[Core] [109% incumbents] Obtain signed receipts for registered, certified, and insured mail, collect associated charges, and complete any necessary paperwork.
  DWAs: Obtain written authorization to perform activities. | Collect deposits, payments or fees.

[Core] [109% incumbents] Return to the post office with mail collected from homes, businesses, and public mailboxes.
  DWAs: Route mail to correct destinations.

[Core] [109% incumbents] Sort mail for delivery, arranging it in delivery sequence.
  DWAs: Sort mail.

[Core] [109% incumbents] Deliver mail to residences and business establishments along specified routes by walking or driving, using a combination of satchels, carts, cars, and small trucks.
  DWAs: Deliver items.

[Core] [109% incumbents] Sign for cash-on-delivery and registered mail before leaving the post office.
  DWAs: Perform administrative or clerical tasks.

[Core] [109% incumbents] Hold mail for customers who are away from delivery locations.
  DWAs: Route mail to correct destinations.

[Core] [109% incumbents] Turn in money and receipts collected along mail routes.
  DWAs: Collect deposits, payments or fees.

[Core] [109% incumbents] Leave notices telling patrons where to collect mail that could not be delivered.
  DWAs: Provide notifications to customers or patrons.

[Core] [109% incumbents] Maintain accurate records of deliveries.
  DWAs: Record shipping information.

[Core] [109% incumbents] Bundle mail in preparation for delivery or transportation to relay boxes.
  DWAs: Package objects for shipping.

[Core] [109% incumbents] Answer customers' questions about postal services and regulations.
  DWAs: Explain regulations, policies, or procedures.

[Core] [109% incumbents] Provide customers with change of address cards and other forms.
  DWAs: Provide notifications to customers or patrons.

[Supplemental] [109% incumbents] Register, certify, and insure parcels and letters.
  DWAs: Arrange insurance coverage. | Prepare outgoing mail.

[Supplemental] [109% incumbents] Sell stamps and money orders.
  DWAs: Sell products or services.

[Core] [108% incumbents] Scan labels on letters or parcels to confirm receipt.
  DWAs: Enter information into databases or software programs.

[Core] [108% incumbents] Meet schedules for the collection and return of mail.
  DWAs: Deliver items. | Route mail to correct destinations.

[Core] [108% incumbents] Record address changes and redirect mail for those addresses.
  DWAs: Maintain financial or account records. | Route mail to correct destinations.

[Core] [108% incumbents] Return incorrectly addressed mail to senders.
  DWAs: Route mail to correct destinations.

[Core] [108% incumbents] Report any unusual circumstances concerning mail delivery, including the condition of street letter boxes.
  DWAs: Report maintenance or equipment problems to appropriate personnel.

[Supplemental] [108% incumbents] Travel to post offices to pick up the mail for routes or pick up mail from postal relay boxes.
  DWAs: Operate vehicles or material-moving equipment.

[Supplemental] [108% incumbents] Complete forms that notify publishers of address changes.
  DWAs: Prepare documentation for contracts, transactions, or regulatory compliance.

--- SKILLS ---
  Active Listening (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand
  Speaking (imp:3.00 lvl:2.75) — Talking to others to convey information effectively.
  Critical Thinking (imp:3.00 lvl:2.75) — Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternativ
  Reading Comprehension (imp:2.62 lvl:2.88) — Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work-related documents.
  Monitoring (imp:2.62 lvl:2.25) — Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or organization
  Writing (imp:2.12 lvl:2.12) — Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the audienc
  Active Learning (imp:2.00 lvl:2.00) — Understanding the implications of new information for both current and future pr
  Learning Strategies (imp:1.75 lvl:1.12) — Selecting and using training/instructional methods and procedures appropriate fo
  Mathematics (imp:1.62 lvl:1.12) — Using mathematics to solve problems.
  Science (imp:1.00) — Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems.

--- KNOWLEDGE ---
  Customer and Personal Service (imp:4.25 lvl:4.70) — Knowledge of principles and processes for providing customer and personal servic
  English Language (imp:3.25 lvl:2.99) — Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the mea
  Public Safety and Security (imp:3.21 lvl:2.89) — Knowledge of relevant equipment, policies, procedures, and strategies to promote
  Sales and Marketing (imp:3.15 lvl:2.93) — Knowledge of principles and methods for showing, promoting, and selling products
  Transportation (imp:2.96 lvl:2.78) — Knowledge of principles and methods for moving people or goods by air, rail, sea
  Administration and Management (imp:2.86 lvl:2.58) — Knowledge of business and management principles involved in strategic planning, 
  Production and Processing (imp:2.73 lvl:2.37) — Knowledge of raw materials, production processes, quality control, costs, and ot
  Education and Training (imp:2.65 lvl:3.06) — Knowledge of principles and methods for curriculum and training design, teaching
  Administrative (imp:2.47 lvl:2.39) — Knowledge of administrative and office procedures and systems such as word proce
  Mathematics (imp:2.35 lvl:1.98) — Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their appl
  Geography (imp:2.27 lvl:2.01) — Knowledge of principles and methods for describing the features of land, sea, an
  Personnel and Human Resources (imp:2.18 lvl:1.94) — Knowledge of principles and procedures for personnel recruitment, selection, tra
  Law and Government (imp:2.14 lvl:2.11) — Knowledge of laws, legal codes, court procedures, precedents, government regulat
  Psychology (imp:2.13 lvl:2.07) — Knowledge of human behavior and performance; individual differences in ability, 
  Computers and Electronics (imp:2.06 lvl:1.73) — Knowledge of circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and comput
  Communications and Media (imp:2.00 lvl:1.78) — Knowledge of media production, communication, and dissemination techniques and m
  Telecommunications (imp:1.81 lvl:0.76) — Knowledge of transmission, broadcasting, switching, control, and operation of te
  Mechanical (imp:1.61 lvl:1.16) — Knowledge of machines and tools, including their designs, uses, repair, and main
  Foreign Language (imp:1.60 lvl:0.75) — Knowledge of the structure and content of a foreign (non-English) language inclu
  Economics and Accounting (imp:1.57 lvl:0.85) — Knowledge of economic and accounting principles and practices, the financial mar
  Sociology and Anthropology (imp:1.50 lvl:0.91) — Knowledge of group behavior and dynamics, societal trends and influences, human 
  Chemistry (imp:1.45 lvl:0.92) — Knowledge of the chemical composition, structure, and properties of substances a
  Design (imp:1.40 lvl:0.61) — Knowledge of design techniques, tools, and principles involved in production of 
  Therapy and Counseling (imp:1.37 lvl:0.48) — Knowledge of principles, methods, and procedures for diagnosis, treatment, and r
  Engineering and Technology (imp:1.28 lvl:0.35) — Knowledge of the practical application of engineering science and technology. Th
  Medicine and Dentistry (imp:1.24 lvl:0.51) — Knowledge of the information and techniques needed to diagnose and treat human i
  Philosophy and Theology (imp:1.22 lvl:0.62) — Knowledge of different philosophical systems and religions. This includes their 
  Physics (imp:1.21) — Knowledge and prediction of physical principles, laws, their interrelationships,
  Building and Construction (imp:1.16 lvl:0.30) — Knowledge of materials, methods, and the tools involved in the construction or r
  History and Archeology (imp:1.13) — Knowledge of historical events and their causes, indicators, and effects on civi
  Food Production (imp:1.04) — Knowledge of techniques and equipment for planting, growing, and harvesting food
  Biology (imp:1.03) — Knowledge of plant and animal organisms, their tissues, cells, functions, interd
  Fine Arts (imp:1.01) — Knowledge of the theory and techniques required to compose, produce, and perform

--- ABILITIES ---
  Information Ordering (imp:3.12 lvl:2.88) — The ability to arrange things or actions in a certain order or pattern according
  Near Vision (imp:3.12 lvl:3.00) — The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the observer).
  Oral Comprehension (imp:3.00 lvl:3.62) — The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through 
  Written Comprehension (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to read and understand information and ideas presented in writing.
  Problem Sensitivity (imp:3.00 lvl:2.75) — The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does no
  Category Flexibility (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to generate or use different sets of rules for combining or grouping
  Arm-Hand Steadiness (imp:3.00 lvl:2.88) — The ability to keep your hand and arm steady while moving your arm or while hold
  Trunk Strength (imp:3.00 lvl:2.62) — The ability to use your abdominal and lower back muscles to support part of the 
  Speech Recognition (imp:3.00 lvl:2.38) — The ability to identify and understand the speech of another person.
  Speech Clarity (imp:3.00 lvl:2.38) — The ability to speak clearly so others can understand you.
  Oral Expression (imp:2.88 lvl:3.50) — The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will unde
  Selective Attention (imp:2.88 lvl:2.75) — The ability to concentrate on a task over a period of time without being distrac
  Manual Dexterity (imp:2.88 lvl:3.00) — The ability to quickly move your hand, your hand together with your arm, or your
  Finger Dexterity (imp:2.88 lvl:2.88) — The ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the fingers of one or bot
  Control Precision (imp:2.88 lvl:3.00) — The ability to quickly and repeatedly adjust the controls of a machine or a vehi
  Multilimb Coordination (imp:2.88 lvl:2.88) — The ability to coordinate two or more limbs (for example, two arms, two legs, or
  Static Strength (imp:2.88 lvl:2.62) — The ability to exert maximum muscle force to lift, push, pull, or carry objects.
  Extent Flexibility (imp:2.88 lvl:2.75) — The ability to bend, stretch, twist, or reach with your body, arms, and/or legs.
  Deductive Reasoning (imp:2.75 lvl:2.75) — The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that 
  Inductive Reasoning (imp:2.75 lvl:2.75) — The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusion
  Flexibility of Closure (imp:2.75 lvl:2.25) — The ability to identify or detect a known pattern (a figure, object, word, or so
  Perceptual Speed (imp:2.75 lvl:2.62) — The ability to quickly and accurately compare similarities and differences among
  Stamina (imp:2.75 lvl:2.38) — The ability to exert yourself physically over long periods of time without getti
  Far Vision (imp:2.75 lvl:2.75) — The ability to see details at a distance.
  Time Sharing (imp:2.50 lvl:2.62) — The ability to shift back and forth between two or more activities or sources of
  Depth Perception (imp:2.38 lvl:2.38) — The ability to judge which of several objects is closer or farther away from you
  Auditory Attention (imp:2.38 lvl:2.25) — The ability to focus on a single source of sound in the presence of other distra
  Written Expression (imp:2.25 lvl:2.25) — The ability to communicate information and ideas in writing so others will under
  Spatial Orientation (imp:2.25 lvl:2.00) — The ability to know your location in relation to the environment or to know wher
  Gross Body Coordination (imp:2.25 lvl:2.00) — The ability to coordinate the movement of your arms, legs, and torso together wh
  Memorization (imp:2.12 lvl:1.25) — The ability to remember information such as words, numbers, pictures, and proced
  Response Orientation (imp:2.12 lvl:2.25) — The ability to choose quickly between two or more movements in response to two o
  Rate Control (imp:2.12 lvl:1.88) — The ability to time your movements or the movement of a piece of equipment in an
  Dynamic Strength (imp:2.12 lvl:2.00) — The ability to exert muscle force repeatedly or continuously over time. This inv
  Fluency of Ideas (imp:2.00 lvl:1.25) — The ability to come up with a number of ideas about a topic (the number of ideas
  Originality (imp:2.00 lvl:1.38) — The ability to come up with unusual or clever ideas about a given topic or situa
  Speed of Closure (imp:2.00 lvl:1.25) — The ability to quickly make sense of, combine, and organize information into mea
  Visualization (imp:2.00 lvl:1.88) — The ability to imagine how something will look after it is moved around or when 
  Reaction Time (imp:2.00 lvl:1.88) — The ability to quickly respond (with the hand, finger, or foot) to a signal (sou
  Wrist-Finger Speed (imp:2.00 lvl:1.12) — The ability to make fast, simple, repeated movements of the fingers, hands, and 
  Gross Body Equilibrium (imp:2.00 lvl:2.00) — The ability to keep or regain your body balance or stay upright when in an unsta
  Visual Color Discrimination (imp:2.00 lvl:1.88) — The ability to match or detect differences between colors, including shades of c
  Night Vision (imp:2.00 lvl:1.75) — The ability to see under low-light conditions.
  Peripheral Vision (imp:2.00 lvl:1.50) — The ability to see objects or movement of objects to one's side when the eyes ar
  Glare Sensitivity (imp:2.00 lvl:1.88) — The ability to see objects in the presence of a glare or bright lighting.
  Hearing Sensitivity (imp:2.00 lvl:2.00) — The ability to detect or tell the differences between sounds that vary in pitch 
  Sound Localization (imp:2.00 lvl:1.50) — The ability to tell the direction from which a sound originated.
  Number Facility (imp:1.75 lvl:1.25) — The ability to add, subtract, multiply, or divide quickly and correctly.
  Speed of Limb Movement (imp:1.75 lvl:1.25) — The ability to quickly move the arms and legs.
  Explosive Strength (imp:1.75 lvl:1.00) — The ability to use short bursts of muscle force to propel oneself (as in jumping
  Mathematical Reasoning (imp:1.62 lvl:1.00) — The ability to choose the right mathematical methods or formulas to solve a prob
  Dynamic Flexibility (imp:1.50 lvl:0.62) — The ability to quickly and repeatedly bend, stretch, twist, or reach out with yo

--- WORK ACTIVITIES ---
  Operating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or Equipment (imp:4.21 lvl:3.48) — Running, maneuvering, navigating, or driving vehicles or mechanized equipment, s
  Performing General Physical Activities (imp:4.08 lvl:4.52) — Performing general physical activities includes doing activities that require co
  Handling and Moving Objects (imp:3.94 lvl:5.59) — Using hands and arms in handling, installing, positioning, and moving materials,
  Getting Information (imp:3.48 lvl:3.44) — Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from all relevant sour
  Performing for or Working Directly with the Public (imp:3.46 lvl:3.54) — Performing for people or dealing directly with the public. This includes serving
  Communicating with People Outside the Organization (imp:3.35 lvl:3.08) — Communicating with people outside the organization, representing the organizatio
  Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships (imp:2.95 lvl:3.11) — Developing constructive and cooperative working relationships with others, and m
  Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates (imp:2.91 lvl:2.55) — Providing information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone,
  Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events (imp:2.90 lvl:2.66) — Identifying information by categorizing, estimating, recognizing differences or 
  Monitoring Processes, Materials, or Surroundings (imp:2.70 lvl:2.54) — Monitoring and reviewing information from materials, events, or the environment,
  Documenting/Recording Information (imp:2.67 lvl:2.03) — Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining information in writte
  Making Decisions and Solving Problems (imp:2.60 lvl:2.43) — Analyzing information and evaluating results to choose the best solution and sol
  Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work (imp:2.55 lvl:2.56) — Developing specific goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and accomplish your
  Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge (imp:2.48 lvl:2.48) — Keeping up-to-date technically and applying new knowledge to your job.
  Processing Information (imp:2.41 lvl:2.20) — Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, or verifying
  Evaluating Information to Determine Compliance with Standards (imp:2.34 lvl:1.93) — Using relevant information and individual judgment to determine whether events o
  Resolving Conflicts and Negotiating with Others (imp:2.34 lvl:1.57) — Handling complaints, settling disputes, and resolving grievances and conflicts, 
  Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Materials (imp:2.26 lvl:1.81) — Inspecting equipment, structures, or materials to identify the cause of errors o
  Performing Administrative Activities (imp:2.22 lvl:1.54) — Performing day-to-day administrative tasks such as maintaining information files
  Judging the Qualities of Objects, Services, or People (imp:2.20 lvl:1.84) — Assessing the value, importance, or quality of things or people.
  Training and Teaching Others (imp:2.16 lvl:1.58) — Identifying the educational needs of others, developing formal educational or tr
  Selling or Influencing Others (imp:2.13 lvl:1.59) — Convincing others to buy merchandise/goods or to otherwise change their minds or
  Estimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or Information (imp:2.07 lvl:1.53) — Estimating sizes, distances, and quantities; or determining time, costs, resourc
  Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others (imp:1.94 lvl:1.14) — Translating or explaining what information means and how it can be used.
  Assisting and Caring for Others (imp:1.89 lvl:1.51) — Providing personal assistance, medical attention, emotional support, or other pe
  Coaching and Developing Others (imp:1.88 lvl:1.47) — Identifying the developmental needs of others and coaching, mentoring, or otherw
  Providing Consultation and Advice to Others (imp:1.78 lvl:1.05) — Providing guidance and expert advice to management or other groups on technical,
  Working with Computers (imp:1.74 lvl:1.23) — Using computers and computer systems (including hardware and software) to progra
  Thinking Creatively (imp:1.72 lvl:1.29) — Developing, designing, or creating new applications, ideas, relationships, syste
  Analyzing Data or Information (imp:1.67 lvl:0.96) — Identifying the underlying principles, reasons, or facts of information by break
  Developing Objectives and Strategies (imp:1.61 lvl:0.89) — Establishing long-range objectives and specifying the strategies and actions to 
  Repairing and Maintaining Mechanical Equipment (imp:1.61 lvl:0.98) — Servicing, repairing, adjusting, and testing machines, devices, moving parts, an
  Scheduling Work and Activities (imp:1.58 lvl:1.02) — Scheduling events, programs, and activities, as well as the work of others.
  Guiding, Directing, and Motivating Subordinates (imp:1.55 lvl:0.81) — Providing guidance and direction to subordinates, including setting performance 
  Developing and Building Teams (imp:1.51 lvl:0.59) — Encouraging and building mutual trust, respect, and cooperation among team membe
  Coordinating the Work and Activities of Others (imp:1.50 lvl:0.75) — Getting members of a group to work together to accomplish tasks.
  Controlling Machines and Processes (imp:1.49 lvl:0.79) — Using either control mechanisms or direct physical activity to operate machines 
  Repairing and Maintaining Electronic Equipment (imp:1.40) — Servicing, repairing, calibrating, regulating, fine-tuning, or testing machines,
  Monitoring and Controlling Resources (imp:1.36 lvl:0.35) — Monitoring and controlling resources and overseeing the spending of money.
  Staffing Organizational Units (imp:1.25) — Recruiting, interviewing, selecting, hiring, and promoting employees in an organ
  Drafting, Laying Out, and Specifying Technical Devices, Parts, and Equipment (imp:1.23) — Providing documentation, detailed instructions, drawings, or specifications to t

--- WORK STYLES ---
  Dependability (imp:3.00) — A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related o
  Dependability (imp:2.65) — A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related o
  Attention to Detail (imp:2.16) — A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
  Integrity (imp:2.06) — A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
  Attention to Detail (imp:2.00) — A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
  Perseverance (imp:1.58) — A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in 
  Cooperation (imp:1.53) — A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
  Stress Tolerance (imp:1.38) — A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
  Self-Control (imp:1.31) — A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in res
  Cautiousness (imp:1.29) — A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related
  Social Orientation (imp:1.22) — A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
  Sincerity (imp:1.05) — A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, withou
  Integrity (imp:1.00) — A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
  Optimism (imp:0.98) — A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even un
  Achievement Orientation (imp:0.78) — A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, 
  Empathy (imp:0.71) — A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feel
  Adaptability (imp:0.64) — A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas 
  Humility (imp:0.61) — A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
  Self-Confidence (imp:0.60) — A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control 
  Initiative (imp:0.38) — A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may
  Innovation () — A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on 
  Achievement Orientation () — A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, 
  Intellectual Curiosity () — A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep 
  Tolerance for Ambiguity () — A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
  Initiative () — A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may
  Adaptability () — A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas 
  Self-Confidence () — A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control 
  Perseverance () — A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in 
  Leadership Orientation () — A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
  Humility () — A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
  Sincerity () — A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, withou
  Empathy () — A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feel
  Cooperation () — A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
  Optimism () — A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even un
  Social Orientation () — A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
  Cautiousness () — A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related
  Stress Tolerance () — A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
  Self-Control () — A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in res
  Tolerance for Ambiguity (imp:-0.23) — A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
  Intellectual Curiosity (imp:-0.30) — A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep 
  Leadership Orientation (imp:-0.32) — A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
  Innovation (imp:-0.37) — A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on 

--- TRANSFERABLE SKILLS ---
  Social Perceptiveness (imp:3.00 lvl:2.75) — Being aware of others' reactions and understanding why they react as they do.
  Time Management (imp:2.88 lvl:2.38) — Managing one's own time and the time of others.
  Coordination (imp:2.75 lvl:2.62) — Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions.
  Service Orientation (imp:2.62 lvl:2.12) — Actively looking for ways to help people.
  Judgment and Decision Making (imp:2.62 lvl:2.12) — Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential actions to choose the m
  Complex Problem Solving (imp:2.25 lvl:2.12) — Identifying complex problems and reviewing related information to develop and ev
  Operations Monitoring (imp:2.25 lvl:2.12) — Watching gauges, dials, or other indicators to make sure a machine is working pr
  Operation and Control (imp:2.25 lvl:2.12) — Controlling operations of equipment or systems.
  Persuasion (imp:2.00 lvl:2.12) — Persuading others to change their minds or behavior.
  Negotiation (imp:2.00 lvl:2.00) — Bringing others together and trying to reconcile differences.
  Systems Analysis (imp:2.00 lvl:1.25) — Determining how a system should work and how changes in conditions, operations, 
  Systems Evaluation (imp:2.00 lvl:1.12) — Identifying measures or indicators of system performance and the actions needed 
  Operations Analysis (imp:1.75 lvl:1.00) — Analyzing needs and product requirements to create a design.
  Quality Control Analysis (imp:1.75 lvl:0.88) — Conducting tests and inspections of products, services, or processes to evaluate
  Management of Material Resources (imp:1.38 lvl:0.50) — Obtaining and seeing to the appropriate use of equipment, facilities, and materi
  Instructing (imp:1.12 lvl:0.12) — Teaching others how to do something.
  Troubleshooting (imp:1.12 lvl:0.12) — Determining causes of operating errors and deciding what to do about it.
  Management of Financial Resources (imp:1.12 lvl:0.12) — Determining how money will be spent to get the work done, and accounting for the
  Technology Design (imp:1.00) — Generating or adapting equipment and technology to serve user needs.
  Equipment Selection (imp:1.00) — Determining the kind of tools and equipment needed to do a job.
  Installation (imp:1.00) — Installing equipment, machines, wiring, or programs to meet specifications.
  Programming (imp:1.00) — Writing computer programs for various purposes.
  Equipment Maintenance (imp:1.00) — Performing routine maintenance on equipment and determining when and what kind o
  Repairing (imp:1.00) — Repairing machines or systems using the needed tools.
  Management of Personnel Resources (imp:1.00) — Motivating, developing, and directing people as they work, identifying the best 

--- NATIONAL WAGES ---
  total_employment : 328,820
  annual_median    : $60,550
  annual_pct10     : $42,390
  annual_pct25     : $48,940
  annual_pct75     : $81,000
  annual_pct90     : $81,040
  annual_mean      : $62,540
  hourly_median    : $29.11

--- GEOGRAPHIC DISPERSION ---
  highest_state    : District of Columbia ($64,250)
  lowest_state     : Virgin Islands ($55,490)
  dispersion_ratio : 1.158x

--- TOP STATES BY WAGE (54 total) ---
  Transportation and Warehousing           emp:  328,820  median: $  60,550

--- TOP INDUSTRIES BY EMPLOYMENT (1 total) ---
  Transportation and Warehousing           emp:  328,820  median: $  60,550

exact_match_status : found
matched_title      : Mail carrier
match_score        : 0.6000
wikidata_qid       : Q2180295
word_count         : 1,707
wikipedia_url      : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mail_carrier
license            : CC BY-SA 4.0
fetched_at         : 2026-06-02T22:29:28.070514Z

--- WIKIPEDIA FULL TEXT ---
A mail carrier, also referred to as a mailman, mailperson, postal carrier, postman, postperson, person of post, letter carrier (in American English), or colloquially postie (in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom), is an employee of a post office or postal service who delivers mail and parcel post to residences and businesses. The term "mail carrier" came to be used as a gender-neutral substitute for "mailman" soon after women began performing the job. In the Royal Mail, the official name changed from "letter carrier" to "postman" in 1883, and "postwoman" has also been used for many years.


== United States ==
In the United States, there are three types of mail carriers: City Letter Carriers, who are represented by the National Association of Letter Carriers; Rural Carriers, who are represented by the National Rural Letter Carriers' Association; and Highway Contract Route carriers, who are independent contractors. While union membership is voluntary, city carriers are organized nearly 93 percent nationally.
City letter carriers are paid hourly with the potential for overtime. They are also subject to "pivoting" on a daily basis. When a carrier's assigned route will take less than 8 hours to complete, management may "pivot" said carrier to work on another route to fill that carrier up to 8 hours. Postal management uses this tool to redistribute and eliminate overtime costs, based on consultation with the carrier about his/her estimated workload for the day and mail volume projections from the DOIS (Delivery Operations Information System) computer program. Routes are adjusted and/or eliminated based on information (length, time, and overall workload) controlled by the program, consultations with the carrier assigned to the route, and a current PS Form 3999 (street observation by a postal supervisor to determine accurate times spent on actual delivery of mail).

Rural carriers are under a form of salary called "evaluated hours", usually with overtime built into their pay. The evaluated hours are created by having all mail counted for a period of two or four weeks, and a formula used to create the set dollar amount they will be paid for each day worked until the next time the route is counted.
Highway Contract Routes are awarded to the lowest bidder, and that person then either carries the route themselves or hires carriers to fulfill their contract to deliver the mail.
Letter carriers typically work urban routes that are high density and low mileage. Such routes are classified as either "mounted" routes (for those that require a vehicle) or "walking" routes (for those that are done on foot). When working a mounted route, letter carriers usually drive distinctive white vans with the logo of the United States Postal Service on the side and deliver to curbside and building affixed mailboxes.

Carriers who walk generally also drive postal vehicles to their routes, park at a specified location, and carry one "loop" of mail, up one side of the street and back down the other side, until they are back to their vehicle. This method of delivery is referred to as "park and loop". Letter carriers may also accommodate alternate delivery points if "extreme physical hardship" is confirmed. In cases where mail carriers do not have assigned vehicles, they may also get undelivered mail from relay boxes placed along their routes.Rural carriers typically work routes that have a lower density and higher mileage than those of letter carriers. They all work mounted routes, leaving their vehicles only to deliver to group mailboxes or to deliver an article that must be taken to a customer's door. However, with former rural areas being urbanized, their routes are growing very similar to mounted "city routes." Rural carriers often use their own vehicles and are not required to wear a uniform. Because of urbanization around cities and because rural carriers deliver mail at less cost to the Postal Service, the rural carrier craft is the only craft in the Postal Service that is growing.
Highway Contract Route carriers work routes that were established with a density of less than one customer per mile driven (some later become denser and can then be converted to rural delivery). They are only mounted routes, and all HCR carriers use their own vehicle. These routes are typically found in outlying areas, or around very small communities.
The three types of mail carriers are also hired differently. A new letter carrier begins as a City Carrier Assistant (CCA). Rural carriers are hired as Rural Carrier Associate (RCA) carriers, without benefits. There is normally an RCA assigned to each rural route and they typically work less frequently than city CCAs. As a result, there are thousands of RCA positions that go unfilled due to lack of applicants that are instead covered by other RCAs until hiring improves for the hiring process explained). Highway Contract Route carriers are hired by the winning bidder for that route. They are not United States Postal Service employees and normally receive lower pay than carriers on city or rural routes.


=== Female carriers ===

Women have been transporting mail in the United States since the late 1800s. According to the United States Post Office archive, "the first known appointment of a woman to carry mail was on 3 April 1845, when Postmaster General Cave Johnson appointed Sarah Black to carry the mail between Charlestown Md P.O. & the Rail Road "daily or as often as requisite at $48 per annum". For at least two years Black served as a mail messenger, ferrying the mail between Charlestown's train depot and its post office."
At least two women, Susanna A. Brunner in New York and Minnie Westman in Oregon, were known to be mail carriers in the 1880s. Mary Fields, nicknamed "Stagecoach Mary", was the first black woman to work for the USPS, driving a stagecoach in Montana from 1895 until the early 1900s. When aviation introduced airmail, the first woman mail pilot was Katherine Stinson who dropped mailbags from her plane at the Montana State Fair in September 1913.
The first women city carriers were appointed in World War I and by 2007, about 59,700 women served as city carriers and 36,600 as rural carriers representing 40 per cent of the carrier force.
Stephen Starring Grant wrote in Mailman that over 5,000 mail carriers are attacked by dogs each year, and rotator cuff injuries are common.


== Famous carriers ==

Famous real-life letter carriers include:

Berry van Aerle, Dutch football player (35 caps)
Raymond van Barneveld, who worked as a postman before becoming a professional darts player
Olivier Besancenot, candidate for the French presidential elections in 2002 and 2007
Peter Bonetti, English goalkeeper who played for Chelsea F.C.
Charles Bukowski, novelist and poet who wrote Post Office
Allan B. Calhamer, the inventor of board game Diplomacy
Jean Cameron, Scottish World War 2 postwoman who changed the uniform to allow trousers.
Steve Carell, American actor
Ferdinand Cheval, who spent 33 years building an "ideal castle"
William Faulkner, who quit after being at "the beck and call of every itinerant scoundrel who has two cents to invest in a postage stamp"
Ace Frehley, original guitarist for the rock band Kiss, worked as a mailman before he became the "Spaceman"
Domingo French, mailman of the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata, turned into revolutionary and soldier during the May Revolution
Vic Godard, English punk musician, founder of the Subway Sect, became a postman midway through his music career
Terry Griffiths, a former postman who became a world-champion snooker player
David Harvey, a goalkeeper who became a postman after leaving football
Rudolph Hass, developer of the Hass avocado
Gladys Hillier, English postwoman, inspiration for the title of an album by Fairport Convention
Brad Hogg, an Australian cricketer who is a former Perth postman
Elsie Johansson, Swedish poet and author who worked at the postal office for aroun

--- SEMANTIC NEIGHBORS (5) ---

  Title: United States Postal Service (similarity: 0.5000)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Postal_Service
  QID: Q668687
  Extract: The United States Postal Service is an independent agency of the executive branch of the United States federal government responsible for providing postal service in the United States, its insular areas and associated states. It is one of a few government agencies explicitly authorized by the Consti

  Title: Mail (similarity: 0.2500)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mail
  QID: Q49845
  Extract: The mail or post is a system for physically transporting postcards, letters, and parcels. A postal service can be private or public, though many governments place restrictions on private systems. Since the mid-19th century, national postal systems have generally been established as a government mono

  Title: Postal worker (similarity: 0.4390)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postal_worker
  QID: Q7234072
  Extract: A postal worker is one who works for a post office, such as a mail carrier. In the U.S., postal workers are represented by the National Association of Letter Carriers, AFL–CIO, National Postal Mail Handlers Union – NPMHU, the National Association of Rural Letter Carriers and the American Postal Work

  Title: Grumman LLV (similarity: 0.2051)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grumman_LLV
  QID: Q3118196
  Extract: The Grumman Long Life Vehicle (LLV) is a mail truck model primarily used by the United States Postal Service. The LLV is based on a Chevrolet S-10 pickup truck chassis with a custom aluminum body, and was manufactured by Grumman from 1986 to 1994. Most LLVs were sold to the USPS, although some were 

  Title: Aircraft carrier (similarity: 0.4545)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aircraft_carrier
  QID: Q17205
  Extract: An aircraft carrier is a warship designed to carry, launch, recover and support aircraft at sea, equipped with a full-length flight deck and hangar facilities that allow it to serve as a mobile, seagoing airbase. Typically it is the capital ship of a fleet, as it allows a naval force to project seab

model_pass1          : claude-sonnet-4-20250514
model_pass2          : claude-haiku-4-5-20251001
inference_confidence : high
confidence_notes     : Strong confidence based on comprehensive O*NET data, detailed task descriptions, BLS wage data, and exact Wikipedia match confirming role definition and scope.
inferred_at          : 2026-06-03T22:39:38.065502+00:00
tokens_input         : 4,557
tokens_output        : 4,265
cost_usd             : $0.046474
wikipedia_used       : True
wikipedia_title      : Mail carrier
wikipedia_note       : Wikipedia confirms the role involves delivering mail and parcels to residences and businesses, with the term 'mail carrier' adopted as a gender-neutral alternative to 'mailman'.

--- PROSE FIELDS ---

ROLE SUMMARY:
Postal Service Mail Carriers sort and deliver mail for the United States Postal Service, following established routes by vehicle or on foot to serve residences and businesses. These federal employees handle registered mail, collect payments, maintain delivery records, and interact directly with customers throughout their communities. Mail carriers must demonstrate high dependability and attention to detail while performing physically demanding work in all weather conditions.

DAY IN THE LIFE:
Mail carriers begin their day at the post office sorting mail into delivery sequence for their assigned routes. They load mail bags and packages into postal vehicles or organize materials for walking routes, then proceed to deliver mail door-to-door along established pathways. Throughout the day, they obtain signatures for certified and registered mail, collect cash-on-delivery payments, and leave delivery notices when recipients are unavailable. They interact with customers to resolve delivery issues, hold mail for vacationing patrons, and maintain accurate records of all transactions. At day's end, carriers return to the post office with collected mail from mailboxes and turn in money and receipts from their routes.

WHO THRIVES:
Successful mail carriers possess strong physical stamina and enjoy working independently outdoors in various weather conditions. They have excellent organizational skills and attention to detail, essential for sorting mail accurately and maintaining precise delivery records. These individuals demonstrate high dependability and integrity, as they handle valuable mail and financial transactions with minimal supervision. Strong interpersonal skills help them build positive relationships with customers and resolve delivery concerns professionally. Mail carriers thrive on routine and structure while adapting to changing route conditions and customer needs.

CAREER ENTRY:
Most mail carriers enter the field with a high school diploma or equivalent, with 78.2% of workers holding this education level according to O*NET data. New hires complete on-the-job training covering postal regulations, safety procedures, and route familiarization. The position requires passing a postal exam and background check, as it involves handling federal mail and financial transactions. No prior experience is typically required, making this an accessible entry point into federal employment.

CAREER TRAJECTORY:
Experienced mail carriers can advance to supervisory roles such as Postmaster or Mail Superintendent positions, moving into postal management. Some transition to related transportation roles like Light Truck Drivers or pursue positions in shipping and logistics with private companies. Career progression within USPS may include specialized roles in mail processing or postal operations, leveraging their deep understanding of postal systems and customer service experience.

MARKET INTELLIGENCE:
Mail carriers earn a median annual wage of $60,550 according to BLS OEWS May 2025 data, with the salary range spanning from $42,390 to $81,040 for the 10th to 90th percentiles. The occupation employs 328,820 workers nationwide, concentrated entirely within the Transportation and Warehousing industry sector. Geographic wage variation is relatively modest, with the highest-paying region being the District of Columbia at $64,250 and the lowest in the Virgin Islands at $55,490, representing only a 1.16x ratio difference. This stability reflects the standardized federal pay structure across USPS operations, providing consistent employment opportunities in communities nationwide.

AUTOMATION OUTLOOK:
Mail carriers face moderate automation risk primarily in mail sorting activities, but the core delivery function remains largely automation-resistant due to the need for human judgment and physical access to diverse delivery locations. While automated sorting systems continue to improve mail preparation efficiency, the last-mile delivery aspect requiring navigation of varied terrain, customer interaction, and problem-solving for delivery issues maintains strong human dependency. The high importance of operating vehicles and performing general physical activities (4.2 and 4.1 respectively) suggests continued demand for human carriers in the foreseeable future.

--- REASONED EDGES ---
  [career_pathway] Postal Service Clerks (43-5051.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both roles share mail processing functions and federal postal employment, with clerks often advancing to carrier positions.
    data: Related occupation Primary-Short
    data: Both handle mail sorting and customer service
    data: Same federal employment structure
  [task_similarity] Couriers and Messengers (43-5021.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both roles involve delivery operations and direct customer interaction with similar transportation and handling requirements.
    data: Related occupation Primary-Short
    data: Both perform delivery activities (3.5 importance)
    data: Similar vehicle operation skills (4.2 importance)
  [skill_overlap] Light Truck Drivers (53-3033.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both require vehicle operation expertise and handling of objects, with mail carriers operating postal vehicles daily.
    data: Related occupation Primary-Long
    data: Operating Vehicles importance 4.2
    data: Transportation knowledge 3.0 importance
  [knowledge_overlap] Shipping, Receiving, and Inventory Clerks (43-5071.00) — confidence:medium
    reasoning: Both roles require knowledge of transportation systems and handling/moving objects with similar organizational requirements.
    data: Related occupation Primary-Short
    data: Handling and Moving Objects importance 3.9
    data: Transportation knowledge overlap
  [career_pathway] Postmasters and Mail Superintendents (11-9131.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Represents natural advancement pathway for experienced mail carriers into postal management roles.
    data: Related occupation Primary-Long
    data: Same USPS employment system
    data: Administration and Management knowledge 2.9 importance
  [task_similarity] Postal Service Mail Sorters, Processors, and Processing Machine Operators (43-5053.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both roles involve mail sorting and processing functions within the federal postal system structure.
    data: Related occupation Primary-Long
    data: Both sort mail for delivery
    data: Same federal employment and knowledge base

--- NORMALIZER SIGNALS ---
  match_keywords   : ['mail carrier', 'postal carrier', 'letter carrier', 'mailman', 'postman', 'postal service', 'mail delivery', 'usps carrier']
  exclude_keywords : ['postal clerk', 'mail sorter', 'postmaster', 'courier', 'freight']
  title_patterns   : ['Mail Carrier', 'Letter Carrier', 'Postal Carrier', 'City Carrier', 'Carrier Associate']
  common_variations: ['mailman', 'mailperson', 'postman', 'postperson', 'mail delivery driver', 'postal worker carrier', 'city letter carrier', 'rural carrier']

total_terms    : 40
top_words      : ['mail', 'carriers', 'tendency', 'others', 'postal', 'delivery', 'equipment', 'routes', 'letter', 'carrier', 'route', 'post', 'principles', 'postman', 'rural', 'united', 'service', 'states', 'objects', 'office']
source_layers  : onet_tasks | onet_dimensions | dwas | wikipedia | inference

TERM                    COUNT     FREQ  DOMINANT SOURCE      SOURCE BREAKDOWN
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
mail                       82  0.02160  wikipedia            wikipedia:39%  inference:32%  onet_tasks:18%
carriers                   53  0.01396  wikipedia            wikipedia:79%  inference:21%
tendency                   42  0.01106  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
others                     38  0.01001  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
postal                     31  0.00817  wikipedia            wikipedia:68%  inference:26%  onet_tasks:6%
delivery                   25  0.00659  inference            inference:44%  wikipedia:32%  onet_tasks:24%
equipment                  25  0.00659  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:92%  dwas:8%
routes                     23  0.00606  wikipedia            wikipedia:70%  inference:17%  onet_tasks:13%
letter                     19  0.00500  wikipedia            wikipedia:95%  onet_tasks:5%
carrier                    19  0.00500  wikipedia            wikipedia:95%  inference:5%
route                      18  0.00474  wikipedia            wikipedia:61%  dwas:28%  inference:11%
post                       16  0.00421  wikipedia            wikipedia:69%  onet_tasks:19%  inference:12%
principles                 16  0.00421  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
postman                    16  0.00421  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
rural                      16  0.00421  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
united                     15  0.00395  wikipedia            wikipedia:93%  inference:7%
service                    14  0.00369  wikipedia            wikipedia:64%  inference:21%  onet_dimensions:14%
states                     14  0.00369  wikipedia            wikipedia:93%  inference:7%
objects                    13  0.00343  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:92%  dwas:8%
office                     12  0.00316  wikipedia            wikipedia:58%  onet_tasks:17%  inference:17%
customers                  12  0.00316  onet_tasks           onet_tasks:25%  onet_dimensions:25%  inference:25%
includes                   12  0.00316  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
control                    12  0.00316  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
activities                 12  0.00316  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:75%  inference:17%  dwas:8%
operations                 11  0.00290  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:55%  wikipedia:27%  inference:18%
materials                  11  0.00290  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:91%  inference:9%
ideas                      11  0.00290  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
body                       11  0.00290  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:91%  wikipedia:9%
performing                 11  0.00290  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:73%  inference:18%  wikipedia:9%
vehicles                   11  0.00290  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:36%  wikipedia:36%  inference:18%
deliver                    10  0.00263  wikipedia            wikipedia:50%  dwas:20%  inference:20%
problems                   10  0.00263  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:90%  dwas:10%
procedures                 10  0.00263  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:80%  dwas:10%  inference:10%
techniques                 10  0.00263  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
management                 10  0.00263  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:70%  wikipedia:20%  inference:10%
human                      10  0.00263  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:70%  inference:30%
physical                   10  0.00263  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:60%  inference:30%  wikipedia:10%
aircraft                   10  0.00263  wikipedia            wikipedia:90%  onet_dimensions:10%
mailman                    10  0.00263  wikipedia            wikipedia:90%  inference:10%
needs                       9  0.00237  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:89%  inference:11%