[Core] [82% incumbents] Measure, examine, or test completed units to check for defects and ensure conformance to specifications, using precision instruments, such as micrometers.
  DWAs: Measure dimensions of completed products or workpieces to verify conformance to specifications.

[Core] [82% incumbents] Set up, adjust, or operate basic or specialized machine tools used to perform precision machining operations.
  DWAs: Operate metal or plastic forming equipment.

[Core] [82% incumbents] Study sample parts, blueprints, drawings, or engineering information to determine methods or sequences of operations needed to fabricate products.
  DWAs: Review blueprints or other instructions to determine operational methods or sequences.

[Core] [82% incumbents] Operate equipment to verify operational efficiency.
  DWAs: Conduct test runs of production equipment. | Operate metal or plastic forming equipment.

[Core] [82% incumbents] Design fixtures, tooling, or experimental parts to meet special engineering needs.
  DWAs: Design tools, fixtures, or other devices for production equipment.

[Core] [82% incumbents] Check work pieces to ensure that they are properly lubricated or cooled.
  DWAs: Monitor lubrication of equipment or workpieces.

[Supplemental] [82% incumbents] Support metalworking projects from planning and fabrication through assembly, inspection, and testing, using knowledge of machine functions, metal properties, and mathematics.
  DWAs: Determine metal or plastic production methods. | Prepare fabrics or materials for processing or production.

[Supplemental] [82% incumbents] Establish work procedures for fabricating new structural products, using a variety of metalworking machines.
  DWAs: Plan production or operational procedures or sequences.

[Supplemental] [82% incumbents] Install experimental parts or assemblies, such as hydraulic systems, electrical wiring, lubricants, or batteries into machines or mechanisms.
  DWAs: Assemble electromechanical or hydraulic systems.

[Core] [81% incumbents] Monitor the feed and speed of machines during the machining process.
  DWAs: Monitor equipment operation to ensure proper functioning.

[Core] [81% incumbents] Maintain machine tools in proper operational condition.
  DWAs: Maintain production or processing equipment.

[Core] [81% incumbents] Diagnose machine tool malfunctions to determine need for adjustments or repairs.
  DWAs: Diagnose equipment malfunctions.

[Core] [81% incumbents] Dispose of scrap or waste material in accordance with company policies and environmental regulations.
  DWAs: Dispose of trash or waste materials.

[Core] [81% incumbents] Confer with engineering, supervisory, or manufacturing personnel to exchange technical information.
  DWAs: Exchange information with colleagues.

[Core] [81% incumbents] Lay out, measure, and mark metal stock to display placement of cuts.
  DWAs: Measure materials to mark reference points, cutting lines, or other indicators. | Draw guide lines or markings on materials or workpieces using patterns or other references.

[Core] [81% incumbents] Separate scrap waste and related materials for reuse, recycling, or disposal.
  DWAs: Sort recyclable materials.

[Supplemental] [81% incumbents] Dismantle machines or equipment, using hand tools or power tools to examine parts for defects and replace defective parts where needed.
  DWAs: Disassemble equipment for maintenance or repair. | Replace worn equipment components.

[Supplemental] [81% incumbents] Set up or operate metalworking, brazing, heat-treating, welding, or cutting equipment.
  DWAs: Operate welding equipment. | Operate cutting equipment.

[Core] [80% incumbents] Calculate dimensions or tolerances, using instruments, such as micrometers or vernier calipers.
  DWAs: Calculate dimensions of workpieces, products, or equipment. | Measure dimensions of completed products or workpieces to verify conformance to specifications.

[Core] [80% incumbents] Machine parts to specifications, using machine tools, such as lathes, milling machines, shapers, or grinders.
  DWAs: Operate grinding equipment. | Operate cutting equipment.

[Core] [80% incumbents] Align and secure holding fixtures, cutting tools, attachments, accessories, or materials onto machines.
  DWAs: Mount attachments or tools onto production equipment.

[Core] [80% incumbents] Evaluate machining procedures and recommend changes or modifications for improved efficiency or adaptability.
  DWAs: Advise others on ways to improve processes or products.

[Supplemental] [80% incumbents] Test experimental models under simulated operating conditions, for purposes such as development, standardization, or feasibility of design.
  DWAs: Test materials, solutions, or samples. | Conduct test runs of production equipment.

[Supplemental] [80% incumbents] Advise clients about the materials being used for finished products.
  DWAs: Advise others on ways to improve processes or products.

[Core] [79% incumbents] Program computers or electronic instruments, such as numerically controlled machine tools.
  DWAs: Program equipment to perform production tasks.

[Core] [79% incumbents] Confer with numerical control programmers to check and ensure that new programs or machinery will function properly and that output will meet specifications.
  DWAs: Exchange information with colleagues.

[Supplemental] [79% incumbents] Install repaired parts into equipment or install new equipment.
  DWAs: Mount attachments or tools onto production equipment. | Install mechanical components in production equipment.

[Supplemental] [79% incumbents] Prepare working sketches for the illustration of product appearance.
  DWAs: Create diagrams or blueprints for workpieces or products.

[Core] [78% incumbents] Fit and assemble parts to make or repair machine tools.
  DWAs: Assemble machine tools, parts, or fixtures.

--- SKILLS ---
  Critical Thinking (imp:3.12 lvl:3.12) — Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternativ
  Monitoring (imp:3.12 lvl:3.12) — Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or organization
  Active Listening (imp:3.00 lvl:2.88) — Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand
  Speaking (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — Talking to others to convey information effectively.
  Reading Comprehension (imp:2.88 lvl:3.00) — Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work-related documents.
  Mathematics (imp:2.88 lvl:2.75) — Using mathematics to solve problems.
  Active Learning (imp:2.75 lvl:2.88) — Understanding the implications of new information for both current and future pr
  Writing (imp:2.50 lvl:2.62) — Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the audienc
  Learning Strategies (imp:2.12 lvl:2.38) — Selecting and using training/instructional methods and procedures appropriate fo
  Science (imp:1.50 lvl:0.75) — Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems.

--- KNOWLEDGE ---
  Mathematics (imp:3.47 lvl:3.54) — Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their appl
  Mechanical (imp:3.30 lvl:3.90) — Knowledge of machines and tools, including their designs, uses, repair, and main
  Production and Processing (imp:3.26 lvl:3.03) — Knowledge of raw materials, production processes, quality control, costs, and ot
  Design (imp:3.01 lvl:3.37) — Knowledge of design techniques, tools, and principles involved in production of 
  Engineering and Technology (imp:2.70 lvl:2.98) — Knowledge of the practical application of engineering science and technology. Th
  English Language (imp:2.70 lvl:2.00) — Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the mea
  Customer and Personal Service (imp:2.40 lvl:2.27) — Knowledge of principles and processes for providing customer and personal servic
  Computers and Electronics (imp:2.37 lvl:2.49) — Knowledge of circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and comput
  Education and Training (imp:2.22 lvl:2.58) — Knowledge of principles and methods for curriculum and training design, teaching
  Physics (imp:2.20 lvl:1.85) — Knowledge and prediction of physical principles, laws, their interrelationships,
  Administration and Management (imp:2.10 lvl:1.89) — Knowledge of business and management principles involved in strategic planning, 
  Administrative (imp:2.05 lvl:1.46) — Knowledge of administrative and office procedures and systems such as word proce
  Building and Construction (imp:1.82 lvl:1.27) — Knowledge of materials, methods, and the tools involved in the construction or r
  Personnel and Human Resources (imp:1.79 lvl:1.13) — Knowledge of principles and procedures for personnel recruitment, selection, tra
  Transportation (imp:1.68 lvl:1.37) — Knowledge of principles and methods for moving people or goods by air, rail, sea
  Chemistry (imp:1.64 lvl:1.43) — Knowledge of the chemical composition, structure, and properties of substances a
  Public Safety and Security (imp:1.62 lvl:1.09) — Knowledge of relevant equipment, policies, procedures, and strategies to promote
  Economics and Accounting (imp:1.46) — Knowledge of economic and accounting principles and practices, the financial mar
  Telecommunications (imp:1.43) — Knowledge of transmission, broadcasting, switching, control, and operation of te
  Sales and Marketing (imp:1.37) — Knowledge of principles and methods for showing, promoting, and selling products
  Communications and Media (imp:1.35) — Knowledge of media production, communication, and dissemination techniques and m
  Foreign Language (imp:1.32) — Knowledge of the structure and content of a foreign (non-English) language inclu
  Biology (imp:1.30) — Knowledge of plant and animal organisms, their tissues, cells, functions, interd
  Psychology (imp:1.30) — Knowledge of human behavior and performance; individual differences in ability, 
  Law and Government (imp:1.28) — Knowledge of laws, legal codes, court procedures, precedents, government regulat
  Sociology and Anthropology (imp:1.27) — Knowledge of group behavior and dynamics, societal trends and influences, human 
  Medicine and Dentistry (imp:1.25) — Knowledge of the information and techniques needed to diagnose and treat human i
  Philosophy and Theology (imp:1.23) — Knowledge of different philosophical systems and religions. This includes their 
  Fine Arts (imp:1.22) — Knowledge of the theory and techniques required to compose, produce, and perform
  Geography (imp:1.03) — Knowledge of principles and methods for describing the features of land, sea, an
  Therapy and Counseling (imp:1.03) — Knowledge of principles, methods, and procedures for diagnosis, treatment, and r
  History and Archeology (imp:1.03) — Knowledge of historical events and their causes, indicators, and effects on civi
  Food Production (imp:1.01) — Knowledge of techniques and equipment for planting, growing, and harvesting food

--- ABILITIES ---
  Arm-Hand Steadiness (imp:3.62 lvl:3.38) — The ability to keep your hand and arm steady while moving your arm or while hold
  Manual Dexterity (imp:3.62 lvl:3.12) — The ability to quickly move your hand, your hand together with your arm, or your
  Finger Dexterity (imp:3.62 lvl:3.62) — The ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the fingers of one or bot
  Control Precision (imp:3.50 lvl:3.75) — The ability to quickly and repeatedly adjust the controls of a machine or a vehi
  Problem Sensitivity (imp:3.25 lvl:3.12) — The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does no
  Deductive Reasoning (imp:3.25 lvl:3.25) — The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that 
  Selective Attention (imp:3.25 lvl:3.25) — The ability to concentrate on a task over a period of time without being distrac
  Near Vision (imp:3.25 lvl:3.50) — The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the observer).
  Oral Comprehension (imp:3.12 lvl:3.12) — The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through 
  Information Ordering (imp:3.12 lvl:3.00) — The ability to arrange things or actions in a certain order or pattern according
  Visualization (imp:3.12 lvl:3.88) — The ability to imagine how something will look after it is moved around or when 
  Multilimb Coordination (imp:3.12 lvl:3.12) — The ability to coordinate two or more limbs (for example, two arms, two legs, or
  Rate Control (imp:3.12 lvl:3.12) — The ability to time your movements or the movement of a piece of equipment in an
  Written Comprehension (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to read and understand information and ideas presented in writing.
  Oral Expression (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will unde
  Inductive Reasoning (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusion
  Category Flexibility (imp:3.00 lvl:3.12) — The ability to generate or use different sets of rules for combining or grouping
  Flexibility of Closure (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to identify or detect a known pattern (a figure, object, word, or so
  Perceptual Speed (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to quickly and accurately compare similarities and differences among
  Reaction Time (imp:3.00 lvl:3.12) — The ability to quickly respond (with the hand, finger, or foot) to a signal (sou
  Speech Recognition (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to identify and understand the speech of another person.
  Speech Clarity (imp:3.00 lvl:2.88) — The ability to speak clearly so others can understand you.
  Mathematical Reasoning (imp:2.88 lvl:2.88) — The ability to choose the right mathematical methods or formulas to solve a prob
  Far Vision (imp:2.88 lvl:2.88) — The ability to see details at a distance.
  Written Expression (imp:2.75 lvl:2.88) — The ability to communicate information and ideas in writing so others will under
  Number Facility (imp:2.75 lvl:2.88) — The ability to add, subtract, multiply, or divide quickly and correctly.
  Wrist-Finger Speed (imp:2.75 lvl:2.62) — The ability to make fast, simple, repeated movements of the fingers, hands, and 
  Trunk Strength (imp:2.75 lvl:3.00) — The ability to use your abdominal and lower back muscles to support part of the 
  Extent Flexibility (imp:2.75 lvl:3.00) — The ability to bend, stretch, twist, or reach with your body, arms, and/or legs.
  Auditory Attention (imp:2.75 lvl:3.12) — The ability to focus on a single source of sound in the presence of other distra
  Fluency of Ideas (imp:2.62 lvl:2.88) — The ability to come up with a number of ideas about a topic (the number of ideas
  Originality (imp:2.62 lvl:2.88) — The ability to come up with unusual or clever ideas about a given topic or situa
  Time Sharing (imp:2.62 lvl:2.62) — The ability to shift back and forth between two or more activities or sources of
  Response Orientation (imp:2.62 lvl:2.62) — The ability to choose quickly between two or more movements in response to two o
  Depth Perception (imp:2.62 lvl:2.62) — The ability to judge which of several objects is closer or farther away from you
  Hearing Sensitivity (imp:2.62 lvl:2.75) — The ability to detect or tell the differences between sounds that vary in pitch 
  Static Strength (imp:2.50 lvl:2.62) — The ability to exert maximum muscle force to lift, push, pull, or carry objects.
  Speed of Closure (imp:2.38 lvl:2.62) — The ability to quickly make sense of, combine, and organize information into mea
  Visual Color Discrimination (imp:2.38 lvl:2.50) — The ability to match or detect differences between colors, including shades of c
  Memorization (imp:2.25 lvl:2.12) — The ability to remember information such as words, numbers, pictures, and proced
  Dynamic Strength (imp:2.25 lvl:2.25) — The ability to exert muscle force repeatedly or continuously over time. This inv
  Stamina (imp:2.25 lvl:2.12) — The ability to exert yourself physically over long periods of time without getti
  Gross Body Coordination (imp:2.12 lvl:2.00) — The ability to coordinate the movement of your arms, legs, and torso together wh
  Spatial Orientation (imp:2.00 lvl:1.75) — The ability to know your location in relation to the environment or to know wher
  Speed of Limb Movement (imp:2.00 lvl:2.00) — The ability to quickly move the arms and legs.
  Gross Body Equilibrium (imp:2.00 lvl:1.88) — The ability to keep or regain your body balance or stay upright when in an unsta
  Explosive Strength (imp:1.88 lvl:1.25) — The ability to use short bursts of muscle force to propel oneself (as in jumping
  Sound Localization (imp:1.88 lvl:1.00) — The ability to tell the direction from which a sound originated.
  Peripheral Vision (imp:1.75 lvl:1.00) — The ability to see objects or movement of objects to one's side when the eyes ar
  Dynamic Flexibility (imp:1.62 lvl:0.62) — The ability to quickly and repeatedly bend, stretch, twist, or reach out with yo
  Glare Sensitivity (imp:1.62 lvl:0.75) — The ability to see objects in the presence of a glare or bright lighting.
  Night Vision (imp:1.50 lvl:0.50) — The ability to see under low-light conditions.

--- WORK ACTIVITIES ---
  Controlling Machines and Processes (imp:4.69 lvl:6.27) — Using either control mechanisms or direct physical activity to operate machines 
  Getting Information (imp:4.31 lvl:3.09) — Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from all relevant sour
  Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Materials (imp:4.25 lvl:4.11) — Inspecting equipment, structures, or materials to identify the cause of errors o
  Monitoring Processes, Materials, or Surroundings (imp:3.88 lvl:4.09) — Monitoring and reviewing information from materials, events, or the environment,
  Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events (imp:3.88 lvl:3.61) — Identifying information by categorizing, estimating, recognizing differences or 
  Repairing and Maintaining Mechanical Equipment (imp:3.75 lvl:4.36) — Servicing, repairing, adjusting, and testing machines, devices, moving parts, an
  Making Decisions and Solving Problems (imp:3.68 lvl:4.21) — Analyzing information and evaluating results to choose the best solution and sol
  Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates (imp:3.68 lvl:3.61) — Providing information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone,
  Handling and Moving Objects (imp:3.64 lvl:5.36) — Using hands and arms in handling, installing, positioning, and moving materials,
  Training and Teaching Others (imp:3.53 lvl:3.45) — Identifying the educational needs of others, developing formal educational or tr
  Processing Information (imp:3.52 lvl:4.14) — Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, or verifying
  Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work (imp:3.41 lvl:4.21) — Developing specific goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and accomplish your
  Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge (imp:3.39 lvl:4.32) — Keeping up-to-date technically and applying new knowledge to your job.
  Working with Computers (imp:3.36 lvl:3.32) — Using computers and computer systems (including hardware and software) to progra
  Drafting, Laying Out, and Specifying Technical Devices, Parts, and Equipment (imp:3.35 lvl:3.44) — Providing documentation, detailed instructions, drawings, or specifications to t
  Evaluating Information to Determine Compliance with Standards (imp:3.27 lvl:2.95) — Using relevant information and individual judgment to determine whether events o
  Judging the Qualities of Objects, Services, or People (imp:3.26 lvl:3.81) — Assessing the value, importance, or quality of things or people.
  Performing General Physical Activities (imp:3.23 lvl:4.04) — Performing general physical activities includes doing activities that require co
  Documenting/Recording Information (imp:3.12 lvl:3.23) — Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining information in writte
  Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships (imp:2.98 lvl:3.67) — Developing constructive and cooperative working relationships with others, and m
  Coordinating the Work and Activities of Others (imp:2.95 lvl:2.83) — Getting members of a group to work together to accomplish tasks.
  Analyzing Data or Information (imp:2.91 lvl:3.12) — Identifying the underlying principles, reasons, or facts of information by break
  Thinking Creatively (imp:2.91 lvl:4.03) — Developing, designing, or creating new applications, ideas, relationships, syste
  Estimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or Information (imp:2.87 lvl:3.15) — Estimating sizes, distances, and quantities; or determining time, costs, resourc
  Scheduling Work and Activities (imp:2.86 lvl:3.41) — Scheduling events, programs, and activities, as well as the work of others.
  Operating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or Equipment (imp:2.80 lvl:2.34) — Running, maneuvering, navigating, or driving vehicles or mechanized equipment, s
  Coaching and Developing Others (imp:2.77 lvl:3.22) — Identifying the developmental needs of others and coaching, mentoring, or otherw
  Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others (imp:2.68 lvl:1.92) — Translating or explaining what information means and how it can be used.
  Developing and Building Teams (imp:2.67 lvl:2.43) — Encouraging and building mutual trust, respect, and cooperation among team membe
  Resolving Conflicts and Negotiating with Others (imp:2.66 lvl:2.86) — Handling complaints, settling disputes, and resolving grievances and conflicts, 
  Monitoring and Controlling Resources (imp:2.62 lvl:2.39) — Monitoring and controlling resources and overseeing the spending of money.
  Providing Consultation and Advice to Others (imp:2.58 lvl:2.56) — Providing guidance and expert advice to management or other groups on technical,
  Developing Objectives and Strategies (imp:2.51 lvl:2.54) — Establishing long-range objectives and specifying the strategies and actions to 
  Guiding, Directing, and Motivating Subordinates (imp:2.43 lvl:2.08) — Providing guidance and direction to subordinates, including setting performance 
  Repairing and Maintaining Electronic Equipment (imp:2.29 lvl:2.09) — Servicing, repairing, calibrating, regulating, fine-tuning, or testing machines,
  Assisting and Caring for Others (imp:2.04 lvl:1.86) — Providing personal assistance, medical attention, emotional support, or other pe
  Selling or Influencing Others (imp:2.03 lvl:1.48) — Convincing others to buy merchandise/goods or to otherwise change their minds or
  Communicating with People Outside the Organization (imp:1.95 lvl:1.09) — Communicating with people outside the organization, representing the organizatio
  Performing Administrative Activities (imp:1.91 lvl:1.71) — Performing day-to-day administrative tasks such as maintaining information files
  Staffing Organizational Units (imp:1.78 lvl:0.98) — Recruiting, interviewing, selecting, hiring, and promoting employees in an organ
  Performing for or Working Directly with the Public (imp:1.40) — Performing for people or dealing directly with the public. This includes serving

--- WORK STYLES ---
  Dependability (imp:3.00) — A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related o
  Attention to Detail (imp:2.88) — A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
  Dependability (imp:2.65) — A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related o
  Cautiousness (imp:2.17) — A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related
  Attention to Detail (imp:2.00) — A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
  Achievement Orientation (imp:1.71) — A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, 
  Perseverance (imp:1.58) — A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in 
  Integrity (imp:1.34) — A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
  Innovation (imp:1.10) — A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on 
  Stress Tolerance (imp:1.07) — A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
  Cautiousness (imp:1.00) — A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related
  Self-Confidence (imp:0.99) — A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control 
  Intellectual Curiosity (imp:0.89) — A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep 
  Self-Control (imp:0.82) — A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in res
  Adaptability (imp:0.78) — A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas 
  Initiative (imp:0.67) — A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may
  Cooperation (imp:0.66) — A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
  Sincerity (imp:0.32) — A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, withou
  Optimism (imp:0.24) — A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even un
  Innovation () — A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on 
  Achievement Orientation () — A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, 
  Intellectual Curiosity () — A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep 
  Tolerance for Ambiguity () — A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
  Initiative () — A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may
  Adaptability () — A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas 
  Self-Confidence () — A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control 
  Perseverance () — A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in 
  Leadership Orientation () — A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
  Humility () — A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
  Sincerity () — A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, withou
  Empathy () — A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feel
  Cooperation () — A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
  Optimism () — A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even un
  Social Orientation () — A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
  Integrity () — A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
  Stress Tolerance () — A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
  Self-Control () — A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in res
  Social Orientation (imp:-0.05) — A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
  Humility (imp:-0.10) — A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
  Empathy (imp:-0.10) — A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feel
  Leadership Orientation (imp:-0.38) — A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
  Tolerance for Ambiguity (imp:-0.44) — A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.

--- TRANSFERABLE SKILLS ---
  Operation and Control (imp:3.25 lvl:3.38) — Controlling operations of equipment or systems.
  Operations Monitoring (imp:3.12 lvl:3.25) — Watching gauges, dials, or other indicators to make sure a machine is working pr
  Coordination (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions.
  Complex Problem Solving (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — Identifying complex problems and reviewing related information to develop and ev
  Troubleshooting (imp:3.00 lvl:2.88) — Determining causes of operating errors and deciding what to do about it.
  Quality Control Analysis (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — Conducting tests and inspections of products, services, or processes to evaluate
  Social Perceptiveness (imp:2.88 lvl:2.75) — Being aware of others' reactions and understanding why they react as they do.
  Equipment Maintenance (imp:2.88 lvl:2.88) — Performing routine maintenance on equipment and determining when and what kind o
  Repairing (imp:2.88 lvl:2.75) — Repairing machines or systems using the needed tools.
  Time Management (imp:2.88 lvl:2.62) — Managing one's own time and the time of others.
  Judgment and Decision Making (imp:2.75 lvl:2.75) — Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential actions to choose the m
  Equipment Selection (imp:2.62 lvl:2.62) — Determining the kind of tools and equipment needed to do a job.
  Instructing (imp:2.50 lvl:2.75) — Teaching others how to do something.
  Installation (imp:2.50 lvl:2.38) — Installing equipment, machines, wiring, or programs to meet specifications.
  Systems Analysis (imp:2.50 lvl:2.12) — Determining how a system should work and how changes in conditions, operations, 
  Systems Evaluation (imp:2.50 lvl:2.25) — Identifying measures or indicators of system performance and the actions needed 
  Negotiation (imp:2.38 lvl:2.12) — Bringing others together and trying to reconcile differences.
  Persuasion (imp:2.25 lvl:2.12) — Persuading others to change their minds or behavior.
  Service Orientation (imp:2.25 lvl:2.12) — Actively looking for ways to help people.
  Operations Analysis (imp:2.00 lvl:1.88) — Analyzing needs and product requirements to create a design.
  Management of Personnel Resources (imp:2.00 lvl:2.00) — Motivating, developing, and directing people as they work, identifying the best 
  Technology Design (imp:1.88 lvl:1.88) — Generating or adapting equipment and technology to serve user needs.
  Programming (imp:1.75 lvl:1.12) — Writing computer programs for various purposes.
  Management of Material Resources (imp:1.75 lvl:1.00) — Obtaining and seeing to the appropriate use of equipment, facilities, and materi
  Management of Financial Resources (imp:1.62 lvl:0.75) — Determining how money will be spent to get the work done, and accounting for the

--- NATIONAL WAGES ---
  total_employment : 287,050
  annual_median    : $58,750
  annual_pct10     : $39,200
  annual_pct25     : $47,570
  annual_pct75     : $67,700
  annual_pct90     : $80,010
  annual_mean      : $59,320
  hourly_median    : $28.24

--- GEOGRAPHIC DISPERSION ---
  highest_state    : Hawaii ($84,410)
  lowest_state     : Puerto Rico ($29,280)
  dispersion_ratio : 2.883x

--- TOP STATES BY WAGE (52 total) ---
  Manufacturing                            emp:  241,490  median: $  58,540
  Wholesale Trade                          emp:   10,830  median: $  54,220
  Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services emp:    8,370  median: $  40,120
  Other Services (except Public Administration) emp:    7,470  median: $  59,750
  Transportation and Warehousing           emp:    4,610  median: $  87,640
  Federal, State, and Local Government, excluding State and Local Government Schools and Hospitals and the U.S. Postal Service (OEWS Designation) emp:    4,390  median: $  80,270
  Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services emp:    4,100  median: $  68,480
  Construction                             emp:    2,480  median: $  63,360
  Retail Trade                             emp:      810  median: $  49,600
  Educational Services                     emp:      560  median: $  70,190

--- TOP INDUSTRIES BY EMPLOYMENT (17 total) ---
  Manufacturing                            emp:  241,490  median: $  58,540
  Wholesale Trade                          emp:   10,830  median: $  54,220
  Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services emp:    8,370  median: $  40,120
  Other Services (except Public Administration) emp:    7,470  median: $  59,750
  Transportation and Warehousing           emp:    4,610  median: $  87,640
  Federal, State, and Local Government, excluding State and Local Government Schools and Hospitals and the U.S. Postal Service (OEWS Designation) emp:    4,390  median: $  80,270
  Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services emp:    4,100  median: $  68,480
  Construction                             emp:    2,480  median: $  63,360
  Retail Trade                             emp:      810  median: $  49,600
  Educational Services                     emp:      560  median: $  70,190

exact_match_status : found
matched_title      : Machinist
match_score        : 0.9474
wikidata_qid       : Q196721
word_count         : 1,605
wikipedia_url      : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machinist
license            : CC BY-SA 4.0
fetched_at         : 2026-06-02T23:09:02.885772Z

--- WIKIPEDIA FULL TEXT ---
A machinist is a tradesperson or trained professional who operates machine tools, and has the ability to set up tools such as milling machines, grinders, lathes, and drilling machines.
A competent machinist will generally have a strong mechanical aptitude, the ability to correctly use precision measuring instruments and to interpret blueprints, and a working knowledge of the proper parameters required for successfully utilizing the various tools commonly used in machining operations. CNC (computer numerical control) comprises one of the most recent advances in manufacturing, in which a machinist uses specialized software to generate programmatic instructions (most commonly G-code) which are in turn interpreted by the machine to make components for a wide variety of industries. CNC programming is a skilled position which requires knowledge of math, speeds and feeds, machine tooling, work holding, and the different ways various materials react to stress and heat in the machining process.


== Nature of work ==
The machine trade is an extremely broad field with a wide variety of workplaces, job duties, and types of work. Most machinists work in machine shops and factories where they operate machinery that produce precision component parts. In general, the occupation is exacting, and requires extensive knowledge of the tools and processes in order to achieve the tight tolerances and surface finishes that these parts specify.
Many machinists make mass-produced parts using highly automated computer numerical control machines which are common today, but still require such professionals to set up and calibrate the machines. Other more specialised machinists produce custom-made parts for prototyping, repair, or research. A machinist may work on manufacturing something relatively simple like a bracket, or a shaft, or something extraordinarily complex, such as aerospace components accurate to 5 micrometres.


== Related occupational titles ==
Some titles reflect further development of machinist skills such as tool and die maker, patternmaker, mold maker, programmer, and operator. A machinist is one who is called on to fix a problem with a part or to create a new one using metals, plastics, or rarely, wood. Depending on the company, a machinist can be any or all of the titles listed above.
Other related fields include millwrights, quality assurance, and mechanical engineers.
In Australia and New Zealand, a related profession is a fitter and turner. A fitter and turner is the tradesperson who fits, assembles, grinds and shapes metal parts and subassemblies to fabricate production machines and other equipment.
Under the machinist title are other specialty titles that refer to specific skills that may be more highly developed to meet the needs of a particular job position, such as fitter (assembles parts), turning hand, mill hand, and grinder.


== Role in manufacturing ==

A machinist is usually called upon when a part needs to be produced from a stock material by cutting. Such a part may be unique or may be needed in the thousands. The part could be anything made from metal or plastic, though machined parts are usually ones that require high precision and cannot be produced by other means. Machinists generally start with a saw cut length of stock or a casting. Producing a part will often require several steps and more than one machine tool. Each machine tool plays a specific role in cutting away excess material. When large numbers of parts are needed, production planning is required to plan the most logical workflow through a series of machines. Computer numerical controlled (CNC) machines are computer-driven tools that can machine a large variety of shapes, and whose use in the workflow depends on the part to be machined.
CNC machines are becoming the standard due to their speed, precision, flexibility, repeatability, and reduced downtime while changing jobs. Production runs consisting of large numbers of parts are more cost effective and commonly referred to as production work in the trade. Conversely, small production runs are sometimes referred to as prototype or jobbing work.
Production engineers use blueprints and engineering drawings to produce detailed specifications of the part, especially its geometry (shape), then decide on a strategy to make it. Machine tools are then configured by the machinist and production commences. The machinist works with the quality department to ensure the specifications are maintained in the finished product.

Large commercial organizations often staff machinists on site in a maintenance mode to ensure continuing operations of the production machinery. Such machinists can often make replacement parts the same day. Because of this, the labor cost for this role are significantly lower than costs involved with production shutdowns.


== Additive machining ==
Additive machining means 3D printing to create industrial components, prototypes, tooling, and end-use production parts. Additive machining comes into its own in the manufacturing of very small intricate parts, which could not be produced through any other manufacturing process. There are several processes in additive manufacturing which include direct metal deposition: electron beam melting, fused filament fabrication, select laser sintering, and variations of them.


== Materials commonly encountered by machinists ==
The most common materials that machinists make parts from are steel, aluminium, brass, copper, and various alloys of these materials. Other less common materials such as vanadium, zinc, lead, or manganese are often used as alloying elements for the most common materials. Materials that machinists work with occasionally are plastics, rubber, glass, and wood products. Rarely, machinists also work with exotic and refractory metals. The term exotic metals is a general term describing out of the ordinary, rare or special purpose metals. A synonym might be space-age. A list of exotic metals might include, but is not limited to, titanium, beryllium, vanadium, chromium, molybdenum and tungsten, as well as special high-temperature metal alloys like Inconel or Hastelloy (superalloys). Very often the meaning of the term suggests the need for specialized handling and/or tooling to machine them effectively.
While the foregoing were primarily the materials that a machinist would be cutting, the cutters that the machinist uses must be harder and tougher than the materials to be cut. The materials in the cutters a machinist uses are most commonly high-speed steel, tungsten carbide, ceramics, Borazon, and diamond.
Machinists usually work to very small tolerances, usually within 0.010" or 0.25 mm (more commonly expressed as ±0.005" (Plus or minus five thousandths of an inch) or ±0.13 mm), and sometimes at tolerances as low as +/-0.0001" (plus or minus one tenth of a thousandth of an inch – or 0.0025 mm) for specialty operations. A machinist deals with all facets of shaping, cutting and some aspects of forming metal, although forming is typically a separate trade. The operations most commonly performed by machinists are milling, drilling, turning, and grinding. There are other more specialized operations that a machinist will less frequently be called upon to perform such as honing, keyseating, lapping, and polishing, to name a few.


== Tools of the machinist ==

The tools that a machinist is expected to be proficient with fall into broad categories:

Measuring tools: The measuring tools come in several basic varieties:
Comparison tools such as adjustable parallels and plain calipers,
Direct reading tools such as rules, scales, and vernier calipers,
Micrometer tools based on screw threads,
Indicator tools based on clockwork gear movements,
Electronic measuring tools based on transducers. Many of these are digital versions of their mechanical predecessors, as with a digital caliper.
coordinate measuring machines, which plot cartesian points around the surfaces of a part to ge

--- SEMANTIC NEIGHBORS (5) ---

  Title: Machinist (disambiguation) (similarity: 0.5556)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machinist_(disambiguation)
  QID: Q4443133
  Extract: A machinist is a tradesperson or trained professional.

  Title: Boeing machinists strike (similarity: 0.5882)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_machinists_strike
  QID: Q130296571
  Extract: Boeing machinists strike may refer to:2008 Boeing machinists strike
2024 Boeing machinists strike

  Title: Ford sewing machinists strike of 1968 (similarity: 0.4255)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ford_sewing_machinists_strike_of_1968
  QID: Q5468031
  Extract: 

The Ford sewing machinists strike of 1968 was a landmark labour-relations dispute in the United Kingdom. It was a trigger cause of the passing of the Equal Pay Act 1970.

  Title: CNC router (similarity: 0.3000)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNC_router
  QID: Q16251414
  Extract: A computer numerical control (CNC) router is a computer-controlled cutting machine which typically mounts a hand-held router as a spindle which is used for cutting various materials, such as wood, composites, metals, plastics, glass, and foams. CNC routers can perform the tasks of many carpentry sho

  Title: History of numerical control (similarity: 0.2105)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_numerical_control
  QID: Q17165823
  Extract: The history of numerical control (NC) began when the automation of machine tools first incorporated concepts of abstractly programmable logic, and it continues today with the ongoing evolution of computer numerical control (CNC) technology.

model_pass1          : claude-sonnet-4-20250514
model_pass2          : claude-haiku-4-5-20251001
inference_confidence : high
confidence_notes     : Strong data coverage across all dimensions with detailed task descriptions, comprehensive skill profiles, and robust wage data from BLS OEWS May 2025. Wikipedia match provides additional validation of role definition.
inferred_at          : 2026-06-04T01:25:59.322083+00:00
tokens_input         : 5,029
tokens_output        : 4,377
cost_usd             : $0.047724
wikipedia_used       : True
wikipedia_title      : Machinist
wikipedia_note       : Wikipedia confirms machinists as tradespersons who operate machine tools including milling machines, grinders, lathes, and drilling machines. This aligns with the O*NET description of setting up and operating machine tools for precision manufacturing.

--- PROSE FIELDS ---

ROLE SUMMARY:
Machinists set up and operate machine tools to produce precision metal parts and instruments, working with lathes, mills, grinders, and CNC equipment to create components that meet exact specifications. They read blueprints, select appropriate tooling, and use measuring instruments to ensure parts conform to dimensional requirements. These skilled tradespersons combine technical knowledge of manufacturing processes with manual dexterity to fabricate everything from simple hardware to complex aerospace components.

DAY IN THE LIFE:
A typical day begins with reviewing blueprints and work orders to understand part specifications and machining requirements. The machinist sets up machine tools by installing appropriate cutting tools, fixtures, and workholding devices, then adjusts feed rates, cutting speeds, and tool paths. Throughout production runs, they continuously monitor machining processes, checking coolant flow and making adjustments to maintain quality. Between operations, they use precision measuring instruments like micrometers and calipers to verify dimensional accuracy. When problems arise, they troubleshoot machine malfunctions, replace worn tooling, or modify setups to correct defects.

WHO THRIVES:
Successful machinists possess exceptional attention to detail and manual dexterity, as the work requires precise hand-eye coordination and the ability to work within tolerances measured in thousandths of an inch. They exhibit strong problem-solving abilities and mechanical aptitude, comfortable working with complex machinery and understanding how cutting forces, tool geometry, and material properties interact. The realistic work environment appeals to individuals who prefer hands-on technical work over abstract concepts. Dependability and cautiousness are essential traits, as mistakes can result in expensive scrap parts or damaged equipment.

CAREER ENTRY:
Most machinists enter through post-secondary certificate programs at technical schools or community colleges, which account for 33.1% of the workforce, while 35.9% have high school diplomas and learn through apprenticeships or on-the-job training. Apprenticeship programs typically last 2-4 years and combine classroom instruction in blueprint reading, mathematics, and metallurgy with hands-on machine operation experience. Some machinists begin as machine operators and advance through experience and additional training in setup procedures and precision measurement techniques.

CAREER TRAJECTORY:
Experienced machinists can advance to CNC programmer roles, creating computer programs that control automated machining operations. Others progress to tool and die maker positions, designing and building the specialized tooling used in manufacturing processes. Senior machinists may become setup specialists or shop supervisors, responsible for training newer workers and optimizing production processes. Some leverage their manufacturing knowledge to transition into quality control, manufacturing engineering, or technical sales roles within the industry.

MARKET INTELLIGENCE:
According to BLS OEWS May 2025, machinists earn a median annual wage of $58,750, with the bottom 10% earning $39,200 and top 10% reaching $80,010. The 287,050 employed machinists work primarily in manufacturing (241,490), with significant concentrations in wholesale trade and support services. Geographic wage variation is substantial, with Hawaii offering the highest wages at $84,410 versus Puerto Rico at $29,280, reflecting regional manufacturing density and cost of living differences. The profession faces workforce challenges as experienced machinists retire, creating opportunities for new entrants with appropriate technical training.

AUTOMATION OUTLOOK:
While CNC technology has automated many routine machining operations, skilled machinists remain essential for complex setups, custom tooling design, and problem-solving when automated systems encounter difficulties. The highest-level work activities of controlling machines and processes, along with inspection and quality verification, require human judgment and adaptability that current automation cannot replicate.

--- REASONED EDGES ---
  [career_pathway] Tool and Die Makers (51-4111.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both roles require precision machining skills and use similar machine tools, with tool and die makers representing an advanced specialization requiring additional design knowledge.
    data: shared mechanical knowledge (imp:3.3)
    data: similar arm-hand steadiness requirements (imp:3.6)
    data: both use precision measurement and machine operation skills
  [skill_overlap] Computer Numerically Controlled Tool Operators (51-9161.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: CNC operators use similar machine control skills but focus more on operating pre-programmed equipment rather than setup and programming.
    data: controlling machines and processes (imp:4.7)
    data: operations monitoring overlap
    data: shared manufacturing environment
  [task_similarity] Milling and Planing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic (51-4035.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both roles involve setting up and operating metal-cutting machines with similar precision requirements and measurement tasks.
    data: shared machine setup activities
    data: precision measurement requirements
    data: similar manual dexterity needs (imp:3.6)
  [career_pathway] Computer Numerically Controlled Tool Programmers (51-9162.00) — confidence:medium
    reasoning: Experienced machinists often advance to CNC programming roles, leveraging their machine operation knowledge to create automated programs.
    data: shared manufacturing knowledge
    data: programming represents advancement from operation
    data: both require understanding of cutting processes
  [transferable_skill] Millwrights (49-9044.00) — confidence:medium
    reasoning: Both roles require mechanical knowledge and troubleshooting abilities, though millwrights focus on installation and maintenance rather than production.
    data: mechanical knowledge overlap (imp:3.3)
    data: equipment troubleshooting skills
    data: similar problem-solving requirements

--- NORMALIZER SIGNALS ---
  match_keywords   : ['machinist', 'CNC machinist', 'CNC operator', 'machine tool operator', 'precision machining', 'lathe operator', 'mill operator', 'manufacturing machinist']
  exclude_keywords : ['software developer', 'programmer', 'engineer', 'manager', 'technician']
  title_patterns   : ['*machinist*', 'CNC*', '*operator', '*setter', 'machine*tool*']
  common_variations: ['CNC Machinist', 'Computer Numerically Controlled Machinist', 'Conventional Machinist', 'Aircraft Machinist', 'Auto Machinist', 'Lathe Machinist', 'Mill Machinist', 'Swiss Machinist']

total_terms    : 40
top_words      : ['tools', 'equipment', 'others', 'tendency', 'machine', 'machines', 'materials', 'production', 'machinists', 'machinist', 'control', 'operations', 'cutting', 'principles', 'operate', 'products', 'manufacturing', 'hand', 'precision', 'machining']
source_layers  : onet_tasks | onet_dimensions | dwas | wikipedia | inference

TERM                    COUNT     FREQ  DOMINANT SOURCE      SOURCE BREAKDOWN
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
tools                      54  0.01458  wikipedia            wikipedia:59%  onet_tasks:15%  onet_dimensions:9%
equipment                  51  0.01377  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:45%  dwas:39%  onet_tasks:10%
others                     42  0.01134  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:90%  dwas:5%  wikipedia:2%
tendency                   42  0.01134  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
machine                    36  0.00972  wikipedia            wikipedia:50%  onet_tasks:22%  inference:19%
machines                   33  0.00891  wikipedia            wikipedia:52%  onet_dimensions:21%  onet_tasks:18%
materials                  31  0.00837  wikipedia            wikipedia:39%  onet_dimensions:32%  dwas:19%
production                 31  0.00837  dwas                 dwas:35%  wikipedia:32%  onet_dimensions:26%
machinists                 29  0.00783  wikipedia            wikipedia:62%  inference:38%
machinist                  21  0.00567  wikipedia            wikipedia:95%  inference:5%
control                    20  0.00540  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:60%  wikipedia:25%  inference:10%
operations                 16  0.00432  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:38%  wikipedia:31%  inference:19%
cutting                    16  0.00432  wikipedia            wikipedia:50%  dwas:19%  inference:19%
principles                 16  0.00432  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
operate                    15  0.00405  dwas                 dwas:40%  onet_tasks:20%  onet_dimensions:20%
products                   15  0.00405  dwas                 dwas:40%  onet_dimensions:33%  onet_tasks:20%
manufacturing              14  0.00378  inference            inference:50%  wikipedia:43%  onet_tasks:7%
hand                       14  0.00378  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:50%  wikipedia:36%  onet_tasks:7%
precision                  13  0.00351  wikipedia            wikipedia:38%  inference:31%  onet_tasks:15%
machining                  13  0.00351  wikipedia            wikipedia:46%  inference:31%  onet_tasks:23%
specifications             12  0.00324  onet_tasks           onet_tasks:25%  wikipedia:25%  onet_dimensions:17%
procedures                 12  0.00324  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:67%  onet_tasks:17%  dwas:8%
tool                       12  0.00324  wikipedia            wikipedia:67%  inference:25%  onet_tasks:8%
includes                   12  0.00324  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
computer                   12  0.00324  wikipedia            wikipedia:67%  onet_dimensions:25%  inference:8%
objects                    12  0.00324  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
needed                     11  0.00297  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:64%  onet_tasks:18%  wikipedia:18%
needs                      11  0.00297  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:73%  wikipedia:18%  onet_tasks:9%
metal                      11  0.00297  wikipedia            wikipedia:45%  dwas:27%  onet_tasks:18%
quality                    11  0.00297  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:55%  inference:27%  wikipedia:18%
techniques                 11  0.00297  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:91%  inference:9%
ideas                      11  0.00297  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
design                     10  0.00270  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:60%  onet_tasks:20%  dwas:10%
problems                   10  0.00270  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:90%  inference:10%
problem                    10  0.00270  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:70%  inference:20%  wikipedia:10%
mechanical                 10  0.00270  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:50%  wikipedia:30%  dwas:10%
ways                       10  0.00270  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:70%  dwas:20%  wikipedia:10%
activities                 10  0.00270  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:90%  inference:10%
body                       10  0.00270  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
cnc                        10  0.00270  wikipedia            wikipedia:70%  inference:30%