[Core] [45% incumbents] Observe distribution of paving material to adjust machine settings or material flow, and indicate low spots for workers to add material.
  DWAs: Monitor construction operations. | Direct construction or extraction personnel.

[Core] [45% incumbents] Drive machines onto truck trailers, and drive trucks to transport machines and material to and from job sites.
  DWAs: Drive trucks or truck-mounted equipment.

[Core] [45% incumbents] Inspect, clean, maintain, and repair equipment, using mechanics' hand tools, or report malfunctions to supervisors.
  DWAs: Inspect equipment or tools to be used in construction or excavation. | Clean equipment or facilities. | Maintain construction tools or equipment.

[Core] [45% incumbents] Operate tamping machines or manually roll surfaces to compact earth fills, foundation forms, and finished road materials, according to grade specifications.
  DWAs: Compact materials to create level bases.

[Core] [45% incumbents] Operate oil distributors, loaders, chip spreaders, dump trucks, and snow plows.
  DWAs: Operate road-surfacing equipment. | Operate equipment or vehicles to clear construction sites or move materials.

[Supplemental] [45% incumbents] Set up forms and lay out guidelines for curbs, according to written specifications, using string, spray paint, and concrete or water mixes.
  DWAs: Build construction forms or molds. | Mark reference points on construction materials.

[Core] [44% incumbents] Start machine, engage clutch, and push and move levers to guide machine along forms or guidelines and to control the operation of machine attachments.
  DWAs: Operate road-surfacing equipment.

[Core] [44% incumbents] Fill tanks, hoppers, or machines with paving materials.
  DWAs: Load materials into construction equipment.

[Core] [44% incumbents] Control paving machines to push dump trucks and to maintain a constant flow of asphalt or other material into hoppers or screeds.
  DWAs: Operate road-surfacing equipment.

[Core] [44% incumbents] Coordinate truck dumping.
  DWAs: Coordinate construction project activities.

[Core] [44% incumbents] Set up and tear down equipment.
  DWAs: Assemble temporary equipment or structures. | Dismantle equipment or temporary structures.

[Core] [44% incumbents] Operate machines to spread, smooth, level, or steel-reinforce stone, concrete, or asphalt on road beds.
  DWAs: Spread concrete or other aggregate mixtures. | Operate road-surfacing equipment.

[Core] [44% incumbents] Light burners or start heating units of machines, and regulate screed temperatures and asphalt flow rates.
  DWAs: Operate road-surfacing equipment.

[Core] [44% incumbents] Control traffic.
  DWAs: Direct vehicle traffic.

[Core] [44% incumbents] Shovel blacktop.
  DWAs: Spread sand, dirt or other loose materials onto surfaces.

[Supplemental] [44% incumbents] Place strips of material, such as cork, asphalt, or steel into joints, or place rolls of expansion-joint material on machines that automatically insert material.
  DWAs: Load materials into construction equipment. | Apply material to fill gaps in surfaces.

[Supplemental] [44% incumbents] Drive and operate curbing machines to extrude concrete or asphalt curbing.
  DWAs: Operate road-surfacing equipment.

[Supplemental] [44% incumbents] Operate machines that clean or cut expansion joints in concrete or asphalt and that rout out cracks in pavement.
  DWAs: Cut tile, stone, or other masonry materials. | Operate road-surfacing equipment.

[Supplemental] [44% incumbents] Cut or break up pavement and drive guardrail posts, using machines equipped with interchangeable hammers.
  DWAs: Operate heavy-duty construction or installation equipment. | Break up rock, asphalt, or concrete.

[Supplemental] [43% incumbents] Install dies, cutters, and extensions to screeds onto machines, using hand tools.
  DWAs: Install equipment attachments or components.

--- SKILLS ---
  Monitoring (imp:3.25 lvl:2.88) — Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or organization
  Critical Thinking (imp:3.00 lvl:2.88) — Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternativ
  Active Listening (imp:2.88 lvl:2.75) — Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand
  Speaking (imp:2.88 lvl:2.25) — Talking to others to convey information effectively.
  Active Learning (imp:2.62 lvl:2.12) — Understanding the implications of new information for both current and future pr
  Reading Comprehension (imp:2.50 lvl:2.12) — Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work-related documents.
  Learning Strategies (imp:2.25 lvl:2.12) — Selecting and using training/instructional methods and procedures appropriate fo
  Mathematics (imp:2.00 lvl:2.00) — Using mathematics to solve problems.
  Writing (imp:1.88 lvl:1.62) — Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the audienc
  Science (imp:1.12 lvl:0.12) — Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems.

--- KNOWLEDGE ---
  Building and Construction (imp:3.65 lvl:5.55) — Knowledge of materials, methods, and the tools involved in the construction or r
  Mechanical (imp:3.26 lvl:3.81) — Knowledge of machines and tools, including their designs, uses, repair, and main
  Mathematics (imp:2.77 lvl:2.81) — Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their appl
  Physics (imp:2.74 lvl:3.03) — Knowledge and prediction of physical principles, laws, their interrelationships,
  Public Safety and Security (imp:2.74 lvl:2.74) — Knowledge of relevant equipment, policies, procedures, and strategies to promote
  Customer and Personal Service (imp:2.73 lvl:2.93) — Knowledge of principles and processes for providing customer and personal servic
  Chemistry (imp:2.49 lvl:2.62) — Knowledge of the chemical composition, structure, and properties of substances a
  Administration and Management (imp:2.43 lvl:2.33) — Knowledge of business and management principles involved in strategic planning, 
  Design (imp:2.43 lvl:2.75) — Knowledge of design techniques, tools, and principles involved in production of 
  Law and Government (imp:2.41 lvl:2.26) — Knowledge of laws, legal codes, court procedures, precedents, government regulat
  English Language (imp:2.37 lvl:2.17) — Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the mea
  Education and Training (imp:2.27 lvl:2.05) — Knowledge of principles and methods for curriculum and training design, teaching
  Engineering and Technology (imp:2.26 lvl:2.91) — Knowledge of the practical application of engineering science and technology. Th
  Geography (imp:2.20 lvl:2.06) — Knowledge of principles and methods for describing the features of land, sea, an
  Production and Processing (imp:2.18 lvl:1.87) — Knowledge of raw materials, production processes, quality control, costs, and ot
  Transportation (imp:2.06 lvl:1.95) — Knowledge of principles and methods for moving people or goods by air, rail, sea
  Psychology (imp:1.93 lvl:1.95) — Knowledge of human behavior and performance; individual differences in ability, 
  Computers and Electronics (imp:1.91) — Knowledge of circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and comput
  Personnel and Human Resources (imp:1.85 lvl:1.75) — Knowledge of principles and procedures for personnel recruitment, selection, tra
  Communications and Media (imp:1.82) — Knowledge of media production, communication, and dissemination techniques and m
  Biology (imp:1.77) — Knowledge of plant and animal organisms, their tissues, cells, functions, interd
  Foreign Language (imp:1.73) — Knowledge of the structure and content of a foreign (non-English) language inclu
  Administrative (imp:1.69) — Knowledge of administrative and office procedures and systems such as word proce
  Sales and Marketing (imp:1.67) — Knowledge of principles and methods for showing, promoting, and selling products
  Therapy and Counseling (imp:1.67) — Knowledge of principles, methods, and procedures for diagnosis, treatment, and r
  History and Archeology (imp:1.63) — Knowledge of historical events and their causes, indicators, and effects on civi
  Sociology and Anthropology (imp:1.55) — Knowledge of group behavior and dynamics, societal trends and influences, human 
  Economics and Accounting (imp:1.54) — Knowledge of economic and accounting principles and practices, the financial mar
  Fine Arts (imp:1.54) — Knowledge of the theory and techniques required to compose, produce, and perform
  Telecommunications (imp:1.54) — Knowledge of transmission, broadcasting, switching, control, and operation of te
  Medicine and Dentistry (imp:1.49 lvl:1.03) — Knowledge of the information and techniques needed to diagnose and treat human i
  Food Production (imp:1.40) — Knowledge of techniques and equipment for planting, growing, and harvesting food
  Philosophy and Theology (imp:1.40) — Knowledge of different philosophical systems and religions. This includes their 

--- ABILITIES ---
  Control Precision (imp:3.75 lvl:3.88) — The ability to quickly and repeatedly adjust the controls of a machine or a vehi
  Problem Sensitivity (imp:3.62 lvl:2.88) — The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does no
  Multilimb Coordination (imp:3.38 lvl:4.00) — The ability to coordinate two or more limbs (for example, two arms, two legs, or
  Rate Control (imp:3.25 lvl:3.25) — The ability to time your movements or the movement of a piece of equipment in an
  Reaction Time (imp:3.25 lvl:3.50) — The ability to quickly respond (with the hand, finger, or foot) to a signal (sou
  Static Strength (imp:3.12 lvl:3.25) — The ability to exert maximum muscle force to lift, push, pull, or carry objects.
  Trunk Strength (imp:3.12 lvl:3.25) — The ability to use your abdominal and lower back muscles to support part of the 
  Far Vision (imp:3.12 lvl:3.00) — The ability to see details at a distance.
  Oral Comprehension (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through 
  Oral Expression (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will unde
  Deductive Reasoning (imp:3.00 lvl:2.75) — The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that 
  Information Ordering (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to arrange things or actions in a certain order or pattern according
  Visualization (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to imagine how something will look after it is moved around or when 
  Selective Attention (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to concentrate on a task over a period of time without being distrac
  Arm-Hand Steadiness (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to keep your hand and arm steady while moving your arm or while hold
  Manual Dexterity (imp:3.00 lvl:2.88) — The ability to quickly move your hand, your hand together with your arm, or your
  Response Orientation (imp:3.00 lvl:3.25) — The ability to choose quickly between two or more movements in response to two o
  Extent Flexibility (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to bend, stretch, twist, or reach with your body, arms, and/or legs.
  Depth Perception (imp:3.00 lvl:3.12) — The ability to judge which of several objects is closer or farther away from you
  Speech Recognition (imp:3.00 lvl:2.75) — The ability to identify and understand the speech of another person.
  Speech Clarity (imp:3.00 lvl:2.62) — The ability to speak clearly so others can understand you.
  Spatial Orientation (imp:2.88 lvl:2.50) — The ability to know your location in relation to the environment or to know wher
  Time Sharing (imp:2.88 lvl:2.88) — The ability to shift back and forth between two or more activities or sources of
  Finger Dexterity (imp:2.88 lvl:3.00) — The ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the fingers of one or bot
  Near Vision (imp:2.88 lvl:2.88) — The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the observer).
  Inductive Reasoning (imp:2.75 lvl:2.50) — The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusion
  Category Flexibility (imp:2.75 lvl:2.25) — The ability to generate or use different sets of rules for combining or grouping
  Perceptual Speed (imp:2.75 lvl:2.88) — The ability to quickly and accurately compare similarities and differences among
  Stamina (imp:2.75 lvl:2.38) — The ability to exert yourself physically over long periods of time without getti
  Hearing Sensitivity (imp:2.75 lvl:2.88) — The ability to detect or tell the differences between sounds that vary in pitch 
  Gross Body Coordination (imp:2.62 lvl:2.12) — The ability to coordinate the movement of your arms, legs, and torso together wh
  Auditory Attention (imp:2.62 lvl:2.88) — The ability to focus on a single source of sound in the presence of other distra
  Flexibility of Closure (imp:2.50 lvl:2.25) — The ability to identify or detect a known pattern (a figure, object, word, or so
  Written Comprehension (imp:2.38 lvl:2.12) — The ability to read and understand information and ideas presented in writing.
  Dynamic Strength (imp:2.38 lvl:2.25) — The ability to exert muscle force repeatedly or continuously over time. This inv
  Visual Color Discrimination (imp:2.38 lvl:2.00) — The ability to match or detect differences between colors, including shades of c
  Wrist-Finger Speed (imp:2.25 lvl:2.12) — The ability to make fast, simple, repeated movements of the fingers, hands, and 
  Peripheral Vision (imp:2.25 lvl:2.25) — The ability to see objects or movement of objects to one's side when the eyes ar
  Speed of Limb Movement (imp:2.12 lvl:2.00) — The ability to quickly move the arms and legs.
  Gross Body Equilibrium (imp:2.12 lvl:1.88) — The ability to keep or regain your body balance or stay upright when in an unsta
  Glare Sensitivity (imp:2.12 lvl:2.38) — The ability to see objects in the presence of a glare or bright lighting.
  Mathematical Reasoning (imp:2.00 lvl:1.75) — The ability to choose the right mathematical methods or formulas to solve a prob
  Number Facility (imp:2.00 lvl:2.00) — The ability to add, subtract, multiply, or divide quickly and correctly.
  Memorization (imp:2.00 lvl:1.75) — The ability to remember information such as words, numbers, pictures, and proced
  Speed of Closure (imp:2.00 lvl:1.75) — The ability to quickly make sense of, combine, and organize information into mea
  Written Expression (imp:1.88 lvl:1.62) — The ability to communicate information and ideas in writing so others will under
  Originality (imp:1.88 lvl:1.62) — The ability to come up with unusual or clever ideas about a given topic or situa
  Explosive Strength (imp:1.88 lvl:1.25) — The ability to use short bursts of muscle force to propel oneself (as in jumping
  Sound Localization (imp:1.88 lvl:1.50) — The ability to tell the direction from which a sound originated.
  Fluency of Ideas (imp:1.75 lvl:1.50) — The ability to come up with a number of ideas about a topic (the number of ideas
  Dynamic Flexibility (imp:1.75 lvl:1.00) — The ability to quickly and repeatedly bend, stretch, twist, or reach out with yo
  Night Vision (imp:1.75 lvl:1.00) — The ability to see under low-light conditions.

--- WORK ACTIVITIES ---
  Controlling Machines and Processes (imp:4.40 lvl:4.75) — Using either control mechanisms or direct physical activity to operate machines 
  Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Materials (imp:4.36 lvl:4.00) — Inspecting equipment, structures, or materials to identify the cause of errors o
  Operating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or Equipment (imp:3.96 lvl:4.82) — Running, maneuvering, navigating, or driving vehicles or mechanized equipment, s
  Judging the Qualities of Objects, Services, or People (imp:3.92 lvl:3.99) — Assessing the value, importance, or quality of things or people.
  Performing General Physical Activities (imp:3.92 lvl:4.86) — Performing general physical activities includes doing activities that require co
  Monitoring Processes, Materials, or Surroundings (imp:3.65 lvl:3.39) — Monitoring and reviewing information from materials, events, or the environment,
  Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge (imp:3.64 lvl:3.57) — Keeping up-to-date technically and applying new knowledge to your job.
  Making Decisions and Solving Problems (imp:3.63 lvl:3.61) — Analyzing information and evaluating results to choose the best solution and sol
  Evaluating Information to Determine Compliance with Standards (imp:3.62 lvl:3.12) — Using relevant information and individual judgment to determine whether events o
  Repairing and Maintaining Mechanical Equipment (imp:3.59 lvl:3.50) — Servicing, repairing, adjusting, and testing machines, devices, moving parts, an
  Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates (imp:3.55 lvl:4.07) — Providing information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone,
  Communicating with People Outside the Organization (imp:3.49 lvl:2.92) — Communicating with people outside the organization, representing the organizatio
  Training and Teaching Others (imp:3.49 lvl:3.39) — Identifying the educational needs of others, developing formal educational or tr
  Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events (imp:3.48 lvl:3.63) — Identifying information by categorizing, estimating, recognizing differences or 
  Getting Information (imp:3.43 lvl:3.12) — Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from all relevant sour
  Handling and Moving Objects (imp:3.38 lvl:4.26) — Using hands and arms in handling, installing, positioning, and moving materials,
  Guiding, Directing, and Motivating Subordinates (imp:3.31 lvl:3.06) — Providing guidance and direction to subordinates, including setting performance 
  Estimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or Information (imp:3.28 lvl:2.97) — Estimating sizes, distances, and quantities; or determining time, costs, resourc
  Coaching and Developing Others (imp:3.22 lvl:3.26) — Identifying the developmental needs of others and coaching, mentoring, or otherw
  Thinking Creatively (imp:3.19 lvl:2.91) — Developing, designing, or creating new applications, ideas, relationships, syste
  Developing and Building Teams (imp:3.17 lvl:3.06) — Encouraging and building mutual trust, respect, and cooperation among team membe
  Scheduling Work and Activities (imp:3.12 lvl:2.38) — Scheduling events, programs, and activities, as well as the work of others.
  Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work (imp:3.09 lvl:3.63) — Developing specific goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and accomplish your
  Assisting and Caring for Others (imp:3.08 lvl:2.88) — Providing personal assistance, medical attention, emotional support, or other pe
  Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships (imp:2.98 lvl:4.85) — Developing constructive and cooperative working relationships with others, and m
  Processing Information (imp:2.72 lvl:2.27) — Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, or verifying
  Coordinating the Work and Activities of Others (imp:2.71 lvl:3.28) — Getting members of a group to work together to accomplish tasks.
  Analyzing Data or Information (imp:2.69 lvl:2.68) — Identifying the underlying principles, reasons, or facts of information by break
  Developing Objectives and Strategies (imp:2.59 lvl:2.00) — Establishing long-range objectives and specifying the strategies and actions to 
  Providing Consultation and Advice to Others (imp:2.57 lvl:2.70) — Providing guidance and expert advice to management or other groups on technical,
  Repairing and Maintaining Electronic Equipment (imp:2.52 lvl:2.52) — Servicing, repairing, calibrating, regulating, fine-tuning, or testing machines,
  Documenting/Recording Information (imp:2.52 lvl:2.24) — Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining information in writte
  Performing for or Working Directly with the Public (imp:2.43 lvl:2.70) — Performing for people or dealing directly with the public. This includes serving
  Monitoring and Controlling Resources (imp:2.32 lvl:1.85) — Monitoring and controlling resources and overseeing the spending of money.
  Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others (imp:2.26 lvl:2.56) — Translating or explaining what information means and how it can be used.
  Staffing Organizational Units (imp:2.20 lvl:1.48) — Recruiting, interviewing, selecting, hiring, and promoting employees in an organ
  Performing Administrative Activities (imp:2.19 lvl:2.21) — Performing day-to-day administrative tasks such as maintaining information files
  Resolving Conflicts and Negotiating with Others (imp:2.18 lvl:2.72) — Handling complaints, settling disputes, and resolving grievances and conflicts, 
  Working with Computers (imp:2.16 lvl:2.09) — Using computers and computer systems (including hardware and software) to progra
  Drafting, Laying Out, and Specifying Technical Devices, Parts, and Equipment (imp:2.00 lvl:1.71) — Providing documentation, detailed instructions, drawings, or specifications to t
  Selling or Influencing Others (imp:1.85 lvl:1.86) — Convincing others to buy merchandise/goods or to otherwise change their minds or

--- WORK STYLES ---
  Dependability (imp:2.27) — A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related o
  Cautiousness (imp:1.59) — A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related
  Stress Tolerance (imp:1.24) — A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
  Attention to Detail (imp:1.20) — A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
  Dependability (imp:1.00) — A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related o
  Integrity (imp:0.91) — A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
  Perseverance (imp:0.90) — A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in 
  Self-Control (imp:0.85) — A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in res
  Achievement Orientation (imp:0.84) — A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, 
  Cooperation (imp:0.71) — A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
  Self-Confidence (imp:0.64) — A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control 
  Adaptability (imp:0.46) — A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas 
  Initiative (imp:0.25) — A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may
  Sincerity (imp:0.13) — A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, withou
  Optimism (imp:0.13) — A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even un
  Innovation () — A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on 
  Achievement Orientation () — A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, 
  Intellectual Curiosity () — A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep 
  Tolerance for Ambiguity () — A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
  Initiative () — A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may
  Adaptability () — A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas 
  Self-Confidence () — A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control 
  Perseverance () — A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in 
  Leadership Orientation () — A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
  Humility () — A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
  Sincerity () — A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, withou
  Empathy () — A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feel
  Cooperation () — A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
  Optimism () — A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even un
  Social Orientation () — A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
  Cautiousness () — A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related
  Attention to Detail () — A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
  Integrity () — A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
  Stress Tolerance () — A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
  Self-Control () — A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in res
  Intellectual Curiosity (imp:-0.10) — A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep 
  Humility (imp:-0.10) — A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
  Empathy (imp:-0.12) — A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feel
  Leadership Orientation (imp:-0.13) — A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
  Social Orientation (imp:-0.14) — A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
  Innovation (imp:-0.39) — A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on 
  Tolerance for Ambiguity (imp:-0.42) — A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.

--- TRANSFERABLE SKILLS ---
  Operations Monitoring (imp:3.62 lvl:3.12) — Watching gauges, dials, or other indicators to make sure a machine is working pr
  Operation and Control (imp:3.38 lvl:3.12) — Controlling operations of equipment or systems.
  Coordination (imp:3.00 lvl:3.12) — Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions.
  Troubleshooting (imp:3.00 lvl:2.88) — Determining causes of operating errors and deciding what to do about it.
  Repairing (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — Repairing machines or systems using the needed tools.
  Equipment Maintenance (imp:2.88 lvl:3.00) — Performing routine maintenance on equipment and determining when and what kind o
  Judgment and Decision Making (imp:2.88 lvl:2.50) — Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential actions to choose the m
  Quality Control Analysis (imp:2.75 lvl:2.88) — Conducting tests and inspections of products, services, or processes to evaluate
  Time Management (imp:2.75 lvl:2.12) — Managing one's own time and the time of others.
  Complex Problem Solving (imp:2.62 lvl:2.50) — Identifying complex problems and reviewing related information to develop and ev
  Social Perceptiveness (imp:2.50 lvl:1.75) — Being aware of others' reactions and understanding why they react as they do.
  Equipment Selection (imp:2.50 lvl:2.12) — Determining the kind of tools and equipment needed to do a job.
  Systems Analysis (imp:2.12 lvl:1.88) — Determining how a system should work and how changes in conditions, operations, 
  Systems Evaluation (imp:2.12 lvl:1.88) — Identifying measures or indicators of system performance and the actions needed 
  Instructing (imp:2.00 lvl:2.00) — Teaching others how to do something.
  Service Orientation (imp:2.00 lvl:1.88) — Actively looking for ways to help people.
  Persuasion (imp:1.88 lvl:1.75) — Persuading others to change their minds or behavior.
  Negotiation (imp:1.88 lvl:1.62) — Bringing others together and trying to reconcile differences.
  Management of Personnel Resources (imp:1.88 lvl:1.62) — Motivating, developing, and directing people as they work, identifying the best 
  Technology Design (imp:1.62 lvl:0.75) — Generating or adapting equipment and technology to serve user needs.
  Installation (imp:1.62 lvl:0.88) — Installing equipment, machines, wiring, or programs to meet specifications.
  Operations Analysis (imp:1.50 lvl:0.62) — Analyzing needs and product requirements to create a design.
  Management of Financial Resources (imp:1.50 lvl:0.50) — Determining how money will be spent to get the work done, and accounting for the
  Management of Material Resources (imp:1.50 lvl:0.62) — Obtaining and seeing to the appropriate use of equipment, facilities, and materi
  Programming (imp:1.00) — Writing computer programs for various purposes.

--- NATIONAL WAGES ---
  total_employment : 41,820
  annual_median    : $53,340
  annual_pct10     : $38,230
  annual_pct25     : $45,610
  annual_pct75     : $64,720
  annual_pct90     : $92,230
  annual_mean      : $59,000
  hourly_median    : $25.64

--- GEOGRAPHIC DISPERSION ---
  highest_state    : Hawaii ($111,360)
  lowest_state     : Puerto Rico ($29,460)
  dispersion_ratio : 3.780x

--- TOP STATES BY WAGE (51 total) ---
  Construction                             emp:   31,820  median: $  52,790
  Federal, State, and Local Government, excluding State and Local Government Schools and Hospitals and the U.S. Postal Service (OEWS Designation) emp:    6,250  median: $  54,880
  Manufacturing                            emp:    2,300  median: $  54,150
  Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services emp:      440  median: $  45,240
  Transportation and Warehousing           emp:      260  median: $  53,100
  Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction emp:      170  median: $  52,480
  Wholesale Trade                          emp:      150  median: $  52,500
  Other Services (except Public Administration) emp:      100  median: $  79,190
  Management of Companies and Enterprises  emp:       70  median: $  61,810
  Utilities                                emp:       30  median: $ 107,730

--- TOP INDUSTRIES BY EMPLOYMENT (10 total) ---
  Construction                             emp:   31,820  median: $  52,790
  Federal, State, and Local Government, excluding State and Local Government Schools and Hospitals and the U.S. Postal Service (OEWS Designation) emp:    6,250  median: $  54,880
  Manufacturing                            emp:    2,300  median: $  54,150
  Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services emp:      440  median: $  45,240
  Transportation and Warehousing           emp:      260  median: $  53,100
  Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction emp:      170  median: $  52,480
  Wholesale Trade                          emp:      150  median: $  52,500
  Other Services (except Public Administration) emp:      100  median: $  79,190
  Management of Companies and Enterprises  emp:       70  median: $  61,810
  Utilities                                emp:       30  median: $ 107,730

exact_match_status : no_exact_match
matched_title      : N/A
match_score        : 0.0000
wikidata_qid       : N/A
word_count         : 0
wikipedia_url      : N/A
license            : CC BY-SA 4.0
fetched_at         : 2026-06-02T22:39:39.712958Z

--- SEMANTIC NEIGHBORS (5) ---

  Title: Heavy equipment (similarity: 0.3692)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heavy_equipment
  QID: Q874311
  Extract: Heavy equipment, heavy machinery, earthmovers, construction vehicles, or construction equipment, refers to heavy-duty vehicles specially designed to execute construction tasks, most frequently involving earthwork operations or other large construction tasks. Heavy equipment usually comprises five eq

  Title: Tamper (tool) (similarity: 0.2540)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamper_(tool)
  QID: Q4454520
  Extract: A tamper is a device used to compact or flatten an aggregate or another powdered or granular material, typically to make it resistant to further compression or simply to increase its density.

  Title: Wellington tramway system (similarity: 0.1867)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wellington_tramway_system
  QID: Q3537232
  Extract: Wellington had a tramway system that operated from 1878 to 1964, when the last line was replaced by buses. The tramways were initially owned by a private company but were purchased by the city and formed a significant part of the city's transport system. Historically, it was an extensive network, wi

  Title: Heavy equipment operator (similarity: 0.5676)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heavy_equipment_operator
  QID: Q5695233
  Extract: A heavy equipment operator operates heavy equipment used in engineering and construction projects. Typically only skilled workers may operate heavy equipment, and there is specialized training for learning to use heavy equipment.

  Title: Free floating screed (similarity: 0.2286)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_floating_screed
  QID: Q5500230
  Extract: The free floating screed is a device pioneered in the 1930s that revolutionized the asphalt paving process. The device is designed to spread and smooth out, or screed, the material below it.

model_pass1          : claude-sonnet-4-20250514
model_pass2          : claude-haiku-4-5-20251001
inference_confidence : high
confidence_notes     : Strong confidence based on comprehensive O*NET data including detailed tasks, work activities, and wages from BLS OEWS May 2025. Education and industry distribution data provide clear career entry pathways.
inferred_at          : 2026-06-03T23:22:04.719647+00:00
tokens_input         : 4,742
tokens_output        : 4,238
cost_usd             : $0.046063
wikipedia_used       : False
wikipedia_title      : None
wikipedia_note       : No exact Wikipedia match found, though 'Heavy equipment operator' (similarity: 0.568) and 'Heavy equipment' (similarity: 0.369) provide relevant context for understanding the broader equipment operation field. The tamper tool reference provides some insight into specific equipment used.

--- PROSE FIELDS ---

ROLE SUMMARY:
Paving, Surfacing, and Tamping Equipment Operators operate specialized machinery to apply concrete, asphalt, and other materials to road surfaces, parking lots, and airport runways. These skilled equipment operators control complex paving machines, tampers, and spreaders while ensuring precise material distribution and surface quality. They play a critical role in construction projects by creating smooth, durable surfaces that meet engineering specifications.

DAY IN THE LIFE:
Operators begin by inspecting and preparing their equipment, including asphalt pavers, tamping machines, and material spreaders. Throughout the day, they control machine settings to maintain proper material flow and distribution, adjusting for low spots and surface irregularities as they observe the paving process. They coordinate with truck drivers to ensure continuous material supply, filling hoppers and maintaining constant flow of asphalt or concrete into their machines. Between paving operations, they perform routine maintenance, clean equipment, and transport machinery between job sites using truck-mounted trailers.

WHO THRIVES:
Successful operators possess strong mechanical aptitude and excel at precise machine control, requiring exceptional hand-eye coordination and spatial awareness. They demonstrate high dependability and attention to detail, as surface quality directly impacts project success and safety. These individuals work well under pressure in outdoor environments, maintaining focus during repetitive operations while staying alert to safety hazards. The realistic work orientation suits those who prefer hands-on problem-solving and take pride in creating tangible, lasting infrastructure improvements.

CAREER ENTRY:
Most operators enter through on-the-job training with construction companies, though formal apprenticeship programs are increasingly common. While 41% have less than a high school diploma, many employers now prefer high school graduates with post-secondary certificates in construction trades or heavy equipment operation. Entry-level operators typically start as laborers or equipment assistants, learning machine operation through mentorship and gradually advancing to independent operation of specialized paving equipment.

CAREER TRAJECTORY:
Experienced operators can advance to equipment supervisor roles, overseeing crews and coordinating multiple machines on large projects. Many transition to related heavy equipment operations like excavation or become construction foremen managing broader project phases. Some operators start their own paving contractors or specialize in high-skill areas like airport runway construction, while others move into equipment sales, maintenance, or training roles within the construction industry.

MARKET INTELLIGENCE:
Employment of 41,820 workers nationwide with median annual wages of $53,340 according to BLS OEWS May 2025, ranging from $38,230 to $92,230. Geographic variation is substantial, with Hawaii offering the highest wages at $111,360 annually compared to Puerto Rico's $29,460, reflecting local construction demand and cost of living. The construction industry employs 76% of these operators, with government agencies providing another 15% of positions primarily for road maintenance and public works projects. Demand correlates strongly with infrastructure spending and new construction activity.

AUTOMATION OUTLOOK:
Core machine operation activities face moderate automation risk as GPS-guided and sensor-equipped paving machines become more sophisticated. However, the role's emphasis on real-time quality judgment, equipment maintenance, and coordination with other workers provides protection against full automation. The need for human oversight of complex surface preparation and material flow adjustments will likely maintain demand for skilled operators who can work alongside increasingly automated equipment.

--- REASONED EDGES ---
  [skill_overlap] Operating Engineers and Other Construction Equipment Operators (47-2073.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both roles share high importance ratings for controlling machines and processes (4.4) and operating vehicles/equipment (4.0+).
    data: Controlling Machines and Processes imp:4.4
    data: Operating Vehicles imp:4.0
    data: Related occupation Primary-Short
  [task_similarity] Cement Masons and Concrete Finishers (47-2051.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both roles involve surface preparation and quality control for concrete and asphalt materials in construction projects.
    data: Building and Construction knowledge imp:3.6
    data: Judging Qualities of Objects imp:3.9
    data: Related occupation Primary-Short
  [career_pathway] Construction Laborers (47-2061.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Construction laborers often advance to equipment operator roles, supported by the 41% education level overlap and shared construction industry focus.
    data: Less than high school 41.0%
    data: Construction industry 31,820 employed
    data: Related occupation Primary-Short
  [riasec_cluster] Excavating and Loading Machine and Dragline Operators, Surface Mining (47-5022.00) — confidence:medium
    reasoning: Both roles emphasize realistic work orientation with machinery operation and share similar physical coordination requirements.
    data: RIASEC R:7.00
    data: Multilimb Coordination imp:3.4
    data: Related occupation Primary-Short
  [transferable_skill] Hoist and Winch Operators (53-7041.00) — confidence:medium
    reasoning: Both roles require operations monitoring (3.6) and operation and control (3.4) skills for safe equipment operation.
    data: Operations Monitoring imp:3.6
    data: Operation and Control imp:3.4
    data: Related occupation Primary-Long

--- NORMALIZER SIGNALS ---
  match_keywords   : ['paving', 'surfacing', 'tamping', 'asphalt', 'concrete', 'paver operator', 'road construction', 'equipment operator']
  exclude_keywords : ['laborer', 'foreman', 'inspector', 'engineer', 'supervisor']
  title_patterns   : ['*Paver*', '*Paving*Operator', '*Asphalt*Operator', '*Tamping*', '*Surfacing*']
  common_variations: ['Asphalt Paver Operator', 'Paving Machine Operator', 'Tamping Machine Operator', 'Surfacing Equipment Operator', 'Concrete Paver', 'Road Paving Operator', 'Asphalt Equipment Operator', 'Paving Crew Operator']

total_terms    : 40
top_words      : ['equipment', 'tendency', 'others', 'construction', 'machines', 'materials', 'material', 'operate', 'control', 'principles', 'heavy', 'road', 'includes', 'objects', 'paving', 'asphalt', 'operations', 'activities', 'ideas', 'machine']
source_layers  : onet_tasks | onet_dimensions | dwas | wikipedia | inference

TERM                    COUNT     FREQ  DOMINANT SOURCE      SOURCE BREAKDOWN
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
equipment                  67  0.02392  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:34%  dwas:27%  inference:24%
tendency                   42  0.01499  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
others                     39  0.01392  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:97%  inference:3%
construction               27  0.00964  dwas                 dwas:41%  inference:33%  wikipedia:19%
machines                   24  0.00857  onet_tasks           onet_tasks:50%  onet_dimensions:29%  inference:21%
materials                  20  0.00714  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:50%  dwas:35%  onet_tasks:10%
material                   19  0.00678  onet_tasks           onet_tasks:42%  inference:26%  onet_dimensions:16%
operate                    19  0.00678  dwas                 dwas:47%  onet_tasks:26%  onet_dimensions:16%
control                    19  0.00678  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:63%  onet_tasks:16%  inference:16%
principles                 16  0.00571  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
heavy                      13  0.00464  wikipedia            wikipedia:62%  inference:31%  dwas:8%
road                       12  0.00428  dwas                 dwas:58%  onet_tasks:17%  inference:17%
includes                   12  0.00428  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
objects                    12  0.00428  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
paving                     11  0.00393  inference            inference:64%  onet_tasks:27%  wikipedia:9%
asphalt                    11  0.00393  onet_tasks           onet_tasks:55%  inference:27%  dwas:9%
operations                 11  0.00393  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:55%  inference:27%  dwas:9%
activities                 11  0.00393  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:82%  dwas:9%  inference:9%
ideas                      11  0.00393  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
machine                    10  0.00357  onet_tasks           onet_tasks:40%  inference:40%  onet_dimensions:20%
hand                       10  0.00357  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:70%  onet_tasks:20%  inference:10%
techniques                 10  0.00357  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
body                       10  0.00357  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
orientation                10  0.00357  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:90%  inference:10%
operators                  10  0.00357  inference            inference:100%
tools                       9  0.00321  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:56%  onet_tasks:22%  dwas:22%
problems                    9  0.00321  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
quality                     9  0.00321  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:67%  inference:33%
resources                   9  0.00321  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
quickly                     9  0.00321  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
concrete                    8  0.00286  onet_tasks           onet_tasks:50%  dwas:25%  inference:25%
operation                   8  0.00286  inference            inference:62%  onet_dimensions:25%  onet_tasks:12%
monitoring                  8  0.00286  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
problem                     8  0.00286  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:88%  inference:12%
procedures                  8  0.00286  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
needs                       8  0.00286  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
rules                       8  0.00286  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
maintenance                 8  0.00286  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:50%  inference:50%
providing                   8  0.00286  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:88%  inference:12%
standards                   8  0.00286  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%