[Core] [56% incumbents] Fit, install, and secure material on frames, using hand tools, power tools, glue, cement, or staples.
  DWAs: Mount materials or workpieces onto production equipment. | Align parts or workpieces to ensure proper assembly.

[Core] [56% incumbents] Build furniture up with loose fiber stuffing, cotton, felt, or foam padding to form smooth, rounded surfaces.
  DWAs: Assemble garments or textile products.

[Supplemental] [56% incumbents] Pick up and deliver furniture.
  DWAs: Move furniture.

[Core] [55% incumbents] Measure and cut new covering materials, using patterns and measuring and cutting instruments, following sketches and design specifications.
  DWAs: Measure materials to mark reference points, cutting lines, or other indicators. | Cut fabrics.

[Core] [55% incumbents] Read work orders, and apply knowledge and experience with materials to determine types and amounts of materials required to cover workpieces.
  DWAs: Read work orders or other instructions to determine product specifications or materials requirements.

[Core] [55% incumbents] Adjust or replace webbing, padding, or springs, and secure them in place.
  DWAs: Repair furniture or upholstery.

[Core] [55% incumbents] Sew rips or tears in material, or create tufting, using needles and thread.
  DWAs: Sew clothing or other articles. | Repair textiles or apparel.

[Core] [55% incumbents] Remove covering, webbing, padding, or defective springs from workpieces, using hand tools such as hammers and tack pullers.
  DWAs: Repair furniture or upholstery.

[Core] [55% incumbents] Repair furniture frames and refinish exposed wood.
  DWAs: Shape surfaces or edges of wood workpieces. | Repair furniture or upholstery.

[Supplemental] [55% incumbents] Stretch webbing and fabric, using webbing stretchers.
  DWAs: Adjust fabrics or other materials during garment production.

[Supplemental] [55% incumbents] Operate sewing machines or sew upholstery by hand to seam cushions and join various sections of covering material.
  DWAs: Sew clothing or other articles. | Operate sewing equipment.

[Supplemental] [55% incumbents] Design upholstery cover patterns and cutting plans, based on sketches, customer descriptions, or blueprints.
  DWAs: Design templates or patterns.

[Supplemental] [55% incumbents] Discuss upholstery fabrics, colors, and styles with customers, and provide cost estimates.
  DWAs: Estimate costs of products, services, or materials. | Confer with customers or designers to determine order specifications.

[Supplemental] [55% incumbents] Attach bindings or apply solutions to edges of cut material to prevent raveling.
  DWAs: Prepare fabrics or materials for processing or production.

[Supplemental] [55% incumbents] Collaborate with interior designers to decorate rooms and coordinate furnishing fabrics.
  DWAs: Exchange information with colleagues.

[Core] [54% incumbents] Make, restore, or create custom upholstered furniture, using hand tools and knowledge of fabrics and upholstery methods.
  DWAs: Repair furniture or upholstery.

[Core] [54% incumbents] Examine furniture frames, upholstery, springs, and webbing to locate defects.
  DWAs: Examine condition of property or products.

[Core] [54% incumbents] Attach fasteners, grommets, buttons, buckles, ornamental trim, and other accessories to covers or frames, using hand tools.
  DWAs: Attach decorative or functional accessories to products.

[Supplemental] [54% incumbents] Draw cutting lines on material following patterns, templates, sketches, or blueprints, using chalk, pencils, paint, or other methods.
  DWAs: Draw guide lines or markings on materials or workpieces using patterns or other references.

[Supplemental] [54% incumbents] Maintain records of time required to perform each job.
  DWAs: Record operational or production data.

[Supplemental] [53% incumbents] Make, repair, or replace automobile upholstery and convertible and vinyl tops, using knowledge of fabric and upholstery methods.
  DWAs: Repair furniture or upholstery.

[Core] [52% incumbents] Interweave and fasten strips of webbing to the backs and undersides of furniture, using small hand tools and fasteners.
  DWAs: Repair furniture or upholstery.

--- SKILLS ---
  Critical Thinking (imp:3.50 lvl:3.12) — Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternativ
  Reading Comprehension (imp:3.12 lvl:3.00) — Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work-related documents.
  Active Listening (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand
  Speaking (imp:3.00 lvl:2.88) — Talking to others to convey information effectively.
  Active Learning (imp:3.00 lvl:2.88) — Understanding the implications of new information for both current and future pr
  Monitoring (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or organization
  Learning Strategies (imp:2.75 lvl:2.75) — Selecting and using training/instructional methods and procedures appropriate fo
  Writing (imp:2.62 lvl:2.38) — Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the audienc
  Mathematics (imp:2.50 lvl:2.50) — Using mathematics to solve problems.
  Science (imp:1.25 lvl:0.50) — Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems.

--- KNOWLEDGE ---
  Production and Processing (imp:3.07 lvl:3.24) — Knowledge of raw materials, production processes, quality control, costs, and ot
  Design (imp:3.02 lvl:2.85) — Knowledge of design techniques, tools, and principles involved in production of 
  Customer and Personal Service (imp:2.86 lvl:2.78) — Knowledge of principles and processes for providing customer and personal servic
  Mechanical (imp:2.78 lvl:2.65) — Knowledge of machines and tools, including their designs, uses, repair, and main
  Education and Training (imp:2.73 lvl:2.25) — Knowledge of principles and methods for curriculum and training design, teaching
  Mathematics (imp:2.64 lvl:2.51) — Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their appl
  Building and Construction (imp:2.40 lvl:2.10) — Knowledge of materials, methods, and the tools involved in the construction or r
  Personnel and Human Resources (imp:2.20 lvl:2.15) — Knowledge of principles and procedures for personnel recruitment, selection, tra
  Administration and Management (imp:2.17 lvl:1.89) — Knowledge of business and management principles involved in strategic planning, 
  English Language (imp:2.03 lvl:1.85) — Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the mea
  Public Safety and Security (imp:1.88 lvl:1.37) — Knowledge of relevant equipment, policies, procedures, and strategies to promote
  Sales and Marketing (imp:1.87 lvl:1.05) — Knowledge of principles and methods for showing, promoting, and selling products
  Engineering and Technology (imp:1.75 lvl:1.58) — Knowledge of the practical application of engineering science and technology. Th
  Administrative (imp:1.67 lvl:0.86) — Knowledge of administrative and office procedures and systems such as word proce
  Transportation (imp:1.67) — Knowledge of principles and methods for moving people or goods by air, rail, sea
  Telecommunications (imp:1.61 lvl:0.63) — Knowledge of transmission, broadcasting, switching, control, and operation of te
  Communications and Media (imp:1.60 lvl:1.34) — Knowledge of media production, communication, and dissemination techniques and m
  Computers and Electronics (imp:1.57 lvl:1.19) — Knowledge of circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and comput
  Chemistry (imp:1.53 lvl:1.19) — Knowledge of the chemical composition, structure, and properties of substances a
  Foreign Language (imp:1.51) — Knowledge of the structure and content of a foreign (non-English) language inclu
  Law and Government (imp:1.49) — Knowledge of laws, legal codes, court procedures, precedents, government regulat
  Physics (imp:1.46) — Knowledge and prediction of physical principles, laws, their interrelationships,
  Biology (imp:1.31) — Knowledge of plant and animal organisms, their tissues, cells, functions, interd
  Therapy and Counseling (imp:1.30) — Knowledge of principles, methods, and procedures for diagnosis, treatment, and r
  Economics and Accounting (imp:1.29) — Knowledge of economic and accounting principles and practices, the financial mar
  Psychology (imp:1.29) — Knowledge of human behavior and performance; individual differences in ability, 
  Philosophy and Theology (imp:1.27) — Knowledge of different philosophical systems and religions. This includes their 
  Geography (imp:1.15) — Knowledge of principles and methods for describing the features of land, sea, an
  Medicine and Dentistry (imp:1.12) — Knowledge of the information and techniques needed to diagnose and treat human i
  History and Archeology (imp:1.12) — Knowledge of historical events and their causes, indicators, and effects on civi
  Food Production (imp:1.07) — Knowledge of techniques and equipment for planting, growing, and harvesting food
  Sociology and Anthropology (imp:1.06) — Knowledge of group behavior and dynamics, societal trends and influences, human 
  Fine Arts (imp:1.06) — Knowledge of the theory and techniques required to compose, produce, and perform

--- ABILITIES ---
  Arm-Hand Steadiness (imp:4.00 lvl:4.12) — The ability to keep your hand and arm steady while moving your arm or while hold
  Manual Dexterity (imp:4.00 lvl:3.88) — The ability to quickly move your hand, your hand together with your arm, or your
  Finger Dexterity (imp:4.00 lvl:4.00) — The ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the fingers of one or bot
  Near Vision (imp:3.88 lvl:4.00) — The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the observer).
  Control Precision (imp:3.75 lvl:3.62) — The ability to quickly and repeatedly adjust the controls of a machine or a vehi
  Multilimb Coordination (imp:3.75 lvl:3.75) — The ability to coordinate two or more limbs (for example, two arms, two legs, or
  Visual Color Discrimination (imp:3.75 lvl:3.88) — The ability to match or detect differences between colors, including shades of c
  Visualization (imp:3.62 lvl:3.88) — The ability to imagine how something will look after it is moved around or when 
  Written Comprehension (imp:3.25 lvl:3.00) — The ability to read and understand information and ideas presented in writing.
  Problem Sensitivity (imp:3.25 lvl:3.00) — The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does no
  Information Ordering (imp:3.12 lvl:3.12) — The ability to arrange things or actions in a certain order or pattern according
  Trunk Strength (imp:3.12 lvl:3.12) — The ability to use your abdominal and lower back muscles to support part of the 
  Extent Flexibility (imp:3.12 lvl:3.00) — The ability to bend, stretch, twist, or reach with your body, arms, and/or legs.
  Oral Comprehension (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through 
  Oral Expression (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will unde
  Originality (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to come up with unusual or clever ideas about a given topic or situa
  Deductive Reasoning (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that 
  Category Flexibility (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to generate or use different sets of rules for combining or grouping
  Flexibility of Closure (imp:3.00 lvl:2.88) — The ability to identify or detect a known pattern (a figure, object, word, or so
  Selective Attention (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to concentrate on a task over a period of time without being distrac
  Static Strength (imp:3.00 lvl:3.50) — The ability to exert maximum muscle force to lift, push, pull, or carry objects.
  Depth Perception (imp:3.00 lvl:2.88) — The ability to judge which of several objects is closer or farther away from you
  Speech Clarity (imp:3.00 lvl:2.88) — The ability to speak clearly so others can understand you.
  Fluency of Ideas (imp:2.88 lvl:2.88) — The ability to come up with a number of ideas about a topic (the number of ideas
  Inductive Reasoning (imp:2.88 lvl:2.88) — The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusion
  Perceptual Speed (imp:2.88 lvl:2.75) — The ability to quickly and accurately compare similarities and differences among
  Dynamic Strength (imp:2.88 lvl:2.62) — The ability to exert muscle force repeatedly or continuously over time. This inv
  Far Vision (imp:2.88 lvl:2.88) — The ability to see details at a distance.
  Speech Recognition (imp:2.88 lvl:2.88) — The ability to identify and understand the speech of another person.
  Gross Body Coordination (imp:2.75 lvl:2.62) — The ability to coordinate the movement of your arms, legs, and torso together wh
  Written Expression (imp:2.62 lvl:2.12) — The ability to communicate information and ideas in writing so others will under
  Number Facility (imp:2.62 lvl:2.25) — The ability to add, subtract, multiply, or divide quickly and correctly.
  Reaction Time (imp:2.62 lvl:2.62) — The ability to quickly respond (with the hand, finger, or foot) to a signal (sou
  Auditory Attention (imp:2.62 lvl:2.12) — The ability to focus on a single source of sound in the presence of other distra
  Mathematical Reasoning (imp:2.50 lvl:2.25) — The ability to choose the right mathematical methods or formulas to solve a prob
  Speed of Closure (imp:2.50 lvl:2.00) — The ability to quickly make sense of, combine, and organize information into mea
  Response Orientation (imp:2.50 lvl:2.38) — The ability to choose quickly between two or more movements in response to two o
  Rate Control (imp:2.50 lvl:2.62) — The ability to time your movements or the movement of a piece of equipment in an
  Stamina (imp:2.50 lvl:1.88) — The ability to exert yourself physically over long periods of time without getti
  Hearing Sensitivity (imp:2.50 lvl:2.12) — The ability to detect or tell the differences between sounds that vary in pitch 
  Time Sharing (imp:2.25 lvl:2.62) — The ability to shift back and forth between two or more activities or sources of
  Explosive Strength (imp:2.25 lvl:1.75) — The ability to use short bursts of muscle force to propel oneself (as in jumping
  Gross Body Equilibrium (imp:2.25 lvl:2.00) — The ability to keep or regain your body balance or stay upright when in an unsta
  Wrist-Finger Speed (imp:2.12 lvl:1.88) — The ability to make fast, simple, repeated movements of the fingers, hands, and 
  Memorization (imp:2.00 lvl:2.00) — The ability to remember information such as words, numbers, pictures, and proced
  Spatial Orientation (imp:2.00 lvl:1.75) — The ability to know your location in relation to the environment or to know wher
  Glare Sensitivity (imp:2.00 lvl:1.50) — The ability to see objects in the presence of a glare or bright lighting.
  Sound Localization (imp:2.00 lvl:1.38) — The ability to tell the direction from which a sound originated.
  Night Vision (imp:1.88 lvl:1.12) — The ability to see under low-light conditions.
  Peripheral Vision (imp:1.88 lvl:1.38) — The ability to see objects or movement of objects to one's side when the eyes ar
  Speed of Limb Movement (imp:1.75 lvl:1.38) — The ability to quickly move the arms and legs.
  Dynamic Flexibility (imp:1.25 lvl:0.38) — The ability to quickly and repeatedly bend, stretch, twist, or reach out with yo

--- WORK ACTIVITIES ---
  Handling and Moving Objects (imp:3.99 lvl:5.41) — Using hands and arms in handling, installing, positioning, and moving materials,
  Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Materials (imp:3.86 lvl:3.83) — Inspecting equipment, structures, or materials to identify the cause of errors o
  Getting Information (imp:3.83 lvl:2.92) — Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from all relevant sour
  Performing General Physical Activities (imp:3.70 lvl:3.84) — Performing general physical activities includes doing activities that require co
  Estimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or Information (imp:3.65 lvl:3.45) — Estimating sizes, distances, and quantities; or determining time, costs, resourc
  Making Decisions and Solving Problems (imp:3.62 lvl:3.78) — Analyzing information and evaluating results to choose the best solution and sol
  Judging the Qualities of Objects, Services, or People (imp:3.57 lvl:3.35) — Assessing the value, importance, or quality of things or people.
  Thinking Creatively (imp:3.50 lvl:4.47) — Developing, designing, or creating new applications, ideas, relationships, syste
  Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work (imp:3.49 lvl:4.51) — Developing specific goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and accomplish your
  Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events (imp:3.47 lvl:3.26) — Identifying information by categorizing, estimating, recognizing differences or 
  Coordinating the Work and Activities of Others (imp:3.31 lvl:3.60) — Getting members of a group to work together to accomplish tasks.
  Monitoring Processes, Materials, or Surroundings (imp:3.27 lvl:3.93) — Monitoring and reviewing information from materials, events, or the environment,
  Evaluating Information to Determine Compliance with Standards (imp:3.24 lvl:3.11) — Using relevant information and individual judgment to determine whether events o
  Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge (imp:3.24 lvl:3.65) — Keeping up-to-date technically and applying new knowledge to your job.
  Selling or Influencing Others (imp:3.21 lvl:3.21) — Convincing others to buy merchandise/goods or to otherwise change their minds or
  Controlling Machines and Processes (imp:3.18 lvl:3.85) — Using either control mechanisms or direct physical activity to operate machines 
  Scheduling Work and Activities (imp:3.17 lvl:3.47) — Scheduling events, programs, and activities, as well as the work of others.
  Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates (imp:3.13 lvl:3.06) — Providing information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone,
  Processing Information (imp:3.07 lvl:3.03) — Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, or verifying
  Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships (imp:2.98 lvl:3.00) — Developing constructive and cooperative working relationships with others, and m
  Performing for or Working Directly with the Public (imp:2.95 lvl:2.59) — Performing for people or dealing directly with the public. This includes serving
  Communicating with People Outside the Organization (imp:2.93 lvl:3.38) — Communicating with people outside the organization, representing the organizatio
  Resolving Conflicts and Negotiating with Others (imp:2.92 lvl:2.62) — Handling complaints, settling disputes, and resolving grievances and conflicts, 
  Developing Objectives and Strategies (imp:2.89 lvl:2.84) — Establishing long-range objectives and specifying the strategies and actions to 
  Monitoring and Controlling Resources (imp:2.88 lvl:2.94) — Monitoring and controlling resources and overseeing the spending of money.
  Coaching and Developing Others (imp:2.83 lvl:2.64) — Identifying the developmental needs of others and coaching, mentoring, or otherw
  Performing Administrative Activities (imp:2.82 lvl:2.55) — Performing day-to-day administrative tasks such as maintaining information files
  Training and Teaching Others (imp:2.76 lvl:2.69) — Identifying the educational needs of others, developing formal educational or tr
  Repairing and Maintaining Mechanical Equipment (imp:2.69 lvl:3.45) — Servicing, repairing, adjusting, and testing machines, devices, moving parts, an
  Analyzing Data or Information (imp:2.67 lvl:2.79) — Identifying the underlying principles, reasons, or facts of information by break
  Operating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or Equipment (imp:2.61 lvl:2.16) — Running, maneuvering, navigating, or driving vehicles or mechanized equipment, s
  Guiding, Directing, and Motivating Subordinates (imp:2.57 lvl:2.70) — Providing guidance and direction to subordinates, including setting performance 
  Providing Consultation and Advice to Others (imp:2.56 lvl:2.91) — Providing guidance and expert advice to management or other groups on technical,
  Drafting, Laying Out, and Specifying Technical Devices, Parts, and Equipment (imp:2.52 lvl:2.31) — Providing documentation, detailed instructions, drawings, or specifications to t
  Developing and Building Teams (imp:2.47 lvl:2.40) — Encouraging and building mutual trust, respect, and cooperation among team membe
  Assisting and Caring for Others (imp:2.39 lvl:1.89) — Providing personal assistance, medical attention, emotional support, or other pe
  Working with Computers (imp:2.29 lvl:2.02) — Using computers and computer systems (including hardware and software) to progra
  Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others (imp:2.27 lvl:1.87) — Translating or explaining what information means and how it can be used.
  Documenting/Recording Information (imp:2.15 lvl:1.72) — Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining information in writte
  Staffing Organizational Units (imp:2.12 lvl:1.84) — Recruiting, interviewing, selecting, hiring, and promoting employees in an organ
  Repairing and Maintaining Electronic Equipment (imp:1.72 lvl:1.17) — Servicing, repairing, calibrating, regulating, fine-tuning, or testing machines,

--- WORK STYLES ---
  Attention to Detail (imp:2.22) — A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
  Dependability (imp:1.98) — A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related o
  Cautiousness (imp:1.11) — A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related
  Perseverance (imp:1.07) — A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in 
  Attention to Detail (imp:1.00) — A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
  Achievement Orientation (imp:0.80) — A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, 
  Integrity (imp:0.78) — A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
  Innovation (imp:0.67) — A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on 
  Self-Confidence (imp:0.58) — A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control 
  Initiative (imp:0.43) — A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may
  Stress Tolerance (imp:0.41) — A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
  Adaptability (imp:0.38) — A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas 
  Intellectual Curiosity (imp:0.33) — A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep 
  Self-Control (imp:0.33) — A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in res
  Sincerity (imp:0.10) — A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, withou
  Cooperation (imp:0.04) — A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
  Innovation () — A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on 
  Achievement Orientation () — A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, 
  Intellectual Curiosity () — A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep 
  Tolerance for Ambiguity () — A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
  Initiative () — A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may
  Adaptability () — A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas 
  Self-Confidence () — A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control 
  Perseverance () — A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in 
  Leadership Orientation () — A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
  Humility () — A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
  Sincerity () — A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, withou
  Empathy () — A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feel
  Cooperation () — A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
  Optimism () — A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even un
  Social Orientation () — A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
  Cautiousness () — A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related
  Dependability () — A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related o
  Integrity () — A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
  Stress Tolerance () — A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
  Self-Control () — A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in res
  Optimism (imp:-0.06) — A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even un
  Empathy (imp:-0.09) — A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feel
  Social Orientation (imp:-0.14) — A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
  Tolerance for Ambiguity (imp:-0.30) — A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
  Humility (imp:-0.34) — A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
  Leadership Orientation (imp:-0.61) — A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.

--- TRANSFERABLE SKILLS ---
  Complex Problem Solving (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — Identifying complex problems and reviewing related information to develop and ev
  Judgment and Decision Making (imp:3.00 lvl:2.88) — Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential actions to choose the m
  Time Management (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — Managing one's own time and the time of others.
  Social Perceptiveness (imp:2.88 lvl:2.50) — Being aware of others' reactions and understanding why they react as they do.
  Service Orientation (imp:2.88 lvl:2.88) — Actively looking for ways to help people.
  Operations Monitoring (imp:2.88 lvl:2.88) — Watching gauges, dials, or other indicators to make sure a machine is working pr
  Coordination (imp:2.75 lvl:2.75) — Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions.
  Operation and Control (imp:2.75 lvl:2.62) — Controlling operations of equipment or systems.
  Quality Control Analysis (imp:2.75 lvl:2.75) — Conducting tests and inspections of products, services, or processes to evaluate
  Equipment Selection (imp:2.62 lvl:2.12) — Determining the kind of tools and equipment needed to do a job.
  Persuasion (imp:2.50 lvl:2.50) — Persuading others to change their minds or behavior.
  Instructing (imp:2.50 lvl:2.62) — Teaching others how to do something.
  Repairing (imp:2.50 lvl:1.88) — Repairing machines or systems using the needed tools.
  Negotiation (imp:2.38 lvl:2.25) — Bringing others together and trying to reconcile differences.
  Troubleshooting (imp:2.38 lvl:2.00) — Determining causes of operating errors and deciding what to do about it.
  Management of Personnel Resources (imp:2.38 lvl:2.25) — Motivating, developing, and directing people as they work, identifying the best 
  Equipment Maintenance (imp:2.25 lvl:1.88) — Performing routine maintenance on equipment and determining when and what kind o
  Systems Evaluation (imp:2.25 lvl:2.00) — Identifying measures or indicators of system performance and the actions needed 
  Operations Analysis (imp:2.12 lvl:1.75) — Analyzing needs and product requirements to create a design.
  Systems Analysis (imp:2.12 lvl:2.00) — Determining how a system should work and how changes in conditions, operations, 
  Management of Financial Resources (imp:2.12 lvl:1.50) — Determining how money will be spent to get the work done, and accounting for the
  Management of Material Resources (imp:2.00 lvl:1.75) — Obtaining and seeing to the appropriate use of equipment, facilities, and materi
  Technology Design (imp:1.88 lvl:1.38) — Generating or adapting equipment and technology to serve user needs.
  Installation (imp:1.25 lvl:0.38) — Installing equipment, machines, wiring, or programs to meet specifications.
  Programming (imp:1.00) — Writing computer programs for various purposes.

--- NATIONAL WAGES ---
  total_employment : 20,140
  annual_median    : $46,340
  annual_pct10     : $31,690
  annual_pct25     : $37,340
  annual_pct75     : $54,580
  annual_pct90     : $63,770
  annual_mean      : $47,340
  hourly_median    : $22.28

--- GEOGRAPHIC DISPERSION ---
  highest_state    : Rhode Island ($63,360)
  lowest_state     : Nebraska ($29,960)
  dispersion_ratio : 2.115x

--- TOP STATES BY WAGE (42 total) ---
  Manufacturing                            emp:   12,540  median: $  46,090
  Other Services (except Public Administration) emp:    4,950  median: $  45,640
  Retail Trade                             emp:      710  median: $  49,050
  Wholesale Trade                          emp:      450  median: $  39,380
  Transportation and Warehousing           emp:      430  median: $  58,990
  Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services emp:      430  median: $  50,760
  Accommodation and Food Services          emp:      170  median: $  57,820
  Federal, State, and Local Government, excluding State and Local Government Schools and Hospitals and the U.S. Postal Service (OEWS Designation) emp:       60  median: $  82,480
  Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation      emp:       50  median: $  55,560
  Construction                             emp:       40  median: $  51,380

--- TOP INDUSTRIES BY EMPLOYMENT (11 total) ---
  Manufacturing                            emp:   12,540  median: $  46,090
  Other Services (except Public Administration) emp:    4,950  median: $  45,640
  Retail Trade                             emp:      710  median: $  49,050
  Wholesale Trade                          emp:      450  median: $  39,380
  Transportation and Warehousing           emp:      430  median: $  58,990
  Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services emp:      430  median: $  50,760
  Accommodation and Food Services          emp:      170  median: $  57,820
  Federal, State, and Local Government, excluding State and Local Government Schools and Hospitals and the U.S. Postal Service (OEWS Designation) emp:       60  median: $  82,480
  Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation      emp:       50  median: $  55,560
  Construction                             emp:       40  median: $  51,380

exact_match_status : found
matched_title      : The Upholsterers
match_score        : 0.8571
wikidata_qid       : Q6646950
word_count         : 540
wikipedia_url      : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Upholsterers
license            : CC BY-SA 4.0
fetched_at         : 2026-06-02T23:16:27.635025Z

--- WIKIPEDIA FULL TEXT ---
The Upholsterers were an American garage punk band in 2000, from Detroit, Michigan. The two-piece band was composed of Jack White and Brian Muldoon of The Muldoons.  Muldoon provided drums, while White played on guitar and created sounds with a worm gear saw. They were originally called Two Part Resin.


== Beginnings ==
White grew up and lived in Detroit, Michigan. He originally was a drummer, but decided to take up guitar at age nine. White was in various other bands in the mid to late 1990s such as Goober & the Peas, The Go, Two-Star Tabernacle, a brief stint with The Hentchmen, and most prominently The White Stripes. 
At the age of 15, White became an upholstering apprentice of Muldoon, a family friend. By 1993, White and Muldoon were jamming in the studio as a two-piece band; White on guitar and Muldoon on drums. This arrangement lasted until 1996. White would go on to open his own shop, Third Man Upholstery, at the age of 21. 
The duo continued to collaborate and released two singles. It was originally thought to be a rumor that during White's time as an upholsterer, he would occasionally place albums of his music inside the furniture being worked on. In 2014, Third Man Records announced that two such copies of their second single have been found.


== Releases ==
"Makers of High Grade Suites" (SFTRI 611) was their first single, a 7" record released on the Sympathy for the Record Industry label in 2000. The track listing (with the composer) is:

"Apple of My Eye" – Jack White
"I Ain't Superstitious" – Willie Dixon
"Pain (Gimme Sympathy)" – Jack Starr
The songs were recorded at Third Man Studio and produced by White and Muldoon. Those tracks were then mixed at Ghetto Recorders in Detroit. The record itself came with a variety of inserts, such as a sticker for White's business Third Man Upholstery, his own business cards, a "fabric" sample of sandpaper, a Muldoon Studio business card and a reproduction of an WE Klomp upholstery tag. The single was pressed in a limited quantity and is highly collectible. The single featured in John Peel's Record Box, a collection of the late British DJs favourite records.
The duo released a second single, "Your Furniture Was Always Dead … I Was Just Afraid To Tell You", however only 100 copies were produced and White and Muldoon hid them all in pieces of upholstered furniture. Two of the singles were discovered in 2014.


== After the band ==
White became famous with his other duo, The White Stripes, and later the groups The Raconteurs and The Dead Weather. White received multiple Grammy Awards for his music with The White Stripes, and his collaboration with Loretta Lynn.
Muldoon resides in Detroit. He has taken photographs for The White Stripes' "The Denial Twist"  single, which portray Jack White standing over a dead raccoon and Meg White playing music for a raccoon. Muldoon's photo is on the back of the single's sleeve.
Muldoon went on to form the family band The Muldoons with his two sons, Shane and Hunter, who were aged 10 and 13 at the time.


== References ==


== External links ==
The Upholsterers discography at Discogs

--- SEMANTIC NEIGHBORS (5) ---

  Title: Cabinet-Maker and Upholsterer's Guide (similarity: 0.4898)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cabinet-Maker_and_Upholsterer's_Guide
  QID: Q17050313
  Extract: The Cabinet-Maker and Upholsterer's Guide is an eighteenth-century reference book about furniture-making. Many cabinetmakers and furniture designers still use it as a reference for making period furniture or designs inspired by the late 18th century era. Historians of domestic life or the History of

  Title: Upholsterers International Union of North America (similarity: 0.3934)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upholsterers_International_Union_of_North_America
  QID: Q7898309
  Extract: The Upholsterers International Union of North America was a North American labor union of upholsterers. It was founded in 1882 when eight small met at a conference in Chicago and agreed to combine. It affiliated with the American Federation of Labor in 1900. In 1929, a convention voted to change the

  Title: Boyd Rush (similarity: 0.1905)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boyd_Rush
  QID: Q30070980
  Extract: Boyd Rusia Rush was an American upholsterer who was the recipient of the world's first heart transplant on January 24, 1964, at University of Mississippi Medical Center in Jackson, Mississippi. Boyd's doctor James D. Hardy used a chimpanzee heart since no human donor heart was readily available. Thi

  Title: François Louis Castelnaux Darrac (similarity: 0.2727)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Louis_Castelnaux_Darrac
  QID: Q16066019
  Extract: François Louis Castelnaux Darrac was a French master upholsterer who lived c. 1779 to 1862. Darrac was one of the most important upholsterers of his generation. He was upholsterer for the French Court. He was first an apprentice of Michel-Jacques Boulard (1761–1825). Darrac's work can be found in th

  Title: Seattle–Tacoma Box Company (similarity: 0.0526)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seattle%E2%80%93Tacoma_Box_Company
  QID: Q18636758
  Extract: Seattle–Tacoma Box Company is a pioneering Seattle company established in 1889 by Jacob Nist and his sons as "Queen City Box Manufacturing Company." For over a century, the Nist family has continuously owned, managed, and operated the company, producing wooden crates, boxes, containers, and other wo

model_pass1          : claude-sonnet-4-20250514
model_pass2          : claude-haiku-4-5-20251001
inference_confidence : high
confidence_notes     : Strong confidence due to comprehensive O*NET data covering tasks, abilities, knowledge areas, and wage information, despite Wikipedia match being irrelevant to the occupation.
inferred_at          : 2026-06-04T01:56:30.185142+00:00
tokens_input         : 4,725
tokens_output        : 4,363
cost_usd             : $0.048477
wikipedia_used       : False
wikipedia_title      : The Upholsterers
wikipedia_note       : The exact Wikipedia match refers to a Detroit garage punk band from 2000, which is unrelated to the furniture repair occupation. The semantic neighbors provide more relevant context about the upholstery trade and its historical significance.

--- PROSE FIELDS ---

ROLE SUMMARY:
Upholsterers create, repair, and replace fabric and padding on furniture and vehicle seating using both traditional hand tools and modern equipment. They work with diverse materials including fabrics, foams, springs, and webbing to restore or construct comfortable, durable seating surfaces. This skilled trade combines technical craftsmanship with aesthetic design sense, serving residential, commercial, and automotive markets.

DAY IN THE LIFE:
An upholsterer begins by examining furniture pieces to assess repair needs or taking measurements for new coverings, reading work orders to determine material requirements. They remove old fabric and padding using hand tools like hammers and tack pullers, then rebuild internal structure by adjusting springs, webbing, and adding new foam or cotton padding. The craftsperson cuts new covering materials according to patterns and sketches, then carefully fits and secures fabric to frames using staples, glue, or hand-stitching techniques. Quality inspection ensures smooth surfaces and proper alignment, while some days include picking up and delivering completed furniture to customers.

WHO THRIVES:
This role attracts individuals with exceptional manual dexterity and arm-hand steadiness, as precise finger control and multilimb coordination are essential for quality work. Successful upholsterers possess strong visual abilities including near vision and color discrimination to match fabrics and detect imperfections. They demonstrate high attention to detail and dependability, taking pride in craftsmanship while working methodically through complex restoration projects. Creative thinking ability helps them visualize design solutions and work with diverse materials, while patience and perseverance support them through time-intensive hand-sewing and fitting processes.

CAREER ENTRY:
Most upholsterers enter through apprenticeships or on-the-job training with established shops, as 56.2% hold high school diplomas and 43.8% have less formal education. Training typically involves learning fabric types, cutting techniques, and tool usage over several months to years under experienced mentorship. Some may attend vocational schools offering furniture restoration or textile programs, while others transition from related fields like sewing or carpentry.

CAREER TRAJECTORY:
Experienced upholsterers often establish independent shops specializing in antique restoration, custom furniture, or automotive work, with master craftspeople commanding premium rates for specialized services. Career advancement may lead to supervisory roles in manufacturing facilities, teaching positions in vocational programs, or consulting for interior designers and furniture retailers. Some expand into related fields like furniture making, custom drapery, or become specialists in high-value areas like aircraft or marine upholstery.

MARKET INTELLIGENCE:
According to BLS OEWS May 2025 data, upholsterers earn a median annual wage of $46,340, with the range spanning $31,690 to $63,770 from 10th to 90th percentile. Employment totals 20,140 workers nationally, with significant geographic wage variation from Nebraska ($29,960) to Rhode Island ($63,360), representing a 2.12x ratio. Manufacturing employs the largest share (12,540 workers), followed by other services (4,950) and retail trade (710), indicating diverse employment opportunities across sectors. The field serves both production and repair markets, with demand driven by furniture replacement cycles and restoration trends.

AUTOMATION OUTLOOK:
Upholstery work shows moderate resistance to automation due to its emphasis on handling irregular objects, creative problem-solving, and precise manual manipulation of flexible materials. While cutting machines may assist with pattern work, the core activities of fitting fabric around complex furniture shapes and hand-stitching require human dexterity and spatial reasoning that current robotics cannot replicate effectively.

--- REASONED EDGES ---
  [task_similarity] Furniture Finishers (51-7021.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both roles repair furniture frames and refinish exposed wood, sharing knowledge of furniture construction and restoration techniques.
    data: Repair furniture frames and refinish exposed wood
    data: Production and Processing knowledge
    data: Manual Dexterity ability
  [skill_overlap] Sewers, Hand (51-6051.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both occupations require sewing rips and tears in materials using needles and thread, sharing high finger dexterity and manual precision abilities.
    data: Sew rips or tears in material using needles and thread
    data: Finger Dexterity (4.0)
    data: Manual Dexterity (4.0)
  [knowledge_overlap] Sewing Machine Operators (51-6031.00) — confidence:medium
    reasoning: Both roles share production and processing knowledge for working with fabrics and textile materials in manufacturing environments.
    data: Production and Processing knowledge (3.1)
    data: Cut fabrics
    data: Manufacturing employment (12,540)
  [riasec_cluster] Carpet Installers (47-2041.00) — confidence:medium
    reasoning: Both occupations show strong Realistic orientation (R:6.81 for upholsterers) involving hands-on work with materials and installation techniques.
    data: RIASEC R:6.81
    data: Fit, install, and secure material on frames
    data: Handling and Moving Objects (4.0)
  [job_zone] Cabinetmakers and Bench Carpenters (51-7011.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both occupations are classified in Job Zone 2 requiring some preparation and share building/construction knowledge for furniture work.
    data: Job Zone 2
    data: Building and Construction knowledge
    data: Build furniture up with padding
  [transferable_skill] Shoe and Leather Workers and Repairers (51-6041.00) — confidence:medium
    reasoning: Both roles require complex problem solving and judgment for repairing and working with flexible materials requiring precision cutting and fitting.
    data: Complex Problem Solving (3.0)
    data: Judgment and Decision Making (3.0)
    data: Cut fabrics
    data: Repair work

--- NORMALIZER SIGNALS ---
  match_keywords   : ['upholster', 'furniture repair', 'fabric installation', 'padding', 'reupholster', 'seat covering', 'furniture restoration', 'trimming']
  exclude_keywords : ['band member', 'musician', 'garage punk', 'Detroit band', 'jack white']
  title_patterns   : ['*upholsterer*', '*furniture*repairer*', '*seat*installer*', '*trimmer*', '*furniture*restorer*']
  common_variations: ['auto upholsterer', 'furniture upholsterer', 'aircraft upholsterer', 'automotive upholsterer', 'chair upholsterer', 'car seat upholsterer', 'body trimmer', 'casket trimmer']

total_terms    : 40
top_words      : ['tendency', 'others', 'furniture', 'equipment', 'materials', 'white', 'hand', 'upholstery', 'principles', 'repair', 'tools', 'production', 'control', 'objects', 'techniques', 'includes', 'design', 'ideas', 'upholsterers', 'muldoon']
source_layers  : onet_tasks | onet_dimensions | dwas | wikipedia | inference

TERM                    COUNT     FREQ  DOMINANT SOURCE      SOURCE BREAKDOWN
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
tendency                   42  0.01348  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
others                     39  0.01252  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:97%  inference:3%
furniture                  29  0.00931  inference            inference:34%  dwas:24%  onet_tasks:21%
equipment                  26  0.00834  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:88%  dwas:8%  inference:4%
materials                  24  0.00770  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:42%  dwas:29%  inference:17%
white                      21  0.00674  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
hand                       19  0.00610  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:37%  onet_tasks:32%  inference:32%
upholstery                 19  0.00610  onet_tasks           onet_tasks:37%  dwas:32%  wikipedia:16%
principles                 16  0.00513  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
repair                     15  0.00481  dwas                 dwas:47%  inference:27%  onet_tasks:13%
tools                      13  0.00417  onet_tasks           onet_tasks:46%  onet_dimensions:38%  inference:15%
production                 13  0.00417  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:62%  dwas:31%  inference:8%
control                    13  0.00417  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:92%  inference:8%
objects                    13  0.00417  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:92%  inference:8%
techniques                 12  0.00385  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:83%  inference:17%
includes                   12  0.00385  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
design                     11  0.00353  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:55%  onet_tasks:18%  inference:18%
ideas                      11  0.00353  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
upholsterers               11  0.00353  wikipedia            wikipedia:55%  inference:45%
muldoon                    11  0.00353  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
products                   10  0.00321  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:50%  dwas:40%  wikipedia:10%
activities                 10  0.00321  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:90%  inference:10%
body                       10  0.00321  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
material                    9  0.00289  onet_tasks           onet_tasks:56%  onet_dimensions:33%  inference:11%
patterns                    9  0.00289  onet_tasks           onet_tasks:33%  onet_dimensions:33%  dwas:22%
machines                    9  0.00289  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:78%  onet_tasks:11%  inference:11%
problems                    9  0.00289  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
needs                       9  0.00289  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:89%  inference:11%
services                    9  0.00289  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:67%  inference:22%  dwas:11%
human                       9  0.00289  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:78%  wikipedia:11%  inference:11%
resources                   9  0.00289  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
quickly                     9  0.00289  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
orientation                 9  0.00289  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
webbing                     8  0.00257  onet_tasks           onet_tasks:75%  inference:25%
fabric                      8  0.00257  inference            inference:62%  onet_tasks:25%  wikipedia:12%
fabrics                     8  0.00257  onet_tasks           onet_tasks:38%  dwas:38%  inference:25%
problem                     8  0.00257  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:88%  inference:12%
monitoring                  8  0.00257  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
procedures                  8  0.00257  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
rules                       8  0.00257  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%