[Core] [66% incumbents] Clean and sterilize scissors, combs, clippers, and other instruments.
  DWAs: Clean tools or equipment.

[Core] [66% incumbents] Shape and trim beards and moustaches, using scissors.
  DWAs: Trim client hair.

[Core] [66% incumbents] Perform clerical and administrative duties such as keeping records, paying bills, and hiring and supervising personnel.
  DWAs: Supervise service workers. | Perform administrative or clerical tasks. | Perform human resources activities.

[Core] [66% incumbents] Stay informed of the latest styles and hair care techniques.
  DWAs: Maintain professional knowledge or certifications.

[Core] [65% incumbents] Drape and pin protective cloths around customers' shoulders.
  DWAs: Apply protective coverings to objects or surfaces near work areas.

[Core] [65% incumbents] Cut and trim hair according to clients' instructions or current hairstyles, using clippers, combs, hand-held blow driers, and scissors.
  DWAs: Trim client hair.

[Core] [65% incumbents] Question patrons regarding desired services and haircut styles.
  DWAs: Discuss service options or needs with clients.

[Core] [65% incumbents] Clean work stations and sweep floors.
  DWAs: Clean facilities or work areas.

[Core] [65% incumbents] Apply lather and shave beards or neck and temple hair contours, using razors.
  DWAs: Trim client hair.

[Core] [65% incumbents] Record services provided on cashiers' tickets or receive payment from customers.
  DWAs: Maintain financial or account records.

[Core] [65% incumbents] Suggest treatments to alleviate hair problems.
  DWAs: Provide medical or cosmetic advice for clients.

[Core] [65% incumbents] Shampoo hair.
  DWAs: Apply cleansing or conditioning agents to client hair, scalp, or skin.

[Supplemental] [65% incumbents] Keep card files on clientele, recording notes of work done, products used and fees charged after each visit.
  DWAs: Maintain client information or service records.

[Supplemental] [65% incumbents] Curl, color, or straighten hair, using special chemical solutions and equipment.
  DWAs: Apply solutions to hair for therapeutic or cosmetic purposes.

[Supplemental] [65% incumbents] Provide face, neck, and scalp massages.
  DWAs: Administer therapeutic massages.

[Core] [64% incumbents] Order supplies.
  DWAs: Order materials, supplies, or equipment.

[Core] [64% incumbents] Recommend and sell lotions, tonics, or other cosmetic supplies.
  DWAs: Sell products or services. | Promote products, services, or programs.

[Supplemental] [64% incumbents] Provide skin care and nail treatments.
  DWAs: Treat nails by shaping, decorating, or augmenting. | Apply cleansing or conditioning agents to client hair, scalp, or skin.

--- SKILLS ---
  Active Listening (imp:3.38 lvl:3.00) — Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand
  Speaking (imp:3.12 lvl:2.75) — Talking to others to convey information effectively.
  Critical Thinking (imp:2.88 lvl:2.75) — Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternativ
  Monitoring (imp:2.88 lvl:2.75) — Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or organization
  Reading Comprehension (imp:2.75 lvl:2.12) — Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work-related documents.
  Active Learning (imp:2.50 lvl:2.50) — Understanding the implications of new information for both current and future pr
  Writing (imp:2.00 lvl:2.00) — Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the audienc
  Mathematics (imp:1.88 lvl:1.12) — Using mathematics to solve problems.
  Learning Strategies (imp:1.88 lvl:1.62) — Selecting and using training/instructional methods and procedures appropriate fo
  Science (imp:1.25 lvl:0.25) — Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems.

--- KNOWLEDGE ---
  Customer and Personal Service (imp:4.42 lvl:4.10) — Knowledge of principles and processes for providing customer and personal servic
  Administration and Management (imp:3.16 lvl:2.65) — Knowledge of business and management principles involved in strategic planning, 
  English Language (imp:3.14 lvl:3.26) — Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the mea
  Economics and Accounting (imp:3.03 lvl:2.22) — Knowledge of economic and accounting principles and practices, the financial mar
  Psychology (imp:3.00 lvl:3.14) — Knowledge of human behavior and performance; individual differences in ability, 
  Mathematics (imp:2.82 lvl:2.42) — Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their appl
  Production and Processing (imp:2.71 lvl:2.93) — Knowledge of raw materials, production processes, quality control, costs, and ot
  Sales and Marketing (imp:2.65 lvl:2.33) — Knowledge of principles and methods for showing, promoting, and selling products
  Education and Training (imp:2.56 lvl:2.38) — Knowledge of principles and methods for curriculum and training design, teaching
  Administrative (imp:2.40 lvl:2.40) — Knowledge of administrative and office procedures and systems such as word proce
  Public Safety and Security (imp:2.39 lvl:2.07) — Knowledge of relevant equipment, policies, procedures, and strategies to promote
  Design (imp:2.37 lvl:1.74) — Knowledge of design techniques, tools, and principles involved in production of 
  Chemistry (imp:2.31 lvl:2.32) — Knowledge of the chemical composition, structure, and properties of substances a
  Communications and Media (imp:2.30 lvl:2.49) — Knowledge of media production, communication, and dissemination techniques and m
  Law and Government (imp:2.27 lvl:1.79) — Knowledge of laws, legal codes, court procedures, precedents, government regulat
  Personnel and Human Resources (imp:2.24 lvl:1.91) — Knowledge of principles and procedures for personnel recruitment, selection, tra
  Computers and Electronics (imp:2.17) — Knowledge of circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and comput
  Mechanical (imp:2.11 lvl:1.79) — Knowledge of machines and tools, including their designs, uses, repair, and main
  Transportation (imp:1.96) — Knowledge of principles and methods for moving people or goods by air, rail, sea
  Telecommunications (imp:1.86) — Knowledge of transmission, broadcasting, switching, control, and operation of te
  Therapy and Counseling (imp:1.71 lvl:1.36) — Knowledge of principles, methods, and procedures for diagnosis, treatment, and r
  Foreign Language (imp:1.68 lvl:0.70) — Knowledge of the structure and content of a foreign (non-English) language inclu
  Engineering and Technology (imp:1.61) — Knowledge of the practical application of engineering science and technology. Th
  Biology (imp:1.46) — Knowledge of plant and animal organisms, their tissues, cells, functions, interd
  Food Production (imp:1.45) — Knowledge of techniques and equipment for planting, growing, and harvesting food
  Geography (imp:1.27) — Knowledge of principles and methods for describing the features of land, sea, an
  Fine Arts (imp:1.27) — Knowledge of the theory and techniques required to compose, produce, and perform
  Medicine and Dentistry (imp:1.25) — Knowledge of the information and techniques needed to diagnose and treat human i
  Physics (imp:1.23) — Knowledge and prediction of physical principles, laws, their interrelationships,
  Philosophy and Theology (imp:1.16) — Knowledge of different philosophical systems and religions. This includes their 
  Sociology and Anthropology (imp:1.10) — Knowledge of group behavior and dynamics, societal trends and influences, human 
  History and Archeology (imp:1.07) — Knowledge of historical events and their causes, indicators, and effects on civi
  Building and Construction (imp:1.00) — Knowledge of materials, methods, and the tools involved in the construction or r

--- ABILITIES ---
  Arm-Hand Steadiness (imp:3.88 lvl:3.50) — The ability to keep your hand and arm steady while moving your arm or while hold
  Oral Comprehension (imp:3.62 lvl:3.38) — The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through 
  Near Vision (imp:3.62 lvl:3.25) — The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the observer).
  Manual Dexterity (imp:3.38 lvl:3.00) — The ability to quickly move your hand, your hand together with your arm, or your
  Finger Dexterity (imp:3.38 lvl:3.12) — The ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the fingers of one or bot
  Oral Expression (imp:3.25 lvl:3.38) — The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will unde
  Speech Recognition (imp:3.25 lvl:3.12) — The ability to identify and understand the speech of another person.
  Selective Attention (imp:3.12 lvl:3.00) — The ability to concentrate on a task over a period of time without being distrac
  Speech Clarity (imp:3.12 lvl:2.62) — The ability to speak clearly so others can understand you.
  Problem Sensitivity (imp:3.00 lvl:2.88) — The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does no
  Visualization (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to imagine how something will look after it is moved around or when 
  Control Precision (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to quickly and repeatedly adjust the controls of a machine or a vehi
  Trunk Strength (imp:3.00 lvl:2.88) — The ability to use your abdominal and lower back muscles to support part of the 
  Deductive Reasoning (imp:2.88 lvl:2.88) — The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that 
  Written Comprehension (imp:2.75 lvl:2.88) — The ability to read and understand information and ideas presented in writing.
  Fluency of Ideas (imp:2.75 lvl:2.25) — The ability to come up with a number of ideas about a topic (the number of ideas
  Inductive Reasoning (imp:2.75 lvl:2.88) — The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusion
  Information Ordering (imp:2.75 lvl:2.38) — The ability to arrange things or actions in a certain order or pattern according
  Time Sharing (imp:2.75 lvl:2.25) — The ability to shift back and forth between two or more activities or sources of
  Originality (imp:2.50 lvl:2.62) — The ability to come up with unusual or clever ideas about a given topic or situa
  Visual Color Discrimination (imp:2.50 lvl:2.38) — The ability to match or detect differences between colors, including shades of c
  Multilimb Coordination (imp:2.38 lvl:2.38) — The ability to coordinate two or more limbs (for example, two arms, two legs, or
  Written Expression (imp:2.25 lvl:2.00) — The ability to communicate information and ideas in writing so others will under
  Category Flexibility (imp:2.25 lvl:2.12) — The ability to generate or use different sets of rules for combining or grouping
  Wrist-Finger Speed (imp:2.25 lvl:2.00) — The ability to make fast, simple, repeated movements of the fingers, hands, and 
  Dynamic Strength (imp:2.25 lvl:2.00) — The ability to exert muscle force repeatedly or continuously over time. This inv
  Extent Flexibility (imp:2.25 lvl:1.38) — The ability to bend, stretch, twist, or reach with your body, arms, and/or legs.
  Stamina (imp:2.12 lvl:1.12) — The ability to exert yourself physically over long periods of time without getti
  Far Vision (imp:2.12 lvl:1.50) — The ability to see details at a distance.
  Depth Perception (imp:2.12 lvl:1.25) — The ability to judge which of several objects is closer or farther away from you
  Memorization (imp:2.00 lvl:1.50) — The ability to remember information such as words, numbers, pictures, and proced
  Flexibility of Closure (imp:2.00 lvl:2.00) — The ability to identify or detect a known pattern (a figure, object, word, or so
  Perceptual Speed (imp:2.00 lvl:1.38) — The ability to quickly and accurately compare similarities and differences among
  Auditory Attention (imp:2.00 lvl:1.62) — The ability to focus on a single source of sound in the presence of other distra
  Number Facility (imp:1.88 lvl:1.25) — The ability to add, subtract, multiply, or divide quickly and correctly.
  Speed of Closure (imp:1.88 lvl:1.62) — The ability to quickly make sense of, combine, and organize information into mea
  Static Strength (imp:1.88 lvl:1.00) — The ability to exert maximum muscle force to lift, push, pull, or carry objects.
  Mathematical Reasoning (imp:1.75 lvl:0.88) — The ability to choose the right mathematical methods or formulas to solve a prob
  Hearing Sensitivity (imp:1.75 lvl:0.88) — The ability to detect or tell the differences between sounds that vary in pitch 
  Gross Body Coordination (imp:1.62 lvl:0.62) — The ability to coordinate the movement of your arms, legs, and torso together wh
  Gross Body Equilibrium (imp:1.62 lvl:0.75) — The ability to keep or regain your body balance or stay upright when in an unsta
  Reaction Time (imp:1.50 lvl:0.50) — The ability to quickly respond (with the hand, finger, or foot) to a signal (sou
  Rate Control (imp:1.38 lvl:0.38) — The ability to time your movements or the movement of a piece of equipment in an
  Response Orientation (imp:1.25 lvl:0.25) — The ability to choose quickly between two or more movements in response to two o
  Explosive Strength (imp:1.25 lvl:0.25) — The ability to use short bursts of muscle force to propel oneself (as in jumping
  Dynamic Flexibility (imp:1.12 lvl:0.12) — The ability to quickly and repeatedly bend, stretch, twist, or reach out with yo
  Spatial Orientation (imp:1.00) — The ability to know your location in relation to the environment or to know wher
  Speed of Limb Movement (imp:1.00) — The ability to quickly move the arms and legs.
  Night Vision (imp:1.00) — The ability to see under low-light conditions.
  Peripheral Vision (imp:1.00) — The ability to see objects or movement of objects to one's side when the eyes ar
  Glare Sensitivity (imp:1.00) — The ability to see objects in the presence of a glare or bright lighting.
  Sound Localization (imp:1.00) — The ability to tell the direction from which a sound originated.

--- WORK ACTIVITIES ---
  Performing for or Working Directly with the Public (imp:4.67 lvl:5.28) — Performing for people or dealing directly with the public. This includes serving
  Thinking Creatively (imp:3.88 lvl:4.45) — Developing, designing, or creating new applications, ideas, relationships, syste
  Performing General Physical Activities (imp:3.85 lvl:3.28) — Performing general physical activities includes doing activities that require co
  Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships (imp:3.75 lvl:5.27) — Developing constructive and cooperative working relationships with others, and m
  Assisting and Caring for Others (imp:3.46 lvl:3.65) — Providing personal assistance, medical attention, emotional support, or other pe
  Handling and Moving Objects (imp:3.45 lvl:3.69) — Using hands and arms in handling, installing, positioning, and moving materials,
  Making Decisions and Solving Problems (imp:3.39 lvl:3.91) — Analyzing information and evaluating results to choose the best solution and sol
  Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge (imp:3.27 lvl:3.91) — Keeping up-to-date technically and applying new knowledge to your job.
  Judging the Qualities of Objects, Services, or People (imp:3.21 lvl:3.26) — Assessing the value, importance, or quality of things or people.
  Evaluating Information to Determine Compliance with Standards (imp:3.20 lvl:2.88) — Using relevant information and individual judgment to determine whether events o
  Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Materials (imp:3.13 lvl:2.62) — Inspecting equipment, structures, or materials to identify the cause of errors o
  Communicating with People Outside the Organization (imp:3.06 lvl:3.51) — Communicating with people outside the organization, representing the organizatio
  Scheduling Work and Activities (imp:3.03 lvl:3.10) — Scheduling events, programs, and activities, as well as the work of others.
  Getting Information (imp:3.02 lvl:2.84) — Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from all relevant sour
  Controlling Machines and Processes (imp:2.93 lvl:3.01) — Using either control mechanisms or direct physical activity to operate machines 
  Resolving Conflicts and Negotiating with Others (imp:2.79 lvl:2.60) — Handling complaints, settling disputes, and resolving grievances and conflicts, 
  Processing Information (imp:2.75 lvl:2.98) — Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, or verifying
  Repairing and Maintaining Mechanical Equipment (imp:2.68 lvl:2.24) — Servicing, repairing, adjusting, and testing machines, devices, moving parts, an
  Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events (imp:2.64 lvl:2.24) — Identifying information by categorizing, estimating, recognizing differences or 
  Monitoring Processes, Materials, or Surroundings (imp:2.61 lvl:2.30) — Monitoring and reviewing information from materials, events, or the environment,
  Estimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or Information (imp:2.59 lvl:1.90) — Estimating sizes, distances, and quantities; or determining time, costs, resourc
  Repairing and Maintaining Electronic Equipment (imp:2.58 lvl:2.53) — Servicing, repairing, calibrating, regulating, fine-tuning, or testing machines,
  Developing Objectives and Strategies (imp:2.56 lvl:2.63) — Establishing long-range objectives and specifying the strategies and actions to 
  Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work (imp:2.52 lvl:2.75) — Developing specific goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and accomplish your
  Coordinating the Work and Activities of Others (imp:2.51 lvl:1.99) — Getting members of a group to work together to accomplish tasks.
  Analyzing Data or Information (imp:2.44 lvl:2.35) — Identifying the underlying principles, reasons, or facts of information by break
  Providing Consultation and Advice to Others (imp:2.41 lvl:1.91) — Providing guidance and expert advice to management or other groups on technical,
  Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates (imp:2.35 lvl:1.87) — Providing information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone,
  Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others (imp:2.27 lvl:1.66) — Translating or explaining what information means and how it can be used.
  Selling or Influencing Others (imp:2.27 lvl:2.52) — Convincing others to buy merchandise/goods or to otherwise change their minds or
  Developing and Building Teams (imp:2.22 lvl:2.01) — Encouraging and building mutual trust, respect, and cooperation among team membe
  Monitoring and Controlling Resources (imp:2.11 lvl:1.82) — Monitoring and controlling resources and overseeing the spending of money.
  Training and Teaching Others (imp:2.08 lvl:1.46) — Identifying the educational needs of others, developing formal educational or tr
  Coaching and Developing Others (imp:1.96 lvl:1.37) — Identifying the developmental needs of others and coaching, mentoring, or otherw
  Guiding, Directing, and Motivating Subordinates (imp:1.89 lvl:1.37) — Providing guidance and direction to subordinates, including setting performance 
  Staffing Organizational Units (imp:1.74) — Recruiting, interviewing, selecting, hiring, and promoting employees in an organ
  Documenting/Recording Information (imp:1.71 lvl:1.00) — Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining information in writte
  Performing Administrative Activities (imp:1.67 lvl:1.24) — Performing day-to-day administrative tasks such as maintaining information files
  Operating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or Equipment (imp:1.49) — Running, maneuvering, navigating, or driving vehicles or mechanized equipment, s
  Working with Computers (imp:1.43 lvl:0.56) — Using computers and computer systems (including hardware and software) to progra
  Drafting, Laying Out, and Specifying Technical Devices, Parts, and Equipment (imp:1.25) — Providing documentation, detailed instructions, drawings, or specifications to t

--- WORK STYLES ---
  Social Orientation (imp:2.26) — A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
  Dependability (imp:2.03) — A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related o
  Dependability (imp:2.00) — A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related o
  Cooperation (imp:1.88) — A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
  Attention to Detail (imp:1.86) — A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
  Optimism (imp:1.53) — A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even un
  Empathy (imp:1.43) — A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feel
  Sincerity (imp:1.39) — A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, withou
  Self-Control (imp:1.31) — A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in res
  Self-Confidence (imp:1.13) — A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control 
  Social Orientation (imp:1.00) — A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
  Cautiousness (imp:1.00) — A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related
  Humility (imp:0.99) — A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
  Innovation (imp:0.97) — A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on 
  Integrity (imp:0.96) — A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
  Adaptability (imp:0.89) — A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas 
  Stress Tolerance (imp:0.82) — A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
  Initiative (imp:0.80) — A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may
  Achievement Orientation (imp:0.78) — A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, 
  Intellectual Curiosity (imp:0.62) — A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep 
  Perseverance (imp:0.62) — A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in 
  Leadership Orientation (imp:0.61) — A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
  Innovation () — A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on 
  Achievement Orientation () — A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, 
  Intellectual Curiosity () — A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep 
  Tolerance for Ambiguity () — A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
  Initiative () — A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may
  Adaptability () — A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas 
  Self-Confidence () — A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control 
  Perseverance () — A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in 
  Leadership Orientation () — A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
  Humility () — A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
  Sincerity () — A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, withou
  Empathy () — A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feel
  Cooperation () — A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
  Optimism () — A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even un
  Cautiousness () — A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related
  Attention to Detail () — A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
  Integrity () — A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
  Stress Tolerance () — A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
  Self-Control () — A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in res
  Tolerance for Ambiguity (imp:-0.07) — A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.

--- TRANSFERABLE SKILLS ---
  Social Perceptiveness (imp:3.12 lvl:2.88) — Being aware of others' reactions and understanding why they react as they do.
  Service Orientation (imp:3.12 lvl:3.00) — Actively looking for ways to help people.
  Judgment and Decision Making (imp:3.00 lvl:2.12) — Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential actions to choose the m
  Time Management (imp:2.62 lvl:2.75) — Managing one's own time and the time of others.
  Coordination (imp:2.50 lvl:2.38) — Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions.
  Persuasion (imp:2.25 lvl:2.00) — Persuading others to change their minds or behavior.
  Complex Problem Solving (imp:2.25 lvl:2.12) — Identifying complex problems and reviewing related information to develop and ev
  Operations Analysis (imp:2.12 lvl:1.25) — Analyzing needs and product requirements to create a design.
  Negotiation (imp:2.00 lvl:1.50) — Bringing others together and trying to reconcile differences.
  Operations Monitoring (imp:2.00 lvl:1.50) — Watching gauges, dials, or other indicators to make sure a machine is working pr
  Equipment Maintenance (imp:2.00 lvl:1.00) — Performing routine maintenance on equipment and determining when and what kind o
  Troubleshooting (imp:2.00 lvl:1.12) — Determining causes of operating errors and deciding what to do about it.
  Management of Material Resources (imp:2.00 lvl:1.12) — Obtaining and seeing to the appropriate use of equipment, facilities, and materi
  Management of Personnel Resources (imp:2.00 lvl:1.75) — Motivating, developing, and directing people as they work, identifying the best 
  Equipment Selection (imp:1.88 lvl:1.25) — Determining the kind of tools and equipment needed to do a job.
  Operation and Control (imp:1.88 lvl:1.50) — Controlling operations of equipment or systems.
  Repairing (imp:1.88 lvl:0.88) — Repairing machines or systems using the needed tools.
  Quality Control Analysis (imp:1.88 lvl:1.62) — Conducting tests and inspections of products, services, or processes to evaluate
  Systems Analysis (imp:1.75 lvl:0.88) — Determining how a system should work and how changes in conditions, operations, 
  Management of Financial Resources (imp:1.75 lvl:1.12) — Determining how money will be spent to get the work done, and accounting for the
  Instructing (imp:1.62 lvl:0.75) — Teaching others how to do something.
  Systems Evaluation (imp:1.62 lvl:0.75) — Identifying measures or indicators of system performance and the actions needed 
  Technology Design (imp:1.50 lvl:0.50) — Generating or adapting equipment and technology to serve user needs.
  Installation (imp:1.00) — Installing equipment, machines, wiring, or programs to meet specifications.
  Programming (imp:1.00) — Writing computer programs for various purposes.

--- NATIONAL WAGES ---
  total_employment : 15,000
  annual_median    : $38,210
  annual_pct10     : $28,600
  annual_pct25     : $31,570
  annual_pct75     : $58,960
  annual_pct90     : $76,460
  annual_mean      : $47,070
  hourly_median    : $18.37

--- GEOGRAPHIC DISPERSION ---
  highest_state    : Oregon ($77,430)
  lowest_state     : Tennessee ($24,690)
  dispersion_ratio : 3.136x

--- TOP STATES BY WAGE (36 total) ---
  Other Services (except Public Administration) emp:   14,750  median: $  38,090
  Federal, State, and Local Government, excluding State and Local Government Schools and Hospitals and the U.S. Postal Service (OEWS Designation) emp:       80  median: $  56,120
  Health Care and Social Assistance        emp:       50  median: $  39,310

--- TOP INDUSTRIES BY EMPLOYMENT (3 total) ---
  Other Services (except Public Administration) emp:   14,750  median: $  38,090
  Federal, State, and Local Government, excluding State and Local Government Schools and Hospitals and the U.S. Postal Service (OEWS Designation) emp:       80  median: $  56,120
  Health Care and Social Assistance        emp:       50  median: $  39,310

exact_match_status : found
matched_title      : Barber
match_score        : 0.9231
wikidata_qid       : Q107198
word_count         : 2,255
wikipedia_url      : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barber
license            : CC BY-SA 4.0
fetched_at         : 2026-06-02T22:12:44.424166Z

--- WIKIPEDIA FULL TEXT ---
A barber is a person whose occupation is mainly to cut, dress, groom, style and shave hair or beards. A barber's place of work is known as a barbershop or the barber's. Barbershops have been noted as places of social interaction and public discourse since at least classical antiquity. In some instances, barbershops were also public forums. They were the locations of open debates, voicing public concerns, and engaging citizens in discussions about contemporary issues.
In previous times, barbers (known as barber surgeons) also performed surgery and dentistry. With the development of safety razors and the decreasing prevalence of beards in Anglophonic cultures, most barbers now specialize in cutting men's scalp hair as opposed to facial hair.


== Names ==

In modern times, the term "barber" is used both as a professional title and to refer to hairdressers who specialize in men's hair. Historically, all hairdressers were considered barbers. In the 20th century, the profession of cosmetology branched off from barbering, and today hairdressers may be licensed as either barbers or cosmetologists. Barbers differ with respect to where they work, which services they are licensed to provide, and what name they use to refer to themselves. Part of this terminology difference depends on the regulations in a given location.
In the early 1900s, an alternative word for barber, "chirotonsor", came into use in the U.S.
Different states in the US vary in their labor and licensing laws. For example, in Maryland and Pennsylvania, a cosmetologist cannot use a straight razor, strictly reserved for barbers. In contrast, in New Jersey both are regulated by the State Board of Cosmetology and there is no longer a legal difference in barbers and cosmetologists, as they are issued the same license and can practice both the art of straight razor shaving, coloring, other chemical work and haircutting if they choose.
In Australia, during the mid to late 20th century, the official term for a barber was men's hairdresser; barber was only a popular title for men's hairdressers. During this time, most would work in either a barbershop or a hairdressing salon.


== History ==


=== Antiquity ===
The barber's trade has a long history: razors have been found among relics of the Bronze Age (around 3500 BC) in Egypt. The first barbering services were performed by Egyptians in 5000 BC with instruments they had made from oyster shells or sharpened flint. In ancient Egyptian culture, barbers were highly respected individuals. Priests and men of medicine are the earliest recorded examples of barbers. In addition, the art of barbering played a significant role across continents. Mayan, Aztec, Iroquois, Norse and Mongolian cultures utilized shave art as a way to distinguish roles in society and wartime. Men in Ancient Greece would have their beards, hair, and fingernails trimmed and styled by the κουρεύς (cureus), in an agora (market place) which also served as a social gathering for debates and gossip. The barbers used a rough cloth (ὠμόλινον) on their shoulders to keep the hairs off their dresses. There were also female barbers (κουρεύτριαι).

Barbering was introduced to Rome by the Greek colonies in Sicily in 296 BC, and barbershops (Latin: tonstrīna, lit. "clipperies") quickly became very popular centers for daily news and gossip. A morning visit to the barber (tonsor) became a part of the daily routine, as important as the visit to the public baths, and a young man's first shave (tonsura) was considered an essential part of his coming of age ceremony. Roman barbers employed rudimentary mirrors and wielded combs, razors, scissors, curling irons, specialized tools for beard removal and pomata to remove unwanted hair elsewhere. A few Roman barbers became wealthy and influential, running shops that were favorite public locations of high society. Most, however, were simple tradesmen who owned small storefronts or worked in the streets for low prices.


=== Middle Ages ===

Starting from the Middle Ages, barbers often served as surgeons and dentists. In addition to haircutting, hairdressing, and shaving, barbers performed surgery, bloodletting and leeching, fire cupping, enemas, and the extraction of teeth; earning them the name "barber surgeons". Barber-surgeons began to form powerful guilds such as the Worshipful Company of Barbers in London. Barbers received higher pay than surgeons until surgeons were entered into British warships during naval wars. Some of the duties of the barber included neck manipulation, cleansing of ears and scalp, draining of boils, fistula and lancing of cysts with wicks.


=== 19th and 20th centuries ===

Barbershops were influential at the turn of the 19th century in the United States as African American businesses that helped to develop African American culture and economy. According to Trudier Harris, "In addition to its status as a gathering place, the black barbershop also functioned as a complicated and often contradictory microcosm of the larger world. It is an environment that can bolster egos and be supportive as well as a place where phony men can be destroyed, or at least highly shamed, from participation in verbal contests and other contests of skill. It is a retreat, a haven, an escape from nagging wives and the cares of the world. It is a place where men can be men. It is a place, in contrast to Gordone's bar, to be somebody." Barbershops from black barbers at first mostly served wealthy whites. In the later part of the century, they opened barbershops in black communities to serve black people.
The average shop cost $20 to equip in 1880. It was about ten by twelve feet. A hair cut in 1880 would cost five or ten cents and shaving cost three cents.

In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, barbershops became a common business in the United States where people would go to have their hair cut by a professional barber with good equipment. People would also play board games, talk about recent events, or gossip. They have also occasionally been used for public debates or voicing public concerns.


=== Contemporary ===
Most modern barbershops have special barber chairs, and special equipment for rinsing and washing hair. In some barbershops, people can read magazines or watch TV while the barber works.
Despite the economic recession in 2008, the barbershop industry has seen continued positive growth. In 2018, there was a trial that had barbers check high blood pressure in barbershops and have a pharmacist meet and treat the patient in the barbershop, with positive results.
In 2018, Arthur Rubinoff opened a museum with barber poles and antique barber equipment in Manhattan.
The barber Sam Mature, whose interview with Studs Terkel was published in Terkel's 1974 book Working, says "A man used to get a haircut every couple weeks. Now he waits a month or two, some of 'em even longer than that. A lot of people would get manicured and fixed up every week. Most of these people retired, moved away, or died. It's all on account of long hair. You take old-timers, they wanted to look neat, to be presentable. Now people don't seem to care too much."
Given their importance as social hubs in certain cultures, barbershops have been used in educational campaigns. These include the U.S. literacy project Barbershop Books, which sets up reading stations in barbershops to promote a culture of reading among African American boys. Public health researchers have also explored barbershops as a venue for sexual health education.


== Barber schools ==

In 1893, A. B. Moler of Chicago established a school for barbers. This was the first institution of its kind in the world, and its success was apparent from its very start. It stood for higher education in the ranks, and the parent school was rapidly followed by branches in nearly every principal city of the United States. In the beginning of barber schools, only the practical work of shaving, hair-cutting, facial treatments, etc., wa

--- SEMANTIC NEIGHBORS (5) ---

  Title: Worshipful Company of Barbers (similarity: 0.3889)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Worshipful_Company_of_Barbers
  QID: Q8036999
  Extract: The Worshipful Company of Barbers is one of the livery companies of the City of London, and ranks 17th in precedence.

  Title: Michael Barber (similarity: 0.5714)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Barber
  QID: Q6828410
  Extract: Michael or Mike Barber may refer to:Michael Barber, Baron Barber of Chittlehampton, British educationist
Michael C. Barber, Roman Catholic bishop of Oakland
Michael Barber (chemist) (1934–1991), developer of fast atom bombardment
Michael Barber (academic), Australian mathematician, physicist and aca

  Title: Howard McNear (similarity: 0.4000)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howard_McNear
  QID: Q11327044
  Extract: Howard Terbell McNear was an American stage, screen, and radio character actor. He is best remembered as the original voice of Doc Adams in the radio version of Gunsmoke and as Floyd Lawson on The Andy Griffith Show (1961–1967).

  Title: Numbers game (similarity: 0.4211)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numbers_game
  QID: Q7069608
  Extract: The numbers game, also known as the numbers racket, the Italian lottery, Mafia lottery, or the daily number, is a form of illegal gambling or illegal lottery played mostly in poor and working-class neighborhoods in the United States, wherein a bettor attempts to pick three digits to match those that

  Title: Purdys Chocolatier (similarity: 0.2400)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purdys_Chocolatier
  QID: Q7261007
  Extract: Purdys Chocolatier is a Canadian chocolatier, confectionery manufacturer, and retail operator. The company is based in Vancouver, British Columbia, on the west coast of Canada. From its 57,000 square-foot factory, Purdys produces a variety of different chocolates and confectioneries that are distrib

model_pass1          : claude-sonnet-4-20250514
model_pass2          : claude-haiku-4-5-20251001
inference_confidence : high
confidence_notes     : Strong confidence based on comprehensive O*NET data, clear Wikipedia match, detailed wage and employment statistics, and well-defined skill and knowledge requirements that distinguish barbering from related occupations.
inferred_at          : 2026-06-03T21:30:45.682635+00:00
tokens_input         : 4,650
tokens_output        : 4,349
cost_usd             : $0.048365
wikipedia_used       : True
wikipedia_title      : Barber
wikipedia_note       : The Wikipedia entry confirms the traditional role definition and highlights barbershops as centers of social interaction and public discourse since classical antiquity. This aligns with the high social orientation and public-facing nature of the occupation identified in the O*NET data.

--- PROSE FIELDS ---

ROLE SUMMARY:
Barbers provide specialized hair cutting, styling, and grooming services including cutting, trimming, shampooing, and styling hair, as well as trimming beards and giving shaves. They work directly with clients to understand their preferences and deliver personalized grooming services while maintaining sanitation standards and equipment. Barbers combine technical hair-cutting skills with customer service excellence in traditional barbershops or modern salon environments.

DAY IN THE LIFE:
A typical day begins with cleaning and sterilizing scissors, combs, clippers, and other instruments to maintain health standards. Throughout the day, barbers consult with clients about desired haircut styles and services, then cut and trim hair using clippers, combs, and hand-held blow dryers according to client instructions. They shape and trim beards and mustaches with scissors, apply lather and shave neck and temple hair contours with razors, and drape protective cloths around customers' shoulders. Administrative tasks include recording services on tickets, processing payments, cleaning work stations, sweeping floors, and staying informed of the latest hair care techniques and styles.

WHO THRIVES:
Successful barbers possess strong manual dexterity and arm-hand steadiness (importance 3.9, level 3.5) essential for precise cutting and styling work. They excel in social situations with high social orientation (importance 2.3) and strong oral communication skills, as performing for and working directly with the public is their primary work activity (importance 4.7, level 5.3). Individuals who thrive demonstrate dependability and attention to detail (importance 1.9 each), as consistent quality and precision are crucial for client satisfaction. They enjoy creative thinking (importance 3.9, level 4.5) to interpret client preferences and adapt current styles, while maintaining strong customer service orientation (importance 3.1, level 3.0) to build lasting client relationships.

CAREER ENTRY:
Most barbers enter the field through post-secondary certificate programs (28.7%) that provide specialized training in barbering techniques and state licensing requirements. A significant portion also enter with high school diplomas (24.6%) followed by apprenticeships or on-the-job training. State licensing is typically required, involving completion of approved barbering programs and passing written and practical examinations. The Job Zone 3 classification indicates medium preparation is needed, with most programs lasting several months to complete.

CAREER TRAJECTORY:
Experienced barbers can advance to barbershop ownership or management positions, leveraging their administration and management knowledge (importance 3.2, level 2.6). Career progression often includes building a loyal client base, which can lead to higher earnings and eventual business ownership. Advanced practitioners may specialize in particular techniques or demographics, transition into training roles at barber schools, or expand into related personal care services. Some barbers move into supervisory positions overseeing personal service workers or managing larger salon operations.

MARKET INTELLIGENCE:
The barbering profession employs approximately 15,000 workers nationwide with a median annual wage of $38,210 according to BLS OEWS May 2025 data. Wages vary significantly by geography, ranging from $24,690 in Tennessee to $77,430 in Oregon, representing a 3.14x ratio across states. The vast majority (98.3%) work in Other Services sectors, primarily traditional barbershops and personal care establishments. Employment is concentrated in urban areas where demand for grooming services is highest, though the profession maintains steady demand across diverse communities. The relatively stable employment outlook reflects consistent consumer demand for basic grooming services, though competition exists from hairstylists and cosmetologists who can perform similar services.

AUTOMATION OUTLOOK:
Barbering faces low automation risk due to the highly personalized, tactile nature of hair cutting and styling that requires creative thinking (importance 3.9) and direct client interaction (importance 4.7). The profession's emphasis on manual dexterity, arm-hand steadiness, and real-time adaptation to individual client preferences makes it difficult to automate effectively. While some tools may become more sophisticated, the core interpersonal and artistic elements of barbering are likely to remain human-centered for the foreseeable future.

--- REASONED EDGES ---
  [skill_overlap] Hairdressers, Hairstylists, and Cosmetologists (39-5012.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both roles share identical top work activities including performing for the public (importance 4.7) and creative thinking (importance 3.9) with similar manual dexterity requirements.
    data: Primary-Short relationship in O*NET
    data: Shared Customer Service knowledge (importance 4.4)
    data: Identical work activities scores
  [riasec_cluster] Skincare Specialists (39-5094.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both occupations share realistic and social RIASEC patterns (R:5.39, S:3.58) involving hands-on personal care with direct client service.
    data: Primary-Short O*NET relationship
    data: Similar personal care service delivery
    data: Realistic-Social RIASEC alignment
  [career_pathway] Shampooers (39-5093.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Shampooers often transition to barbering roles as they gain experience in hair care techniques and client service within the same workplace environment.
    data: Primary-Short O*NET relationship
    data: Shared hair care knowledge
    data: Common entry-level progression path
  [career_pathway] First-Line Supervisors of Personal Service Workers (39-1022.00) — confidence:medium
    reasoning: Experienced barbers advance to supervisory roles leveraging their administration and management knowledge (importance 3.2) gained through barbershop operations.
    data: Primary-Long O*NET relationship
    data: Administration and Management knowledge overlap
    data: Natural career progression pattern
  [task_similarity] Manicurists and Pedicurists (39-5092.00) — confidence:medium
    reasoning: Both roles involve detailed manual work requiring finger dexterity (importance 3.4) and direct personal care service with similar client interaction patterns.
    data: Primary-Short O*NET relationship
    data: Shared manual dexterity requirements
    data: Similar personal care service delivery

--- NORMALIZER SIGNALS ---
  match_keywords   : ['barber', 'hair cutting', 'hair trimming', 'beard trimming', 'shaving', 'hair styling', 'barbershop', 'tonsorial']
  exclude_keywords : ['cosmetology', 'hair coloring', 'chemical processing', 'permanent waves', 'beauty therapy']
  title_patterns   : ['Barber', 'Licensed Barber', 'Barber Stylist', 'Tonsorial Artist', 'Hair Cutter']
  common_variations: ['barber', 'hair barber', 'licensed barber', 'professional barber', 'master barber', 'traditional barber', 'barber-stylist', 'barbershop operator']

total_terms    : 40
top_words      : ['barber', 'hair', 'tendency', 'others', 'barbers', 'equipment', 'services', 'barbershops', 'principles', 'public', 'techniques', 'includes', 'objects', 'social', 'client', 'barbering', 'control', 'orientation', 'hand', 'materials']
source_layers  : onet_tasks | onet_dimensions | dwas | wikipedia | inference

TERM                    COUNT     FREQ  DOMINANT SOURCE      SOURCE BREAKDOWN
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
barber                     66  0.01672  wikipedia            wikipedia:98%  inference:2%
hair                       48  0.01216  wikipedia            wikipedia:60%  inference:15%  onet_tasks:12%
tendency                   42  0.01064  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
others                     39  0.00988  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:97%  wikipedia:3%
barbers                    32  0.00811  wikipedia            wikipedia:78%  inference:22%
equipment                  31  0.00785  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:74%  wikipedia:13%  dwas:6%
services                   21  0.00532  inference            inference:43%  onet_dimensions:29%  onet_tasks:10%
barbershops                18  0.00456  wikipedia            wikipedia:83%  inference:17%
principles                 16  0.00405  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
public                     16  0.00405  wikipedia            wikipedia:56%  onet_dimensions:25%  inference:19%
techniques                 15  0.00380  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:67%  inference:20%  onet_tasks:7%
includes                   14  0.00355  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:86%  wikipedia:7%  inference:7%
objects                    13  0.00329  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:92%  dwas:8%
social                     13  0.00329  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:38%  wikipedia:31%  inference:31%
client                     13  0.00329  inference            inference:54%  dwas:46%
barbering                  13  0.00329  wikipedia            wikipedia:62%  inference:38%
control                    12  0.00304  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
orientation                12  0.00304  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:75%  inference:25%
hand                       11  0.00279  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:64%  inference:27%  onet_tasks:9%
materials                  11  0.00279  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:91%  dwas:9%
ideas                      11  0.00279  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
importance                 11  0.00279  inference            inference:82%  onet_dimensions:9%  wikipedia:9%
problems                   10  0.00253  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:90%  onet_tasks:10%
standards                  10  0.00253  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:80%  inference:20%
resources                  10  0.00253  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:90%  dwas:10%
quickly                    10  0.00253  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:90%  wikipedia:10%
body                       10  0.00253  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
activities                 10  0.00253  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:90%  dwas:10%
programs                   10  0.00253  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:40%  inference:30%  wikipedia:20%
men                        10  0.00253  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
pole                       10  0.00253  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
products                    9  0.00228  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:56%  dwas:22%  onet_tasks:11%
written                     9  0.00228  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:67%  wikipedia:22%  inference:11%
needs                       9  0.00228  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:89%  dwas:11%
procedures                  9  0.00228  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:89%  wikipedia:11%
personal                    9  0.00228  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:67%  inference:33%
management                  9  0.00228  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:78%  inference:22%
human                       9  0.00228  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:78%  dwas:11%  inference:11%
events                      9  0.00228  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:89%  wikipedia:11%
performing                  9  0.00228  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:89%  inference:11%