[Core] [80% incumbents] Raise vehicles, using hydraulic jacks.
  DWAs: Operate cranes, hoists, or other moving or lifting equipment.

[Core] [80% incumbents] Remount wheels onto vehicles.
  DWAs: Install vehicle parts or accessories.

[Core] [80% incumbents] Unbolt and remove wheels from vehicles, using lug wrenches or other hand or power tools.
  DWAs: Remove parts or components from vehicles.

[Core] [80% incumbents] Place wheels on balancing machines to determine counterweights required to balance wheels.
  DWAs: Test mechanical equipment to ensure proper functioning.

[Core] [80% incumbents] Identify tire size and ply and inflate tires accordingly.
  DWAs: Service vehicles to maintain functionality.

[Core] [80% incumbents] Replace valve stems and remove puncturing objects.
  DWAs: Repair tires.

[Core] [80% incumbents] Reassemble tires onto wheels.
  DWAs: Reassemble equipment after repair.

[Core] [80% incumbents] Seal punctures in tubeless tires by inserting adhesive material and expanding rubber plugs into punctures, using hand tools.
  DWAs: Repair tires.

[Core] [80% incumbents] Inspect tire casings for defects, such as holes or tears.
  DWAs: Inspect mechanical components of vehicles to identify problems.

[Core] [80% incumbents] Locate punctures in tubeless tires by visual inspection or by immersing inflated tires in water baths and observing air bubbles.
  DWAs: Inspect mechanical components of vehicles to identify problems.

[Core] [80% incumbents] Glue tire patches over ruptures in tire casings, using rubber cement.
  DWAs: Repair tires.

[Core] [80% incumbents] Assist mechanics and perform various mechanical duties, such as changing oil or checking and replacing batteries.
  DWAs: Service vehicles to maintain functionality.

[Core] [80% incumbents] Rotate tires to different positions on vehicles, using hand tools.
  DWAs: Install vehicle parts or accessories.

[Core] [80% incumbents] Clean and tidy up the shop.
  DWAs: Clean work areas.

[Core] [80% incumbents] Buff defective areas of inner tubes, using scrapers.
  DWAs: Smooth surfaces of objects or equipment.

[Core] [80% incumbents] Order replacements for tires or tubes.
  DWAs: Order materials, supplies, or equipment.

[Core] [80% incumbents] Separate tubed tires from wheels, using rubber mallets and metal bars or mechanical tire changers.
  DWAs: Disassemble equipment for maintenance or repair.

[Core] [80% incumbents] Inflate inner tubes and immerse them in water to locate leaks.
  DWAs: Inspect mechanical components of vehicles to identify problems.

[Core] [80% incumbents] Clean sides of whitewall tires.
  DWAs: Clean equipment, parts, or tools to repair or maintain them in good working order.

[Supplemental] [80% incumbents] Prepare rims and wheel drums for reassembly by scraping, grinding, or sandblasting.
  DWAs: Smooth surfaces of objects or equipment.

[Supplemental] [80% incumbents] Apply rubber cement to buffed tire casings prior to vulcanization process.
  DWAs: Repair tires.

[Supplemental] [80% incumbents] Patch tubes with adhesive rubber patches or seal rubber patches to tubes, using hot vulcanizing plates.
  DWAs: Repair tires.

[Supplemental] [80% incumbents] Drive automobile or service trucks to industrial sites to provide services or respond to emergency calls.
  DWAs: Drive trucks or other vehicles to or at work sites.

[Core] [78% incumbents] Hammer required counterweights onto rims of wheels.
  DWAs: Assemble mechanical components or machine parts.

--- SKILLS ---
  Active Listening (imp:3.00 lvl:2.50) — Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand
  Speaking (imp:3.00 lvl:2.25) — Talking to others to convey information effectively.
  Critical Thinking (imp:3.00 lvl:2.38) — Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternativ
  Monitoring (imp:2.88 lvl:2.25) — Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or organization
  Reading Comprehension (imp:2.50 lvl:2.00) — Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work-related documents.
  Writing (imp:2.25 lvl:2.12) — Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the audienc
  Active Learning (imp:2.25 lvl:2.00) — Understanding the implications of new information for both current and future pr
  Learning Strategies (imp:2.12 lvl:2.25) — Selecting and using training/instructional methods and procedures appropriate fo
  Mathematics (imp:2.00 lvl:1.88) — Using mathematics to solve problems.
  Science (imp:1.00) — Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems.

--- KNOWLEDGE ---
  Mechanical (imp:4.01 lvl:4.30) — Knowledge of machines and tools, including their designs, uses, repair, and main
  Customer and Personal Service (imp:3.58 lvl:3.44) — Knowledge of principles and processes for providing customer and personal servic
  Administration and Management (imp:3.18 lvl:2.77) — Knowledge of business and management principles involved in strategic planning, 
  Sales and Marketing (imp:3.02 lvl:3.28) — Knowledge of principles and methods for showing, promoting, and selling products
  English Language (imp:2.94 lvl:2.53) — Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the mea
  Public Safety and Security (imp:2.87 lvl:2.29) — Knowledge of relevant equipment, policies, procedures, and strategies to promote
  Production and Processing (imp:2.84 lvl:2.80) — Knowledge of raw materials, production processes, quality control, costs, and ot
  Transportation (imp:2.74 lvl:2.55) — Knowledge of principles and methods for moving people or goods by air, rail, sea
  Mathematics (imp:2.70 lvl:2.57) — Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their appl
  Engineering and Technology (imp:2.64 lvl:2.51) — Knowledge of the practical application of engineering science and technology. Th
  Law and Government (imp:2.48 lvl:2.03) — Knowledge of laws, legal codes, court procedures, precedents, government regulat
  Computers and Electronics (imp:2.45 lvl:2.71) — Knowledge of circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and comput
  Education and Training (imp:2.44 lvl:2.74) — Knowledge of principles and methods for curriculum and training design, teaching
  Personnel and Human Resources (imp:2.33 lvl:1.71) — Knowledge of principles and procedures for personnel recruitment, selection, tra
  Administrative (imp:2.30 lvl:1.84) — Knowledge of administrative and office procedures and systems such as word proce
  Economics and Accounting (imp:2.14 lvl:0.96) — Knowledge of economic and accounting principles and practices, the financial mar
  Design (imp:1.95 lvl:1.49) — Knowledge of design techniques, tools, and principles involved in production of 
  Telecommunications (imp:1.80 lvl:1.37) — Knowledge of transmission, broadcasting, switching, control, and operation of te
  Psychology (imp:1.79 lvl:1.16) — Knowledge of human behavior and performance; individual differences in ability, 
  Building and Construction (imp:1.75 lvl:1.47) — Knowledge of materials, methods, and the tools involved in the construction or r
  Physics (imp:1.73 lvl:1.36) — Knowledge and prediction of physical principles, laws, their interrelationships,
  Chemistry (imp:1.69 lvl:1.63) — Knowledge of the chemical composition, structure, and properties of substances a
  Communications and Media (imp:1.68 lvl:1.14) — Knowledge of media production, communication, and dissemination techniques and m
  Sociology and Anthropology (imp:1.38 lvl:0.57) — Knowledge of group behavior and dynamics, societal trends and influences, human 
  Foreign Language (imp:1.36 lvl:0.78) — Knowledge of the structure and content of a foreign (non-English) language inclu
  Geography (imp:1.28 lvl:0.60) — Knowledge of principles and methods for describing the features of land, sea, an
  History and Archeology (imp:1.24 lvl:0.40) — Knowledge of historical events and their causes, indicators, and effects on civi
  Philosophy and Theology (imp:1.21) — Knowledge of different philosophical systems and religions. This includes their 
  Medicine and Dentistry (imp:1.19) — Knowledge of the information and techniques needed to diagnose and treat human i
  Food Production (imp:1.17) — Knowledge of techniques and equipment for planting, growing, and harvesting food
  Therapy and Counseling (imp:1.17) — Knowledge of principles, methods, and procedures for diagnosis, treatment, and r
  Biology (imp:1.14) — Knowledge of plant and animal organisms, their tissues, cells, functions, interd
  Fine Arts (imp:1.13) — Knowledge of the theory and techniques required to compose, produce, and perform

--- ABILITIES ---
  Trunk Strength (imp:3.75 lvl:3.50) — The ability to use your abdominal and lower back muscles to support part of the 
  Manual Dexterity (imp:3.62 lvl:3.12) — The ability to quickly move your hand, your hand together with your arm, or your
  Multilimb Coordination (imp:3.62 lvl:3.00) — The ability to coordinate two or more limbs (for example, two arms, two legs, or
  Static Strength (imp:3.50 lvl:3.88) — The ability to exert maximum muscle force to lift, push, pull, or carry objects.
  Extent Flexibility (imp:3.38 lvl:3.62) — The ability to bend, stretch, twist, or reach with your body, arms, and/or legs.
  Near Vision (imp:3.38 lvl:3.25) — The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the observer).
  Problem Sensitivity (imp:3.12 lvl:2.88) — The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does no
  Oral Comprehension (imp:3.00 lvl:3.12) — The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through 
  Oral Expression (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will unde
  Deductive Reasoning (imp:3.00 lvl:2.88) — The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that 
  Inductive Reasoning (imp:3.00 lvl:2.12) — The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusion
  Information Ordering (imp:3.00 lvl:2.88) — The ability to arrange things or actions in a certain order or pattern according
  Arm-Hand Steadiness (imp:3.00 lvl:2.25) — The ability to keep your hand and arm steady while moving your arm or while hold
  Finger Dexterity (imp:3.00 lvl:3.12) — The ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the fingers of one or bot
  Control Precision (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to quickly and repeatedly adjust the controls of a machine or a vehi
  Speech Clarity (imp:3.00 lvl:2.25) — The ability to speak clearly so others can understand you.
  Written Comprehension (imp:2.88 lvl:2.25) — The ability to read and understand information and ideas presented in writing.
  Selective Attention (imp:2.88 lvl:2.62) — The ability to concentrate on a task over a period of time without being distrac
  Reaction Time (imp:2.88 lvl:3.00) — The ability to quickly respond (with the hand, finger, or foot) to a signal (sou
  Far Vision (imp:2.88 lvl:2.88) — The ability to see details at a distance.
  Speech Recognition (imp:2.88 lvl:2.50) — The ability to identify and understand the speech of another person.
  Category Flexibility (imp:2.75 lvl:2.25) — The ability to generate or use different sets of rules for combining or grouping
  Response Orientation (imp:2.75 lvl:2.62) — The ability to choose quickly between two or more movements in response to two o
  Rate Control (imp:2.75 lvl:2.75) — The ability to time your movements or the movement of a piece of equipment in an
  Stamina (imp:2.75 lvl:2.25) — The ability to exert yourself physically over long periods of time without getti
  Visual Color Discrimination (imp:2.75 lvl:2.25) — The ability to match or detect differences between colors, including shades of c
  Depth Perception (imp:2.75 lvl:2.12) — The ability to judge which of several objects is closer or farther away from you
  Visualization (imp:2.50 lvl:2.25) — The ability to imagine how something will look after it is moved around or when 
  Speed of Limb Movement (imp:2.50 lvl:2.12) — The ability to quickly move the arms and legs.
  Dynamic Strength (imp:2.50 lvl:2.12) — The ability to exert muscle force repeatedly or continuously over time. This inv
  Written Expression (imp:2.38 lvl:2.00) — The ability to communicate information and ideas in writing so others will under
  Flexibility of Closure (imp:2.38 lvl:2.25) — The ability to identify or detect a known pattern (a figure, object, word, or so
  Perceptual Speed (imp:2.38 lvl:2.00) — The ability to quickly and accurately compare similarities and differences among
  Time Sharing (imp:2.38 lvl:2.12) — The ability to shift back and forth between two or more activities or sources of
  Gross Body Coordination (imp:2.38 lvl:2.00) — The ability to coordinate the movement of your arms, legs, and torso together wh
  Hearing Sensitivity (imp:2.38 lvl:2.12) — The ability to detect or tell the differences between sounds that vary in pitch 
  Fluency of Ideas (imp:2.25 lvl:2.00) — The ability to come up with a number of ideas about a topic (the number of ideas
  Wrist-Finger Speed (imp:2.25 lvl:2.00) — The ability to make fast, simple, repeated movements of the fingers, hands, and 
  Auditory Attention (imp:2.25 lvl:2.12) — The ability to focus on a single source of sound in the presence of other distra
  Originality (imp:2.12 lvl:2.00) — The ability to come up with unusual or clever ideas about a given topic or situa
  Spatial Orientation (imp:2.12 lvl:1.75) — The ability to know your location in relation to the environment or to know wher
  Gross Body Equilibrium (imp:2.12 lvl:1.50) — The ability to keep or regain your body balance or stay upright when in an unsta
  Mathematical Reasoning (imp:2.00 lvl:1.62) — The ability to choose the right mathematical methods or formulas to solve a prob
  Number Facility (imp:2.00 lvl:2.00) — The ability to add, subtract, multiply, or divide quickly and correctly.
  Memorization (imp:2.00 lvl:2.00) — The ability to remember information such as words, numbers, pictures, and proced
  Speed of Closure (imp:2.00 lvl:2.00) — The ability to quickly make sense of, combine, and organize information into mea
  Night Vision (imp:2.00 lvl:1.75) — The ability to see under low-light conditions.
  Peripheral Vision (imp:2.00 lvl:1.38) — The ability to see objects or movement of objects to one's side when the eyes ar
  Glare Sensitivity (imp:2.00 lvl:1.75) — The ability to see objects in the presence of a glare or bright lighting.
  Sound Localization (imp:2.00 lvl:1.50) — The ability to tell the direction from which a sound originated.
  Explosive Strength (imp:1.88 lvl:1.12) — The ability to use short bursts of muscle force to propel oneself (as in jumping
  Dynamic Flexibility (imp:1.12 lvl:0.12) — The ability to quickly and repeatedly bend, stretch, twist, or reach out with yo

--- WORK ACTIVITIES ---
  Getting Information (imp:4.09 lvl:3.76) — Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from all relevant sour
  Operating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or Equipment (imp:4.08 lvl:3.25) — Running, maneuvering, navigating, or driving vehicles or mechanized equipment, s
  Handling and Moving Objects (imp:3.96 lvl:4.66) — Using hands and arms in handling, installing, positioning, and moving materials,
  Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates (imp:3.96 lvl:3.47) — Providing information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone,
  Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Materials (imp:3.91 lvl:3.89) — Inspecting equipment, structures, or materials to identify the cause of errors o
  Monitoring Processes, Materials, or Surroundings (imp:3.76 lvl:4.20) — Monitoring and reviewing information from materials, events, or the environment,
  Performing General Physical Activities (imp:3.72 lvl:4.33) — Performing general physical activities includes doing activities that require co
  Making Decisions and Solving Problems (imp:3.63 lvl:4.00) — Analyzing information and evaluating results to choose the best solution and sol
  Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events (imp:3.59 lvl:3.66) — Identifying information by categorizing, estimating, recognizing differences or 
  Estimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or Information (imp:3.55 lvl:3.38) — Estimating sizes, distances, and quantities; or determining time, costs, resourc
  Analyzing Data or Information (imp:3.49 lvl:3.27) — Identifying the underlying principles, reasons, or facts of information by break
  Performing for or Working Directly with the Public (imp:3.45 lvl:3.59) — Performing for people or dealing directly with the public. This includes serving
  Judging the Qualities of Objects, Services, or People (imp:3.44 lvl:3.53) — Assessing the value, importance, or quality of things or people.
  Evaluating Information to Determine Compliance with Standards (imp:3.41 lvl:3.07) — Using relevant information and individual judgment to determine whether events o
  Controlling Machines and Processes (imp:3.40 lvl:3.90) — Using either control mechanisms or direct physical activity to operate machines 
  Processing Information (imp:3.26 lvl:3.26) — Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, or verifying
  Training and Teaching Others (imp:3.21 lvl:3.05) — Identifying the educational needs of others, developing formal educational or tr
  Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work (imp:3.19 lvl:3.34) — Developing specific goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and accomplish your
  Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge (imp:3.18 lvl:3.75) — Keeping up-to-date technically and applying new knowledge to your job.
  Repairing and Maintaining Mechanical Equipment (imp:3.15 lvl:3.60) — Servicing, repairing, adjusting, and testing machines, devices, moving parts, an
  Thinking Creatively (imp:3.07 lvl:2.76) — Developing, designing, or creating new applications, ideas, relationships, syste
  Coordinating the Work and Activities of Others (imp:3.04 lvl:3.01) — Getting members of a group to work together to accomplish tasks.
  Coaching and Developing Others (imp:3.03 lvl:3.31) — Identifying the developmental needs of others and coaching, mentoring, or otherw
  Selling or Influencing Others (imp:3.01 lvl:3.68) — Convincing others to buy merchandise/goods or to otherwise change their minds or
  Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships (imp:2.99 lvl:3.45) — Developing constructive and cooperative working relationships with others, and m
  Communicating with People Outside the Organization (imp:2.81 lvl:3.00) — Communicating with people outside the organization, representing the organizatio
  Developing Objectives and Strategies (imp:2.78 lvl:2.47) — Establishing long-range objectives and specifying the strategies and actions to 
  Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others (imp:2.72 lvl:2.41) — Translating or explaining what information means and how it can be used.
  Assisting and Caring for Others (imp:2.68 lvl:2.30) — Providing personal assistance, medical attention, emotional support, or other pe
  Providing Consultation and Advice to Others (imp:2.67 lvl:2.77) — Providing guidance and expert advice to management or other groups on technical,
  Working with Computers (imp:2.57 lvl:2.31) — Using computers and computer systems (including hardware and software) to progra
  Scheduling Work and Activities (imp:2.54 lvl:2.27) — Scheduling events, programs, and activities, as well as the work of others.
  Documenting/Recording Information (imp:2.53 lvl:2.30) — Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining information in writte
  Resolving Conflicts and Negotiating with Others (imp:2.52 lvl:2.36) — Handling complaints, settling disputes, and resolving grievances and conflicts, 
  Monitoring and Controlling Resources (imp:2.51 lvl:2.89) — Monitoring and controlling resources and overseeing the spending of money.
  Guiding, Directing, and Motivating Subordinates (imp:2.39 lvl:2.45) — Providing guidance and direction to subordinates, including setting performance 
  Developing and Building Teams (imp:2.38 lvl:2.13) — Encouraging and building mutual trust, respect, and cooperation among team membe
  Performing Administrative Activities (imp:2.33 lvl:1.90) — Performing day-to-day administrative tasks such as maintaining information files
  Drafting, Laying Out, and Specifying Technical Devices, Parts, and Equipment (imp:2.22 lvl:2.00) — Providing documentation, detailed instructions, drawings, or specifications to t
  Repairing and Maintaining Electronic Equipment (imp:2.12 lvl:2.05) — Servicing, repairing, calibrating, regulating, fine-tuning, or testing machines,
  Staffing Organizational Units (imp:2.00 lvl:1.80) — Recruiting, interviewing, selecting, hiring, and promoting employees in an organ

--- WORK STYLES ---
  Dependability (imp:2.06) — A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related o
  Attention to Detail (imp:1.86) — A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
  Cautiousness (imp:1.56) — A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related
  Stress Tolerance (imp:1.09) — A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
  Dependability (imp:1.00) — A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related o
  Integrity (imp:0.96) — A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
  Perseverance (imp:0.88) — A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in 
  Cooperation (imp:0.71) — A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
  Self-Control (imp:0.68) — A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in res
  Achievement Orientation (imp:0.56) — A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, 
  Self-Confidence (imp:0.39) — A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control 
  Sincerity (imp:0.34) — A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, withou
  Initiative (imp:0.30) — A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may
  Optimism (imp:0.16) — A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even un
  Adaptability (imp:0.08) — A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas 
  Intellectual Curiosity (imp:0.06) — A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep 
  Innovation () — A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on 
  Achievement Orientation () — A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, 
  Intellectual Curiosity () — A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep 
  Tolerance for Ambiguity () — A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
  Initiative () — A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may
  Adaptability () — A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas 
  Self-Confidence () — A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control 
  Perseverance () — A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in 
  Leadership Orientation () — A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
  Humility () — A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
  Sincerity () — A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, withou
  Empathy () — A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feel
  Cooperation () — A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
  Optimism () — A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even un
  Social Orientation () — A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
  Cautiousness () — A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related
  Attention to Detail () — A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
  Integrity () — A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
  Stress Tolerance () — A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
  Self-Control () — A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in res
  Empathy (imp:-0.05) — A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feel
  Social Orientation (imp:-0.07) — A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
  Humility (imp:-0.14) — A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
  Leadership Orientation (imp:-0.43) — A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
  Innovation (imp:-0.50) — A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on 
  Tolerance for Ambiguity (imp:-0.59) — A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.

--- TRANSFERABLE SKILLS ---
  Service Orientation (imp:3.00 lvl:2.62) — Actively looking for ways to help people.
  Time Management (imp:3.00 lvl:2.62) — Managing one's own time and the time of others.
  Operations Monitoring (imp:2.88 lvl:2.75) — Watching gauges, dials, or other indicators to make sure a machine is working pr
  Troubleshooting (imp:2.88 lvl:2.62) — Determining causes of operating errors and deciding what to do about it.
  Repairing (imp:2.88 lvl:2.75) — Repairing machines or systems using the needed tools.
  Quality Control Analysis (imp:2.88 lvl:2.38) — Conducting tests and inspections of products, services, or processes to evaluate
  Social Perceptiveness (imp:2.75 lvl:2.25) — Being aware of others' reactions and understanding why they react as they do.
  Coordination (imp:2.75 lvl:2.12) — Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions.
  Complex Problem Solving (imp:2.75 lvl:2.25) — Identifying complex problems and reviewing related information to develop and ev
  Operation and Control (imp:2.75 lvl:2.88) — Controlling operations of equipment or systems.
  Judgment and Decision Making (imp:2.62 lvl:2.12) — Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential actions to choose the m
  Equipment Maintenance (imp:2.38 lvl:2.00) — Performing routine maintenance on equipment and determining when and what kind o
  Management of Personnel Resources (imp:2.38 lvl:2.25) — Motivating, developing, and directing people as they work, identifying the best 
  Persuasion (imp:2.25 lvl:2.00) — Persuading others to change their minds or behavior.
  Negotiation (imp:2.25 lvl:2.12) — Bringing others together and trying to reconcile differences.
  Instructing (imp:2.25 lvl:2.25) — Teaching others how to do something.
  Equipment Selection (imp:2.12 lvl:1.62) — Determining the kind of tools and equipment needed to do a job.
  Management of Material Resources (imp:2.12 lvl:1.62) — Obtaining and seeing to the appropriate use of equipment, facilities, and materi
  Installation (imp:2.00 lvl:1.00) — Installing equipment, machines, wiring, or programs to meet specifications.
  Systems Analysis (imp:2.00 lvl:2.00) — Determining how a system should work and how changes in conditions, operations, 
  Systems Evaluation (imp:2.00 lvl:2.00) — Identifying measures or indicators of system performance and the actions needed 
  Management of Financial Resources (imp:1.75 lvl:0.75) — Determining how money will be spent to get the work done, and accounting for the
  Technology Design (imp:1.38 lvl:0.50) — Generating or adapting equipment and technology to serve user needs.
  Operations Analysis (imp:1.00) — Analyzing needs and product requirements to create a design.
  Programming (imp:1.00) — Writing computer programs for various purposes.

--- NATIONAL WAGES ---
  total_employment : 108,410
  annual_median    : $37,710
  annual_pct10     : $30,010
  annual_pct25     : $34,690
  annual_pct75     : $45,300
  annual_pct90     : $50,230
  annual_mean      : $40,170
  hourly_median    : $18.13

--- GEOGRAPHIC DISPERSION ---
  highest_state    : Oregon ($47,650)
  lowest_state     : Puerto Rico ($23,780)
  dispersion_ratio : 2.004x

--- TOP STATES BY WAGE (52 total) ---
  Retail Trade                             emp:   88,800  median: $  37,560
  Other Services (except Public Administration) emp:    9,950  median: $  36,190
  Wholesale Trade                          emp:    5,160  median: $  39,660
  Manufacturing                            emp:    1,210  median: $  49,380
  Transportation and Warehousing           emp:    1,070  median: $  48,980
  Real Estate and Rental and Leasing       emp:      700  median: $  44,500
  Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services emp:      640  median: $  42,940
  Management of Companies and Enterprises  emp:      360  median: $  38,900
  Federal, State, and Local Government, excluding State and Local Government Schools and Hospitals and the U.S. Postal Service (OEWS Designation) emp:      200  median: $  50,800
  Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction emp:      130  median: $  50,760

--- TOP INDUSTRIES BY EMPLOYMENT (11 total) ---
  Retail Trade                             emp:   88,800  median: $  37,560
  Other Services (except Public Administration) emp:    9,950  median: $  36,190
  Wholesale Trade                          emp:    5,160  median: $  39,660
  Manufacturing                            emp:    1,210  median: $  49,380
  Transportation and Warehousing           emp:    1,070  median: $  48,980
  Real Estate and Rental and Leasing       emp:      700  median: $  44,500
  Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services emp:      640  median: $  42,940
  Management of Companies and Enterprises  emp:      360  median: $  38,900
  Federal, State, and Local Government, excluding State and Local Government Schools and Hospitals and the U.S. Postal Service (OEWS Designation) emp:      200  median: $  50,800
  Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction emp:      130  median: $  50,760

exact_match_status : found
matched_title      : Tire changer
match_score        : 0.6154
wikidata_qid       : Q4524081
word_count         : 1,189
wikipedia_url      : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tire_changer
license            : CC BY-SA 4.0
fetched_at         : 2026-06-02T22:56:55.464824Z

--- WIKIPEDIA FULL TEXT ---
A tire changer is a machine used to help tire technicians dismount and mount tires with automobile wheels. After the wheel and tire assembly are removed from the automobile, the tire changer has all the components necessary to remove and replace the tire from the wheel. Different tire changers allow technicians to replace tires on automobiles, motorcycles and heavy-duty trucks. New tire and wheel technology has improved certain tire changers to be able to change a low profile tire or a run-flat tire.


== Components ==


=== Foot pedals ===

The tire changer has two foot pedals. The left pedal is called the clamp control pedal, a three position pedal that opens and closes the rim clamps. Once pressed, pneumatic pistons move the 4 rim clamps together or apart simultaneously. The right pedal is the table top pedal, which is a three position pedal that controls the rotation of the table top. When the table top pedal is pressed down, the table top spins clockwise. The table top spins counter clockwise when the pedal is raised.


=== Mount/demount mechanism ===

The mount/demount mechanism consists of the duckhead, swing arm, and vertical slide. The duckhead is at the bottom end of the vertical slide. The duckhead is uniquely shaped, like a tapered bill, to fit next and surround the rim of a wheel. It can either be made of metal or plastic. The duckhead mounts and demounts the tire from the wheel. The swing arm moves left and right. The purpose of the swing arm is to move the duck head near or away from the rim. The last component of the mount/demount mechanism is the vertical slide. The vertical slide moves up and down so that the duck head can fit onto the rims of different size wheel widths. The vertical slide has a spring and locking handle above the swing arm to set the duckhead and maintain a stable position around the rim.


=== Air pressure system ===

The air pressure system on a tire changer provides the air to inflate tires mounted on wheels. The air pressure system consists of 4 components: air hose, air inflation gauge, inflation pedal and manual pressure bleed valve. The air hose is located near the top of the tire changer, and it allows compressed air to travel into the tire. A specialized end is used on the air hose to clamp firmly onto valve stems of the wheels. The air inflation gauge displays the air pressure within the tire when the air hose is connected to the valve stem. The air inflation gauge displays the pressure in pounds per square inch (psi). Directly below the air hose on the side of the tire changer is the inflation pedal that enables the inflation of the tire. When the inflation pedal is raised, a burst of air is released from valves next to each rim clamp toward the bottom bead of the tire to help with inflation. The manual bleed valve is located next to the air hose and air inflation gauge. The manual bleed valve allows the manual release of air pressure from tire.


=== Table top and rim clamps ===

The table top and rim clamps hold and rotate the wheel to mount or dismount a tire. The table top is directly above the foot pedals and below the mount/demount mechanism. The table top is able to rotate clockwise and counter clockwise. The table top is shaped as the letter "X", but it can be a circle in different tire changer models.  On each end of the table top, there are pneumatic–powered rim clamps. These rim clamps move in unison to secure wheels onto the table top. Each rim clamp can be adjusted closer or further away from the center of the table top to accommodate smaller or larger wheels.


=== Bead loosening system ===

The bead loosening system releases the tire bead from the rim of the wheel. The bead loosening system consists of an arm near the bottom right side of the tire changer. There is a shovel shaped metal piece at the end of the arm called the bead loosener shoe. The bead loosener shoe pivots and is rounded to accommodate the shape of a wheel. On top of the arm, there is a handle with a button on top to engage the bead loosening system. Across from the shovel shaped metal piece, there are rubber squares to protect the wheel from scratches during the loosening procedure.


== Tire installation ==

The following list provides an explanation of an operator installing a tire onto a wheel using a tire changer:

The operator centers the wheel and securely fastens it onto the table top with the rim clamp mechanism with the narrow bead-ledge up of the wheel.
The operator pushes the bottom bead first in the well of the wheel.
The operator pushes the top bead down into the center well of the wheel under the duckhead and rotates the table top using the table top pedal.
The operator installs a valve core.
The operator slowly inflates the tire until the beads "pop" on the bead ledge of the wheel.
The operator releases the rim clamps and inflates the tire to manufacturer specifications.


== Other types of tire changers ==


=== Motorcycle ===
Motorcycle tire changers are less sophisticated than passenger car and light truck or heavy-duty tire changers because they deal with smaller and lighter tires and wheels. Motorcycle tire changers mainly provide a simple bead loosening system and rim clamps powered manually. Certain motorcycle tire changers can accommodate wheel diameters as small as 10 inches (250 mm) and wheels at least 1+1⁄2 inches (38 mm) wide.  In addition, small atv wheels and tires are used on motorcycle tire changers.


=== Heavy duty ===
Heavy-duty tire changers require larger equipment because these changers deal with larger, heavier tires and wheels. Heavy-duty tire changers can work with some wheels up to 56 inches (1.4 m) in diameter and tires up to 90.5 inches (2.30 m) in diameter and 43 inches (1.1 m) wide. Heavy-duty tire changers are used for agricultural, off-road and construction vehicles. However, now, bigger versions of the heavy-duty tire changers are designed to mount/demount tires up to 95 inches (2.4 m) in diameter and also feature a hydraulically operated self-centering four-jaw chuck with clamping jaws that can clamp from 14 to 58 inches (0.36 to 1.47 m) either from the wheel’s inside or from the center bore.


=== Semi-automatic and automatic mounting and inflation machines ===
Higher volume producers typically utilize specialized tire and wheel mounting and inflation equipment which is partially or fully automated. Depending on the tire size, machines may be a single station or multistation. In these machines, the tire is inflated using high volume, high pressure compressed air that flows into the tire around the tire bead rather than through the valve stem. When the tire has achieved the desired inflation pressure, the machine's inflation head moves away from the tire and the inflation process is completed.


== References ==


== External links ==
 Media related to Tire changers at Wikimedia Commons

--- SEMANTIC NEIGHBORS (5) ---

  Title: Automobile repair shop (similarity: 0.4898)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobile_repair_shop
  QID: Q1310967
  Extract: An automobile repair shop is an establishment where automobiles are repaired by auto mechanics and technicians. The customer interface is typically a service advisor, traditionally called a service writer.

  Title: Mavis Tire (similarity: 0.2162)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mavis_Tire
  QID: Q65058420
  Extract: Mavis Tire is an American automotive and tire service company. Founded in 1949 by Marion and Victor Sorbaro as Vic's Cycle Shop, it currently has over 3,500 independently-held tire sales and automotive repair locations throughout the United States and Canada. The company is headquartered in White Pl

  Title: Flat tire (similarity: 0.2222)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flat_tire
  QID: Q1779337
  Extract: A flat tire is a deflated pneumatic tire, which can cause the rim of the wheel to ride on the tire tread or the ground potentially resulting in loss of control of the vehicle or irreparable damage to the tire. The most common cause of a flat tire is the puncturing of the tire by a sharp object, such

  Title: Tire (similarity: 0.2581)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tire
  QID: Q169545
  Extract: A tire or tyre is a ring-shaped component that surrounds a wheel's rim to transfer a vehicle's load from the axle through the wheel to the ground and to provide traction on the surface over which the wheel travels. Most tires, such as those for automobiles and bicycles, are pneumatically inflated st

  Title: Cryptologic technician (similarity: 0.2449)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptologic_technician
  QID: Q5190975
  Extract: Cryptologic technician (CT) is a United States Navy enlisted rating or job specialty. The CT community performs a wide range of tasks in support of the national intelligence-gathering effort, with an emphasis on cryptology and signal intelligence related products.

model_pass1          : claude-sonnet-4-20250514
model_pass2          : claude-haiku-4-5-20251001
inference_confidence : high
confidence_notes     : Comprehensive O*NET data with detailed work activities, strong wage data from BLS, and clear Wikipedia validation of core job functions provide robust foundation for occupation intelligence.
inferred_at          : 2026-06-04T00:35:12.212945+00:00
tokens_input         : 4,756
tokens_output        : 4,293
cost_usd             : $0.046649
wikipedia_used       : True
wikipedia_title      : Tire changer
wikipedia_note       : Wikipedia confirms tire changers as machines used by tire technicians to dismount and mount tires, supporting the occupation's focus on tire changing equipment and procedures. The entry validates the technical aspects of tire removal and replacement processes.

--- PROSE FIELDS ---

ROLE SUMMARY:
Tire Repairers and Changers diagnose, repair, and replace tires on vehicles ranging from passenger cars to commercial trucks. They use hydraulic equipment and hand tools to remove wheels, identify tire damage, perform repairs like patching punctures or replacing valve stems, and ensure proper tire mounting and balancing. These technicians work primarily in retail tire shops, automotive service centers, and commercial fleet maintenance facilities.

DAY IN THE LIFE:
A tire technician starts by raising vehicles on hydraulic jacks and removing wheels using lug wrenches and power tools. They inspect tire casings for defects like holes, tears, or embedded objects, often immersing inflated tires in water baths to locate punctures by observing air bubbles. For repairable damage, they seal punctures in tubeless tires by inserting adhesive material and expanding rubber plugs. They place wheels on balancing machines to determine proper counterweights and identify correct tire size and ply specifications before inflation. The day includes remounting wheels, replacing valve stems, and communicating with customers about tire conditions and repair recommendations.

WHO THRIVES:
Successful tire technicians possess strong mechanical aptitude and enjoy hands-on problem-solving with automotive components. They have excellent trunk strength and manual dexterity for handling heavy wheels and tires, combined with attention to detail for inspecting tire conditions and identifying safety issues. These workers thrive in fast-paced environments where dependability and cautiousness are essential, as improper tire installation can create serious safety hazards. They communicate well with customers about tire conditions and recommendations while maintaining focus during repetitive physical tasks that require multilimb coordination and extent flexibility.

CAREER ENTRY:
Most tire repairers enter with a high school diploma (41%) or less (27.3%), with many receiving on-the-job training at tire shops or quick-lube centers. Post-secondary certificates in automotive technology or mechanic programs provide additional preparation (26.4% of workers). Many start as general service technicians and specialize in tire work, learning to operate tire changing machines, wheel balancing equipment, and hydraulic lifts through hands-on experience.

CAREER TRAJECTORY:
Experienced tire technicians can advance to lead technician positions, specializing in commercial truck tires or becoming service managers at tire retail locations. Many transition to broader automotive service roles like general automotive technicians or brake specialists, leveraging their mechanical knowledge and customer service experience. Some pursue specialized certifications in wheel alignment or start their own mobile tire service businesses, while others move into wholesale tire sales or tire manufacturing roles.

MARKET INTELLIGENCE:
According to BLS OEWS May 2025 data, 108,410 tire repairers and changers earn a median annual wage of $37,710, with the 10th to 90th percentile range spanning $30,010 to $50,230. Geographic variation is moderate, with Oregon offering the highest wages at $47,650 compared to Puerto Rico's $23,780, representing a 2.00x ratio. Employment is heavily concentrated in retail trade (88,800 workers), followed by other services (9,950) and wholesale trade (5,160). The occupation benefits from steady demand driven by vehicle fleet growth and tire replacement cycles, though tire longevity improvements may moderate growth. Job Zone 2 classification indicates minimal formal education requirements, making this an accessible entry point into automotive services.

AUTOMATION OUTLOOK:
Tire changing and repair work has moderate automation risk, as tire changing machines already assist with mounting and dismounting tasks. However, the inspection, diagnosis, and repair of tire damage still requires human judgment for identifying puncture locations, assessing tire condition, and determining repair feasibility versus replacement needs.

--- REASONED EDGES ---
  [career_pathway] Automotive Service Technicians and Mechanics (49-3023.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Shared mechanical knowledge (4.0 importance) and vehicle service experience create natural progression path to broader automotive repair roles.
    data: mechanical knowledge 4.0 importance
    data: vehicle operation work activity 4.1 importance
    data: O*NET declared primary-short relationship
  [skill_overlap] Bicycle Repairers (49-3091.00) — confidence:medium
    reasoning: Both roles require manual dexterity (3.6 importance), repairing skills (2.9 importance), and tire/wheel maintenance expertise.
    data: manual dexterity 3.6 importance
    data: repairing transferable skill 2.9 importance
    data: wheel/tire focus
  [knowledge_overlap] Bus and Truck Mechanics and Diesel Engine Specialists (49-3031.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Heavy commercial tire service requires similar mechanical knowledge (4.0 importance) and transportation knowledge (2.7 importance) for fleet vehicle maintenance.
    data: mechanical knowledge 4.0 importance
    data: transportation knowledge 2.7 importance
    data: commercial vehicle focus
  [knowledge_overlap] Tire Builders (51-9197.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both roles center on tire expertise with shared mechanical knowledge (4.0 importance) and production processing knowledge (2.8 importance).
    data: mechanical knowledge 4.0 importance
    data: production processing knowledge 2.8 importance
    data: tire industry focus
  [task_similarity] Motorcycle Mechanics (49-3052.00) — confidence:medium
    reasoning: Both roles involve wheel removal, tire inspection, and remounting using similar tools and techniques for two-wheeled versus four-wheeled vehicles.
    data: wheel removal tasks
    data: tire inspection activities
    data: mechanical tools usage

--- NORMALIZER SIGNALS ---
  match_keywords   : ['tire repair', 'tire changer', 'tire technician', 'wheel balancing', 'tire mounting', 'tire service', 'tire installation', 'automotive tires']
  exclude_keywords : ['tire manufacturing', 'tire sales', 'tire design', 'tire engineering', 'rubber production']
  title_patterns   : ['tire tech', 'tire service tech', 'tire specialist', 'wheel technician', 'automotive tire worker']
  common_variations: ['tire repairer', 'tire changer', 'tire service technician', 'tire care technician', 'commercial tire tech', 'mobile tire technician', 'tire balancer', 'roadside technician']

total_terms    : 40
top_words      : ['tire', 'tendency', 'others', 'equipment', 'tires', 'wheel', 'air', 'wheels', 'vehicles', 'changers', 'repair', 'rim', 'objects', 'principles', 'table', 'machines', 'inflation', 'mechanical', 'service', 'control']
source_layers  : onet_tasks | onet_dimensions | dwas | wikipedia | inference

TERM                    COUNT     FREQ  DOMINANT SOURCE      SOURCE BREAKDOWN
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
tire                       99  0.02859  wikipedia            wikipedia:62%  inference:32%  onet_tasks:6%
tendency                   42  0.01213  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
others                     39  0.01126  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:97%  inference:3%
equipment                  36  0.01040  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:64%  dwas:22%  inference:8%
tires                      30  0.00866  wikipedia            wikipedia:33%  onet_tasks:30%  inference:20%
wheel                      26  0.00751  wikipedia            wikipedia:88%  inference:8%  onet_tasks:4%
air                        24  0.00693  wikipedia            wikipedia:83%  onet_dimensions:8%  onet_tasks:4%
wheels                     22  0.00635  wikipedia            wikipedia:45%  onet_tasks:32%  inference:23%
vehicles                   18  0.00520  dwas                 dwas:39%  onet_tasks:22%  onet_dimensions:22%
changers                   18  0.00520  wikipedia            wikipedia:78%  inference:17%  onet_tasks:6%
repair                     18  0.00520  dwas                 dwas:44%  inference:28%  wikipedia:17%
rim                        17  0.00491  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
objects                    16  0.00462  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:75%  dwas:12%  onet_tasks:6%
principles                 16  0.00462  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
table                      16  0.00462  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
machines                   15  0.00433  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:47%  inference:27%  wikipedia:20%
inflation                  15  0.00433  wikipedia            wikipedia:93%  inference:7%
mechanical                 14  0.00404  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:36%  dwas:36%  onet_tasks:14%
service                    14  0.00404  inference            inference:43%  wikipedia:21%  onet_dimensions:14%
control                    14  0.00404  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:86%  wikipedia:14%
bead                       14  0.00404  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
includes                   13  0.00375  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:92%  inference:8%
arm                        13  0.00375  wikipedia            wikipedia:54%  onet_dimensions:46%
problems                   12  0.00347  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:75%  dwas:25%
pedal                      12  0.00347  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
hand                       11  0.00318  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:64%  onet_tasks:27%  inference:9%
tools                      11  0.00318  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:45%  onet_tasks:27%  inference:18%
materials                  11  0.00318  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:91%  dwas:9%
ideas                      11  0.00318  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
valve                      10  0.00289  wikipedia            wikipedia:70%  inference:20%  onet_tasks:10%
services                   10  0.00289  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:60%  inference:20%  onet_tasks:10%
techniques                 10  0.00289  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
body                       10  0.00289  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
identifying                10  0.00289  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:80%  inference:20%
pressure                   10  0.00289  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
needs                       9  0.00260  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:89%  inference:11%
procedures                  9  0.00260  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:89%  inference:11%
resources                   9  0.00260  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
quickly                     9  0.00260  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
activities                  9  0.00260  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%