[Core] [75% incumbents] Advise customers and others on the best use of gems to create attractive jewelry items.
  DWAs: Advise others on ways to improve processes or products.

[Supplemental] [75% incumbents] Hold stones, gems, dies, or styluses against rotating plates, wheels, saws, or slitters to cut, shape, slit, grind, or polish them.
  DWAs: Maneuver workpieces in equipment during production. | Operate grinding equipment.

[Supplemental] [75% incumbents] Secure gems or diamonds in holders, chucks, dops, lapidary sticks, or blocks for cutting, polishing, grinding, drilling, or shaping.
  DWAs: Mount materials or workpieces onto production equipment.

[Supplemental] [75% incumbents] Measure sizes of stones' bore holes and cuts to ensure adherence to specifications, using precision measuring instruments.
  DWAs: Measure dimensions of completed products or workpieces to verify conformance to specifications.

[Supplemental] [74% incumbents] Examine diamonds or gems to ascertain the shape, cut, and width of cut stones, or to select the cuts that will result in the biggest, best quality stones.
  DWAs: Examine physical characteristics of gemstones or precious metals.

[Supplemental] [74% incumbents] Dismantle lapping, boring, cutting, polishing, and shaping equipment and machinery to clean and lubricate it.
  DWAs: Disassemble equipment for maintenance or repair.

[Core] [73% incumbents] Examine gems during processing to ensure accuracy of angles and positions of cuts or bores, using magnifying glasses, loupes, or shadowgraphs.
  DWAs: Examine physical characteristics of gemstones or precious metals.

[Core] [73% incumbents] Assign polish, symmetry, and clarity grades to stones, according to established grading systems.
  DWAs: Evaluate quality of materials or products.

[Core] [73% incumbents] Estimate wholesale and retail value of gems, following pricing guides, market fluctuations, and other relevant economic factors.
  DWAs: Determine the value of goods or services.

[Core] [73% incumbents] Examine gem surfaces and internal structures, using polariscopes, refractometers, microscopes, and other optical instruments, to differentiate between stones, to identify rare specimens, or to detect flaws, defects, or peculiarities affecting gem values.
  DWAs: Examine physical characteristics of gemstones or precious metals.

[Core] [73% incumbents] Identify and document stones' clarity characteristics, using plot diagrams.
  DWAs: Examine physical characteristics of gemstones or precious metals. | Record operational or production data.

[Supplemental] [72% incumbents] Immerse stones in prescribed chemical solutions to determine specific gravities and key properties of gemstones or substitutes.
  DWAs: Examine physical characteristics of gemstones or precious metals.

[Supplemental] [72% incumbents] Sort rough diamonds into categories based on shape, size, color, and quality.
  DWAs: Sort materials or products for processing, storing, shipping, or grading.

[Supplemental] [72% incumbents] Select shaping wheels for tasks, and mix and apply abrasives, bort, or polishing compounds.
  DWAs: Select production equipment according to product specifications. | Mix substances to create chemical solutions. | Apply solutions to production equipment.

--- SKILLS ---
  Active Listening (imp:3.12 lvl:3.00) — Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand
  Speaking (imp:3.12 lvl:3.00) — Talking to others to convey information effectively.
  Critical Thinking (imp:3.00 lvl:3.12) — Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternativ
  Monitoring (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or organization
  Reading Comprehension (imp:2.88 lvl:2.88) — Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work-related documents.
  Mathematics (imp:2.75 lvl:2.88) — Using mathematics to solve problems.
  Writing (imp:2.62 lvl:2.88) — Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the audienc
  Active Learning (imp:2.50 lvl:2.62) — Understanding the implications of new information for both current and future pr
  Learning Strategies (imp:2.25 lvl:2.12) — Selecting and using training/instructional methods and procedures appropriate fo
  Science (imp:1.38 lvl:0.62) — Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems.

--- KNOWLEDGE ---
  Customer and Personal Service (imp:3.57 lvl:3.10) — Knowledge of principles and processes for providing customer and personal servic
  Production and Processing (imp:3.21 lvl:3.72) — Knowledge of raw materials, production processes, quality control, costs, and ot
  English Language (imp:3.05 lvl:3.32) — Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the mea
  Mathematics (imp:3.01 lvl:3.21) — Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their appl
  Sales and Marketing (imp:2.99 lvl:3.13) — Knowledge of principles and methods for showing, promoting, and selling products
  Administration and Management (imp:2.76 lvl:3.12) — Knowledge of business and management principles involved in strategic planning, 
  Education and Training (imp:2.68 lvl:2.22) — Knowledge of principles and methods for curriculum and training design, teaching
  Economics and Accounting (imp:2.41 lvl:1.97) — Knowledge of economic and accounting principles and practices, the financial mar
  Design (imp:2.39 lvl:2.12) — Knowledge of design techniques, tools, and principles involved in production of 
  Computers and Electronics (imp:2.31 lvl:2.44) — Knowledge of circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and comput
  Administrative (imp:2.28 lvl:2.63) — Knowledge of administrative and office procedures and systems such as word proce
  Telecommunications (imp:2.24 lvl:2.08) — Knowledge of transmission, broadcasting, switching, control, and operation of te
  Communications and Media (imp:2.03 lvl:1.79) — Knowledge of media production, communication, and dissemination techniques and m
  Mechanical (imp:1.97 lvl:1.84) — Knowledge of machines and tools, including their designs, uses, repair, and main
  Public Safety and Security (imp:1.87 lvl:1.24) — Knowledge of relevant equipment, policies, procedures, and strategies to promote
  Personnel and Human Resources (imp:1.84 lvl:1.65) — Knowledge of principles and procedures for personnel recruitment, selection, tra
  Transportation (imp:1.80 lvl:1.54) — Knowledge of principles and methods for moving people or goods by air, rail, sea
  Law and Government (imp:1.75 lvl:1.28) — Knowledge of laws, legal codes, court procedures, precedents, government regulat
  Engineering and Technology (imp:1.73 lvl:1.47) — Knowledge of the practical application of engineering science and technology. Th
  Psychology (imp:1.73 lvl:1.49) — Knowledge of human behavior and performance; individual differences in ability, 
  Geography (imp:1.64 lvl:1.63) — Knowledge of principles and methods for describing the features of land, sea, an
  Chemistry (imp:1.48 lvl:1.37) — Knowledge of the chemical composition, structure, and properties of substances a
  Foreign Language (imp:1.38 lvl:0.67) — Knowledge of the structure and content of a foreign (non-English) language inclu
  Physics (imp:1.30) — Knowledge and prediction of physical principles, laws, their interrelationships,
  Building and Construction (imp:1.29) — Knowledge of materials, methods, and the tools involved in the construction or r
  Sociology and Anthropology (imp:1.28 lvl:0.65) — Knowledge of group behavior and dynamics, societal trends and influences, human 
  Therapy and Counseling (imp:1.17) — Knowledge of principles, methods, and procedures for diagnosis, treatment, and r
  Philosophy and Theology (imp:1.10) — Knowledge of different philosophical systems and religions. This includes their 
  Fine Arts (imp:1.08) — Knowledge of the theory and techniques required to compose, produce, and perform
  History and Archeology (imp:1.08) — Knowledge of historical events and their causes, indicators, and effects on civi
  Medicine and Dentistry (imp:1.07) — Knowledge of the information and techniques needed to diagnose and treat human i
  Food Production (imp:1.00) — Knowledge of techniques and equipment for planting, growing, and harvesting food
  Biology (imp:1.00) — Knowledge of plant and animal organisms, their tissues, cells, functions, interd

--- ABILITIES ---
  Near Vision (imp:4.12 lvl:6.00) — The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the observer).
  Finger Dexterity (imp:3.62 lvl:4.38) — The ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the fingers of one or bot
  Arm-Hand Steadiness (imp:3.50 lvl:5.25) — The ability to keep your hand and arm steady while moving your arm or while hold
  Visual Color Discrimination (imp:3.38 lvl:4.38) — The ability to match or detect differences between colors, including shades of c
  Problem Sensitivity (imp:3.25 lvl:2.88) — The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does no
  Deductive Reasoning (imp:3.12 lvl:3.12) — The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that 
  Category Flexibility (imp:3.12 lvl:3.50) — The ability to generate or use different sets of rules for combining or grouping
  Flexibility of Closure (imp:3.12 lvl:3.75) — The ability to identify or detect a known pattern (a figure, object, word, or so
  Manual Dexterity (imp:3.12 lvl:3.38) — The ability to quickly move your hand, your hand together with your arm, or your
  Control Precision (imp:3.12) — The ability to quickly and repeatedly adjust the controls of a machine or a vehi
  Oral Comprehension (imp:3.00 lvl:3.62) — The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through 
  Oral Expression (imp:3.00 lvl:3.50) — The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will unde
  Information Ordering (imp:3.00 lvl:2.75) — The ability to arrange things or actions in a certain order or pattern according
  Visualization (imp:3.00 lvl:3.38) — The ability to imagine how something will look after it is moved around or when 
  Selective Attention (imp:3.00 lvl:2.62) — The ability to concentrate on a task over a period of time without being distrac
  Speech Recognition (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to identify and understand the speech of another person.
  Speech Clarity (imp:3.00 lvl:2.88) — The ability to speak clearly so others can understand you.
  Written Comprehension (imp:2.88 lvl:3.12) — The ability to read and understand information and ideas presented in writing.
  Inductive Reasoning (imp:2.88 lvl:3.12) — The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusion
  Number Facility (imp:2.88 lvl:2.62) — The ability to add, subtract, multiply, or divide quickly and correctly.
  Mathematical Reasoning (imp:2.75 lvl:2.62) — The ability to choose the right mathematical methods or formulas to solve a prob
  Perceptual Speed (imp:2.75 lvl:2.75) — The ability to quickly and accurately compare similarities and differences among
  Written Expression (imp:2.50 lvl:2.75) — The ability to communicate information and ideas in writing so others will under
  Fluency of Ideas (imp:2.50 lvl:2.50) — The ability to come up with a number of ideas about a topic (the number of ideas
  Originality (imp:2.50 lvl:2.75) — The ability to come up with unusual or clever ideas about a given topic or situa
  Far Vision (imp:2.50 lvl:2.38) — The ability to see details at a distance.
  Depth Perception (imp:2.50 lvl:2.38) — The ability to judge which of several objects is closer or farther away from you
  Speed of Closure (imp:2.38 lvl:2.62) — The ability to quickly make sense of, combine, and organize information into mea
  Multilimb Coordination (imp:2.38 lvl:2.25) — The ability to coordinate two or more limbs (for example, two arms, two legs, or
  Time Sharing (imp:2.25 lvl:2.00) — The ability to shift back and forth between two or more activities or sources of
  Wrist-Finger Speed (imp:2.12 lvl:2.00) — The ability to make fast, simple, repeated movements of the fingers, hands, and 
  Auditory Attention (imp:2.12 lvl:2.00) — The ability to focus on a single source of sound in the presence of other distra
  Response Orientation (imp:2.00 lvl:1.75) — The ability to choose quickly between two or more movements in response to two o
  Rate Control (imp:2.00 lvl:1.62) — The ability to time your movements or the movement of a piece of equipment in an
  Reaction Time (imp:2.00 lvl:1.62) — The ability to quickly respond (with the hand, finger, or foot) to a signal (sou
  Hearing Sensitivity (imp:2.00 lvl:1.75) — The ability to detect or tell the differences between sounds that vary in pitch 
  Memorization (imp:1.88 lvl:1.62) — The ability to remember information such as words, numbers, pictures, and proced
  Static Strength (imp:1.62 lvl:1.12) — The ability to exert maximum muscle force to lift, push, pull, or carry objects.
  Speed of Limb Movement (imp:1.25 lvl:0.38) — The ability to quickly move the arms and legs.
  Explosive Strength (imp:1.25 lvl:0.25) — The ability to use short bursts of muscle force to propel oneself (as in jumping
  Trunk Strength (imp:1.25 lvl:0.38) — The ability to use your abdominal and lower back muscles to support part of the 
  Dynamic Strength (imp:1.12 lvl:0.25) — The ability to exert muscle force repeatedly or continuously over time. This inv
  Extent Flexibility (imp:1.12 lvl:0.12) — The ability to bend, stretch, twist, or reach with your body, arms, and/or legs.
  Night Vision (imp:1.12 lvl:0.25) — The ability to see under low-light conditions.
  Spatial Orientation (imp:1.00) — The ability to know your location in relation to the environment or to know wher
  Stamina (imp:1.00) — The ability to exert yourself physically over long periods of time without getti
  Dynamic Flexibility (imp:1.00) — The ability to quickly and repeatedly bend, stretch, twist, or reach out with yo
  Gross Body Coordination (imp:1.00) — The ability to coordinate the movement of your arms, legs, and torso together wh
  Gross Body Equilibrium (imp:1.00) — The ability to keep or regain your body balance or stay upright when in an unsta
  Peripheral Vision (imp:1.00) — The ability to see objects or movement of objects to one's side when the eyes ar
  Glare Sensitivity (imp:1.00) — The ability to see objects in the presence of a glare or bright lighting.
  Sound Localization (imp:1.00) — The ability to tell the direction from which a sound originated.

--- WORK ACTIVITIES ---
  Estimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or Information (imp:3.75 lvl:3.45) — Estimating sizes, distances, and quantities; or determining time, costs, resourc
  Judging the Qualities of Objects, Services, or People (imp:3.70 lvl:4.44) — Assessing the value, importance, or quality of things or people.
  Thinking Creatively (imp:3.60 lvl:3.97) — Developing, designing, or creating new applications, ideas, relationships, syste
  Making Decisions and Solving Problems (imp:3.49 lvl:3.41) — Analyzing information and evaluating results to choose the best solution and sol
  Handling and Moving Objects (imp:3.39 lvl:4.13) — Using hands and arms in handling, installing, positioning, and moving materials,
  Getting Information (imp:3.29 lvl:2.83) — Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from all relevant sour
  Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Materials (imp:3.28 lvl:3.02) — Inspecting equipment, structures, or materials to identify the cause of errors o
  Monitoring Processes, Materials, or Surroundings (imp:3.26 lvl:3.72) — Monitoring and reviewing information from materials, events, or the environment,
  Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events (imp:3.08 lvl:3.08) — Identifying information by categorizing, estimating, recognizing differences or 
  Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work (imp:3.05 lvl:3.74) — Developing specific goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and accomplish your
  Documenting/Recording Information (imp:3.02 lvl:2.99) — Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining information in writte
  Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships (imp:3.02 lvl:3.74) — Developing constructive and cooperative working relationships with others, and m
  Monitoring and Controlling Resources (imp:3.02 lvl:3.40) — Monitoring and controlling resources and overseeing the spending of money.
  Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge (imp:2.97 lvl:3.52) — Keeping up-to-date technically and applying new knowledge to your job.
  Controlling Machines and Processes (imp:2.96 lvl:3.76) — Using either control mechanisms or direct physical activity to operate machines 
  Selling or Influencing Others (imp:2.93 lvl:3.03) — Convincing others to buy merchandise/goods or to otherwise change their minds or
  Evaluating Information to Determine Compliance with Standards (imp:2.83 lvl:2.41) — Using relevant information and individual judgment to determine whether events o
  Communicating with People Outside the Organization (imp:2.63 lvl:2.84) — Communicating with people outside the organization, representing the organizatio
  Processing Information (imp:2.61 lvl:2.62) — Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, or verifying
  Repairing and Maintaining Mechanical Equipment (imp:2.54 lvl:2.78) — Servicing, repairing, adjusting, and testing machines, devices, moving parts, an
  Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates (imp:2.47 lvl:2.53) — Providing information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone,
  Scheduling Work and Activities (imp:2.42 lvl:2.11) — Scheduling events, programs, and activities, as well as the work of others.
  Developing Objectives and Strategies (imp:2.27 lvl:1.89) — Establishing long-range objectives and specifying the strategies and actions to 
  Performing Administrative Activities (imp:2.27 lvl:2.01) — Performing day-to-day administrative tasks such as maintaining information files
  Analyzing Data or Information (imp:2.24 lvl:2.23) — Identifying the underlying principles, reasons, or facts of information by break
  Performing for or Working Directly with the Public (imp:2.24 lvl:2.12) — Performing for people or dealing directly with the public. This includes serving
  Performing General Physical Activities (imp:2.14 lvl:2.43) — Performing general physical activities includes doing activities that require co
  Coaching and Developing Others (imp:2.14 lvl:1.99) — Identifying the developmental needs of others and coaching, mentoring, or otherw
  Working with Computers (imp:2.12 lvl:1.83) — Using computers and computer systems (including hardware and software) to progra
  Training and Teaching Others (imp:2.09 lvl:1.71) — Identifying the educational needs of others, developing formal educational or tr
  Resolving Conflicts and Negotiating with Others (imp:1.99 lvl:1.80) — Handling complaints, settling disputes, and resolving grievances and conflicts, 
  Providing Consultation and Advice to Others (imp:1.93 lvl:1.78) — Providing guidance and expert advice to management or other groups on technical,
  Drafting, Laying Out, and Specifying Technical Devices, Parts, and Equipment (imp:1.89 lvl:1.64) — Providing documentation, detailed instructions, drawings, or specifications to t
  Assisting and Caring for Others (imp:1.88 lvl:1.32) — Providing personal assistance, medical attention, emotional support, or other pe
  Coordinating the Work and Activities of Others (imp:1.79 lvl:1.17) — Getting members of a group to work together to accomplish tasks.
  Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others (imp:1.78 lvl:1.25) — Translating or explaining what information means and how it can be used.
  Developing and Building Teams (imp:1.77 lvl:1.26) — Encouraging and building mutual trust, respect, and cooperation among team membe
  Guiding, Directing, and Motivating Subordinates (imp:1.73 lvl:1.07) — Providing guidance and direction to subordinates, including setting performance 
  Repairing and Maintaining Electronic Equipment (imp:1.57 lvl:1.03) — Servicing, repairing, calibrating, regulating, fine-tuning, or testing machines,
  Staffing Organizational Units (imp:1.37 lvl:0.62) — Recruiting, interviewing, selecting, hiring, and promoting employees in an organ
  Operating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or Equipment (imp:1.22) — Running, maneuvering, navigating, or driving vehicles or mechanized equipment, s

--- WORK STYLES ---
  Dependability (imp:4.00) — A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related o
  Attention to Detail (imp:3.00) — A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
  Attention to Detail (imp:3.00) — A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
  Cautiousness (imp:2.54) — A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related
  Dependability (imp:2.36) — A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related o
  Integrity (imp:2.32) — A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
  Integrity (imp:2.00) — A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
  Achievement Orientation (imp:1.77) — A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, 
  Intellectual Curiosity (imp:1.54) — A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep 
  Perseverance (imp:1.46) — A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in 
  Self-Control (imp:1.28) — A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in res
  Self-Confidence (imp:1.07) — A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control 
  Cautiousness (imp:1.00) — A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related
  Stress Tolerance (imp:0.88) — A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
  Sincerity (imp:0.84) — A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, withou
  Cooperation (imp:0.51) — A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
  Innovation (imp:0.37) — A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on 
  Initiative (imp:0.23) — A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may
  Humility (imp:0.22) — A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
  Optimism (imp:0.07) — A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even un
  Tolerance for Ambiguity (imp:0.06) — A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
  Adaptability (imp:0.06) — A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas 
  Innovation () — A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on 
  Achievement Orientation () — A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, 
  Intellectual Curiosity () — A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep 
  Tolerance for Ambiguity () — A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
  Initiative () — A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may
  Adaptability () — A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas 
  Self-Confidence () — A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control 
  Perseverance () — A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in 
  Leadership Orientation () — A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
  Humility () — A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
  Sincerity () — A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, withou
  Empathy () — A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feel
  Cooperation () — A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
  Optimism () — A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even un
  Social Orientation () — A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
  Stress Tolerance () — A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
  Self-Control () — A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in res
  Social Orientation (imp:-0.07) — A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
  Empathy (imp:-0.09) — A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feel
  Leadership Orientation (imp:-0.32) — A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.

--- TRANSFERABLE SKILLS ---
  Quality Control Analysis (imp:3.38 lvl:3.50) — Conducting tests and inspections of products, services, or processes to evaluate
  Judgment and Decision Making (imp:2.88 lvl:3.25) — Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential actions to choose the m
  Social Perceptiveness (imp:2.75 lvl:2.62) — Being aware of others' reactions and understanding why they react as they do.
  Service Orientation (imp:2.75 lvl:3.00) — Actively looking for ways to help people.
  Complex Problem Solving (imp:2.75 lvl:2.62) — Identifying complex problems and reviewing related information to develop and ev
  Operations Monitoring (imp:2.75 lvl:2.50) — Watching gauges, dials, or other indicators to make sure a machine is working pr
  Coordination (imp:2.62 lvl:2.38) — Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions.
  Equipment Selection (imp:2.62 lvl:2.50) — Determining the kind of tools and equipment needed to do a job.
  Persuasion (imp:2.50 lvl:2.88) — Persuading others to change their minds or behavior.
  Operations Analysis (imp:2.50 lvl:2.38) — Analyzing needs and product requirements to create a design.
  Time Management (imp:2.50 lvl:2.38) — Managing one's own time and the time of others.
  Negotiation (imp:2.25 lvl:1.88) — Bringing others together and trying to reconcile differences.
  Operation and Control (imp:2.25 lvl:2.25) — Controlling operations of equipment or systems.
  Management of Material Resources (imp:2.25 lvl:2.00) — Obtaining and seeing to the appropriate use of equipment, facilities, and materi
  Equipment Maintenance (imp:2.12 lvl:1.75) — Performing routine maintenance on equipment and determining when and what kind o
  Management of Financial Resources (imp:2.12 lvl:1.88) — Determining how money will be spent to get the work done, and accounting for the
  Management of Personnel Resources (imp:2.12 lvl:2.00) — Motivating, developing, and directing people as they work, identifying the best 
  Instructing (imp:2.00 lvl:1.75) — Teaching others how to do something.
  Technology Design (imp:2.00 lvl:1.38) — Generating or adapting equipment and technology to serve user needs.
  Troubleshooting (imp:2.00 lvl:1.75) — Determining causes of operating errors and deciding what to do about it.
  Systems Analysis (imp:2.00 lvl:1.50) — Determining how a system should work and how changes in conditions, operations, 
  Repairing (imp:1.88 lvl:1.50) — Repairing machines or systems using the needed tools.
  Systems Evaluation (imp:1.88 lvl:1.50) — Identifying measures or indicators of system performance and the actions needed 
  Installation (imp:1.00) — Installing equipment, machines, wiring, or programs to meet specifications.
  Programming (imp:1.00) — Writing computer programs for various purposes.

--- NATIONAL WAGES ---
  total_employment : 22,440
  annual_median    : $52,540
  annual_pct10     : $35,580
  annual_pct25     : $39,520
  annual_pct75     : $69,810
  annual_pct90     : $87,540
  annual_mean      : $57,960
  hourly_median    : $25.26

--- GEOGRAPHIC DISPERSION ---
  highest_state    : Connecticut ($69,800)
  lowest_state     : Arkansas ($35,950)
  dispersion_ratio : 1.942x

--- TOP STATES BY WAGE (47 total) ---
  Retail Trade                             emp:   12,470  median: $  52,540
  Manufacturing                            emp:    5,200  median: $  48,800
  Wholesale Trade                          emp:    2,120  median: $  58,320
  Other Services (except Public Administration) emp:    1,290  median: $  45,740
  Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services emp:      460  median: $  59,330
  Management of Companies and Enterprises  emp:      380  median: $  84,800
  Finance and Insurance                    emp:      200  median: $  45,100

--- TOP INDUSTRIES BY EMPLOYMENT (7 total) ---
  Retail Trade                             emp:   12,470  median: $  52,540
  Manufacturing                            emp:    5,200  median: $  48,800
  Wholesale Trade                          emp:    2,120  median: $  58,320
  Other Services (except Public Administration) emp:    1,290  median: $  45,740
  Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services emp:      460  median: $  59,330
  Management of Companies and Enterprises  emp:      380  median: $  84,800
  Finance and Insurance                    emp:      200  median: $  45,100

exact_match_status : found
matched_title      : Golconda diamonds
match_score        : 0.6000
wikidata_qid       : Q25564800
word_count         : 3,834
wikipedia_url      : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golconda_diamonds
license            : CC BY-SA 4.0
fetched_at         : 2026-06-02T23:23:31.025155Z

--- WIKIPEDIA FULL TEXT ---
Golconda diamonds are mined in the Godavari-Krishna delta region of Andhra Pradesh, India. Golconda Fort in the western part of modern-day Hyderabad was a seat of the Golconda Sultanate and became an important centre for diamond enhancement, lapidary, and trading. Golconda diamonds are graded as Type IIa, are formed of pure carbon, are devoid of nitrogen, and are large with high clarity. They are often described as diamonds of the first water, making them among history's most-celebrated diamonds. The phrase "Golconda diamond" became synonymous with diamonds of incomparable quality.
For 2,000 years, Golconda diamonds were the only known fine diamonds. Due to centuries of excessive mining, their production was exhausted by 1830, and gemologists and traders have classified Golconda diamonds as antique, rare and precious. Famous Golconda diamonds include the colourless Koh-i-Noor, the Nassak Diamond, the blue Hope Diamond, the Idol's Eye, the pink Daria-i-Noor, the white Regent Diamond, the Dresden Green Diamond, the colourless Orlov Diamond and the yellow Florentine Diamond, as well as now-untraceable diamonds such as the Akbar Shah, the Nizam Diamond, and the Great Mogul Diamond.
The Golconda diamond industry was at its peak from the 16th to 18th centuries when 23 mines, of which Kollur Mine was the most active, operated in the region with 30,000 people at a time working in one mine. The output from all of the mines in Golconda is estimated to be around 10,000,000 carats (2.0 t). In 2015, Osmania University in collaboration with Geological Survey of India discovered potential new sites for diamond mining in the region, though as of 2022 mining had not started.
Several literary legends were inspired by Golconda diamonds; these include Sindbad the Sailor's valley of diamonds, the gem lore of Marco Polo, and the theme of Russell Conwell's inspirational lecture "Acres of Diamonds". According to folklore, some Golconda diamonds are cursed; these impart good luck to their owners or have mystical powers while others were worn as talismans. In 2013, the Princie Diamond from the Jewels of the Nizams was auctioned for US$39.3 million—the highest-recorded auction price for Golconda Diamonds and the world record for US$1.1 million per carat. In a heist in 2019, the Dresden White Diamond was stolen along with jewels worth US$1.2 billion.


== Geology ==
The Golconda diamondiferous region is located in the Southern Indian peninsular shield, which was formed during the process of proterozoic and Insular India. The region is spread over 50,000 km2 (19,000 sq mi), within the sediments of the Krishna-Pennar river basin and Deccan Traps, and contains 120 out of the 150 kimberlite pipes in India. Though kimberlite and lamproite are the primary rock source, conglomerate and placers had yielded the majority of the region's diamonds. The Geological Survey of India has categorized kimberlite pipes of southern India into clusters Southern Wajrakarur kimberlite, Northern Narayanpet kimberlite, and Central Raichur kimberlite of these, the Timmasamudram kimberlite cluster—a part of Southern Wajrakarur kimberlite—is significant.


== History ==

Mediaeval records from Europe and the Middle East show India's importance as a source of high-quality diamonds. According to jewellery historian Jack Ogden, these records include those of Pliny the Elder, Marco Polo, Muhammed al-Idrisi, Ahmad al-Tifashi, and others from before the 12th century. The records state India produced diamonds with "which the gems were engraved". Ancient texts of Buddhists, Hindus, and Jains such as the Arthashastra (2nd century BCE – 4th century CE), the Ratna Pariksha, and the Puranas refer to cities and regions of India that produced diamonds. Roman historian Pliny the Elder (23–79 CE) in his encyclopedia described the demand and fondness of Roman imperial women for the diamonds of South India. The tales of Sinbad the Sailor's voyages, added to the folk tales collection One Thousand and One Nights (Arabian Nights, Alf Laila Wa Laila, or Alif Laila) in the 17th or 18th centuries, describe the Valley of the Diamonds. These regional descriptions have the same features of Deccan in general and the Golconda region in particular. These names are difficult to link to modern geographic names.
Until the 17th century, mines in this region was the largest source of diamonds on Earth. The Garudapuraṇa, Rasapaddhati, Agastyasaṃhitā and Bṛhatsaṃhitās all give lists of diamond mines across the Indian subcontinent. According to the records of 18th-and-19th-century geologists, researchers, and traders, the region south of the Kurnool district near the Krishna River valley in and around NTR district, Palnadu, and Guntur; the Godavari delta in Rampachodavaram and Bhadrachalam; north-eastern Madhya Pradesh; eastern Chhattisgarh; western Jharkhand; and north-western Odisha are possible historical sources of diamond. The best-known region among these was historically known as Telingana or Tilling, and was renamed Golconda during the Deccan sultanates period and generally known as the Godavari delta. As European travellers and traders increasingly engaged in trading with producers of this region, the region's diamonds came to be referred to as "Golconda diamonds".


=== Mining ===

The peak period of Golconda diamond mining was the 16th-to-18th centuries, when the region was controlled by the Golconda Sultanate and the Nizams of Hyderabad. The mines were leased under the supervision of regional governors, of whom prominent 17th-century diamond trader Mir Jumla became the Grand vizier (Prime Minister) of the Golconda Sultanate. He established a network of diamond merchants in Europe, Africa, the Middle East, and Asia—up to China and the Malay Archipelago. Shantidas Jhaveri was another 17th-century diamond trader.
Golconda diamonds were mined from alluvial soils alongside river beds. Mines were usually up to 4 fathoms (7.3 m; 24 ft) deep. When mining reached groundwater, digging was halted. Stony substances were then collected for assortment and examined for diamonds. Raw diamonds from the mines were typically transported to Golconda—now the western part of Hyderabad— for skilled lapidary, enhancement, further evaluation, and sale. The art of macle, which is a form of rough diamond that is used to produce jewellery, was first developed in the Golconda region. Of the 38 diamond mines in India at the time, 23 were located in the Golconda Sultanate, of which Kollur Mine was prominent and employed 60,000 workers at one time. Most of these mines were fully active until 1830 but were gradually abandoned as they became either submerged by the backwaters of the Pulichintala irrigation dam or became depleted. Diamond mining in the region gradually declined and finally officially closed.
In 2015, the Centre of Exploration Geophysics of Osmania University and the Geological Survey of India (GSI) conducted research that identified three zones that contain 21 potential new diamond-mining sites near the delta of the Krishna and Bhima rivers, and in the beds of the Krishna, Tungabhadra and Penna rivers. According to the research, the sites contain volcanic pipes that probably bear kimberlite and possibly diamonds. According to Outlook India, in 2022, some companies applied for mining rights in the region of Andhra Pradesh, soon after the National Geophysical Research Institute (NGRI) discovered diamond deposits in the seven districts of the state.


=== Trading ===
The Golconda region was a major trading centre and the source of the world's most-famous diamonds. Until the end of the 19th century, it was the primary source of the finest and largest diamonds in the world, making the name "Golconda diamond" synonymous with high-quality diamonds. It has been estimated the Golconda region traded around 10 million carats of diamonds. A unit of measurement for Golconda diamonds was the Ratti (7 ⁄8 of a carat), and the most-common currency was the Golconda

--- SEMANTIC NEIGHBORS (5) ---

  Title: Gemological Institute of America (similarity: 0.2909)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemological_Institute_of_America
  QID: Q3759392
  Extract: The Gemological Institute of America (GIA) is a nonprofit institute based in Carlsbad, California. It is dedicated to research and education in the field of gemology and the jewelry arts. Founded in 1931, GIA's mission is to protect buyers and sellers of gemstones by setting and maintaining the stan

  Title: Synthetic diamond (similarity: 0.4500)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synthetic_diamond
  QID: Q751479
  Extract: A synthetic diamond or laboratory-grown diamond (LGD), also called a lab-grown, laboratory-created, man-made, artisan-created, artificial, or cultured diamond, is a diamond that is produced in a controlled technological process, in contrast to a naturally formed diamond, which is created through geo

  Title: Uncle Sam (diamond) (similarity: 0.4762)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uncle_Sam_(diamond)
  QID: Q7882795
  Extract: Uncle Sam is the nickname for the largest diamond ever discovered in the United States. It was found in 1924 in Murfreesboro, Arkansas, at the Prairie Creek pipe mine, which later became known as the Crater of Diamonds State Park. The diamond was named "Uncle Sam" after the nickname of its finder, W

  Title: Child labour in the diamond industry (similarity: 0.3729)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Child_labour_in_the_diamond_industry
  QID: Q5097867
  Extract: Child labour in the diamond industry is a widely reported and criticized issue on diamond industry for using child labour in diamond mines and polishing procedures in poor conditions mainly in India and African countries. The largest producers of diamonds in Africa in terms of volume are Botswana, A

  Title: Diamond Sutra (similarity: 0.5000)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diamond_Sutra
  QID: Q494235
  Extract: The Diamond Sūtra is a Mahāyāna Buddhist sutra from the genre of Prajñāpāramitā sutras. Translated into a variety of languages over a broad geographic range, the Diamond Sūtra is one of the most influential Mahayana sutras in East Asia, and it is particularly prominent within the Chan tradition, alo

model_pass1          : claude-sonnet-4-20250514
model_pass2          : claude-haiku-4-5-20251001
inference_confidence : high
confidence_notes     : Rich O*NET data with detailed tasks, abilities, and work activities provides strong foundation. BLS wage data is current and comprehensive. Related occupations list supports edge analysis.
inferred_at          : 2026-06-04T02:26:32.285499+00:00
tokens_input         : 4,878
tokens_output        : 4,302
cost_usd             : $0.046637
wikipedia_used       : True
wikipedia_title      : Golconda diamonds
wikipedia_note       : The match provides historical context about diamond enhancement and lapidary work centers, though it focuses on a specific geographic source rather than the occupation itself. The semantic neighbors offer more relevant occupational context.

--- PROSE FIELDS ---

ROLE SUMMARY:
Gem and Diamond Workers fabricate, finish, and evaluate precious stones used in jewelry and industrial applications. They use specialized tools and techniques to cut, polish, grade, and shape gems according to precise specifications. These skilled craftspeople combine technical precision with aesthetic judgment to transform raw stones into valuable finished products.

DAY IN THE LIFE:
Workers begin by examining raw gems using microscopes, polariscopes, and refractometers to assess internal structures and plan optimal cuts. They secure stones in specialized holders and use rotating wheels, saws, and polishing equipment to shape and finish gems according to specifications. Throughout processing, they continuously monitor work using magnifying glasses and precision measuring instruments to ensure accuracy of angles and cuts. Workers also grade finished stones for polish, symmetry, and clarity according to established industry standards, and estimate wholesale and retail values based on market conditions. Equipment maintenance involves dismantling and cleaning machinery to ensure optimal performance.

WHO THRIVES:
This role attracts individuals with exceptional near vision and steady hands who can work with extreme precision on valuable materials. Successful workers possess strong attention to detail and dependability, as mistakes can be costly with precious stones. They enjoy combining technical craftsmanship with aesthetic judgment, finding satisfaction in transforming rough materials into beautiful finished products. The work appeals to those who appreciate both the scientific aspects of gemology and the artistic elements of jewelry creation. Workers need patience for repetitive precision tasks and the ability to maintain focus during long periods of detailed work.

CAREER ENTRY:
Most workers enter through on-the-job training with a high school diploma (57.9% of workers), though some pursue post-secondary certificates (15.2%) in jewelry making or gemology. Bachelor's degrees (19.0%) may be in gemology, geology, or related fields for those seeking advanced positions. Entry-level positions typically involve assisting experienced workers and learning to operate basic cutting and polishing equipment under supervision.

CAREER TRAJECTORY:
Workers can advance to senior craftsperson roles, specializing in high-value stones or complex custom work. Some transition to gemological assessment and grading roles, potentially earning certifications from organizations like the Gemological Institute of America. Others may move into supervisory positions, jewelry design, or establish independent gem cutting businesses. The combination of technical skills and market knowledge can lead to roles in gem wholesale trading or retail jewelry management.

MARKET INTELLIGENCE:
Employment of 22,440 workers earn a median annual wage of $52,540 (BLS OEWS May 2025), with experienced workers reaching $87,540. Geographic wage variation is significant, with Connecticut offering the highest wages at $69,800 compared to Arkansas at $35,950, reflecting regional differences in luxury markets. The industry is concentrated in retail trade (12,470 workers) and manufacturing (5,200 workers), with additional opportunities in wholesale trade. Employment is geographically clustered in areas with established jewelry industries and high-income consumer markets. Demand correlates with luxury spending and fashion trends, making the field somewhat sensitive to economic cycles.

AUTOMATION OUTLOOK:
The role has moderate automation resistance due to the need for human judgment in aesthetic decisions and handling of valuable materials. While some precision cutting operations may become more automated, the critical evaluation of gem quality, creative decision-making about optimal cuts, and customer advisory functions remain distinctly human capabilities.

--- REASONED EDGES ---
  [skill_overlap] Jewelers and Precious Stone and Metal Workers (51-9071.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both roles share identical top skills including Active Listening, Speaking, and Critical Thinking with similar importance and level scores.
    data: Active Listening (imp:3.1, lvl:3.0)
    data: Speaking (imp:3.1, lvl:3.0)
    data: Critical Thinking (imp:3.0, lvl:3.1)
  [task_similarity] Grinding and Polishing Workers, Hand (51-9022.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both roles involve operating grinding equipment and polishing materials using similar hand-operated machinery and precision techniques.
    data: Hold stones against rotating plates, wheels, saws
    data: Operate grinding equipment
  [riasec_cluster] Etchers and Engravers (51-9194.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both roles exhibit high Realistic (R:5.46) and Conventional (C:4.11) RIASEC scores, indicating similar work preferences for hands-on precision work.
    data: R:5.46
    data: C:4.11
    data: Finger Dexterity (imp:3.6, lvl:4.4)
  [knowledge_overlap] Tool Grinders, Filers, and Sharpeners (51-4194.00) — confidence:medium
    reasoning: Both roles require Production and Processing knowledge (imp:3.2, lvl:3.7) for operating specialized cutting and shaping equipment.
    data: Production and Processing (imp:3.2, lvl:3.7)
    data: Equipment maintenance tasks
  [transferable_skill] Stone Cutters and Carvers, Manufacturing (51-9195.03) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both roles require Quality Control Analysis (imp:3.4, lvl:3.5) for evaluating material characteristics and finished product quality.
    data: Quality Control Analysis (imp:3.4, lvl:3.5)
    data: Measure dimensions to verify conformance
    data: Evaluate quality of materials

--- NORMALIZER SIGNALS ---
  match_keywords   : ['diamond worker', 'gem cutter', 'diamond cutter', 'stone polisher', 'brillianteer', 'diamond grader', 'lapidary', 'gemstone worker']
  exclude_keywords : ['jeweler', 'goldsmith', 'silversmith', 'metal worker', 'watchmaker']
  title_patterns   : ['Diamond *', 'Gem *', '* Diamond *', '* Gem *', 'Lapidary *']
  common_variations: ['brilliandeer', 'diamond assorter', 'diamond cleaver', 'diamond polisher', 'clarity expert', 'diamond driller', 'gem grader', 'stone cutter']

total_terms    : 40
top_words      : ['diamond', 'diamonds', 'golconda', 'others', 'tendency', 'equipment', 'india', 'region', 'stones', 'mines', 'principles', 'materials', 'jewels', 'century', 'quality', 'production', 'became', 'mining', 'physical', 'world']
source_layers  : onet_tasks | onet_dimensions | dwas | wikipedia | inference

TERM                    COUNT     FREQ  DOMINANT SOURCE      SOURCE BREAKDOWN
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
diamond                   101  0.02071  wikipedia            wikipedia:98%  inference:2%
diamonds                  100  0.02050  wikipedia            wikipedia:97%  onet_tasks:3%
golconda                   70  0.01435  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
others                     43  0.00881  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:88%  wikipedia:5%  onet_tasks:2%
tendency                   42  0.00861  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
equipment                  33  0.00677  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:70%  dwas:18%  inference:9%
india                      29  0.00594  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
region                     24  0.00492  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
stones                     20  0.00410  onet_tasks           onet_tasks:40%  wikipedia:30%  inference:30%
mines                      20  0.00410  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
principles                 16  0.00328  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
materials                  16  0.00328  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:62%  dwas:19%  inference:19%
jewels                     16  0.00328  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
century                    16  0.00328  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
quality                    15  0.00308  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:40%  wikipedia:33%  onet_tasks:13%
production                 15  0.00308  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:53%  dwas:33%  wikipedia:13%
became                     15  0.00308  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
mining                     15  0.00308  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
physical                   13  0.00266  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:46%  dwas:38%  wikipedia:15%
world                      13  0.00266  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
gems                       12  0.00246  onet_tasks           onet_tasks:50%  wikipedia:25%  inference:25%
includes                   12  0.00246  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
control                    12  0.00246  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
techniques                 12  0.00246  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:83%  wikipedia:8%  inference:8%
objects                    12  0.00246  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
french                     12  0.00246  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
crown                      12  0.00246  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
cut                        11  0.00226  wikipedia            wikipedia:64%  onet_tasks:27%  inference:9%
gem                        11  0.00226  wikipedia            wikipedia:45%  inference:36%  onet_tasks:18%
standards                  11  0.00226  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:73%  wikipedia:18%  inference:9%
products                   11  0.00226  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:45%  dwas:36%  inference:18%
ideas                      11  0.00226  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
later                      11  0.00226  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
jewelry                    10  0.00205  inference            inference:60%  wikipedia:30%  onet_tasks:10%
known                      10  0.00205  wikipedia            wikipedia:90%  onet_dimensions:10%
body                       10  0.00205  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
precious                   10  0.00205  dwas                 dwas:50%  wikipedia:30%  inference:20%
noor                       10  0.00205  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
examine                     9  0.00185  dwas                 dwas:56%  onet_tasks:33%  wikipedia:11%
characteristics             9  0.00185  dwas                 dwas:56%  onet_dimensions:22%  onet_tasks:11%