishments and the essential nature of customer greeting functions in hospitality operations.
$22,340
10th
$27,570
25th
$31,200
Median
$36,250
75th
$43,990
90th
Highest Paying State
Hawaii
$47,070 median
Geographic Dispersion
2.302x
highest / lowest median
Accommodation and Food Services 410,390 emp $31,200
Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation 11,150 emp $33,330
Health Care and Social Assistance 3,730 emp $39,390
Manufacturing 2,520 emp $34,320
Administrative and Support and Waste Manageme 1,290 emp $31,840
Source: BLS Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics May 2025 ↗ · Public Domain · US Government
Skills + Knowledge — O*NET 30.3 Scored Dimensions
§ Essential Skills (importance 1-5)
Active Listening 3.5
Speaking 3.1
Reading Comprehension 2.9
Monitoring 2.9
Critical Thinking 2.8
Active Learning 2.6
Writing 2.1
Learning Strategies 2.0
Mathematics 1.9
Science 1.0
§ Knowledge Domains (importance 1-5)
Customer and Personal Service 4.5
English Language 3.7
Food Production 3.0
Psychology 2.5
Computers and Electronics 2.4
Personnel and Human Resources 2.4
Foreign Language 2.4
Administration and Management 2.4
Sales and Marketing 2.4
Public Safety and Security 2.4
Source: O*NET 30.3 Database ↗ · CC BY 4.0
RIASEC Interest Profile + Personality Fit — O*NET 30.3
R
Realistic
3.19
I
Investigative
1.00
A
Artistic
1.73
S
Social
5.24
TOP FIT
E
Enterprising
4.44
TOP FIT
C
Conventional
4.09
TOP FIT
§ Who Thrives
Individuals with strong social orientation and excellent interpersonal skills excel in this role, as establishing and maintaining relationships with customers is paramount. Those who are naturally dependable, cooperative, and maintain an optimistic demeanor handle the fast-paced, customer-focused environment effectively. Strong oral communication abilities, both in comprehension and expression, are essential for clear customer interactions and staff coordination. People who enjoy working directly with the public and can remain calm while resolving conflicts or managing customer complaints find satisfaction in this hospitality-centered position.
Source: O*NET 30.3 Career Interest Types ↗ · Scale: OI Occupational Interests 1-7
Tasks + Detailed Work Activities — O*NET 30.3
Provide guests with menus.
Core 62% of incumbents
Present food or beverage information or
Supervise and coordinate activities of dining room staff to ensure that patrons receive prompt and courteous service.
Core 62% of incumbents
Coordinate activities of food service st
Answer telephone calls and respond to inquiries or transfer calls.
Core 62% of incumbents
Provide customers with general informati
Inspect restrooms for cleanliness and availability of supplies, and clean restrooms when necessary.
Core 62% of incumbents
Inspect facilities, equipment or supplie
Take and prepare to-go orders.
Core 62% of incumbents
Package food or supplies.Take customer orders.
Inform patrons of establishment specialties and features.
Core 62% of incumbents
Present food or beverage information or Provide customers with general informati
Hire, train, and supervise food and beverage service staff.
Supplemental 62% of incumbents
Train food preparation or food service pPerform human resources activities.
Perform marketing and advertising services.
Supplemental 62% of incumbents
Manage food service operations or parts
Greet guests and seat them at tables or in waiting areas.
Core 61% of incumbents
Assist customers with seating arrangemen
Maintain contact with kitchen staff, management, serving staff, and customers to ensure that dining details are handled properly and customers' concerns are addressed.
Core 61% of incumbents
Communicate dining or order details to k
Source: O*NET 30.3 Task Statements + DWA Mappings ↗ · Incumbent-reported · CC BY 4.0
◈ Software Tools — O*NET 30.3 · Hot Technology + In Demand Flagged
Avenista Table Reservations
Data base user interface and query softw
Facebook
Web page creation and editing software
HOT
GuestBridge Reserve
Data base user interface and query softw
Hospitality Control Solutions Aloha Point-of-Sale
Point of sale POS software
iMagic Restaurant Reservation
Calendar and scheduling software
Microsoft Excel
Spreadsheet software
HOT
Microsoft Office software
Office suite software
HOT
Microsoft Windows
Operating system software
HOT
OpenTable
Data base user interface and query softw
Reservation software
Data base user interface and query softw
Source: O*NET 30.3 Software Skills ↗ · CC BY 4.0
Career Pathway — Entry · Trajectory · Education
1
Entry
2
Some Prep
3
Medium
4
Considerable
5
Extensive
Some occupations may need little or no previous experience; others require several months to a year of experience. For example, landscaping and groundskeeping workers might require very little trainin
Most positions require minimal formal education, with 42% of workers having less than a high school diploma and 29.2% holding a high school diploma or equivalent. Previous customer service experience is valued but not always required, as many establishments provide on-the-job training. Entry-level candidates benefit from demonstrating strong communication skills, reliability, and a positive attitude during interviews.
This role often serves as an entry point into food service management, with advancement opportunities to dining room supervisor, assistant manager, or restaurant manager positions. Experience gained in customer service, staff coordination, and operational oversight provides transferable skills for broader hospitality careers. Some hosts transition to serving positions for higher earning potential or move into hotel front desk roles leveraging their customer service expertise.
Less than a High School Diploma 42.0%
High School Diploma - or the equivalent (for 29.2%
Some College Courses 15.7%
Bachelor's Degree 13.1%
Source: O*NET 30.3 Education + Job Zones ↗ · CC BY 4.0
Live Job Feed — Active Postings
Live Hosts and Hostesses, Restaurant, Lounge, and Coffee Shop job postings populate here as the crawler feeds data. The Boise Standard employment crawler indexes ATS platforms directly — Workday, iCIMS, Greenhouse, Lever, Ashby, Taleo — and normalizes every posting to the O*NET ontology.

Postings appear within hours of going live on the source ATS. No aggregator lag. Direct from source.
Browse Food Service Feed → Submit Open Position →
◈ SEMANTIC MANIFOLD — MULTI-SOURCE WORD FREQUENCY FINGERPRINT
Top 40 terms across five provenance layers: O*NET Tasks · O*NET Dimensions · DWAs · Wikipedia · Inference · Stop words removed · Deterministic · Constitutional Law III
tendency others equipment food customers principles service customer includes activities standards control objects dining staff materials ideas management techniques resources
§ Full Frequency Ranking — 40 terms
TERM COUNT FREQ BAR SOURCE ATTRIBUTION
tendency 42 0.0151
onet dimensi 100%
others 39 0.0140
onet dimensi 97% wikipedia 3%
equipment 27 0.0097
onet dimensi 85% dwas 11%
food 19 0.0068
dwas 42% onet tasks 21%
customers 17 0.0061
dwas 47% onet dimensi 18%
principles 16 0.0057
onet dimensi 100%
service 15 0.0054
inference 47% onet tasks 20%
customer 15 0.0054
inference 60% onet dimensi 27%
includes 14 0.0050
onet dimensi 86% wikipedia 14%
activities 13 0.0047
onet dimensi 69% dwas 15%
standards 12 0.0043
onet dimensi 67% dwas 17%
control 12 0.0043
onet dimensi 100%
objects 12 0.0043
onet dimensi 100%
dining 11 0.0040
inference 45% onet tasks 36%
staff 11 0.0040
onet tasks 45% inference 45%
materials 11 0.0040
onet dimensi 91% dwas 9%
ideas 11 0.0040
onet dimensi 100%
management 10 0.0036
onet dimensi 70% inference 20%
techniques 10 0.0036
onet dimensi 100%
resources 10 0.0036
onet dimensi 90% dwas 10%
operations 10 0.0036
onet dimensi 60% dwas 20%
body 10 0.0036
onet dimensi 100%
orientation 10 0.0036
onet dimensi 90% inference 10%
needs 9 0.0032
onet dimensi 89% onet tasks 11%
monitoring 9 0.0032
onet dimensi 89% inference 11%
problems 9 0.0032
onet dimensi 100%
production 9 0.0032
onet dimensi 89% dwas 11%
human 9 0.0032
onet dimensi 78% dwas 11%
quickly 9 0.0032
onet dimensi 100%
performing 9 0.0032
onet dimensi 89% inference 11%
BOISE STANDARD — FINE-TUNING RECORD · Hosts and Hostesses, Restaurant, Lounge, and Coffee Shop
35-9031.00 · 8 QA pairs · jsonl · O*NET 30.3 + BLS OEWS
How many Hosts and Hostesses are employed in the United States?
According to BLS OEWS May 2025 data, 432,690 workers are employed in this occupation nationwide.
factual BLS OEWS May 2025
What is the median annual wage for Hosts and Hostesses?
The median annual wage is $31,200 according to BLS OEWS May 2025, with a range from $22,340 at the 10th percentile to $43,990 at the 90th percentile.
factual BLS OEWS May 2025
Which state offers the highest median wage for this occupation?
Hawaii offers the highest median wage at $47,070 according to BLS OEWS May 2025 data, significantly above the national median.
market_intel BLS OEWS May 2025
What is the typical education profile of workers in this field?
42% of workers have less than a high school diploma and 29.2% hold a high school diploma or GED according to occupation education distribution data, indicating minimal formal education requirements.
market_intel Occupation education distribution
What personality traits and work styles are most important for succeeding as a Host or Hostess?
Social orientation (RIASEC S:5.24), dependability, cooperation, and empathy are critical. These occupations thrive on establishing and maintaining interpersonal relationships with strong oral communication abilities.
career_advice RIASEC personality analysisWork styles distribution
Which software tools should aspiring Hosts and Hostesses prioritize learning?
Priority tools include reservation systems like Avenista Table Reservations, GuestBridge Reserve, and Hospitality Control Solutions Aloha Point-of-Sale, plus basic Microsoft Office proficiency.
career_advice Software tools ranking
How does the Host/Hostess role compare to related occupations like Waiters and Bartenders in terms of career progression?
Hosts and Hostesses represent an entry-level position within the food service hierarchy; waiters/waitresses and bartenders are primary-short related roles. Many hosts progress to server or bartender positions before advancing to supervisory roles.
comparative Related occupations networkCareer trajectory analysis
What are the top three industries employing Hosts and Hostesses, and how do they differ?
Top industries are Accommodation and Food Service (primary), Arts/Entertainment/Recreation (venues and theaters), and Health Care/Social Assistance (cafeterias). Each requires slightly different communication and coordination skills.
comparative Top industries distribution
◈ Boise Standard Employment Graph · 35-9031.00 · minted 2026-06-02T16:18:30Z · Sources: O*NET 30.3 (CC BY 4.0) · BLS OEWS May 2025 (Public Domain) · BS: https://boisestandard.org/employment/35-9031-hosts_and_hostesses_restaurant_lounge_and_coffee_shop
Boise Standard — Employment Intelligence
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Boise Standard · The Standard of Information · boisestandard.org ↗
Provenance Window — Full Source Record · 35-9031.00 · Hosts and Hostesses, Restaurant, Lounge, and Coffee Shop 7 source blocks · click to expand
O*NET Identity onetonline.org ↗ · O*NET 30.3 · CC BY 4.0 · retrieved 2026-06-02
[('onet_soc_code', '35-9031.00'), ('soc_code', '35-9031'), ('title', 'Hosts and Hostesses, Restaurant, Lounge, and Coffee Shop'), ('vertical', 'food_service'), ('job_zone', '2'), ('job_zone_name', 'Job Zone 1-2: Very Little to Some Preparation Needed'), ('job_zone_exp', 'Some occupations may need little or no previous experience; others require several months to a year of experience. For e'), ('description', 'Welcome patrons, seat them at tables or in lounge, and help ensure quality of facilities and service.'), ('bundle_version', '1'), ('built_at', '2026-06-02T16:18:30Z')]
O*NET Task Statements (20 tasks, 0 emerging) O*NET 30.3 Task Statements · Incumbent-reported · CC BY 4.0
[Core] [62% incumbents] Provide guests with menus.
  DWAs: Present food or beverage information or menus to customers.

[Core] [62% incumbents] Supervise and coordinate activities of dining room staff to ensure that patrons receive prompt and courteous service.
  DWAs: Coordinate activities of food service staff.

[Core] [62% incumbents] Answer telephone calls and respond to inquiries or transfer calls.
  DWAs: Provide customers with general information or assistance.

[Core] [62% incumbents] Inspect restrooms for cleanliness and availability of supplies, and clean restrooms when necessary.
  DWAs: Inspect facilities, equipment or supplies to ensure conformance to standards.

[Core] [62% incumbents] Take and prepare to-go orders.
  DWAs: Package food or supplies. | Take customer orders.

[Core] [62% incumbents] Inform patrons of establishment specialties and features.
  DWAs: Present food or beverage information or menus to customers. | Provide customers with general information or assistance.

[Supplemental] [62% incumbents] Hire, train, and supervise food and beverage service staff.
  DWAs: Train food preparation or food service personnel. | Perform human resources activities.

[Supplemental] [62% incumbents] Perform marketing and advertising services.
  DWAs: Manage food service operations or parts of operations.

[Core] [61% incumbents] Greet guests and seat them at tables or in waiting areas.
  DWAs: Assist customers with seating arrangements.

[Core] [61% incumbents] Maintain contact with kitchen staff, management, serving staff, and customers to ensure that dining details are handled properly and customers' concerns are addressed.
  DWAs: Communicate dining or order details to kitchen personnel.

[Core] [61% incumbents] Assign patrons to tables suitable for their needs and according to rotation so that servers receive an appropriate number of seatings.
  DWAs: Assist customers with seating arrangements.

[Core] [61% incumbents] Speak with patrons to ensure satisfaction with food and service, to respond to complaints, or to make conversation.
  DWAs: Communicate with customers to resolve complaints or ensure satisfaction.

[Core] [61% incumbents] Inspect dining and serving areas to ensure cleanliness and proper setup.
  DWAs: Inspect facilities, equipment or supplies to ensure conformance to standards.

[Core] [61% incumbents] Assist other restaurant workers by serving food and beverages, or by bussing tables.
  DWAs: Assist chefs or caterers with food or drink preparation.

[Core] [61% incumbents] Receive and record patrons' dining reservations.
  DWAs: Schedule dining reservations.

[Supplemental] [61% incumbents] Operate cash registers to accept payments for food and beverages.
  DWAs: Operate cash registers. | Process customer bills or payments.

[Supplemental] [61% incumbents] Direct patrons to coatrooms and waiting areas, such as lounges.
  DWAs: Provide customers with general information or assistance.

[Supplemental] [61% incumbents] Prepare cash receipts after establishments close, and make bank deposits.
  DWAs: Record operational or production data.

[Supplemental] [61% incumbents] Order or requisition supplies and equipment for tables and serving stations.
  DWAs: Order materials, supplies, or equipment.

[Supplemental] [61% incumbents] Confer with other staff to help plan establishments' menus.
  DWAs: Plan menu options.
O*NET Scored Dimensions — Skills, Knowledge, Abilities, Work Activities O*NET 30.3 · CC BY 4.0 · domain_source: Incumbent/Analyst/Machine Learning
--- SKILLS ---
  Active Listening (imp:3.50 lvl:2.88) — Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand
  Speaking (imp:3.12 lvl:2.88) — Talking to others to convey information effectively.
  Reading Comprehension (imp:2.88 lvl:2.12) — Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work-related documents.
  Monitoring (imp:2.88 lvl:2.38) — Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or organization
  Critical Thinking (imp:2.75 lvl:2.62) — Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternativ
  Active Learning (imp:2.62 lvl:2.00) — Understanding the implications of new information for both current and future pr
  Writing (imp:2.12 lvl:2.00) — Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the audienc
  Learning Strategies (imp:2.00 lvl:2.00) — Selecting and using training/instructional methods and procedures appropriate fo
  Mathematics (imp:1.88 lvl:1.62) — Using mathematics to solve problems.
  Science (imp:1.00) — Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems.

--- KNOWLEDGE ---
  Customer and Personal Service (imp:4.50 lvl:4.10) — Knowledge of principles and processes for providing customer and personal servic
  English Language (imp:3.69 lvl:2.55) — Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the mea
  Food Production (imp:2.99 lvl:2.22) — Knowledge of techniques and equipment for planting, growing, and harvesting food
  Psychology (imp:2.47 lvl:2.48) — Knowledge of human behavior and performance; individual differences in ability, 
  Computers and Electronics (imp:2.44 lvl:2.01) — Knowledge of circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and comput
  Personnel and Human Resources (imp:2.43 lvl:1.55) — Knowledge of principles and procedures for personnel recruitment, selection, tra
  Foreign Language (imp:2.42 lvl:1.40) — Knowledge of the structure and content of a foreign (non-English) language inclu
  Administration and Management (imp:2.37 lvl:2.26) — Knowledge of business and management principles involved in strategic planning, 
  Sales and Marketing (imp:2.36 lvl:2.10) — Knowledge of principles and methods for showing, promoting, and selling products
  Public Safety and Security (imp:2.36 lvl:1.78) — Knowledge of relevant equipment, policies, procedures, and strategies to promote
  Education and Training (imp:2.28 lvl:1.53) — Knowledge of principles and methods for curriculum and training design, teaching
  Mathematics (imp:2.25 lvl:1.85) — Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their appl
  Communications and Media (imp:2.19 lvl:1.83) — Knowledge of media production, communication, and dissemination techniques and m
  Production and Processing (imp:2.18 lvl:1.41) — Knowledge of raw materials, production processes, quality control, costs, and ot
  Sociology and Anthropology (imp:2.07 lvl:1.40) — Knowledge of group behavior and dynamics, societal trends and influences, human 
  Administrative (imp:2.03 lvl:1.63) — Knowledge of administrative and office procedures and systems such as word proce
  Design (imp:1.91 lvl:1.36) — Knowledge of design techniques, tools, and principles involved in production of 
  Economics and Accounting (imp:1.89 lvl:1.34) — Knowledge of economic and accounting principles and practices, the financial mar
  Telecommunications (imp:1.89 lvl:0.66) — Knowledge of transmission, broadcasting, switching, control, and operation of te
  Transportation (imp:1.67 lvl:0.56) — Knowledge of principles and methods for moving people or goods by air, rail, sea
  Chemistry (imp:1.57 lvl:0.98) — Knowledge of the chemical composition, structure, and properties of substances a
  Philosophy and Theology (imp:1.57 lvl:0.85) — Knowledge of different philosophical systems and religions. This includes their 
  Law and Government (imp:1.47 lvl:0.64) — Knowledge of laws, legal codes, court procedures, precedents, government regulat
  Mechanical (imp:1.46) — Knowledge of machines and tools, including their designs, uses, repair, and main
  Physics (imp:1.43 lvl:0.36) — Knowledge and prediction of physical principles, laws, their interrelationships,
  History and Archeology (imp:1.33 lvl:0.40) — Knowledge of historical events and their causes, indicators, and effects on civi
  Fine Arts (imp:1.30) — Knowledge of the theory and techniques required to compose, produce, and perform
  Medicine and Dentistry (imp:1.28) — Knowledge of the information and techniques needed to diagnose and treat human i
  Engineering and Technology (imp:1.27) — Knowledge of the practical application of engineering science and technology. Th
  Geography (imp:1.17) — Knowledge of principles and methods for describing the features of land, sea, an
  Biology (imp:1.12) — Knowledge of plant and animal organisms, their tissues, cells, functions, interd
  Therapy and Counseling (imp:1.10) — Knowledge of principles, methods, and procedures for diagnosis, treatment, and r
  Building and Construction (imp:1.08) — Knowledge of materials, methods, and the tools involved in the construction or r

--- ABILITIES ---
  Oral Comprehension (imp:4.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through 
  Oral Expression (imp:4.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will unde
  Speech Recognition (imp:3.25 lvl:3.12) — The ability to identify and understand the speech of another person.
  Speech Clarity (imp:3.12 lvl:3.00) — The ability to speak clearly so others can understand you.
  Written Comprehension (imp:3.00 lvl:2.88) — The ability to read and understand information and ideas presented in writing.
  Problem Sensitivity (imp:3.00 lvl:2.88) — The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does no
  Deductive Reasoning (imp:3.00 lvl:2.75) — The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that 
  Inductive Reasoning (imp:3.00 lvl:2.75) — The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusion
  Near Vision (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the observer).
  Information Ordering (imp:2.88 lvl:2.75) — The ability to arrange things or actions in a certain order or pattern according
  Selective Attention (imp:2.88 lvl:2.62) — The ability to concentrate on a task over a period of time without being distrac
  Time Sharing (imp:2.88 lvl:2.50) — The ability to shift back and forth between two or more activities or sources of
  Trunk Strength (imp:2.88 lvl:3.00) — The ability to use your abdominal and lower back muscles to support part of the 
  Far Vision (imp:2.88 lvl:2.88) — The ability to see details at a distance.
  Category Flexibility (imp:2.62 lvl:2.62) — The ability to generate or use different sets of rules for combining or grouping
  Written Expression (imp:2.38 lvl:2.00) — The ability to communicate information and ideas in writing so others will under
  Finger Dexterity (imp:2.25 lvl:2.00) — The ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the fingers of one or bot
  Memorization (imp:2.12 lvl:2.12) — The ability to remember information such as words, numbers, pictures, and proced
  Speed of Closure (imp:2.12 lvl:2.12) — The ability to quickly make sense of, combine, and organize information into mea
  Flexibility of Closure (imp:2.12 lvl:2.38) — The ability to identify or detect a known pattern (a figure, object, word, or so
  Manual Dexterity (imp:2.12 lvl:2.00) — The ability to quickly move your hand, your hand together with your arm, or your
  Gross Body Coordination (imp:2.12 lvl:1.75) — The ability to coordinate the movement of your arms, legs, and torso together wh
  Auditory Attention (imp:2.12 lvl:2.00) — The ability to focus on a single source of sound in the presence of other distra
  Fluency of Ideas (imp:2.00 lvl:1.88) — The ability to come up with a number of ideas about a topic (the number of ideas
  Mathematical Reasoning (imp:2.00 lvl:1.88) — The ability to choose the right mathematical methods or formulas to solve a prob
  Number Facility (imp:2.00 lvl:2.12) — The ability to add, subtract, multiply, or divide quickly and correctly.
  Perceptual Speed (imp:2.00 lvl:2.12) — The ability to quickly and accurately compare similarities and differences among
  Visualization (imp:2.00 lvl:1.88) — The ability to imagine how something will look after it is moved around or when 
  Arm-Hand Steadiness (imp:2.00 lvl:2.00) — The ability to keep your hand and arm steady while moving your arm or while hold
  Multilimb Coordination (imp:2.00 lvl:1.88) — The ability to coordinate two or more limbs (for example, two arms, two legs, or
  Static Strength (imp:2.00 lvl:1.88) — The ability to exert maximum muscle force to lift, push, pull, or carry objects.
  Stamina (imp:2.00 lvl:2.00) — The ability to exert yourself physically over long periods of time without getti
  Gross Body Equilibrium (imp:2.00 lvl:0.88) — The ability to keep or regain your body balance or stay upright when in an unsta
  Originality (imp:1.88 lvl:1.75) — The ability to come up with unusual or clever ideas about a given topic or situa
  Control Precision (imp:1.88 lvl:1.62) — The ability to quickly and repeatedly adjust the controls of a machine or a vehi
  Extent Flexibility (imp:1.88 lvl:1.75) — The ability to bend, stretch, twist, or reach with your body, arms, and/or legs.
  Visual Color Discrimination (imp:1.88 lvl:1.62) — The ability to match or detect differences between colors, including shades of c
  Depth Perception (imp:1.88 lvl:0.88) — The ability to judge which of several objects is closer or farther away from you
  Hearing Sensitivity (imp:1.88 lvl:1.12) — The ability to detect or tell the differences between sounds that vary in pitch 
  Dynamic Strength (imp:1.75 lvl:0.88) — The ability to exert muscle force repeatedly or continuously over time. This inv
  Speed of Limb Movement (imp:1.50 lvl:0.50) — The ability to quickly move the arms and legs.
  Spatial Orientation (imp:1.38 lvl:0.50) — The ability to know your location in relation to the environment or to know wher
  Explosive Strength (imp:1.25 lvl:0.25) — The ability to use short bursts of muscle force to propel oneself (as in jumping
  Peripheral Vision (imp:1.25 lvl:0.25) — The ability to see objects or movement of objects to one's side when the eyes ar
  Response Orientation (imp:1.12 lvl:0.12) — The ability to choose quickly between two or more movements in response to two o
  Rate Control (imp:1.12 lvl:0.12) — The ability to time your movements or the movement of a piece of equipment in an
  Reaction Time (imp:1.12 lvl:0.12) — The ability to quickly respond (with the hand, finger, or foot) to a signal (sou
  Wrist-Finger Speed (imp:1.12 lvl:0.12) — The ability to make fast, simple, repeated movements of the fingers, hands, and 
  Dynamic Flexibility (imp:1.00) — The ability to quickly and repeatedly bend, stretch, twist, or reach out with yo
  Night Vision (imp:1.00) — The ability to see under low-light conditions.
  Glare Sensitivity (imp:1.00) — The ability to see objects in the presence of a glare or bright lighting.
  Sound Localization (imp:1.00) — The ability to tell the direction from which a sound originated.

--- WORK ACTIVITIES ---
  Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships (imp:3.96 lvl:4.29) — Developing constructive and cooperative working relationships with others, and m
  Getting Information (imp:3.86 lvl:2.31) — Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from all relevant sour
  Judging the Qualities of Objects, Services, or People (imp:3.72 lvl:2.41) — Assessing the value, importance, or quality of things or people.
  Performing General Physical Activities (imp:3.70 lvl:2.94) — Performing general physical activities includes doing activities that require co
  Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events (imp:3.66 lvl:3.21) — Identifying information by categorizing, estimating, recognizing differences or 
  Performing for or Working Directly with the Public (imp:3.61 lvl:3.40) — Performing for people or dealing directly with the public. This includes serving
  Monitoring Processes, Materials, or Surroundings (imp:3.58 lvl:2.12) — Monitoring and reviewing information from materials, events, or the environment,
  Resolving Conflicts and Negotiating with Others (imp:3.58 lvl:3.29) — Handling complaints, settling disputes, and resolving grievances and conflicts, 
  Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Materials (imp:3.45 lvl:1.49) — Inspecting equipment, structures, or materials to identify the cause of errors o
  Assisting and Caring for Others (imp:3.32 lvl:3.13) — Providing personal assistance, medical attention, emotional support, or other pe
  Handling and Moving Objects (imp:3.22 lvl:3.55) — Using hands and arms in handling, installing, positioning, and moving materials,
  Making Decisions and Solving Problems (imp:3.20 lvl:2.00) — Analyzing information and evaluating results to choose the best solution and sol
  Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates (imp:3.17 lvl:2.71) — Providing information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone,
  Coordinating the Work and Activities of Others (imp:3.17 lvl:2.80) — Getting members of a group to work together to accomplish tasks.
  Estimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or Information (imp:3.11 lvl:1.84) — Estimating sizes, distances, and quantities; or determining time, costs, resourc
  Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work (imp:2.84 lvl:2.86) — Developing specific goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and accomplish your
  Communicating with People Outside the Organization (imp:2.83 lvl:3.43) — Communicating with people outside the organization, representing the organizatio
  Coaching and Developing Others (imp:2.79 lvl:3.10) — Identifying the developmental needs of others and coaching, mentoring, or otherw
  Selling or Influencing Others (imp:2.77 lvl:2.87) — Convincing others to buy merchandise/goods or to otherwise change their minds or
  Training and Teaching Others (imp:2.77 lvl:2.54) — Identifying the educational needs of others, developing formal educational or tr
  Processing Information (imp:2.74 lvl:2.45) — Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, or verifying
  Controlling Machines and Processes (imp:2.74 lvl:1.76) — Using either control mechanisms or direct physical activity to operate machines 
  Developing and Building Teams (imp:2.67 lvl:2.10) — Encouraging and building mutual trust, respect, and cooperation among team membe
  Documenting/Recording Information (imp:2.61 lvl:1.47) — Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining information in writte
  Evaluating Information to Determine Compliance with Standards (imp:2.59 lvl:2.17) — Using relevant information and individual judgment to determine whether events o
  Analyzing Data or Information (imp:2.57 lvl:1.18) — Identifying the underlying principles, reasons, or facts of information by break
  Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge (imp:2.56 lvl:2.03) — Keeping up-to-date technically and applying new knowledge to your job.
  Monitoring and Controlling Resources (imp:2.42 lvl:1.97) — Monitoring and controlling resources and overseeing the spending of money.
  Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others (imp:2.22 lvl:1.77) — Translating or explaining what information means and how it can be used.
  Guiding, Directing, and Motivating Subordinates (imp:2.19 lvl:1.30) — Providing guidance and direction to subordinates, including setting performance 
  Thinking Creatively (imp:2.15 lvl:1.88) — Developing, designing, or creating new applications, ideas, relationships, syste
  Developing Objectives and Strategies (imp:2.15 lvl:1.51) — Establishing long-range objectives and specifying the strategies and actions to 
  Providing Consultation and Advice to Others (imp:2.14 lvl:2.00) — Providing guidance and expert advice to management or other groups on technical,
  Working with Computers (imp:2.09 lvl:1.62) — Using computers and computer systems (including hardware and software) to progra
  Scheduling Work and Activities (imp:2.01 lvl:1.23) — Scheduling events, programs, and activities, as well as the work of others.
  Staffing Organizational Units (imp:1.93 lvl:1.20) — Recruiting, interviewing, selecting, hiring, and promoting employees in an organ
  Repairing and Maintaining Electronic Equipment (imp:1.75) — Servicing, repairing, calibrating, regulating, fine-tuning, or testing machines,
  Performing Administrative Activities (imp:1.64) — Performing day-to-day administrative tasks such as maintaining information files
  Drafting, Laying Out, and Specifying Technical Devices, Parts, and Equipment (imp:1.55 lvl:0.86) — Providing documentation, detailed instructions, drawings, or specifications to t
  Operating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or Equipment (imp:1.34) — Running, maneuvering, navigating, or driving vehicles or mechanized equipment, s
  Repairing and Maintaining Mechanical Equipment (imp:1.33) — Servicing, repairing, adjusting, and testing machines, devices, moving parts, an

--- WORK STYLES ---
  Dependability (imp:4.00) — A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related o
  Cooperation (imp:3.00) — A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
  Cooperation (imp:2.51) — A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
  Social Orientation (imp:2.45) — A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
  Optimism (imp:2.14) — A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even un
  Dependability (imp:2.06) — A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related o
  Social Orientation (imp:2.00) — A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
  Empathy (imp:1.83) — A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feel
  Self-Control (imp:1.63) — A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in res
  Sincerity (imp:1.55) — A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, withou
  Attention to Detail (imp:1.40) — A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
  Stress Tolerance (imp:1.27) — A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
  Self-Confidence (imp:1.18) — A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control 
  Adaptability (imp:1.14) — A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas 
  Humility (imp:1.12) — A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
  Integrity (imp:1.06) — A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
  Optimism (imp:1.00) — A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even un
  Initiative (imp:0.97) — A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may
  Achievement Orientation (imp:0.62) — A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, 
  Perseverance (imp:0.55) — A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in 
  Tolerance for Ambiguity (imp:0.41) — A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
  Leadership Orientation (imp:0.25) — A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
  Cautiousness (imp:0.24) — A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related
  Innovation () — A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on 
  Achievement Orientation () — A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, 
  Intellectual Curiosity () — A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep 
  Tolerance for Ambiguity () — A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
  Initiative () — A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may
  Adaptability () — A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas 
  Self-Confidence () — A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control 
  Perseverance () — A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in 
  Leadership Orientation () — A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
  Humility () — A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
  Sincerity () — A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, withou
  Empathy () — A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feel
  Cautiousness () — A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related
  Attention to Detail () — A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
  Integrity () — A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
  Stress Tolerance () — A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
  Self-Control () — A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in res
  Intellectual Curiosity (imp:-0.32) — A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep 
  Innovation (imp:-0.47) — A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on 

--- TRANSFERABLE SKILLS ---
  Service Orientation (imp:3.12 lvl:3.00) — Actively looking for ways to help people.
  Social Perceptiveness (imp:3.00 lvl:2.88) — Being aware of others' reactions and understanding why they react as they do.
  Coordination (imp:2.88 lvl:2.88) — Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions.
  Persuasion (imp:2.62 lvl:2.62) — Persuading others to change their minds or behavior.
  Negotiation (imp:2.62 lvl:2.50) — Bringing others together and trying to reconcile differences.
  Time Management (imp:2.62 lvl:2.12) — Managing one's own time and the time of others.
  Instructing (imp:2.38 lvl:2.00) — Teaching others how to do something.
  Judgment and Decision Making (imp:2.12 lvl:2.00) — Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential actions to choose the m
  Quality Control Analysis (imp:2.00 lvl:1.00) — Conducting tests and inspections of products, services, or processes to evaluate
  Systems Analysis (imp:2.00 lvl:1.75) — Determining how a system should work and how changes in conditions, operations, 
  Management of Personnel Resources (imp:2.00 lvl:2.00) — Motivating, developing, and directing people as they work, identifying the best 
  Complex Problem Solving (imp:1.88 lvl:1.62) — Identifying complex problems and reviewing related information to develop and ev
  Systems Evaluation (imp:1.88 lvl:1.38) — Identifying measures or indicators of system performance and the actions needed 
  Operations Monitoring (imp:1.75 lvl:0.75) — Watching gauges, dials, or other indicators to make sure a machine is working pr
  Operation and Control (imp:1.25 lvl:0.25) — Controlling operations of equipment or systems.
  Troubleshooting (imp:1.25 lvl:0.25) — Determining causes of operating errors and deciding what to do about it.
  Management of Financial Resources (imp:1.12 lvl:0.12) — Determining how money will be spent to get the work done, and accounting for the
  Management of Material Resources (imp:1.12 lvl:0.12) — Obtaining and seeing to the appropriate use of equipment, facilities, and materi
  Operations Analysis (imp:1.00) — Analyzing needs and product requirements to create a design.
  Technology Design (imp:1.00) — Generating or adapting equipment and technology to serve user needs.
  Equipment Selection (imp:1.00) — Determining the kind of tools and equipment needed to do a job.
  Installation (imp:1.00) — Installing equipment, machines, wiring, or programs to meet specifications.
  Programming (imp:1.00) — Writing computer programs for various purposes.
  Equipment Maintenance (imp:1.00) — Performing routine maintenance on equipment and determining when and what kind o
  Repairing (imp:1.00) — Repairing machines or systems using the needed tools.
BLS OEWS May 2025 — 432,690 employed nationally bls.gov/oes ↗ · Public Domain · US Government · retrieved 2026-06-02
--- NATIONAL WAGES ---
  total_employment : 432,690
  annual_median    : $31,200
  annual_pct10     : $22,340
  annual_pct25     : $27,570
  annual_pct75     : $36,250
  annual_pct90     : $43,990
  annual_mean      : $32,690
  hourly_median    : $15.00

--- GEOGRAPHIC DISPERSION ---
  highest_state    : Hawaii ($47,070)
  lowest_state     : Guam ($20,450)
  dispersion_ratio : 2.302x

--- TOP STATES BY WAGE (54 total) ---
  Accommodation and Food Services          emp:  410,390  median: $  31,200
  Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation      emp:   11,150  median: $  33,330
  Health Care and Social Assistance        emp:    3,730  median: $  39,390
  Manufacturing                            emp:    2,520  median: $  34,320
  Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services emp:    1,290  median: $  31,840
  Retail Trade                             emp:      840  median: $  31,820
  Other Services (except Public Administration) emp:      770  median: $  33,490
  Transportation and Warehousing           emp:      440  median: $  40,090
  Federal, State, and Local Government, excluding State and Local Government Schools and Hospitals and the U.S. Postal Service (OEWS Designation) emp:      330  median: $  30,580
  Information                              emp:      240  median: $  32,710

--- TOP INDUSTRIES BY EMPLOYMENT (13 total) ---
  Accommodation and Food Services          emp:  410,390  median: $  31,200
  Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation      emp:   11,150  median: $  33,330
  Health Care and Social Assistance        emp:    3,730  median: $  39,390
  Manufacturing                            emp:    2,520  median: $  34,320
  Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services emp:    1,290  median: $  31,840
  Retail Trade                             emp:      840  median: $  31,820
  Other Services (except Public Administration) emp:      770  median: $  33,490
  Transportation and Warehousing           emp:      440  median: $  40,090
  Federal, State, and Local Government, excluding State and Local Government Schools and Hospitals and the U.S. Postal Service (OEWS Designation) emp:      330  median: $  30,580
  Information                              emp:      240  median: $  32,710
Wikipedia — no exact match (0 words) N/A ↗ · CC BY-SA 4.0
exact_match_status : no_exact_match
matched_title      : N/A
match_score        : 0.0000
wikidata_qid       : N/A
word_count         : 0
wikipedia_url      : N/A
license            : CC BY-SA 4.0
fetched_at         : 2026-06-02T22:05:53.472583Z

--- SEMANTIC NEIGHBORS (5) ---

  Title: Minimum wage in the United States (similarity: 0.1573)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minimum_wage_in_the_United_States
  QID: Q6865497
  Extract: In the United States, the minimum wage is set by federal U.S. labor law and a range of state and local laws. The first federal minimum wage was instituted in the National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933, signed into law by President Franklin D. Roosevelt, but later found to be unconstitutional. In 1

  Title: List of bakeries (similarity: 0.1667)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_bakeries
  QID: Q18348425
  Extract: This is a list of notable bakeries. A bakery is an establishment that produces and sells flour-based food baked in an oven such as bread, cakes, pastries, and pies. Some retail bakeries are also cafés, serving coffee and tea to customers who wish to consume the baked goods on the premises.

  Title: Barbie's careers (similarity: 0.1667)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbie's_careers
  QID: Q4859656
  Extract: 
Since Barbie's introduction as a teenage fashion model in 1959, the doll has been portrayed with many careers. Dolls are sold with sets of clothes and accessories that fit the career being portrayed. For example, the Lifeguard Barbie playset includes a Barbie, an outfit with shoes, a lifeguard chai

  Title: INK Entertainment (similarity: 0.2466)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/INK_Entertainment
  QID: Q5972336
  Extract: INK Entertainment is a hospitality and entertainment company headquartered in Toronto, Canada. The company maintains various properties, primarily nightclubs and restaurants. Additionally, INK Entertainment operates a country club, two annual music festivals, two talent agencies. The Bisha Hotel & R

  Title: Jimmy Buffett (similarity: 0.1449)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jimmy_Buffett
  QID: Q726071
  Extract: James William Buffett was an American singer-songwriter, author, and businessperson. He was known for his tropical music sound blending country, rock, folk, calypso, and his persona, which often portrayed a lifestyle described as "island escapism." It promoted enjoying life and following passions. B
Claude Inference — claude-sonnet-4-20250514 · confidence:high · $0.0429 inferred_at: 2026-06-03T21:04:04 UTC · Boise Standard inference pipeline v1.0
model_pass1          : claude-sonnet-4-20250514
model_pass2          : claude-haiku-4-5-20251001
inference_confidence : high
confidence_notes     : Strong O*NET data with detailed task descriptions, comprehensive wage data from BLS OEWS May 2025, and clear occupational definition with substantial employment base (432,690 workers).
inferred_at          : 2026-06-03T21:04:04.385951+00:00
tokens_input         : 4,532
tokens_output        : 4,028
cost_usd             : $0.042943
wikipedia_used       : False
wikipedia_title      : None
wikipedia_note       : No exact Wikipedia match found for this occupation. The semantic neighbors focus on broader hospitality industry concepts rather than the specific host/hostess role.

--- PROSE FIELDS ---

ROLE SUMMARY:
Hosts and hostesses serve as the welcoming face of restaurants, lounges, and coffee shops, greeting patrons and coordinating their seating arrangements. They act as communication liaisons between customers, management, and service staff to ensure smooth dining operations. This customer-facing role combines hospitality skills with operational coordination responsibilities in food service establishments.

DAY IN THE LIFE:
A typical day begins with greeting guests warmly, checking reservations, and managing waiting lists during busy periods. Throughout shifts, they seat customers at appropriate tables, provide menus, and inform patrons about daily specials or establishment features. They coordinate with kitchen and serving staff to communicate dining details and special requests, while monitoring dining room flow to optimize table turnover. Additional responsibilities include answering phone calls for reservations or inquiries, supervising dining room staff activities, and maintaining facility standards by inspecting and cleaning restrooms when necessary.

WHO THRIVES:
Individuals with strong social orientation and excellent interpersonal skills excel in this role, as establishing and maintaining relationships with customers is paramount. Those who are naturally dependable, cooperative, and maintain an optimistic demeanor handle the fast-paced, customer-focused environment effectively. Strong oral communication abilities, both in comprehension and expression, are essential for clear customer interactions and staff coordination. People who enjoy working directly with the public and can remain calm while resolving conflicts or managing customer complaints find satisfaction in this hospitality-centered position.

CAREER ENTRY:
Most positions require minimal formal education, with 42% of workers having less than a high school diploma and 29.2% holding a high school diploma or equivalent. Previous customer service experience is valued but not always required, as many establishments provide on-the-job training. Entry-level candidates benefit from demonstrating strong communication skills, reliability, and a positive attitude during interviews.

CAREER TRAJECTORY:
This role often serves as an entry point into food service management, with advancement opportunities to dining room supervisor, assistant manager, or restaurant manager positions. Experience gained in customer service, staff coordination, and operational oversight provides transferable skills for broader hospitality careers. Some hosts transition to serving positions for higher earning potential or move into hotel front desk roles leveraging their customer service expertise.

MARKET INTELLIGENCE:
The occupation employs 432,690 workers nationwide with a median annual wage of $31,200 according to BLS OEWS May 2025 data. Geographic wage variation is significant, ranging from $20,450 in Guam to $47,070 in Hawaii, representing a 2.30x ratio difference. The vast majority of positions (94.8%) are concentrated in accommodation and food services industries, with smaller representation in entertainment and healthcare sectors. Employment demand remains steady due to consistent turnover in food service establishments and the essential nature of customer greeting functions in hospitality operations.

AUTOMATION OUTLOOK:
This role has moderate resistance to automation due to the high importance of establishing and maintaining interpersonal relationships and performing for or working directly with the public. While reservation systems and digital check-in processes may streamline some administrative tasks, the personal touch required for greeting guests, handling special requests, and resolving customer conflicts requires human emotional intelligence and adaptability that current technology cannot fully replicate.

--- REASONED EDGES ---
  [career_pathway] Waiters and Waitresses (35-3031.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Natural progression from host role with overlapping customer service skills and food service knowledge.
    data: Customer and Personal Service knowledge (imp:4.5)
    data: Performing for or Working Directly with the Public (imp:3.6)
  [skill_overlap] Hotel, Motel, and Resort Desk Clerks (43-4081.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Shared emphasis on greeting guests, customer service orientation, and facility coordination responsibilities.
    data: Social Orientation work style (imp:2.5)
    data: Oral Expression ability (imp:4.0)
  [riasec_cluster] Bartenders (35-3011.00) — confidence:medium
    reasoning: Both roles emphasize social interaction (S:5.24) and customer service in hospitality environments.
    data: Social RIASEC score 5.24
    data: Customer and Personal Service knowledge (imp:4.5)
  [task_similarity] Dining Room and Cafeteria Attendants and Bartender Helpers (35-9011.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Overlapping responsibilities in dining room operations and customer assistance functions.
    data: Supervise and coordinate activities of dining room staff
    data: Food Production knowledge (imp:3.0)
  [transferable_skill] Fast Food and Counter Workers (35-3023.00) — confidence:medium
    reasoning: Shared customer interaction skills and food service environment experience with similar wage bands.
    data: Service Orientation transferable skill (imp:3.1)
    data: Job Zone 2 classification

--- NORMALIZER SIGNALS ---
  match_keywords   : ['host', 'hostess', 'restaurant host', 'dining room host', 'greeter', 'front desk host', 'hospitality coordinator', 'seating coordinator']
  exclude_keywords : ['server', 'waiter', 'bartender', 'manager', 'cook']
  title_patterns   : ['*host*', '*hostess*', '*greeter*', '*coordinator*', '*hospitality*']
  common_variations: ['restaurant hostess', 'dining coordinator', 'bar host', 'breakfast host', 'buffet hostess', 'deli host', 'front desk hostess', 'host coordinator']
Semantic Manifold — 40 terms · 5 provenance layers employment_word_extractor.py · sources: onet_tasks | onet_dimensions | dwas | wikipedia | inference · Constitutional Law III
total_terms    : 40
top_words      : ['tendency', 'others', 'equipment', 'food', 'customers', 'principles', 'service', 'customer', 'includes', 'activities', 'standards', 'control', 'objects', 'dining', 'staff', 'materials', 'ideas', 'management', 'techniques', 'resources']
source_layers  : onet_tasks | onet_dimensions | dwas | wikipedia | inference

TERM                    COUNT     FREQ  DOMINANT SOURCE      SOURCE BREAKDOWN
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
tendency                   42  0.01508  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
others                     39  0.01400  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:97%  wikipedia:3%
equipment                  27  0.00970  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:85%  dwas:11%  onet_tasks:4%
food                       19  0.00682  dwas                 dwas:42%  onet_tasks:21%  inference:21%
customers                  17  0.00610  dwas                 dwas:47%  onet_dimensions:18%  inference:18%
principles                 16  0.00575  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
service                    15  0.00539  inference            inference:47%  onet_tasks:20%  dwas:20%
customer                   15  0.00539  inference            inference:60%  onet_dimensions:27%  dwas:13%
includes                   14  0.00503  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:86%  wikipedia:14%
activities                 13  0.00467  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:69%  dwas:15%  onet_tasks:8%
standards                  12  0.00431  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:67%  dwas:17%  wikipedia:8%
control                    12  0.00431  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
objects                    12  0.00431  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
dining                     11  0.00395  inference            inference:45%  onet_tasks:36%  dwas:18%
staff                      11  0.00395  onet_tasks           onet_tasks:45%  inference:45%  dwas:9%
materials                  11  0.00395  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:91%  dwas:9%
ideas                      11  0.00395  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
management                 10  0.00359  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:70%  inference:20%  onet_tasks:10%
techniques                 10  0.00359  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
resources                  10  0.00359  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:90%  dwas:10%
operations                 10  0.00359  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:60%  dwas:20%  inference:20%
body                       10  0.00359  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
orientation                10  0.00359  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:90%  inference:10%
needs                       9  0.00323  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:89%  onet_tasks:11%
monitoring                  9  0.00323  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:89%  inference:11%
problems                    9  0.00323  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
production                  9  0.00323  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:89%  dwas:11%
human                       9  0.00323  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:78%  dwas:11%  inference:11%
quickly                     9  0.00323  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
performing                  9  0.00323  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:89%  inference:11%
maintaining                 9  0.00323  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:67%  inference:33%
patrons                     8  0.00287  onet_tasks           onet_tasks:75%  inference:25%
services                    8  0.00287  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:75%  onet_tasks:12%  inference:12%
serving                     8  0.00287  onet_tasks           onet_tasks:50%  inference:25%  onet_dimensions:12%
procedures                  8  0.00287  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
rules                       8  0.00287  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
events                      8  0.00287  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
actions                     8  0.00287  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
developing                  8  0.00287  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
identifying                 8  0.00287  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
◈ Boise Standard Employment Graph · 35-9031.00 · built 2026-06-02 · Sources declared above are authoritative originals. This page synthesizes but does not replace them. Every claim traceable. Full provenance. Constitutional Law I.
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