[Core] [91% incumbents] Massage, shampoo, and condition patron's hair and scalp to clean them and remove excess oil.
  DWAs: Apply cleansing or conditioning agents to client hair, scalp, or skin. | Administer therapeutic massages.

[Core] [90% incumbents] Advise patrons with chronic or potentially contagious scalp conditions to seek medical treatment.
  DWAs: Provide medical or cosmetic advice for clients.

[Core] [90% incumbents] Treat scalp conditions and hair loss, using specialized lotions, shampoos, or equipment such as infrared lamps or vibrating equipment.
  DWAs: Apply solutions to hair for therapeutic or cosmetic purposes.

[Supplemental] [90% incumbents] Maintain treatment records.
  DWAs: Maintain client information or service records.

[EMERGING:New] Assist hair stylists with chemical services, such as neutralizing perms and applying hair color.

[EMERGING:New] Launder and fold the towels that are used for drying customers' hair.

[EMERGING:New] Refill and stock work stations with supplies, such as shampoos and conditioners.

[EMERGING:New] Rinse out hair color or permanent solutions from customers' hair.

[EMERGING:New] Sweep hair from the salon floor.

--- SKILLS ---
  Speaking (imp:3.25 lvl:2.50) — Talking to others to convey information effectively.
  Active Listening (imp:3.12 lvl:2.62) — Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand
  Monitoring (imp:2.75 lvl:2.38) — Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or organization
  Reading Comprehension (imp:2.50 lvl:2.25) — Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work-related documents.
  Critical Thinking (imp:2.50 lvl:2.12) — Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternativ
  Writing (imp:2.38 lvl:2.00) — Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the audienc
  Active Learning (imp:2.25 lvl:2.00) — Understanding the implications of new information for both current and future pr
  Learning Strategies (imp:2.00 lvl:1.75) — Selecting and using training/instructional methods and procedures appropriate fo
  Mathematics (imp:1.62 lvl:1.12) — Using mathematics to solve problems.
  Science (imp:1.00) — Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems.

--- KNOWLEDGE ---
  Customer and Personal Service (imp:4.23 lvl:4.27) — Knowledge of principles and processes for providing customer and personal servic
  English Language (imp:4.09 lvl:3.36) — Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the mea
  Sales and Marketing (imp:3.22 lvl:3.43) — Knowledge of principles and methods for showing, promoting, and selling products
  Public Safety and Security (imp:2.74 lvl:2.90) — Knowledge of relevant equipment, policies, procedures, and strategies to promote
  Chemistry (imp:2.73 lvl:2.93) — Knowledge of the chemical composition, structure, and properties of substances a
  Education and Training (imp:2.73 lvl:2.38) — Knowledge of principles and methods for curriculum and training design, teaching
  Psychology (imp:2.59 lvl:1.62) — Knowledge of human behavior and performance; individual differences in ability, 
  Administration and Management (imp:2.24 lvl:1.15) — Knowledge of business and management principles involved in strategic planning, 
  Production and Processing (imp:2.20 lvl:1.71) — Knowledge of raw materials, production processes, quality control, costs, and ot
  Mathematics (imp:2.00 lvl:1.57) — Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their appl
  Communications and Media (imp:1.97 lvl:1.68) — Knowledge of media production, communication, and dissemination techniques and m
  Sociology and Anthropology (imp:1.88 lvl:1.38) — Knowledge of group behavior and dynamics, societal trends and influences, human 
  Personnel and Human Resources (imp:1.66 lvl:0.60) — Knowledge of principles and procedures for personnel recruitment, selection, tra
  Administrative (imp:1.64) — Knowledge of administrative and office procedures and systems such as word proce
  Design (imp:1.60) — Knowledge of design techniques, tools, and principles involved in production of 
  Biology (imp:1.56 lvl:0.98) — Knowledge of plant and animal organisms, their tissues, cells, functions, interd
  Computers and Electronics (imp:1.51) — Knowledge of circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and comput
  Therapy and Counseling (imp:1.46) — Knowledge of principles, methods, and procedures for diagnosis, treatment, and r
  Foreign Language (imp:1.46 lvl:0.51) — Knowledge of the structure and content of a foreign (non-English) language inclu
  Physics (imp:1.44) — Knowledge and prediction of physical principles, laws, their interrelationships,
  Economics and Accounting (imp:1.40) — Knowledge of economic and accounting principles and practices, the financial mar
  Medicine and Dentistry (imp:1.34) — Knowledge of the information and techniques needed to diagnose and treat human i
  Law and Government (imp:1.33) — Knowledge of laws, legal codes, court procedures, precedents, government regulat
  Fine Arts (imp:1.32) — Knowledge of the theory and techniques required to compose, produce, and perform
  Philosophy and Theology (imp:1.32) — Knowledge of different philosophical systems and religions. This includes their 
  Telecommunications (imp:1.31) — Knowledge of transmission, broadcasting, switching, control, and operation of te
  Transportation (imp:1.21) — Knowledge of principles and methods for moving people or goods by air, rail, sea
  Mechanical (imp:1.18) — Knowledge of machines and tools, including their designs, uses, repair, and main
  Engineering and Technology (imp:1.17) — Knowledge of the practical application of engineering science and technology. Th
  History and Archeology (imp:1.11) — Knowledge of historical events and their causes, indicators, and effects on civi
  Food Production (imp:1.08) — Knowledge of techniques and equipment for planting, growing, and harvesting food
  Building and Construction (imp:1.08) — Knowledge of materials, methods, and the tools involved in the construction or r
  Geography (imp:1.04) — Knowledge of principles and methods for describing the features of land, sea, an

--- ABILITIES ---
  Oral Comprehension (imp:3.62 lvl:2.62) — The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through 
  Oral Expression (imp:3.38 lvl:2.88) — The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will unde
  Speech Clarity (imp:3.25 lvl:2.50) — The ability to speak clearly so others can understand you.
  Arm-Hand Steadiness (imp:3.12 lvl:2.75) — The ability to keep your hand and arm steady while moving your arm or while hold
  Near Vision (imp:3.12 lvl:2.88) — The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the observer).
  Manual Dexterity (imp:3.00 lvl:2.88) — The ability to quickly move your hand, your hand together with your arm, or your
  Finger Dexterity (imp:2.88 lvl:2.75) — The ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the fingers of one or bot
  Speech Recognition (imp:2.88 lvl:2.75) — The ability to identify and understand the speech of another person.
  Problem Sensitivity (imp:2.75 lvl:2.25) — The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does no
  Deductive Reasoning (imp:2.75 lvl:2.38) — The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that 
  Selective Attention (imp:2.75 lvl:2.38) — The ability to concentrate on a task over a period of time without being distrac
  Trunk Strength (imp:2.75 lvl:2.75) — The ability to use your abdominal and lower back muscles to support part of the 
  Written Comprehension (imp:2.62 lvl:2.50) — The ability to read and understand information and ideas presented in writing.
  Inductive Reasoning (imp:2.62 lvl:2.38) — The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusion
  Information Ordering (imp:2.62 lvl:2.00) — The ability to arrange things or actions in a certain order or pattern according
  Written Expression (imp:2.50 lvl:2.00) — The ability to communicate information and ideas in writing so others will under
  Category Flexibility (imp:2.50 lvl:2.25) — The ability to generate or use different sets of rules for combining or grouping
  Time Sharing (imp:2.50 lvl:2.25) — The ability to shift back and forth between two or more activities or sources of
  Control Precision (imp:2.38 lvl:2.12) — The ability to quickly and repeatedly adjust the controls of a machine or a vehi
  Dynamic Strength (imp:2.38 lvl:2.00) — The ability to exert muscle force repeatedly or continuously over time. This inv
  Extent Flexibility (imp:2.38 lvl:2.38) — The ability to bend, stretch, twist, or reach with your body, arms, and/or legs.
  Visual Color Discrimination (imp:2.38 lvl:2.00) — The ability to match or detect differences between colors, including shades of c
  Flexibility of Closure (imp:2.25 lvl:1.75) — The ability to identify or detect a known pattern (a figure, object, word, or so
  Multilimb Coordination (imp:2.25 lvl:1.75) — The ability to coordinate two or more limbs (for example, two arms, two legs, or
  Static Strength (imp:2.25 lvl:1.50) — The ability to exert maximum muscle force to lift, push, pull, or carry objects.
  Stamina (imp:2.25 lvl:1.88) — The ability to exert yourself physically over long periods of time without getti
  Far Vision (imp:2.25 lvl:1.75) — The ability to see details at a distance.
  Originality (imp:2.00 lvl:1.62) — The ability to come up with unusual or clever ideas about a given topic or situa
  Visualization (imp:2.00 lvl:1.62) — The ability to imagine how something will look after it is moved around or when 
  Fluency of Ideas (imp:1.88 lvl:1.75) — The ability to come up with a number of ideas about a topic (the number of ideas
  Perceptual Speed (imp:1.88 lvl:1.62) — The ability to quickly and accurately compare similarities and differences among
  Speed of Closure (imp:1.75 lvl:1.38) — The ability to quickly make sense of, combine, and organize information into mea
  Wrist-Finger Speed (imp:1.75 lvl:1.12) — The ability to make fast, simple, repeated movements of the fingers, hands, and 
  Hearing Sensitivity (imp:1.75 lvl:1.25) — The ability to detect or tell the differences between sounds that vary in pitch 
  Mathematical Reasoning (imp:1.62 lvl:0.75) — The ability to choose the right mathematical methods or formulas to solve a prob
  Number Facility (imp:1.62 lvl:0.88) — The ability to add, subtract, multiply, or divide quickly and correctly.
  Memorization (imp:1.62 lvl:1.38) — The ability to remember information such as words, numbers, pictures, and proced
  Auditory Attention (imp:1.62 lvl:1.25) — The ability to focus on a single source of sound in the presence of other distra
  Gross Body Coordination (imp:1.50 lvl:1.00) — The ability to coordinate the movement of your arms, legs, and torso together wh
  Depth Perception (imp:1.50 lvl:0.75) — The ability to judge which of several objects is closer or farther away from you
  Gross Body Equilibrium (imp:1.38 lvl:0.38) — The ability to keep or regain your body balance or stay upright when in an unsta
  Speed of Limb Movement (imp:1.25 lvl:0.50) — The ability to quickly move the arms and legs.
  Dynamic Flexibility (imp:1.25 lvl:0.38) — The ability to quickly and repeatedly bend, stretch, twist, or reach out with yo
  Spatial Orientation (imp:1.00) — The ability to know your location in relation to the environment or to know wher
  Response Orientation (imp:1.00) — The ability to choose quickly between two or more movements in response to two o
  Rate Control (imp:1.00) — The ability to time your movements or the movement of a piece of equipment in an
  Reaction Time (imp:1.00) — The ability to quickly respond (with the hand, finger, or foot) to a signal (sou
  Explosive Strength (imp:1.00) — The ability to use short bursts of muscle force to propel oneself (as in jumping
  Night Vision (imp:1.00) — The ability to see under low-light conditions.
  Peripheral Vision (imp:1.00) — The ability to see objects or movement of objects to one's side when the eyes ar
  Glare Sensitivity (imp:1.00) — The ability to see objects in the presence of a glare or bright lighting.
  Sound Localization (imp:1.00) — The ability to tell the direction from which a sound originated.

--- WORK ACTIVITIES ---
  Monitoring Processes, Materials, or Surroundings (imp:3.76 lvl:3.45) — Monitoring and reviewing information from materials, events, or the environment,
  Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates (imp:3.75 lvl:3.46) — Providing information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone,
  Performing for or Working Directly with the Public (imp:3.65 lvl:4.06) — Performing for people or dealing directly with the public. This includes serving
  Assisting and Caring for Others (imp:3.53 lvl:3.24) — Providing personal assistance, medical attention, emotional support, or other pe
  Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships (imp:3.30 lvl:3.98) — Developing constructive and cooperative working relationships with others, and m
  Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work (imp:3.28 lvl:2.94) — Developing specific goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and accomplish your
  Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge (imp:3.25 lvl:3.05) — Keeping up-to-date technically and applying new knowledge to your job.
  Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events (imp:3.19 lvl:2.47) — Identifying information by categorizing, estimating, recognizing differences or 
  Performing General Physical Activities (imp:3.18 lvl:3.07) — Performing general physical activities includes doing activities that require co
  Resolving Conflicts and Negotiating with Others (imp:3.18 lvl:2.81) — Handling complaints, settling disputes, and resolving grievances and conflicts, 
  Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Materials (imp:3.14 lvl:2.52) — Inspecting equipment, structures, or materials to identify the cause of errors o
  Getting Information (imp:3.07 lvl:2.35) — Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from all relevant sour
  Coordinating the Work and Activities of Others (imp:3.05 lvl:2.70) — Getting members of a group to work together to accomplish tasks.
  Selling or Influencing Others (imp:3.00 lvl:2.86) — Convincing others to buy merchandise/goods or to otherwise change their minds or
  Communicating with People Outside the Organization (imp:2.90 lvl:2.59) — Communicating with people outside the organization, representing the organizatio
  Making Decisions and Solving Problems (imp:2.86 lvl:2.85) — Analyzing information and evaluating results to choose the best solution and sol
  Training and Teaching Others (imp:2.85 lvl:3.04) — Identifying the educational needs of others, developing formal educational or tr
  Estimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or Information (imp:2.82 lvl:2.10) — Estimating sizes, distances, and quantities; or determining time, costs, resourc
  Scheduling Work and Activities (imp:2.82 lvl:2.61) — Scheduling events, programs, and activities, as well as the work of others.
  Thinking Creatively (imp:2.78 lvl:2.90) — Developing, designing, or creating new applications, ideas, relationships, syste
  Handling and Moving Objects (imp:2.76 lvl:3.55) — Using hands and arms in handling, installing, positioning, and moving materials,
  Guiding, Directing, and Motivating Subordinates (imp:2.76 lvl:2.37) — Providing guidance and direction to subordinates, including setting performance 
  Processing Information (imp:2.74 lvl:2.28) — Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, or verifying
  Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others (imp:2.73 lvl:2.19) — Translating or explaining what information means and how it can be used.
  Judging the Qualities of Objects, Services, or People (imp:2.65 lvl:2.30) — Assessing the value, importance, or quality of things or people.
  Coaching and Developing Others (imp:2.54 lvl:2.88) — Identifying the developmental needs of others and coaching, mentoring, or otherw
  Providing Consultation and Advice to Others (imp:2.50 lvl:2.14) — Providing guidance and expert advice to management or other groups on technical,
  Developing and Building Teams (imp:2.47 lvl:2.21) — Encouraging and building mutual trust, respect, and cooperation among team membe
  Analyzing Data or Information (imp:2.41 lvl:1.63) — Identifying the underlying principles, reasons, or facts of information by break
  Developing Objectives and Strategies (imp:2.39 lvl:1.71) — Establishing long-range objectives and specifying the strategies and actions to 
  Documenting/Recording Information (imp:2.34 lvl:1.66) — Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining information in writte
  Performing Administrative Activities (imp:2.32 lvl:2.07) — Performing day-to-day administrative tasks such as maintaining information files
  Controlling Machines and Processes (imp:2.31 lvl:1.96) — Using either control mechanisms or direct physical activity to operate machines 
  Staffing Organizational Units (imp:2.23 lvl:1.90) — Recruiting, interviewing, selecting, hiring, and promoting employees in an organ
  Evaluating Information to Determine Compliance with Standards (imp:2.21 lvl:1.95) — Using relevant information and individual judgment to determine whether events o
  Monitoring and Controlling Resources (imp:2.12 lvl:2.00) — Monitoring and controlling resources and overseeing the spending of money.
  Working with Computers (imp:1.75) — Using computers and computer systems (including hardware and software) to progra
  Drafting, Laying Out, and Specifying Technical Devices, Parts, and Equipment (imp:1.70 lvl:1.23) — Providing documentation, detailed instructions, drawings, or specifications to t
  Repairing and Maintaining Electronic Equipment (imp:1.68) — Servicing, repairing, calibrating, regulating, fine-tuning, or testing machines,
  Operating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or Equipment (imp:1.54) — Running, maneuvering, navigating, or driving vehicles or mechanized equipment, s
  Repairing and Maintaining Mechanical Equipment (imp:1.47) — Servicing, repairing, adjusting, and testing machines, devices, moving parts, an

--- WORK STYLES ---
  Cooperation (imp:1.84) — A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
  Empathy (imp:1.83) — A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feel
  Social Orientation (imp:1.83) — A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
  Dependability (imp:1.83) — A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related o
  Optimism (imp:1.53) — A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even un
  Sincerity (imp:1.33) — A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, withou
  Attention to Detail (imp:1.26) — A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
  Humility (imp:1.09) — A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
  Cooperation (imp:1.00) — A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
  Cautiousness (imp:1.00) — A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related
  Self-Control (imp:1.00) — A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in res
  Integrity (imp:0.70) — A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
  Achievement Orientation (imp:0.43) — A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, 
  Self-Confidence (imp:0.43) — A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control 
  Stress Tolerance (imp:0.43) — A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
  Perseverance (imp:0.26) — A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in 
  Adaptability (imp:0.23) — A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas 
  Initiative (imp:0.17) — A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may
  Innovation () — A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on 
  Achievement Orientation () — A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, 
  Intellectual Curiosity () — A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep 
  Tolerance for Ambiguity () — A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
  Initiative () — A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may
  Adaptability () — A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas 
  Self-Confidence () — A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control 
  Perseverance () — A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in 
  Leadership Orientation () — A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
  Humility () — A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
  Sincerity () — A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, withou
  Empathy () — A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feel
  Optimism () — A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even un
  Social Orientation () — A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
  Cautiousness () — A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related
  Attention to Detail () — A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
  Dependability () — A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related o
  Integrity () — A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
  Stress Tolerance () — A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
  Self-Control () — A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in res
  Intellectual Curiosity (imp:-0.21) — A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep 
  Innovation (imp:-0.28) — A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on 
  Tolerance for Ambiguity (imp:-0.40) — A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
  Leadership Orientation (imp:-0.59) — A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.

--- TRANSFERABLE SKILLS ---
  Service Orientation (imp:3.00 lvl:2.75) — Actively looking for ways to help people.
  Social Perceptiveness (imp:2.75 lvl:2.62) — Being aware of others' reactions and understanding why they react as they do.
  Coordination (imp:2.75 lvl:2.62) — Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions.
  Judgment and Decision Making (imp:2.50 lvl:2.12) — Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential actions to choose the m
  Time Management (imp:2.50 lvl:2.25) — Managing one's own time and the time of others.
  Persuasion (imp:2.38 lvl:1.62) — Persuading others to change their minds or behavior.
  Negotiation (imp:2.25 lvl:1.62) — Bringing others together and trying to reconcile differences.
  Instructing (imp:2.12 lvl:2.00) — Teaching others how to do something.
  Complex Problem Solving (imp:2.12 lvl:1.88) — Identifying complex problems and reviewing related information to develop and ev
  Operations Monitoring (imp:2.12 lvl:1.62) — Watching gauges, dials, or other indicators to make sure a machine is working pr
  Management of Personnel Resources (imp:2.00 lvl:1.62) — Motivating, developing, and directing people as they work, identifying the best 
  Quality Control Analysis (imp:1.50 lvl:0.62) — Conducting tests and inspections of products, services, or processes to evaluate
  Systems Analysis (imp:1.50 lvl:0.75) — Determining how a system should work and how changes in conditions, operations, 
  Systems Evaluation (imp:1.50 lvl:0.75) — Identifying measures or indicators of system performance and the actions needed 
  Technology Design (imp:1.38 lvl:0.38) — Generating or adapting equipment and technology to serve user needs.
  Equipment Selection (imp:1.38 lvl:0.38) — Determining the kind of tools and equipment needed to do a job.
  Troubleshooting (imp:1.38 lvl:0.62) — Determining causes of operating errors and deciding what to do about it.
  Management of Financial Resources (imp:1.38 lvl:0.50) — Determining how money will be spent to get the work done, and accounting for the
  Management of Material Resources (imp:1.38 lvl:0.38) — Obtaining and seeing to the appropriate use of equipment, facilities, and materi
  Operation and Control (imp:1.25 lvl:0.38) — Controlling operations of equipment or systems.
  Operations Analysis (imp:1.12 lvl:0.25) — Analyzing needs and product requirements to create a design.
  Installation (imp:1.00) — Installing equipment, machines, wiring, or programs to meet specifications.
  Programming (imp:1.00) — Writing computer programs for various purposes.
  Equipment Maintenance (imp:1.00) — Performing routine maintenance on equipment and determining when and what kind o
  Repairing (imp:1.00) — Repairing machines or systems using the needed tools.

--- NATIONAL WAGES ---
  total_employment : 8,070
  annual_median    : $32,600
  annual_pct10     : $23,110
  annual_pct25     : $28,550
  annual_pct75     : $35,550
  annual_pct90     : $38,240
  annual_mean      : $31,980
  hourly_median    : $15.67

--- GEOGRAPHIC DISPERSION ---
  highest_state    : District of Columbia ($38,870)
  lowest_state     : Alabama ($21,810)
  dispersion_ratio : 1.782x

--- TOP STATES BY WAGE (20 total) ---
  Other Services (except Public Administration) emp:    7,990  median: $  32,560

--- TOP INDUSTRIES BY EMPLOYMENT (1 total) ---
  Other Services (except Public Administration) emp:    7,990  median: $  32,560

exact_match_status : found
matched_title      : Shampoo
match_score        : 0.8235
wikidata_qid       : Q180204
word_count         : 3,471
wikipedia_url      : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shampoo
license            : CC BY-SA 4.0
fetched_at         : 2026-06-02T22:13:40.102561Z

--- WIKIPEDIA FULL TEXT ---
Shampoo () is a hair care product, typically in the form of a viscous liquid, that is formulated to be used for cleaning (scalp) hair. Less commonly, it is available in solid bar format (not to be confused with "dry shampoo" which is a separate product). Shampoo is used by applying it to wet hair, massaging the product in the hair, roots and scalp, and then rinsing it out. Some users may follow a shampooing with the use of hair conditioner.
Shampoo is typically used to remove the unwanted build-up of sebum (natural oils) in the hair without stripping out so much as to make hair unmanageable. Shampoo is generally made by combining a surfactant, most often sodium lauryl sulfate or sodium laureth sulfate, with a co-surfactant, most often cocamidopropyl betaine in water. The sulfate ingredient acts as a surfactant, trapping oils and other contaminants, similarly to soap.
Shampoos are marketed to people with hair. There are also shampoos intended for animals that may contain insecticides or other medications to treat skin conditions or parasite infestations such as fleas.


== History ==


=== Ancient Mesopotamia ===
Texts from Akkadian period show that Mesopotamians dealt with a wide range of skin diseases. Their culture emphasized personal hygiene to prevent illness, and there is frequent reference to their use of both medicated and regular soaps and shampoos as methods of prevention and treatment.
Ancient Mesopotamian tablets from the Neo-Assyrian period document the use of medicated shampoo to treat scalp eruptions.


=== Indian subcontinent ===

The word shampoo entered the English language during the colonial era in India. It dates to 1762 and derives from the Hindi word cā̃pō (चाँपो, pronounced [tʃãːpoː]) or shampoo, itself derived from the Sanskrit root chapati (चपति), which means 'to press, knead, or soothe'. Shampoo is a type of traditional Indian head massage using hair oil.
In India, a variety of herbs and their extracts have been used as shampoos since ancient times. A very effective early shampoo was made by boiling sapindus with dried Indian gooseberry (amla) and a selection of other herbs, using the strained extract. At the pre-Indus Valley Civilisation site of Banawali evidence is found of sapindus, Indian gooseberry and shikakai which were used for to prepare herbal products including those for hair care.
Sapindus, also known as soapberries or soapnuts, a tropical tree widespread in India, is called ksuna (Sanskrit: क्षुण) in ancient Indian texts and its fruit pulp contains saponins which are a natural surfactant. The extract of soapberries creates a lather which Indian texts called phenaka (Sanskrit: फेनक). It leaves the hair soft, shiny and manageable. Other products used for hair cleansing were shikakai, hibiscus flowers, ritha (Sapindus mukorossi) and arappu (Albizzia amara). Guru Nanak, the founder and the first guru of Sikhism, made references to the soapberry tree and soap in the 16th-century.


=== Europe ===

Gauls used soap from goat's fat and beech ash for brightening the hair. Romans did not make soap, but cleansed their bodies and hair with a mixture of oils and sand.
During the 17th century, people of the upper classes commonly wore wigs; cleaning hair with water was discouraged and instead hair was applied with oils. In the 18th century, the wealthy classes had spas, but as the working class moved to the cities because of industrialisation, their hygiene suffered.
Dean Mahomed, an Indian  traveller, surgeon, and entrepreneur, is credited with introducing the practice of shampoo or "shampooing" (a type of traditional Indian head massage using hair oils) to Britain. In 1814, Mahomed, with his Irish wife Jane Daly, were established as shampooing bathhouse keepers, and a few year later in 1821 opened the first commercial shampooing vapour masseur bath in England, in Brighton. He described the treatment in a local paper as "The Indian Medicated Vapour Bath (type of Turkish bath), a cure to many diseases and giving full relief when everything fails; particularly Rheumatic and paralytic, gout, stiff joints, old sprains, lame legs, aches and pains in the joints". His 1826 book on shampooing featured testimonies from his patients, as well as the details of the treatment made him famous. The book acted as a marketing tool for his unique baths in Brighton and capitalised on the early 19th-century trend for seaside spa treatments.
The "wash the hair" meaning of shampoo was first recorded in 1860. During the early stages of shampoo in Europe, English hair stylists boiled shaved soap in water and added herbs to give the hair shine and fragrance. Commercially made shampoo was available from the turn of the 20th century. A 1914 advertisement for Canthrox Shampoo in American Magazine showed young women at camp washing their hair with Canthrox in a lake; magazine advertisements in 1914 by Rexall featured Harmony Hair Beautifier and Shampoo.
In 1900, German perfumer and hair-stylist Josef Wilhelm Rausch developed the first liquid hair washing soap and named it "Champooing" in Emmishofen, Switzerland. Later, in 1919, Rausch developed an antiseptic chamomile shampooing with a pH of 8.5.
In 1927, liquid shampoo was improved for mass production by German inventor Hans Schwarzkopf in Berlin; his name became a shampoo brand sold in Europe.
Originally, soap and shampoo were very similar products; both containing the same naturally derived surfactants, a type of detergent. Modern shampoo as it is known today was first introduced in the 1930s with Drene, the first shampoo using synthetic surfactants instead of soap.


=== Indonesia ===
Early shampoos used in Indonesia were made from the husk and straw (merang) of rice. The husks and straws were burned into ash, and the ashes (which have alkaline properties) are mixed with water to form lather. The ashes and lather were scrubbed into the hair and rinsed out, leaving the hair clean, but very dry. Afterwards, coconut oil was applied to the hair in order to moisturize it.


=== Philippines ===
Filipinos have been traditionally using gugo before commercial shampoos were sold in stores. The shampoo is obtained by soaking and rubbing the bark of the vine Gugo (Entada phaseoloides), producing a lather that cleanses the scalp effectively. Gugo is also used as an ingredient in hair tonics.


=== Pre-Columbian North America ===
Certain Native American tribes used extracts from North American plants as hair shampoo; for example the Costanoans of present-day coastal California used extracts from the coastal woodfern, Dryopteris expansa.


=== Pre-Columbian South America ===
Before quinoa can be eaten the saponin must be washed out from the grain prior to cooking. Pre-Columbian Andean civilizations used this soapy by-product as a shampoo.


== Types ==
Shampoos can be classified into four main categories:

deep cleansing shampoos, sometimes marketed under descriptions such as volumizing, clarifying, balancing, oil control, or thickening, which have a slightly higher amount of detergent and create a lot of foam;
conditioning shampoos, sometimes marketed under descriptions such as moisturizing, 2-in-1, smoothing, anti-frizz, color care, and hydrating, which contain an ingredient like silicone or polyquaternium-10 to smooth the hair;
baby shampoos, sometimes marketed as tear-free, which contain less detergent and produce less foam;
anti-dandruff shampoos, which are medicated to reduce dandruff.


== Composition ==

Shampoo is generally made by combining a surfactant, most often sodium lauryl sulfate or sodium laureth sulfate, with a co-surfactant, most often cocamidopropyl betaine in water to form a thick, viscous liquid. Other essential ingredients include salt (sodium chloride), which is used to adjust the viscosity, a preservative and fragrance. Other ingredients are generally included in shampoo formulations to maximize the following qualities:

pleasing foam
ease of rinsing
minimal skin and eye irritation
thic

--- SEMANTIC NEIGHBORS (5) ---

  Title: Shampoo (disambiguation) (similarity: 0.4706)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shampoo_(disambiguation)
  QID: Q526336
  Extract: Shampoo is a soap-based liquid or solid used for washing hair.

  Title: Shampoo (film) (similarity: 0.5833)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shampoo_(film)
  QID: Q1534188
  Extract: Shampoo is a 1975 American comedy film directed by Hal Ashby and starring Warren Beatty, Julie Christie, Goldie Hawn, Lee Grant, Jack Warden, and Tony Bill, as well as Carrie Fisher in her film debut. Co-written by Beatty and Robert Towne, the film follows a promiscuous Los Angeles hairdresser on El

  Title: Bawang Shampoo (similarity: 0.5833)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bawang_Shampoo
  QID: Q4873764
  Extract: B&W International (Group) Holdings Limited is the fourth most popular shampoo manufacturer in China. Headquartered in Guangzhou, the company is engaged in the production of Chinese herbal medicine shampoo under the brand name Bawang. Jackie Chan, an international movie star, has been contracted to a

  Title: Assistant director (similarity: 0.2857)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assistant_director
  QID: Q1757008
  Extract: The role of an assistant director (AD) on a film includes tracking daily progress against the filming production schedule, arranging logistics, preparing daily call sheets, checking cast and crew, and maintaining order on the set. They also have to take care of the health and safety of the crew. The

  Title: Hair transplantation (similarity: 0.2667)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hair_transplantation
  QID: Q685286
  Extract: Hair transplantation is a surgical technique that removes hair follicles from one part of the body, called the 'donor site', to a bald or balding part of the body known as the 'recipient site'. The technique is primarily used to treat male pattern baldness. In this minimally invasive procedure, graf

model_pass1          : claude-sonnet-4-20250514
model_pass2          : claude-haiku-4-5-20251001
inference_confidence : high
confidence_notes     : Strong confidence based on comprehensive O*NET data, clear BLS wage statistics, and well-defined role boundaries within the personal care industry.
inferred_at          : 2026-06-03T21:34:35.200516+00:00
tokens_input         : 4,583
tokens_output        : 4,235
cost_usd             : $0.045634
wikipedia_used       : True
wikipedia_title      : Shampoo
wikipedia_note       : The Wikipedia entry describes shampoo as a hair care product used for cleaning scalp and hair, which directly relates to the primary tools and processes used by shampooers in their daily work.

--- PROSE FIELDS ---

ROLE SUMMARY:
Shampooers provide hair washing and basic scalp care services in salons, spas, and barbershops, serving as essential support staff in personal care establishments. They shampoo, condition, and rinse customers' hair while monitoring for scalp conditions that may require medical attention. This entry-level personal care role requires minimal formal education but strong interpersonal skills and attention to hygiene protocols.

DAY IN THE LIFE:
Shampooers begin each day by preparing their stations with clean towels, shampoos, and conditioning products. They greet clients, escort them to shampoo chairs, and carefully wash and massage hair and scalp using appropriate products based on hair type. Between clients, they sanitize equipment, restock supplies, and sweep hair from salon floors. They assist stylists with chemical services like rinsing out hair color or neutralizing perms. Throughout the day, they maintain treatment records and communicate with stylists about client needs. They also fold towels and ensure their work area remains clean and organized.

WHO THRIVES:
Individuals who excel as shampooers are naturally service-oriented with strong social skills and genuine empathy for others. They possess steady hands and good manual dexterity for gentle hair manipulation, combined with the physical stamina to stand for extended periods. Successful shampooers are cooperative team players who work well in fast-paced salon environments and can multitask effectively. They demonstrate reliability and dependability, as stylists and clients count on their consistent support. Those with an optimistic disposition and ability to make clients feel comfortable during what can be a relaxing experience tend to thrive in this role.

CAREER ENTRY:
Most shampooers enter the field with a post-secondary certificate from a cosmetology or beauty school (67.5% according to education data), though some begin with just a high school diploma (18.4%). Many states require completion of basic cosmetology training programs that cover sanitation, hair care fundamentals, and customer service. Entry-level positions often provide on-the-job training in specific salon procedures and product knowledge. Previous customer service experience in retail or hospitality can be advantageous for developing the interpersonal skills essential to this role.

CAREER TRAJECTORY:
Shampooers typically use this role as a stepping stone to advance within the personal care industry, often pursuing additional training to become hairdressers, cosmetologists, or skincare specialists. Many transition into full cosmetology programs while working, eventually obtaining licenses for cutting, coloring, and styling hair. Some may specialize in scalp treatments or advance to salon management positions. The foundational customer service skills and industry knowledge gained as a shampooer provide valuable experience for any beauty industry career path.

MARKET INTELLIGENCE:
According to BLS OEWS May 2025 data, shampooers earn a median annual wage of $32,600 with employment of 8,070 nationwide. Wages range from $23,110 at the 10th percentile to $38,240 at the 90th percentile, with significant geographic variation from Alabama's $21,810 to Washington D.C.'s $38,870. The vast majority of positions (7,990) are concentrated in the Other Services sector, primarily salons and personal care establishments. This relatively small occupation offers entry-level opportunities in the growing personal care industry, though career advancement typically requires additional training and certification.

AUTOMATION OUTLOOK:
Shampooers face low automation risk due to the highly personal and tactile nature of their work activities. Hair washing requires human judgment to assess scalp conditions, adjust water temperature and pressure, and provide the interpersonal interaction that clients value. The combination of manual dexterity, customer communication, and ability to identify scalp health issues makes this role difficult to automate with current technology.

--- REASONED EDGES ---
  [career_pathway] Hairdressers, Hairstylists, and Cosmetologists (39-5012.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Primary advancement path sharing customer service knowledge and manual hair care skills.
    data: Customer and Personal Service knowledge overlap (4.2, 4.3)
    data: Manual dexterity requirements
    data: Same industry sector
  [skill_overlap] Skincare Specialists (39-5094.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both roles require customer service expertise and knowledge of skin/scalp health conditions.
    data: Customer and Personal Service importance
    data: Health condition identification tasks
    data: Similar education requirements
  [task_similarity] Barbers (39-5011.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both perform hair washing and basic scalp care in similar salon environments.
    data: Hair shampooing tasks
    data: Scalp treatment activities
    data: Personal care vertical
  [transferable_skill] Massage Therapists (31-9011.00) — confidence:medium
    reasoning: Shared manual dexterity and therapeutic touch skills for scalp massage activities.
    data: Massage tasks in shampooer duties
    data: Arm-Hand Steadiness ability
    data: Therapeutic service orientation
  [riasec_cluster] Manicurists and Pedicurists (39-5092.00) — confidence:medium
    reasoning: Both are realistic-social occupations in personal care requiring manual dexterity and customer interaction.
    data: RIASEC profile R:5.53, S:3.75
    data: Manual dexterity requirements
    data: Personal care services

--- NORMALIZER SIGNALS ---
  match_keywords   : ['shampoo', 'hair washing', 'scalp treatment', 'salon assistant', 'hair care', 'conditioning', 'rinse', 'shampooist']
  exclude_keywords : ['styling', 'cutting', 'coloring', 'permanent', 'chemical processing']
  title_patterns   : ['Shampoo', 'Hair Assistant', 'Salon Assistant', 'Scalp Treatment', 'Shampooer']
  common_variations: ['Shampooer', 'Shampooist', 'Shampoo Technician', 'Hair Shampoo Assistant', 'Salon Shampoo Assistant', 'Shampoo Specialist', 'Hair Assistant', 'Stylist Assistant']

total_terms    : 40
top_words      : ['hair', 'shampoo', 'shampoos', 'tendency', 'others', 'equipment', 'ingredients', 'scalp', 'products', 'oils', 'principles', 'care', 'skin', 'contain', 'production', 'sodium', 'personal', 'includes', 'control', 'soap']
source_layers  : onet_tasks | onet_dimensions | dwas | wikipedia | inference

TERM                    COUNT     FREQ  DOMINANT SOURCE      SOURCE BREAKDOWN
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
hair                       81  0.01819  wikipedia            wikipedia:73%  inference:15%  onet_tasks:10%
shampoo                    62  0.01393  wikipedia            wikipedia:94%  inference:5%  onet_tasks:2%
shampoos                   62  0.01393  wikipedia            wikipedia:95%  onet_tasks:3%  inference:2%
tendency                   42  0.00943  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
others                     41  0.00921  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:93%  wikipedia:5%  inference:2%
equipment                  26  0.00584  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:88%  onet_tasks:8%  inference:4%
ingredients                23  0.00517  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
scalp                      21  0.00472  wikipedia            wikipedia:48%  inference:33%  onet_tasks:14%
products                   17  0.00382  wikipedia            wikipedia:59%  onet_dimensions:29%  inference:12%
oils                       17  0.00382  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
principles                 16  0.00359  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
care                       15  0.00337  inference            inference:53%  wikipedia:33%  onet_dimensions:13%
skin                       15  0.00337  wikipedia            wikipedia:93%  dwas:7%
contain                    15  0.00337  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
production                 14  0.00314  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:57%  wikipedia:43%
sodium                     14  0.00314  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
personal                   13  0.00292  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:46%  inference:46%  wikipedia:8%
includes                   13  0.00292  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:92%  wikipedia:8%
control                    13  0.00292  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:92%  wikipedia:8%
soap                       13  0.00292  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
pet                        13  0.00292  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
made                       12  0.00269  wikipedia            wikipedia:92%  onet_dimensions:8%
objects                    12  0.00269  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
body                       12  0.00269  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:83%  wikipedia:17%
sulfate                    12  0.00269  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
acid                       12  0.00269  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
product                    11  0.00247  wikipedia            wikipedia:64%  onet_dimensions:18%  inference:18%
techniques                 11  0.00247  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:91%  wikipedia:9%
human                      11  0.00247  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:64%  wikipedia:27%  inference:9%
materials                  11  0.00247  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:91%  wikipedia:9%
ideas                      11  0.00247  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
water                      11  0.00247  wikipedia            wikipedia:91%  inference:9%
treatment                  10  0.00225  wikipedia            wikipedia:40%  onet_dimensions:30%  onet_tasks:20%
services                   10  0.00225  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:60%  inference:30%  onet_tasks:10%
procedures                 10  0.00225  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:80%  wikipedia:10%  inference:10%
quickly                    10  0.00225  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:90%  wikipedia:10%
activities                 10  0.00225  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:90%  inference:10%
less                       10  0.00225  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
many                       10  0.00225  wikipedia            wikipedia:80%  inference:20%
oil                         9  0.00202  wikipedia            wikipedia:89%  onet_tasks:11%