[Core] [78% incumbents] Verify accuracy of billing data and revise any errors.
  DWAs: Verify accuracy of financial or transactional data.

[Core] [78% incumbents] Prepare itemized statements, bills, or invoices and record amounts due for items purchased or services rendered.
  DWAs: Maintain financial or account records. | Prepare documentation for contracts, transactions, or regulatory compliance.

[Core] [78% incumbents] Operate typing, adding, calculating, or billing machines.
  DWAs: Operate office equipment.

[Core] [78% incumbents] Keep records of invoices and support documents.
  DWAs: Maintain financial or account records.

[Core] [78% incumbents] Perform bookkeeping work, including posting data or keeping other records concerning costs of goods or services or the shipment of goods.
  DWAs: Maintain financial or account records.

[Core] [78% incumbents] Contact customers to obtain or relay account information.
  DWAs: Discuss account status or activity with customers or patrons.

[Supplemental] [78% incumbents] Compute credit terms, discounts, shipment charges, or rates for goods or services to complete billing documents.
  DWAs: Calculate shipping costs. | Calculate costs of goods or services.

[Core] [77% incumbents] Resolve discrepancies in accounting records.
  DWAs: Reconcile records of sales or other financial transactions.

[Supplemental] [77% incumbents] Review documents, such as purchase orders, sales tickets, charge slips, or hospital records, to compute fees or charges due.
  DWAs: Calculate costs of goods or services.

[Supplemental] [77% incumbents] Track accumulated hours and dollar amounts charged to each client job to calculate client fees for professional services, such as legal or accounting services.
  DWAs: Maintain operational records.

[Supplemental] [77% incumbents] Consult sources, such as rate books, manuals, or insurance company representatives, to determine specific charges or information such as rules, regulations, or government tax and tariff information.
  DWAs: Search files, databases or reference materials to obtain needed information.

[Supplemental] [77% incumbents] Update manuals when rates, rules, or regulations are amended.
  DWAs: Prepare informational or reference materials.

[Supplemental] [77% incumbents] Review compiled data on operating costs and revenues to set rates.
  DWAs: Analyze financial information.

[Core] [49% incumbents] Route statements for mailing or over-the-counter delivery to customers.
  DWAs: Route mail to correct destinations.

[Core] [49% incumbents] Fix minor problems, such as equipment jams, and notify repair personnel of major equipment problems.
  DWAs: Maintain office equipment in proper operating condition. | Report maintenance or equipment problems to appropriate personnel.

[Supplemental] [49% incumbents] Weigh envelopes containing statements to determine correct postage and affix postage, using stamps or metering equipment.
  DWAs: Weigh parcels to determine shipping costs.

[Supplemental] [49% incumbents] Compare previously prepared bank statements with canceled checks and reconcile discrepancies.
  DWAs: Reconcile records of sales or other financial transactions.

[Supplemental] [49% incumbents] Take orders for imprinted checks.
  DWAs: Order materials, supplies, or equipment.

[Supplemental] [49% incumbents] Encode and cancel checks, using bank machines.
  DWAs: Execute sales or other financial transactions.

[Core] [48% incumbents] Post stop-payment notices to prevent payment of protested checks.
  DWAs: Provide information to coworkers.

[Core] [48% incumbents] Verify signatures and required information on checks.
  DWAs: Verify accuracy of financial or transactional data.

[Core] [48% incumbents] Monitor equipment to ensure proper operation.
  DWAs: Monitor equipment operation to ensure proper functioning.

[Supplemental] [48% incumbents] Load machines with statements, cancelled checks, or envelopes to prepare statements for distribution to customers or stuff envelopes by hand.
  DWAs: Operate office equipment.

[None] Answer inquiries regarding rates, routing, or procedures.
  DWAs: Explain regulations, policies, or procedures.

[None] Compile reports of cost factors, such as labor, production, storage, and equipment.
  DWAs: Prepare financial documents, reports, or budgets.

[None] Create billing documents, shipping labels, credit memorandums, or credit forms.
  DWAs: Prepare financial documents.

[None] Perform general administrative tasks, such as answering telephones, scheduling appointments, and ordering supplies or equipment.
  DWAs: Schedule appointments. | Answer telephones to direct calls or provide information. | Order materials, supplies, or equipment.

[None] Return checks to customers or retrieve checks returned to customers in error, adjusting accounts and answering inquiries about errors as necessary.
  DWAs: Calculate financial data. | Respond to customer problems or complaints.

--- SKILLS ---
  Reading Comprehension (imp:3.62 lvl:3.38) — Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work-related documents.
  Mathematics (imp:3.25 lvl:2.88) — Using mathematics to solve problems.
  Active Listening (imp:3.12 lvl:3.38) — Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand
  Speaking (imp:3.12 lvl:3.12) — Talking to others to convey information effectively.
  Critical Thinking (imp:3.12 lvl:3.25) — Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternativ
  Monitoring (imp:3.12 lvl:2.62) — Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or organization
  Writing (imp:3.00 lvl:2.88) — Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the audienc
  Active Learning (imp:2.75 lvl:2.62) — Understanding the implications of new information for both current and future pr
  Learning Strategies (imp:2.38 lvl:2.62) — Selecting and using training/instructional methods and procedures appropriate fo
  Science (imp:1.12 lvl:0.12) — Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems.

--- KNOWLEDGE ---
  Administrative (imp:4.41 lvl:5.77) — Knowledge of administrative and office procedures and systems such as word proce
  Customer and Personal Service (imp:4.24 lvl:4.54) — Knowledge of principles and processes for providing customer and personal servic
  English Language (imp:3.72 lvl:3.74) — Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the mea
  Economics and Accounting (imp:3.53 lvl:3.69) — Knowledge of economic and accounting principles and practices, the financial mar
  Mathematics (imp:3.49 lvl:3.66) — Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their appl
  Computers and Electronics (imp:3.42 lvl:3.63) — Knowledge of circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and comput
  Administration and Management (imp:3.41 lvl:3.15) — Knowledge of business and management principles involved in strategic planning, 
  Personnel and Human Resources (imp:2.79 lvl:1.98) — Knowledge of principles and procedures for personnel recruitment, selection, tra
  Public Safety and Security (imp:2.49 lvl:2.09) — Knowledge of relevant equipment, policies, procedures, and strategies to promote
  Psychology (imp:2.48 lvl:2.71) — Knowledge of human behavior and performance; individual differences in ability, 
  Law and Government (imp:2.46 lvl:2.53) — Knowledge of laws, legal codes, court procedures, precedents, government regulat
  Education and Training (imp:2.44 lvl:2.60) — Knowledge of principles and methods for curriculum and training design, teaching
  Sales and Marketing (imp:2.33 lvl:2.13) — Knowledge of principles and methods for showing, promoting, and selling products
  Medicine and Dentistry (imp:2.33 lvl:1.46) — Knowledge of the information and techniques needed to diagnose and treat human i
  Production and Processing (imp:2.28 lvl:1.59) — Knowledge of raw materials, production processes, quality control, costs, and ot
  Telecommunications (imp:2.28 lvl:1.50) — Knowledge of transmission, broadcasting, switching, control, and operation of te
  Communications and Media (imp:2.10 lvl:1.53) — Knowledge of media production, communication, and dissemination techniques and m
  Transportation (imp:1.83 lvl:1.12) — Knowledge of principles and methods for moving people or goods by air, rail, sea
  Biology (imp:1.77 lvl:1.03) — Knowledge of plant and animal organisms, their tissues, cells, functions, interd
  Engineering and Technology (imp:1.70 lvl:1.11) — Knowledge of the practical application of engineering science and technology. Th
  Design (imp:1.59) — Knowledge of design techniques, tools, and principles involved in production of 
  Therapy and Counseling (imp:1.54 lvl:0.70) — Knowledge of principles, methods, and procedures for diagnosis, treatment, and r
  Sociology and Anthropology (imp:1.52) — Knowledge of group behavior and dynamics, societal trends and influences, human 
  Geography (imp:1.42 lvl:0.56) — Knowledge of principles and methods for describing the features of land, sea, an
  Philosophy and Theology (imp:1.41 lvl:0.70) — Knowledge of different philosophical systems and religions. This includes their 
  Foreign Language (imp:1.38 lvl:0.50) — Knowledge of the structure and content of a foreign (non-English) language inclu
  Food Production (imp:1.33) — Knowledge of techniques and equipment for planting, growing, and harvesting food
  Mechanical (imp:1.26) — Knowledge of machines and tools, including their designs, uses, repair, and main
  Physics (imp:1.25) — Knowledge and prediction of physical principles, laws, their interrelationships,
  Chemistry (imp:1.20) — Knowledge of the chemical composition, structure, and properties of substances a
  Building and Construction (imp:1.17) — Knowledge of materials, methods, and the tools involved in the construction or r
  Fine Arts (imp:1.11) — Knowledge of the theory and techniques required to compose, produce, and perform
  History and Archeology (imp:1.08) — Knowledge of historical events and their causes, indicators, and effects on civi

--- ABILITIES ---
  Written Comprehension (imp:3.62 lvl:3.25) — The ability to read and understand information and ideas presented in writing.
  Near Vision (imp:3.62 lvl:3.62) — The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the observer).
  Oral Expression (imp:3.50 lvl:3.75) — The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will unde
  Information Ordering (imp:3.50 lvl:3.25) — The ability to arrange things or actions in a certain order or pattern according
  Oral Comprehension (imp:3.38 lvl:3.50) — The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through 
  Written Expression (imp:3.38 lvl:3.00) — The ability to communicate information and ideas in writing so others will under
  Speech Recognition (imp:3.38 lvl:3.38) — The ability to identify and understand the speech of another person.
  Problem Sensitivity (imp:3.25 lvl:3.12) — The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does no
  Speech Clarity (imp:3.25 lvl:3.00) — The ability to speak clearly so others can understand you.
  Deductive Reasoning (imp:3.12 lvl:3.38) — The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that 
  Category Flexibility (imp:3.12 lvl:3.00) — The ability to generate or use different sets of rules for combining or grouping
  Number Facility (imp:3.12 lvl:3.00) — The ability to add, subtract, multiply, or divide quickly and correctly.
  Inductive Reasoning (imp:3.00 lvl:3.12) — The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusion
  Mathematical Reasoning (imp:2.88 lvl:2.75) — The ability to choose the right mathematical methods or formulas to solve a prob
  Flexibility of Closure (imp:2.88 lvl:2.62) — The ability to identify or detect a known pattern (a figure, object, word, or so
  Selective Attention (imp:2.75 lvl:2.50) — The ability to concentrate on a task over a period of time without being distrac
  Perceptual Speed (imp:2.62 lvl:2.50) — The ability to quickly and accurately compare similarities and differences among
  Memorization (imp:2.50 lvl:2.62) — The ability to remember information such as words, numbers, pictures, and proced
  Speed of Closure (imp:2.38 lvl:2.38) — The ability to quickly make sense of, combine, and organize information into mea
  Wrist-Finger Speed (imp:2.38 lvl:2.25) — The ability to make fast, simple, repeated movements of the fingers, hands, and 
  Trunk Strength (imp:2.25 lvl:1.88) — The ability to use your abdominal and lower back muscles to support part of the 
  Fluency of Ideas (imp:2.12 lvl:2.00) — The ability to come up with a number of ideas about a topic (the number of ideas
  Time Sharing (imp:2.12 lvl:2.00) — The ability to shift back and forth between two or more activities or sources of
  Far Vision (imp:2.12 lvl:1.88) — The ability to see details at a distance.
  Auditory Attention (imp:2.12 lvl:1.75) — The ability to focus on a single source of sound in the presence of other distra
  Originality (imp:2.00 lvl:1.75) — The ability to come up with unusual or clever ideas about a given topic or situa
  Visualization (imp:1.88 lvl:1.50) — The ability to imagine how something will look after it is moved around or when 
  Arm-Hand Steadiness (imp:1.88 lvl:1.38) — The ability to keep your hand and arm steady while moving your arm or while hold
  Manual Dexterity (imp:1.88 lvl:1.25) — The ability to quickly move your hand, your hand together with your arm, or your
  Finger Dexterity (imp:1.88 lvl:1.50) — The ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the fingers of one or bot
  Control Precision (imp:1.75 lvl:1.25) — The ability to quickly and repeatedly adjust the controls of a machine or a vehi
  Visual Color Discrimination (imp:1.75 lvl:1.25) — The ability to match or detect differences between colors, including shades of c
  Dynamic Strength (imp:1.62 lvl:0.75) — The ability to exert muscle force repeatedly or continuously over time. This inv
  Hearing Sensitivity (imp:1.62 lvl:1.00) — The ability to detect or tell the differences between sounds that vary in pitch 
  Response Orientation (imp:1.12 lvl:0.25) — The ability to choose quickly between two or more movements in response to two o
  Sound Localization (imp:1.12 lvl:0.12) — The ability to tell the direction from which a sound originated.
  Spatial Orientation (imp:1.00) — The ability to know your location in relation to the environment or to know wher
  Multilimb Coordination (imp:1.00) — The ability to coordinate two or more limbs (for example, two arms, two legs, or
  Rate Control (imp:1.00) — The ability to time your movements or the movement of a piece of equipment in an
  Reaction Time (imp:1.00) — The ability to quickly respond (with the hand, finger, or foot) to a signal (sou
  Speed of Limb Movement (imp:1.00) — The ability to quickly move the arms and legs.
  Static Strength (imp:1.00) — The ability to exert maximum muscle force to lift, push, pull, or carry objects.
  Explosive Strength (imp:1.00) — The ability to use short bursts of muscle force to propel oneself (as in jumping
  Stamina (imp:1.00) — The ability to exert yourself physically over long periods of time without getti
  Extent Flexibility (imp:1.00) — The ability to bend, stretch, twist, or reach with your body, arms, and/or legs.
  Dynamic Flexibility (imp:1.00) — The ability to quickly and repeatedly bend, stretch, twist, or reach out with yo
  Gross Body Coordination (imp:1.00) — The ability to coordinate the movement of your arms, legs, and torso together wh
  Gross Body Equilibrium (imp:1.00) — The ability to keep or regain your body balance or stay upright when in an unsta
  Night Vision (imp:1.00) — The ability to see under low-light conditions.
  Peripheral Vision (imp:1.00) — The ability to see objects or movement of objects to one's side when the eyes ar
  Depth Perception (imp:1.00) — The ability to judge which of several objects is closer or farther away from you
  Glare Sensitivity (imp:1.00) — The ability to see objects in the presence of a glare or bright lighting.

--- WORK ACTIVITIES ---
  Working with Computers (imp:4.67 lvl:2.71) — Using computers and computer systems (including hardware and software) to progra
  Getting Information (imp:4.53 lvl:3.54) — Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from all relevant sour
  Processing Information (imp:4.28 lvl:3.88) — Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, or verifying
  Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates (imp:4.28 lvl:2.72) — Providing information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone,
  Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge (imp:4.09 lvl:4.61) — Keeping up-to-date technically and applying new knowledge to your job.
  Evaluating Information to Determine Compliance with Standards (imp:3.90 lvl:3.09) — Using relevant information and individual judgment to determine whether events o
  Communicating with People Outside the Organization (imp:3.79 lvl:2.72) — Communicating with people outside the organization, representing the organizatio
  Performing Administrative Activities (imp:3.75 lvl:2.65) — Performing day-to-day administrative tasks such as maintaining information files
  Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work (imp:3.72 lvl:4.01) — Developing specific goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and accomplish your
  Documenting/Recording Information (imp:3.60 lvl:2.17) — Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining information in writte
  Making Decisions and Solving Problems (imp:3.39 lvl:3.41) — Analyzing information and evaluating results to choose the best solution and sol
  Analyzing Data or Information (imp:3.24 lvl:3.12) — Identifying the underlying principles, reasons, or facts of information by break
  Monitoring Processes, Materials, or Surroundings (imp:2.86 lvl:2.50) — Monitoring and reviewing information from materials, events, or the environment,
  Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others (imp:2.85 lvl:1.85) — Translating or explaining what information means and how it can be used.
  Resolving Conflicts and Negotiating with Others (imp:2.78 lvl:2.41) — Handling complaints, settling disputes, and resolving grievances and conflicts, 
  Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events (imp:2.77 lvl:2.23) — Identifying information by categorizing, estimating, recognizing differences or 
  Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships (imp:2.73 lvl:2.62) — Developing constructive and cooperative working relationships with others, and m
  Coordinating the Work and Activities of Others (imp:2.65 lvl:1.90) — Getting members of a group to work together to accomplish tasks.
  Assisting and Caring for Others (imp:2.60 lvl:1.78) — Providing personal assistance, medical attention, emotional support, or other pe
  Scheduling Work and Activities (imp:2.54 lvl:2.07) — Scheduling events, programs, and activities, as well as the work of others.
  Training and Teaching Others (imp:2.54 lvl:1.92) — Identifying the educational needs of others, developing formal educational or tr
  Thinking Creatively (imp:2.48 lvl:2.26) — Developing, designing, or creating new applications, ideas, relationships, syste
  Coaching and Developing Others (imp:2.43 lvl:2.26) — Identifying the developmental needs of others and coaching, mentoring, or otherw
  Developing Objectives and Strategies (imp:2.28 lvl:1.66) — Establishing long-range objectives and specifying the strategies and actions to 
  Developing and Building Teams (imp:2.27 lvl:1.23) — Encouraging and building mutual trust, respect, and cooperation among team membe
  Providing Consultation and Advice to Others (imp:2.27 lvl:1.36) — Providing guidance and expert advice to management or other groups on technical,
  Performing for or Working Directly with the Public (imp:2.17 lvl:1.48) — Performing for people or dealing directly with the public. This includes serving
  Handling and Moving Objects (imp:2.11 lvl:1.53) — Using hands and arms in handling, installing, positioning, and moving materials,
  Guiding, Directing, and Motivating Subordinates (imp:1.89 lvl:1.20) — Providing guidance and direction to subordinates, including setting performance 
  Estimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or Information (imp:1.84 lvl:1.03) — Estimating sizes, distances, and quantities; or determining time, costs, resourc
  Judging the Qualities of Objects, Services, or People (imp:1.72 lvl:1.17) — Assessing the value, importance, or quality of things or people.
  Controlling Machines and Processes (imp:1.63 lvl:0.74) — Using either control mechanisms or direct physical activity to operate machines 
  Performing General Physical Activities (imp:1.60 lvl:0.74) — Performing general physical activities includes doing activities that require co
  Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Materials (imp:1.59 lvl:0.78) — Inspecting equipment, structures, or materials to identify the cause of errors o
  Selling or Influencing Others (imp:1.53 lvl:0.73) — Convincing others to buy merchandise/goods or to otherwise change their minds or
  Monitoring and Controlling Resources (imp:1.50 lvl:0.88) — Monitoring and controlling resources and overseeing the spending of money.
  Operating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or Equipment (imp:1.49 lvl:0.66) — Running, maneuvering, navigating, or driving vehicles or mechanized equipment, s
  Staffing Organizational Units (imp:1.43 lvl:0.59) — Recruiting, interviewing, selecting, hiring, and promoting employees in an organ
  Repairing and Maintaining Electronic Equipment (imp:1.31) — Servicing, repairing, calibrating, regulating, fine-tuning, or testing machines,
  Drafting, Laying Out, and Specifying Technical Devices, Parts, and Equipment (imp:1.26 lvl:0.40) — Providing documentation, detailed instructions, drawings, or specifications to t
  Repairing and Maintaining Mechanical Equipment (imp:1.24 lvl:0.38) — Servicing, repairing, adjusting, and testing machines, devices, moving parts, an

--- WORK STYLES ---
  Dependability (imp:3.00) — A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related o
  Attention to Detail (imp:2.74) — A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
  Dependability (imp:2.47) — A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related o
  Integrity (imp:2.10) — A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
  Attention to Detail (imp:2.00) — A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
  Cautiousness (imp:1.79) — A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related
  Integrity (imp:1.00) — A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
  Perseverance (imp:0.86) — A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in 
  Cooperation (imp:0.80) — A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
  Achievement Orientation (imp:0.77) — A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, 
  Self-Control (imp:0.75) — A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in res
  Stress Tolerance (imp:0.66) — A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
  Sincerity (imp:0.53) — A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, withou
  Self-Confidence (imp:0.34) — A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control 
  Initiative (imp:0.25) — A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may
  Social Orientation (imp:0.20) — A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
  Humility (imp:0.17) — A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
  Adaptability (imp:0.09) — A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas 
  Optimism (imp:0.02) — A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even un
  Innovation () — A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on 
  Achievement Orientation () — A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, 
  Intellectual Curiosity () — A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep 
  Tolerance for Ambiguity () — A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
  Initiative () — A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may
  Adaptability () — A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas 
  Self-Confidence () — A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control 
  Perseverance () — A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in 
  Leadership Orientation () — A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
  Humility () — A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
  Sincerity () — A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, withou
  Empathy () — A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feel
  Cooperation () — A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
  Optimism () — A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even un
  Social Orientation () — A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
  Cautiousness () — A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related
  Stress Tolerance () — A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
  Self-Control () — A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in res
  Empathy (imp:-0.01) — A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feel
  Intellectual Curiosity (imp:-0.09) — A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep 
  Innovation (imp:-0.37) — A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on 
  Leadership Orientation (imp:-0.49) — A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
  Tolerance for Ambiguity (imp:-0.73) — A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.

--- TRANSFERABLE SKILLS ---
  Time Management (imp:3.12 lvl:2.75) — Managing one's own time and the time of others.
  Social Perceptiveness (imp:2.88 lvl:2.62) — Being aware of others' reactions and understanding why they react as they do.
  Service Orientation (imp:2.88 lvl:2.75) — Actively looking for ways to help people.
  Complex Problem Solving (imp:2.88 lvl:2.62) — Identifying complex problems and reviewing related information to develop and ev
  Judgment and Decision Making (imp:2.88 lvl:2.75) — Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential actions to choose the m
  Coordination (imp:2.75 lvl:2.62) — Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions.
  Negotiation (imp:2.25 lvl:2.25) — Bringing others together and trying to reconcile differences.
  Systems Analysis (imp:2.25 lvl:2.12) — Determining how a system should work and how changes in conditions, operations, 
  Systems Evaluation (imp:2.25 lvl:2.25) — Identifying measures or indicators of system performance and the actions needed 
  Management of Personnel Resources (imp:2.25 lvl:2.12) — Motivating, developing, and directing people as they work, identifying the best 
  Persuasion (imp:2.12 lvl:2.12) — Persuading others to change their minds or behavior.
  Instructing (imp:2.12 lvl:2.38) — Teaching others how to do something.
  Programming (imp:2.00 lvl:1.12) — Writing computer programs for various purposes.
  Operations Monitoring (imp:1.88 lvl:1.38) — Watching gauges, dials, or other indicators to make sure a machine is working pr
  Quality Control Analysis (imp:1.75 lvl:1.12) — Conducting tests and inspections of products, services, or processes to evaluate
  Troubleshooting (imp:1.62 lvl:1.00) — Determining causes of operating errors and deciding what to do about it.
  Management of Material Resources (imp:1.62 lvl:0.88) — Obtaining and seeing to the appropriate use of equipment, facilities, and materi
  Operation and Control (imp:1.50 lvl:1.00) — Controlling operations of equipment or systems.
  Repairing (imp:1.50 lvl:0.88) — Repairing machines or systems using the needed tools.
  Management of Financial Resources (imp:1.50 lvl:0.88) — Determining how money will be spent to get the work done, and accounting for the
  Equipment Selection (imp:1.38 lvl:0.50) — Determining the kind of tools and equipment needed to do a job.
  Equipment Maintenance (imp:1.38 lvl:0.50) — Performing routine maintenance on equipment and determining when and what kind o
  Operations Analysis (imp:1.25 lvl:0.38) — Analyzing needs and product requirements to create a design.
  Technology Design (imp:1.25 lvl:0.38) — Generating or adapting equipment and technology to serve user needs.
  Installation (imp:1.00) — Installing equipment, machines, wiring, or programs to meet specifications.

--- NATIONAL WAGES ---
  total_employment : 404,060
  annual_median    : $48,500
  annual_pct10     : $37,290
  annual_pct25     : $42,840
  annual_pct75     : $58,290
  annual_pct90     : $67,710
  annual_mean      : $51,070
  hourly_median    : $23.32

--- GEOGRAPHIC DISPERSION ---
  highest_state    : District of Columbia ($64,330)
  lowest_state     : Guam ($26,900)
  dispersion_ratio : 2.391x

--- TOP STATES BY WAGE (54 total) ---
  Health Care and Social Assistance        emp:  175,780  median: $  48,240
  Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services emp:   62,400  median: $  48,850
  Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services emp:   28,470  median: $  48,270
  Management of Companies and Enterprises  emp:   27,520  median: $  48,940
  Finance and Insurance                    emp:   17,060  median: $  49,290
  Wholesale Trade                          emp:   15,670  median: $  48,570
  Retail Trade                             emp:   12,450  median: $  45,930
  Transportation and Warehousing           emp:   11,020  median: $  46,400
  Federal, State, and Local Government, excluding State and Local Government Schools and Hospitals and the U.S. Postal Service (OEWS Designation) emp:   10,950  median: $  48,790
  Construction                             emp:    9,590  median: $  51,900

--- TOP INDUSTRIES BY EMPLOYMENT (20 total) ---
  Health Care and Social Assistance        emp:  175,780  median: $  48,240
  Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services emp:   62,400  median: $  48,850
  Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services emp:   28,470  median: $  48,270
  Management of Companies and Enterprises  emp:   27,520  median: $  48,940
  Finance and Insurance                    emp:   17,060  median: $  49,290
  Wholesale Trade                          emp:   15,670  median: $  48,570
  Retail Trade                             emp:   12,450  median: $  45,930
  Transportation and Warehousing           emp:   11,020  median: $  46,400
  Federal, State, and Local Government, excluding State and Local Government Schools and Hospitals and the U.S. Postal Service (OEWS Designation) emp:   10,950  median: $  48,790
  Construction                             emp:    9,590  median: $  51,900

exact_match_status : no_exact_match
matched_title      : N/A
match_score        : 0.0000
wikidata_qid       : N/A
word_count         : 0
wikipedia_url      : N/A
license            : CC BY-SA 4.0
fetched_at         : 2026-06-02T22:22:47.898038Z

--- SEMANTIC NEIGHBORS (5) ---

  Title: Women in the United States (similarity: 0.3846)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women_in_the_United_States
  QID: Q17514041
  Extract: The legal status of women in the United States has advanced significantly over the past two centuries, but not yet equal to that of men in comparison to other high-income democracies.

  Title: Robert Rogers, Baron Lisvane (similarity: 0.2222)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Rogers%2C_Baron_Lisvane
  QID: Q7349356
  Extract: Robert James Rogers, Baron Lisvane,, FLSW is a British life peer and retired public servant. He served as Clerk of the House of Commons from October 2011 until August 2014.

  Title: Retail clerk (similarity: 0.4211)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retail_clerk
  QID: Q5803091
  Extract: A retail clerk, also known as a sales clerk, shop clerk, retail associate, or shop assistant, sales assistant or customer service assistant, is a service role in a retail business.

  Title: Kevin Smith (similarity: 0.2703)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kevin_Smith
  QID: Q489831
  Extract: Kevin Patrick Smith is an American filmmaker. He came to prominence with the low-budget comedy film Clerks (1994), which he wrote, directed, co-produced, co-edited, and acted in as the character Silent Bob of stoner duo Jay and Silent Bob. These characters also appeared in Smith's later films Mallra

  Title: 4chan (similarity: 0.1290)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4chan
  QID: Q238330
  Extract: 4chan is an anonymous English-language imageboard website. Launched by Christopher "moot" Poole in October 2003, the site hosts boards dedicated to a wide variety of topics, including video games, television, literature, cooking, weapons, music, history, technology, anime, physical fitness, politics

model_pass1          : claude-sonnet-4-20250514
model_pass2          : claude-haiku-4-5-20251001
inference_confidence : high
confidence_notes     : Strong confidence based on comprehensive O*NET data including detailed task descriptions, work activities, and industry employment statistics. BLS wage data provides robust market intelligence, and clear skill/knowledge profiles support all analytical components.
inferred_at          : 2026-06-03T22:11:19.384017+00:00
tokens_input         : 4,610
tokens_output        : 4,270
cost_usd             : $0.046200
wikipedia_used       : False
wikipedia_title      : None
wikipedia_note       : No exact Wikipedia match found for billing and posting clerks. The closest semantic match was 'Retail clerk' with 0.421 similarity, but this represents a different occupational category focused on sales rather than financial record processing.

--- PROSE FIELDS ---

ROLE SUMMARY:
Billing and Posting Clerks compile, compute, and record billing, accounting, and numerical data for billing purposes, preparing invoices for services rendered or goods delivered. They verify billing accuracy, resolve discrepancies, and maintain financial records using computer systems and office equipment. This role serves as a critical link between financial operations and customer service, ensuring accurate billing processes across healthcare, professional services, and administrative organizations.

DAY IN THE LIFE:
A typical day involves verifying the accuracy of billing data and correcting any errors found in customer accounts or service records. They prepare itemized statements and invoices by reviewing purchase orders, sales tickets, or service records to compute fees, discounts, and charges. Much of their time is spent working with computers, using software like QuickBooks, Excel, or industry-specific systems like Epic or MEDITECH to process information and maintain financial records. They regularly contact customers to obtain or relay account information, resolve billing discrepancies, and ensure compliance with billing standards. The role requires operating various office equipment including adding machines and billing systems while keeping detailed records of all invoices and supporting documents.

WHO THRIVES:
Individuals who excel in this role demonstrate strong attention to detail and dependability, as billing accuracy is critical to organizational finances and customer satisfaction. They possess solid mathematical abilities and information ordering skills, allowing them to process numerical data systematically and identify discrepancies or errors. Strong written and oral communication abilities enable them to interact effectively with customers, colleagues, and supervisors when resolving account issues or explaining billing procedures. The conventional work style preference indicates comfort with structured, rule-based processes and established procedures, making them reliable stewards of financial data and billing compliance.

CAREER ENTRY:
Most positions require some college coursework (51.5% of workers) or a high school diploma with additional training (20.7% of workers), with many employers preferring post-secondary certificates in business or accounting (16.6% of workers). Entry-level candidates benefit from coursework in accounting, business administration, or computer applications, along with proficiency in common office software like Excel and QuickBooks. Previous experience in customer service, data entry, or basic bookkeeping provides valuable preparation for the role's blend of technical accuracy and customer interaction requirements.

CAREER TRAJECTORY:
Billing clerks commonly advance to specialized accounting positions such as accounts payable or receivable analysts, bookkeeping roles, or customer service supervisory positions. The strong foundation in financial record-keeping and customer interaction opens pathways to accounting assistant roles, office management positions, or specialized billing coordinator roles in healthcare or professional services. Some may pursue additional education to become full accountants or transition into related administrative management positions within their industry sector.

MARKET INTELLIGENCE:
With 404,060 employed nationally, billing clerks earn a median annual salary of $48,500 (BLS OEWS May 2025), with wages ranging from $37,290 to $67,710 across the 10th to 90th percentiles. Geographic variation is significant, with District of Columbia offering the highest wages at $64,330 compared to Guam's $26,900, representing a 2.39x differential. Healthcare and social assistance employs the largest number (175,780), followed by professional services (62,400) and administrative support services (28,470). The healthcare sector's dominance reflects the complex billing requirements of medical services, insurance processing, and patient account management, creating stable demand for skilled billing professionals.

AUTOMATION OUTLOOK:
While routine data entry and calculation tasks face moderate automation risk, the role's emphasis on error resolution, customer communication, and compliance evaluation provides protection against displacement. The high importance of evaluating information for compliance (3.9 importance) and communicating with people outside the organization (3.8 importance) requires human judgment and interpersonal skills that remain difficult to automate fully.

--- REASONED EDGES ---
  [skill_overlap] Bookkeeping, Accounting, and Auditing Clerks (43-3031.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both roles share high importance in administrative knowledge (4.4) and financial record maintenance activities.
    data: Administrative knowledge importance 4.4
    data: Financial record maintenance tasks
    data: Job Zone 3 preparation level
  [task_similarity] Customer Service Representatives (43-4051.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both roles involve communicating with people outside the organization (3.8 importance) and customer contact for account information.
    data: Communicating with People Outside Organization 3.8 importance
    data: Customer and Personal Service knowledge 4.2 importance
    data: Contact customers task
  [knowledge_overlap] Insurance Claims and Policy Processing Clerks (43-9041.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both positions require strong administrative knowledge (4.4) and economics/accounting knowledge (3.5) for processing financial documents.
    data: Administrative knowledge 4.4 importance
    data: Economics and Accounting knowledge 3.5
    data: Processing Information activity 4.3 importance
  [riasec_cluster] Payroll and Timekeeping Clerks (43-3051.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both roles exhibit strong Conventional orientation (C:7.00) emphasizing structured, detail-oriented work with financial data.
    data: Conventional RIASEC 7.00
    data: Job Zone 3 level
    data: Financial record keeping tasks
  [career_pathway] Bill and Account Collectors (43-3011.00) — confidence:medium
    reasoning: Billing clerks naturally progress to collection roles through their customer contact experience and account management knowledge.
    data: Customer contact tasks
    data: Account information management
    data: Customer and Personal Service knowledge 4.2

--- NORMALIZER SIGNALS ---
  match_keywords   : ['billing clerk', 'posting clerk', 'accounts receivable', 'accounts payable', 'billing specialist', 'billing coordinator', 'invoice clerk', 'billing analyst']
  exclude_keywords : ['medical billing', 'collection agent', 'bookkeeper', 'accountant', 'auditor']
  title_patterns   : ['billing', 'posting', 'accounts', 'invoice', 'billing and posting']
  common_variations: ['billing and posting clerk', 'billing clerk', 'posting clerk', 'accounts receivable clerk', 'accounts payable clerk', 'billing specialist', 'invoice clerk', 'billing coordinator']

total_terms    : 40
top_words      : ['tendency', 'others', 'equipment', 'billing', 'financial', 'services', 'records', 'principles', 'customer', 'materials', 'problems', 'procedures', 'includes', 'control', 'objects', 'machines', 'customers', 'sales', 'ideas', 'costs']
source_layers  : onet_tasks | onet_dimensions | dwas | wikipedia | inference

TERM                    COUNT     FREQ  DOMINANT SOURCE      SOURCE BREAKDOWN
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
tendency                   42  0.01454  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
others                     39  0.01350  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:97%  wikipedia:3%
equipment                  38  0.01316  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:61%  dwas:18%  onet_tasks:16%
billing                    22  0.00762  inference            inference:82%  onet_tasks:18%
financial                  21  0.00727  dwas                 dwas:57%  inference:29%  onet_dimensions:14%
services                   19  0.00658  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:32%  inference:32%  onet_tasks:26%
records                    16  0.00554  dwas                 dwas:38%  inference:31%  onet_tasks:25%
principles                 16  0.00554  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
customer                   14  0.00485  inference            inference:57%  onet_dimensions:29%  dwas:7%
materials                  14  0.00485  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:71%  dwas:29%
problems                   13  0.00450  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:69%  onet_tasks:15%  dwas:15%
procedures                 12  0.00415  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:67%  inference:17%  onet_tasks:8%
includes                   12  0.00415  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
control                    12  0.00415  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
objects                    12  0.00415  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
machines                   11  0.00381  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:64%  onet_tasks:27%  inference:9%
customers                  11  0.00381  onet_tasks           onet_tasks:45%  onet_dimensions:27%  inference:18%
sales                      11  0.00381  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:27%  dwas:27%  wikipedia:18%
ideas                      11  0.00381  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
costs                      10  0.00346  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:40%  dwas:40%  onet_tasks:20%
goods                      10  0.00346  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:40%  onet_tasks:30%  dwas:20%
accounting                 10  0.00346  inference            inference:50%  onet_dimensions:30%  onet_tasks:20%
rules                      10  0.00346  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:80%  onet_tasks:20%
production                 10  0.00346  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:80%  onet_tasks:10%  wikipedia:10%
management                 10  0.00346  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:70%  inference:30%
techniques                 10  0.00346  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
body                       10  0.00346  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
service                     9  0.00312  inference            inference:56%  onet_dimensions:22%  wikipedia:22%
standards                   9  0.00312  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:89%  inference:11%
resources                   9  0.00312  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
quickly                     9  0.00312  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
activities                  9  0.00312  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
orientation                 9  0.00312  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
documents                   8  0.00277  onet_tasks           onet_tasks:50%  dwas:25%  onet_dimensions:12%
account                     8  0.00277  dwas                 dwas:50%  inference:38%  onet_tasks:12%
checks                      8  0.00277  onet_tasks           onet_tasks:100%
hand                        8  0.00277  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:88%  onet_tasks:12%
administrative              8  0.00277  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:50%  inference:38%  onet_tasks:12%
monitoring                  8  0.00277  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
needs                       8  0.00277  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%