[Core] [52% incumbents] Mix and apply glazes to pottery pieces, using tools, such as spray guns.
  DWAs: Mix ingredients to create specific finishes. | Apply protective or decorative finishes to workpieces or products.

[Core] [52% incumbents] Raise and shape clay into wares, such as vases and pitchers, on revolving wheels, using hands, fingers, and thumbs.
  DWAs: Shape clay or dough to create products.

[Core] [52% incumbents] Position balls of clay in centers of potters' wheels, and start motors or pump treadles with feet to revolve wheels.
  DWAs: Position raw materials on processing or production equipment.

[Core] [52% incumbents] Press thumbs into centers of revolving clay to form hollows, and press on the inside and outside of emerging clay cylinders with hands and fingers, gradually raising and shaping clay to desired forms and sizes.
  DWAs: Shape clay or dough to create products.

[Core] [52% incumbents] Pack and ship pottery to stores or galleries for retail sale.
  DWAs: Package objects for shipping. | Send information, materials or documentation.

[Core] [52% incumbents] Smooth surfaces of finished pieces, using rubber scrapers and wet sponges.
  DWAs: Smooth surfaces of objects or equipment.

[Core] [52% incumbents] Pull wires through bases of articles and wheels to separate finished pieces.
  DWAs: Maneuver workpieces in equipment during production.

[Core] [52% incumbents] Operate pug mills to blend and extrude clay.
  DWAs: Operate mixing equipment.

[Core] [52% incumbents] Perform test-fires of pottery to determine how to achieve specific colors and textures.
  DWAs: Conduct test runs of production equipment.

[Core] [51% incumbents] Operate gas or electric kilns to fire pottery pieces.
  DWAs: Operate heating or drying equipment.

[Core] [51% incumbents] Adjust wheel speeds according to the feel of the clay as pieces enlarge and walls become thinner.
  DWAs: Adjust equipment to ensure optimal performance.

[Core] [51% incumbents] Move pieces from wheels so that they can dry.
  DWAs: Remove products or workpieces from production equipment.

[Core] [51% incumbents] Prepare work for sale or exhibition, and maintain relationships with retail, pottery, art, and resource networks that can facilitate sale or exhibition of work.
  DWAs: Construct distinctive physical objects for artistic, functional, or commercial purposes. | Develop professional relationships or networks.

[Core] [51% incumbents] Attach handles to pottery pieces.
  DWAs: Construct distinctive physical objects for artistic, functional, or commercial purposes.

[Core] [51% incumbents] Design spaces to display pottery for sale.
  DWAs: Develop artistic or design concepts for decoration, exhibition, or commercial purposes.

[Core] [51% incumbents] Verify accuracy of shapes and sizes of objects, using calipers and templates.
  DWAs: Measure dimensions of completed products or workpieces to verify conformance to specifications.

[Core] [51% incumbents] Examine finished ware for defects and measure dimensions, using rule and thickness gauge.
  DWAs: Measure dimensions of completed products or workpieces to verify conformance to specifications.

[Core] [51% incumbents] Maintain supplies of tools, equipment, and materials, and order additional supplies as needed.
  DWAs: Maintain inventories of materials, equipment, or products. | Order materials, supplies, or equipment.

[Supplemental] [51% incumbents] Start machine units and conveyors and observe lights and gauges on panel board to verify operational efficiency.
  DWAs: Monitor equipment operation to ensure proper functioning.

[Supplemental] [51% incumbents] Operate drying chambers to dry or finish molded ceramic ware.
  DWAs: Operate heating or drying equipment.

[Supplemental] [51% incumbents] Adjust pressures, temperatures, and trimming tool settings as required.
  DWAs: Set equipment controls to meet cutting specifications.

[Supplemental] [51% incumbents] Design clay forms and molds, and decorations for forms.
  DWAs: Design jewelry or decorative objects.

[Supplemental] [51% incumbents] Teach pottery classes.
  DWAs: Teach classes in area of specialization.

[EMERGING:Revision] Apply glazes to pottery pieces, using tools such as spray guns.

[EMERGING:New] Decorate pottery using tools such as brushes.

[EMERGING:New] Load and unload pottery from kilns.

[EMERGING:Revision] Mix chemicals according to recipes to create glazes.

--- SKILLS ---
  Active Listening (imp:3.00 lvl:2.88) — Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand
  Critical Thinking (imp:3.00 lvl:3.12) — Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternativ
  Monitoring (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or organization
  Speaking (imp:2.88 lvl:2.88) — Talking to others to convey information effectively.
  Reading Comprehension (imp:2.75 lvl:2.88) — Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work-related documents.
  Writing (imp:2.38 lvl:2.62) — Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the audienc
  Mathematics (imp:2.12 lvl:1.75) — Using mathematics to solve problems.
  Active Learning (imp:2.00 lvl:2.12) — Understanding the implications of new information for both current and future pr
  Learning Strategies (imp:1.75 lvl:1.38) — Selecting and using training/instructional methods and procedures appropriate fo
  Science (imp:1.50 lvl:0.62) — Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems.

--- KNOWLEDGE ---
  Fine Arts (imp:4.01 lvl:5.12) — Knowledge of the theory and techniques required to compose, produce, and perform
  Production and Processing (imp:3.94 lvl:4.11) — Knowledge of raw materials, production processes, quality control, costs, and ot
  Design (imp:3.60 lvl:3.62) — Knowledge of design techniques, tools, and principles involved in production of 
  Customer and Personal Service (imp:3.39 lvl:3.46) — Knowledge of principles and processes for providing customer and personal servic
  Chemistry (imp:3.20 lvl:3.72) — Knowledge of the chemical composition, structure, and properties of substances a
  Administration and Management (imp:3.14 lvl:3.96) — Knowledge of business and management principles involved in strategic planning, 
  Sales and Marketing (imp:3.08 lvl:3.27) — Knowledge of principles and methods for showing, promoting, and selling products
  Engineering and Technology (imp:2.99 lvl:3.02) — Knowledge of the practical application of engineering science and technology. Th
  Mathematics (imp:2.96 lvl:3.34) — Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their appl
  Mechanical (imp:2.91 lvl:3.23) — Knowledge of machines and tools, including their designs, uses, repair, and main
  Public Safety and Security (imp:2.84 lvl:2.71) — Knowledge of relevant equipment, policies, procedures, and strategies to promote
  English Language (imp:2.82 lvl:3.17) — Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the mea
  Administrative (imp:2.67 lvl:2.69) — Knowledge of administrative and office procedures and systems such as word proce
  Communications and Media (imp:2.58 lvl:3.02) — Knowledge of media production, communication, and dissemination techniques and m
  Economics and Accounting (imp:2.54 lvl:2.27) — Knowledge of economic and accounting principles and practices, the financial mar
  Education and Training (imp:2.49 lvl:2.81) — Knowledge of principles and methods for curriculum and training design, teaching
  Computers and Electronics (imp:2.36 lvl:2.97) — Knowledge of circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and comput
  Transportation (imp:2.29 lvl:2.49) — Knowledge of principles and methods for moving people or goods by air, rail, sea
  Psychology (imp:2.26 lvl:2.05) — Knowledge of human behavior and performance; individual differences in ability, 
  Physics (imp:2.09 lvl:1.37) — Knowledge and prediction of physical principles, laws, their interrelationships,
  Personnel and Human Resources (imp:1.81 lvl:1.26) — Knowledge of principles and procedures for personnel recruitment, selection, tra
  Telecommunications (imp:1.73 lvl:1.17) — Knowledge of transmission, broadcasting, switching, control, and operation of te
  History and Archeology (imp:1.67 lvl:1.49) — Knowledge of historical events and their causes, indicators, and effects on civi
  Law and Government (imp:1.62 lvl:1.38) — Knowledge of laws, legal codes, court procedures, precedents, government regulat
  Philosophy and Theology (imp:1.53 lvl:1.36) — Knowledge of different philosophical systems and religions. This includes their 
  Geography (imp:1.47) — Knowledge of principles and methods for describing the features of land, sea, an
  Building and Construction (imp:1.40 lvl:0.75) — Knowledge of materials, methods, and the tools involved in the construction or r
  Sociology and Anthropology (imp:1.40 lvl:0.71) — Knowledge of group behavior and dynamics, societal trends and influences, human 
  Medicine and Dentistry (imp:1.38 lvl:0.66) — Knowledge of the information and techniques needed to diagnose and treat human i
  Therapy and Counseling (imp:1.30) — Knowledge of principles, methods, and procedures for diagnosis, treatment, and r
  Foreign Language (imp:1.25) — Knowledge of the structure and content of a foreign (non-English) language inclu
  Food Production (imp:1.15 lvl:0.18) — Knowledge of techniques and equipment for planting, growing, and harvesting food
  Biology (imp:1.12) — Knowledge of plant and animal organisms, their tissues, cells, functions, interd

--- ABILITIES ---
  Arm-Hand Steadiness (imp:4.00 lvl:4.00) — The ability to keep your hand and arm steady while moving your arm or while hold
  Manual Dexterity (imp:3.88 lvl:3.88) — The ability to quickly move your hand, your hand together with your arm, or your
  Finger Dexterity (imp:3.88 lvl:3.75) — The ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the fingers of one or bot
  Visualization (imp:3.62 lvl:3.75) — The ability to imagine how something will look after it is moved around or when 
  Control Precision (imp:3.62 lvl:4.00) — The ability to quickly and repeatedly adjust the controls of a machine or a vehi
  Near Vision (imp:3.62 lvl:3.75) — The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the observer).
  Multilimb Coordination (imp:3.50 lvl:3.62) — The ability to coordinate two or more limbs (for example, two arms, two legs, or
  Originality (imp:3.12 lvl:3.50) — The ability to come up with unusual or clever ideas about a given topic or situa
  Deductive Reasoning (imp:3.12 lvl:3.12) — The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that 
  Information Ordering (imp:3.12 lvl:3.12) — The ability to arrange things or actions in a certain order or pattern according
  Category Flexibility (imp:3.12 lvl:3.12) — The ability to generate or use different sets of rules for combining or grouping
  Selective Attention (imp:3.12 lvl:3.00) — The ability to concentrate on a task over a period of time without being distrac
  Oral Comprehension (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through 
  Oral Expression (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will unde
  Fluency of Ideas (imp:3.00 lvl:2.88) — The ability to come up with a number of ideas about a topic (the number of ideas
  Problem Sensitivity (imp:3.00 lvl:3.12) — The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does no
  Inductive Reasoning (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusion
  Rate Control (imp:3.00 lvl:2.88) — The ability to time your movements or the movement of a piece of equipment in an
  Visual Color Discrimination (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to match or detect differences between colors, including shades of c
  Speech Recognition (imp:3.00 lvl:3.00) — The ability to identify and understand the speech of another person.
  Written Comprehension (imp:2.88 lvl:3.00) — The ability to read and understand information and ideas presented in writing.
  Static Strength (imp:2.88 lvl:2.88) — The ability to exert maximum muscle force to lift, push, pull, or carry objects.
  Trunk Strength (imp:2.88 lvl:2.88) — The ability to use your abdominal and lower back muscles to support part of the 
  Extent Flexibility (imp:2.88 lvl:2.88) — The ability to bend, stretch, twist, or reach with your body, arms, and/or legs.
  Speech Clarity (imp:2.88 lvl:2.88) — The ability to speak clearly so others can understand you.
  Flexibility of Closure (imp:2.75 lvl:2.50) — The ability to identify or detect a known pattern (a figure, object, word, or so
  Perceptual Speed (imp:2.75 lvl:2.75) — The ability to quickly and accurately compare similarities and differences among
  Response Orientation (imp:2.75 lvl:2.75) — The ability to choose quickly between two or more movements in response to two o
  Wrist-Finger Speed (imp:2.75 lvl:2.88) — The ability to make fast, simple, repeated movements of the fingers, hands, and 
  Far Vision (imp:2.75 lvl:2.62) — The ability to see details at a distance.
  Written Expression (imp:2.62 lvl:2.88) — The ability to communicate information and ideas in writing so others will under
  Depth Perception (imp:2.62 lvl:2.62) — The ability to judge which of several objects is closer or farther away from you
  Reaction Time (imp:2.50 lvl:2.38) — The ability to quickly respond (with the hand, finger, or foot) to a signal (sou
  Dynamic Strength (imp:2.50 lvl:2.25) — The ability to exert muscle force repeatedly or continuously over time. This inv
  Time Sharing (imp:2.38 lvl:2.12) — The ability to shift back and forth between two or more activities or sources of
  Stamina (imp:2.25 lvl:2.12) — The ability to exert yourself physically over long periods of time without getti
  Mathematical Reasoning (imp:2.00 lvl:1.50) — The ability to choose the right mathematical methods or formulas to solve a prob
  Number Facility (imp:2.00 lvl:1.38) — The ability to add, subtract, multiply, or divide quickly and correctly.
  Gross Body Coordination (imp:2.00 lvl:2.00) — The ability to coordinate the movement of your arms, legs, and torso together wh
  Memorization (imp:1.88 lvl:1.62) — The ability to remember information such as words, numbers, pictures, and proced
  Speed of Closure (imp:1.88 lvl:1.50) — The ability to quickly make sense of, combine, and organize information into mea
  Gross Body Equilibrium (imp:1.88 lvl:1.50) — The ability to keep or regain your body balance or stay upright when in an unsta
  Hearing Sensitivity (imp:1.88 lvl:1.75) — The ability to detect or tell the differences between sounds that vary in pitch 
  Auditory Attention (imp:1.88 lvl:1.88) — The ability to focus on a single source of sound in the presence of other distra
  Spatial Orientation (imp:1.75 lvl:1.00) — The ability to know your location in relation to the environment or to know wher
  Speed of Limb Movement (imp:1.75 lvl:1.50) — The ability to quickly move the arms and legs.
  Peripheral Vision (imp:1.62 lvl:1.00) — The ability to see objects or movement of objects to one's side when the eyes ar
  Glare Sensitivity (imp:1.62 lvl:0.62) — The ability to see objects in the presence of a glare or bright lighting.
  Explosive Strength (imp:1.50 lvl:0.62) — The ability to use short bursts of muscle force to propel oneself (as in jumping
  Night Vision (imp:1.50 lvl:0.50) — The ability to see under low-light conditions.
  Sound Localization (imp:1.50 lvl:0.50) — The ability to tell the direction from which a sound originated.
  Dynamic Flexibility (imp:1.25 lvl:0.50) — The ability to quickly and repeatedly bend, stretch, twist, or reach out with yo

--- WORK ACTIVITIES ---
  Handling and Moving Objects (imp:4.35 lvl:5.89) — Using hands and arms in handling, installing, positioning, and moving materials,
  Thinking Creatively (imp:4.12 lvl:4.60) — Developing, designing, or creating new applications, ideas, relationships, syste
  Controlling Machines and Processes (imp:4.03 lvl:5.07) — Using either control mechanisms or direct physical activity to operate machines 
  Performing General Physical Activities (imp:3.92 lvl:4.22) — Performing general physical activities includes doing activities that require co
  Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Materials (imp:3.72 lvl:3.49) — Inspecting equipment, structures, or materials to identify the cause of errors o
  Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work (imp:3.58 lvl:4.08) — Developing specific goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and accomplish your
  Monitoring Processes, Materials, or Surroundings (imp:3.39 lvl:3.62) — Monitoring and reviewing information from materials, events, or the environment,
  Making Decisions and Solving Problems (imp:3.36 lvl:3.50) — Analyzing information and evaluating results to choose the best solution and sol
  Repairing and Maintaining Mechanical Equipment (imp:3.35 lvl:3.75) — Servicing, repairing, adjusting, and testing machines, devices, moving parts, an
  Scheduling Work and Activities (imp:3.23 lvl:3.47) — Scheduling events, programs, and activities, as well as the work of others.
  Selling or Influencing Others (imp:3.18 lvl:2.65) — Convincing others to buy merchandise/goods or to otherwise change their minds or
  Getting Information (imp:3.15 lvl:2.83) — Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from all relevant sour
  Estimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or Information (imp:3.11 lvl:2.30) — Estimating sizes, distances, and quantities; or determining time, costs, resourc
  Monitoring and Controlling Resources (imp:3.09 lvl:3.55) — Monitoring and controlling resources and overseeing the spending of money.
  Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships (imp:3.05 lvl:3.78) — Developing constructive and cooperative working relationships with others, and m
  Performing for or Working Directly with the Public (imp:3.01 lvl:3.42) — Performing for people or dealing directly with the public. This includes serving
  Developing Objectives and Strategies (imp:3.00 lvl:3.34) — Establishing long-range objectives and specifying the strategies and actions to 
  Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events (imp:2.93 lvl:2.79) — Identifying information by categorizing, estimating, recognizing differences or 
  Communicating with People Outside the Organization (imp:2.87 lvl:3.15) — Communicating with people outside the organization, representing the organizatio
  Judging the Qualities of Objects, Services, or People (imp:2.84 lvl:2.64) — Assessing the value, importance, or quality of things or people.
  Evaluating Information to Determine Compliance with Standards (imp:2.74 lvl:2.64) — Using relevant information and individual judgment to determine whether events o
  Operating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or Equipment (imp:2.70 lvl:2.33) — Running, maneuvering, navigating, or driving vehicles or mechanized equipment, s
  Documenting/Recording Information (imp:2.52 lvl:2.07) — Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining information in writte
  Analyzing Data or Information (imp:2.47 lvl:2.38) — Identifying the underlying principles, reasons, or facts of information by break
  Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge (imp:2.45 lvl:2.84) — Keeping up-to-date technically and applying new knowledge to your job.
  Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates (imp:2.29 lvl:1.89) — Providing information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone,
  Repairing and Maintaining Electronic Equipment (imp:2.24 lvl:2.00) — Servicing, repairing, calibrating, regulating, fine-tuning, or testing machines,
  Processing Information (imp:2.21 lvl:2.40) — Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, or verifying
  Performing Administrative Activities (imp:2.21 lvl:1.74) — Performing day-to-day administrative tasks such as maintaining information files
  Working with Computers (imp:2.12 lvl:1.73) — Using computers and computer systems (including hardware and software) to progra
  Coordinating the Work and Activities of Others (imp:2.00 lvl:1.96) — Getting members of a group to work together to accomplish tasks.
  Resolving Conflicts and Negotiating with Others (imp:1.95 lvl:1.15) — Handling complaints, settling disputes, and resolving grievances and conflicts, 
  Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others (imp:1.83 lvl:1.44) — Translating or explaining what information means and how it can be used.
  Coaching and Developing Others (imp:1.80 lvl:0.81) — Identifying the developmental needs of others and coaching, mentoring, or otherw
  Training and Teaching Others (imp:1.77 lvl:1.47) — Identifying the educational needs of others, developing formal educational or tr
  Guiding, Directing, and Motivating Subordinates (imp:1.72 lvl:1.15) — Providing guidance and direction to subordinates, including setting performance 
  Developing and Building Teams (imp:1.56 lvl:0.79) — Encouraging and building mutual trust, respect, and cooperation among team membe
  Drafting, Laying Out, and Specifying Technical Devices, Parts, and Equipment (imp:1.46 lvl:1.11) — Providing documentation, detailed instructions, drawings, or specifications to t
  Assisting and Caring for Others (imp:1.44 lvl:0.91) — Providing personal assistance, medical attention, emotional support, or other pe
  Providing Consultation and Advice to Others (imp:1.44 lvl:0.77) — Providing guidance and expert advice to management or other groups on technical,
  Staffing Organizational Units (imp:1.13) — Recruiting, interviewing, selecting, hiring, and promoting employees in an organ

--- WORK STYLES ---
  Attention to Detail (imp:2.19) — A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
  Dependability (imp:1.78) — A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related o
  Innovation (imp:1.41) — A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on 
  Cautiousness (imp:1.26) — A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related
  Achievement Orientation (imp:1.03) — A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, 
  Attention to Detail (imp:1.00) — A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
  Perseverance (imp:0.97) — A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in 
  Self-Confidence (imp:0.85) — A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control 
  Self-Control (imp:0.63) — A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in res
  Adaptability (imp:0.59) — A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas 
  Initiative (imp:0.57) — A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may
  Intellectual Curiosity (imp:0.56) — A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep 
  Stress Tolerance (imp:0.48) — A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
  Integrity (imp:0.38) — A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
  Cooperation (imp:0.27) — A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
  Optimism (imp:0.16) — A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even un
  Sincerity (imp:0.13) — A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, withou
  Social Orientation (imp:0.11) — A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
  Humility (imp:0.08) — A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
  Innovation () — A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on 
  Achievement Orientation () — A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, 
  Intellectual Curiosity () — A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep 
  Tolerance for Ambiguity () — A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
  Initiative () — A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may
  Adaptability () — A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas 
  Self-Confidence () — A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control 
  Perseverance () — A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in 
  Leadership Orientation () — A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
  Humility () — A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
  Sincerity () — A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, withou
  Empathy () — A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feel
  Cooperation () — A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
  Optimism () — A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even un
  Social Orientation () — A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
  Cautiousness () — A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related
  Dependability () — A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related o
  Integrity () — A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
  Stress Tolerance () — A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
  Self-Control () — A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in res
  Empathy (imp:-0.06) — A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feel
  Tolerance for Ambiguity (imp:-0.09) — A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
  Leadership Orientation (imp:-0.32) — A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.

--- TRANSFERABLE SKILLS ---
  Operations Monitoring (imp:3.25 lvl:3.12) — Watching gauges, dials, or other indicators to make sure a machine is working pr
  Operation and Control (imp:3.12 lvl:3.12) — Controlling operations of equipment or systems.
  Social Perceptiveness (imp:2.88 lvl:2.75) — Being aware of others' reactions and understanding why they react as they do.
  Quality Control Analysis (imp:2.88 lvl:2.50) — Conducting tests and inspections of products, services, or processes to evaluate
  Coordination (imp:2.62 lvl:2.50) — Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions.
  Complex Problem Solving (imp:2.62 lvl:2.12) — Identifying complex problems and reviewing related information to develop and ev
  Judgment and Decision Making (imp:2.62 lvl:2.62) — Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential actions to choose the m
  Service Orientation (imp:2.38 lvl:2.00) — Actively looking for ways to help people.
  Time Management (imp:2.38 lvl:2.38) — Managing one's own time and the time of others.
  Troubleshooting (imp:2.12 lvl:1.62) — Determining causes of operating errors and deciding what to do about it.
  Systems Analysis (imp:2.12 lvl:1.88) — Determining how a system should work and how changes in conditions, operations, 
  Management of Material Resources (imp:2.12 lvl:1.62) — Obtaining and seeing to the appropriate use of equipment, facilities, and materi
  Persuasion (imp:2.00 lvl:2.00) — Persuading others to change their minds or behavior.
  Operations Analysis (imp:2.00 lvl:1.88) — Analyzing needs and product requirements to create a design.
  Systems Evaluation (imp:2.00 lvl:1.38) — Identifying measures or indicators of system performance and the actions needed 
  Management of Personnel Resources (imp:2.00 lvl:1.88) — Motivating, developing, and directing people as they work, identifying the best 
  Instructing (imp:1.88 lvl:1.75) — Teaching others how to do something.
  Negotiation (imp:1.75 lvl:1.38) — Bringing others together and trying to reconcile differences.
  Technology Design (imp:1.62 lvl:0.75) — Generating or adapting equipment and technology to serve user needs.
  Equipment Selection (imp:1.62 lvl:0.75) — Determining the kind of tools and equipment needed to do a job.
  Management of Financial Resources (imp:1.62 lvl:0.75) — Determining how money will be spent to get the work done, and accounting for the
  Equipment Maintenance (imp:1.50 lvl:0.62) — Performing routine maintenance on equipment and determining when and what kind o
  Repairing (imp:1.38 lvl:0.62) — Repairing machines or systems using the needed tools.
  Programming (imp:1.12 lvl:0.12) — Writing computer programs for various purposes.
  Installation (imp:1.00) — Installing equipment, machines, wiring, or programs to meet specifications.

--- NATIONAL WAGES ---
  total_employment : 33,190
  annual_median    : $46,170
  annual_pct10     : $35,850
  annual_pct25     : $39,280
  annual_pct75     : $53,000
  annual_pct90     : $61,530
  annual_mean      : $47,500
  hourly_median    : $22.20

--- GEOGRAPHIC DISPERSION ---
  highest_state    : Montana ($57,860)
  lowest_state     : Arkansas ($35,620)
  dispersion_ratio : 1.624x

--- TOP STATES BY WAGE (48 total) ---
  Manufacturing                            emp:   27,390  median: $  45,990
  Construction                             emp:    3,110  median: $  49,840
  Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services emp:    1,020  median: $  36,290
  Retail Trade                             emp:      770  median: $  46,290
  Wholesale Trade                          emp:      390  median: $  48,100
  Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction emp:      100  median: $  52,720
  Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation      emp:       80  median: $  45,110
  Other Services (except Public Administration) emp:       80  median: $  49,530
  Federal, State, and Local Government, excluding State and Local Government Schools and Hospitals and the U.S. Postal Service (OEWS Designation) emp:       60  median: $  60,940

--- TOP INDUSTRIES BY EMPLOYMENT (9 total) ---
  Manufacturing                            emp:   27,390  median: $  45,990
  Construction                             emp:    3,110  median: $  49,840
  Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services emp:    1,020  median: $  36,290
  Retail Trade                             emp:      770  median: $  46,290
  Wholesale Trade                          emp:      390  median: $  48,100
  Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction emp:      100  median: $  52,720
  Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation      emp:       80  median: $  45,110
  Other Services (except Public Administration) emp:       80  median: $  49,530
  Federal, State, and Local Government, excluding State and Local Government Schools and Hospitals and the U.S. Postal Service (OEWS Designation) emp:       60  median: $  60,940

exact_match_status : found
matched_title      : Manufacturing
match_score        : 0.7429
wikidata_qid       : Q187939
word_count         : 3,299
wikipedia_url      : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manufacturing
license            : CC BY-SA 4.0
fetched_at         : 2026-06-02T23:27:44.037539Z

--- WIKIPEDIA FULL TEXT ---
Manufacturing is the creation or production of goods with the help of equipment, labor, machines, tools, and chemical or biological processing or formulation. It is the essence of the secondary sector of the economy. The term may refer to a range of human activity, from handicraft to high-tech, but it is most commonly applied to industrial design, in which raw materials from the primary sector are transformed into finished goods on a large scale. Such goods may be sold to other manufacturers for the production of other more complex products (such as aircraft, household appliances, furniture, sports equipment or automobiles), or distributed via the tertiary sector to end users and consumers (usually through wholesalers, who in turn sell to retailers, who then sell them to individual customers).

Manufacturing engineering is the field of engineering that designs and optimizes the manufacturing process, or the steps through which raw materials are transformed into a final product. The manufacturing process begins with product design, and materials specification. These materials are then modified through manufacturing to become the desired product.
Contemporary manufacturing encompasses all intermediary stages involved in producing and integrating components of a product. Some industries, such as semiconductor and steel manufacturers, use the term fabrication instead.
The manufacturing sector is closely connected with the engineering and industrial design industries.


== Etymology ==
The Modern English word manufacture is likely derived from the Middle French manufacture ("process of making") which itself originates from the Classical Latin manū ("hand") and the Middle French facture ("making"). Alternatively, the English word may have been independently formed from the earlier English manufacture ("made by human hands") and fracture. Its earliest usage in the English language was recorded in the mid-16th century to refer to the making of products by hand.


== History and development ==


=== Prehistory and ancient history ===

Human ancestors manufactured objects using stone and other tools long before the emergence of Homo sapiens about 200,000 years ago. The earliest methods of stone tool making, known as the Oldowan "industry", date back to at least 2.3 million years ago, with the earliest direct evidence of tool usage found in Ethiopia within the Great Rift Valley, dating back to 2.5 million years ago. To manufacture a stone tool, a "core" of hard stone with specific flaking properties (such as flint) was struck with a hammerstone. This flaking produced sharp edges that could be used as tools, primarily in the form of choppers or scrapers. These tools greatly aided the early humans in their hunter-gatherer lifestyle to form other tools out of softer materials such as bone and wood. The Middle Paleolithic, approximately 300,000 years ago, saw the introduction of the prepared-core technique, where multiple blades could be rapidly formed from a single core stone. Pressure flaking, in which a wood, bone, or antler punch could be used to shape a stone very finely was developed during the Upper Paleolithic, beginning approximately 40,000 years ago. During the Neolithic period, polished stone tools were manufactured from a variety of hard rocks such as flint, jade, jadeite, and greenstone. The polished axes were used alongside other stone tools including projectiles, knives, and scrapers, as well as tools manufactured from organic materials such as wood, bone, and antler.
Copper smelting is believed to have originated when the technology of pottery kiln allowed sufficiently high temperatures. The concentration of various elements such as arsenic increases with depth in copper ore deposits and smelting of these ores yields arsenical bronze, which can be sufficiently work-hardened to be suitable for manufacturing tools. Bronze is an alloy of copper with tin; the latter of which being found in relatively few deposits globally delayed true tin bronze from becoming widespread. During the Bronze Age, bronze was a major improvement over stone as a material for making tools, both because of its mechanical properties like strength and ductility and because it could be cast in molds to make intricately shaped objects. Bronze significantly advanced shipbuilding technology with better tools and bronze nails, which replaced the old method of attaching boards of the hull with cord woven through drilled holes. The Iron Age is conventionally defined by the widespread manufacturing of weapons and tools using iron and steel rather than bronze. Iron smelting is more difficult than tin and copper smelting because smelted iron requires hot-working and can be melted only in specially designed furnaces. The place and time for the discovery of iron smelting is not known, partly because of the difficulty of distinguishing metal extracted from nickel-containing ores from hot-worked meteoritic iron.
During the growth of the ancient civilizations, many ancient technologies resulted from advances in manufacturing. Several of the six classic simple machines were invented in Mesopotamia. The Mesopotamians have been credited with the invention of the wheel. The wheel and axle mechanism first appeared with the potter's wheel, invented in Mesopotamia (modern Iraq) during the 5th millennium BC. Egyptian paper made from papyrus, as well as pottery, were mass-produced and exported throughout the Mediterranean basin. Early construction techniques used by the Ancient Egyptians made use of bricks composed mainly of clay, sand, silt, and other minerals.


=== Medieval and early modern ===

The Middle Ages witnessed new inventions, innovations in the ways of managing traditional means of production, and economic growth. Papermaking, a 2nd-century Chinese technology, was carried to the Middle East when a group of Chinese papermakers were captured in the 8th century. Papermaking technology was spread to Europe by the Umayyad conquest of Hispania. A paper mill was established in Sicily in the 12th century. In Europe the fiber to make pulp for making paper was obtained from linen and cotton rags. Lynn Townsend White Jr. credited the spinning wheel with increasing the supply of rags, which led to cheap paper, which was a factor in the development of printing. Due to the casting of cannon, the blast furnace came into widespread use in France in the mid 15th century. The blast furnace had been used in China since the 4th century BC. The stocking frame, which was invented in 1598, increased a knitter's number of knots per minute from 100 to 1000.


=== First and Second Industrial Revolutions ===

The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes in Europe and the United States from 1760 to the 1830s. This transition included going from hand production methods to machines, new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes, the increasing use of steam power and water power, the development of machine tools and the rise of the mechanized factory system. The Industrial Revolution also led to an unprecedented rise in the rate of population growth. Textiles were the dominant industry of the Industrial Revolution in terms of employment, value of output and capital invested. The textile industry was also the first to use modern production methods. Rapid industrialization first began in Britain, starting with mechanized spinning in the 1780s, with high rates of growth in steam power and iron production occurring after 1800. Mechanized textile production spread from Great Britain to continental Europe and the United States in the early 19th century, with important centres of textiles, iron and coal emerging in Belgium and the United States and later textiles in France.
An economic recession occurred from the late 1830s to the early 1840s when the adoption of the Industrial Revolution's early innovations, such as mechanized spinning and weaving, slowed down and their markets matu

--- SEMANTIC NEIGHBORS (5) ---

  Title: Lincoln Potters (similarity: 0.3784)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lincoln_Potters
  QID: Q27987134
  Extract: The Lincoln Potters are a collegiate wood bat baseball team based in Lincoln, California. They are operating as part of the summer collegiate wood bat league known as the Pacific Empire League. It began operations in 2016 as members of the Great West League. They play their home games at McBean Stad

  Title: Iznik pottery (similarity: 0.3429)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iznik_pottery
  QID: Q2696793
  Extract: Iznik pottery, or Iznik ware, named after the town of İznik in Anatolia where it was made, is a decorated ceramic that was produced from the last quarter of the 15th century until the end of the 17th century. The Ottoman Turkish motivation for creating İznik ware was to imitate the prestige and symb

  Title: List of studio potters (similarity: 0.3182)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_studio_potters
  QID: Q19666219
  Extract: 

This is a list of notable studio potters. A studio potter is one who is a modern artist or artisan, who either works alone or in a small group, producing unique items of pottery in small quantities, typically with all stages of manufacture carried out by themselves. Studio pottery includes functio

  Title: Studer (similarity: 0.2143)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Studer
  QID: Q3500925
  Extract: Studer is a designer and manufacturer of professional audio equipment for recording studios and broadcasters. The company was founded in Zurich, Switzerland, in 1948 by Willi Studer. It initially became known in the 1950s for its professional tape recorders. In the 1990s, the company moved into the 

  Title: Polymer clay (similarity: 0.3529)
  URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymer_clay
  QID: Q60121
  Extract: Polymer clay is a type of hardenable modeling clay based on the polymer polyvinyl chloride (PVC). It typically contains no clay minerals, but like mineral clay, a liquid is added to dry particles until it achieves gel-like working properties. Similarly, the part is put into an oven to harden, hence 

model_pass1          : claude-sonnet-4-20250514
model_pass2          : claude-haiku-4-5-20251001
inference_confidence : high
confidence_notes     : Strong data foundation with detailed work activities, comprehensive skill/knowledge profiles, and robust wage data from BLS OEWS May 2025. Related occupations provide clear career pathway context.
inferred_at          : 2026-06-04T02:43:41.449183+00:00
tokens_input         : 4,664
tokens_output        : 4,443
cost_usd             : $0.049280
wikipedia_used       : True
wikipedia_title      : Manufacturing
wikipedia_note       : The Wikipedia match for 'Manufacturing' provides relevant context about industrial production processes that align with the role's focus on commercial pottery production using equipment and systematic processes.

--- PROSE FIELDS ---

ROLE SUMMARY:
Manufacturing potters operate specialized production machinery including pug mills, jigger machines, and potter's wheels to transform clay into ceramic, pottery, and stoneware products for commercial manufacturing. They combine artistic sensibility with mechanical precision, shaping clay forms through wheel throwing, applying glazes using spray equipment, and firing products in kilns to achieve desired finishes. These skilled artisans bridge traditional pottery craftsmanship with modern manufacturing processes to produce functional and decorative ceramic goods at scale.

DAY IN THE LIFE:
Manufacturing potters begin by mixing clay in pug mills and positioning clay balls on revolving potter's wheels, using their hands and feet to control wheel speed and clay formation. They shape vessels by pressing thumbs into clay centers and manipulating walls to create forms like vases and pitchers, requiring steady arm-hand coordination and finger dexterity. Between forming sessions, they mix glazes according to chemical recipes and apply finishes using spray guns or brushes. They monitor kiln operations for firing pottery pieces, conducting test fires to achieve specific colors and textures. Quality control involves inspecting finished pieces, smoothing surfaces with rubber scrapers, and separating completed items using wire tools. The day concludes with packaging products for shipment to retail stores and galleries.

WHO THRIVES:
Individuals who excel as manufacturing potters possess exceptional manual dexterity and arm-hand steadiness, combined with strong visualization abilities to conceptualize three-dimensional forms from raw clay. They demonstrate high attention to detail and dependability in following precise chemical formulations for glazes and maintaining consistent firing temperatures. Creative thinkers who can innovate within manufacturing constraints thrive, as evidenced by the role's emphasis on originality and thinking creatively. Those with fine arts knowledge and appreciation for design principles succeed in balancing aesthetic considerations with production efficiency requirements.

CAREER ENTRY:
Entry into manufacturing pottery typically requires some college coursework or specialized training, with 30.9% of practitioners having completed some college and 30.5% holding high school diplomas. Many begin through apprenticeships or ceramic arts programs that provide hands-on experience with pottery wheels, glazing techniques, and kiln operations. Prior experience in other artistic manufacturing roles or craft production can provide relevant transferable skills in materials handling and quality control.

CAREER TRAJECTORY:
Manufacturing potters can advance to supervisory roles overseeing pottery production teams or specialize in glaze chemistry and kiln management. Some transition to become craft artists with greater creative autonomy, while others move into related manufacturing roles like molding and casting operations. Experienced potters may establish their own studios or become trainers for new manufacturing pottery workers, leveraging their combined artistic and technical expertise.

MARKET INTELLIGENCE:
Manufacturing potters earn a median annual wage of $46,170 according to BLS OEWS May 2025 data, with entry-level positions starting around $35,850 and experienced practitioners earning up to $61,530. The field employs 33,190 workers nationally, with manufacturing accounting for 27,390 positions and construction providing 3,110 jobs. Geographic wage variation is moderate at 1.62x, ranging from $35,620 in Arkansas to $57,860 in Montana. Employment concentrates in regions with established ceramic manufacturing industries and artisan communities. Demand remains stable for skilled potters who can operate modern production equipment while maintaining traditional craftsmanship standards.

AUTOMATION OUTLOOK:
Manufacturing pottery work shows moderate resistance to automation due to the complex hand-eye coordination required for wheel throwing and the artistic judgment needed for form creation and glaze application. While some mixing and kiln operations may become more automated, the core activities of shaping clay and quality assessment require human dexterity and creative thinking that current technology cannot replicate effectively.

--- REASONED EDGES ---
  [task_similarity] Molders, Shapers, and Casters, Except Metal and Plastic (51-9195.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Both roles involve shaping materials using specialized equipment and require similar manual dexterity and control precision abilities.
    data: Handling and Moving Objects (4.3 imp)
    data: Manual Dexterity (3.9 imp)
    data: Control Precision (3.6 imp)
  [skill_overlap] Craft Artists (27-1012.00) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Shared emphasis on Fine Arts knowledge (4.0 imp) and Thinking Creatively work activity (4.1 imp) with similar artistic sensibilities.
    data: Fine Arts knowledge (4.0 imp, 5.1 lvl)
    data: Thinking Creatively (4.1 imp)
    data: Originality (3.1 imp)
  [task_similarity] Painting, Coating, and Decorating Workers (51-9123.00) — confidence:medium
    reasoning: Both roles involve applying finishes and coatings using spray equipment and require attention to detail for surface preparation.
    data: Apply glazes using spray guns
    data: Attention to Detail work style (2.2)
    data: Quality Control Analysis (2.9)
  [riasec_cluster] Jewelers and Precious Stone and Metal Workers (51-9071.00) — confidence:medium
    reasoning: Both occupations show high Realistic orientation and require similar fine motor skills and artistic craftsmanship abilities.
    data: Realistic RIASEC (6.92)
    data: Finger Dexterity (3.9 imp)
    data: Fine Arts knowledge
  [knowledge_overlap] Glass Blowers, Molders, Benders, and Finishers (51-9195.04) — confidence:high
    reasoning: Shared Production and Processing knowledge (3.9 imp) and similar heat treatment processes using kilns and furnaces.
    data: Production and Processing (3.9 imp, 4.1 lvl)
    data: Operate kilns to fire pottery
    data: Controlling Machines and Processes (4.0 imp)
  [transferable_skill] Foundry Mold and Coremakers (51-4071.00) — confidence:medium
    reasoning: Both roles require Operations Monitoring and Operation and Control skills for managing production equipment and quality.
    data: Operations Monitoring (3.2 imp)
    data: Operation and Control (3.1 imp)
    data: Job Zone 3 preparation level

--- NORMALIZER SIGNALS ---
  match_keywords   : ['manufacturing potter', 'production potter', 'pottery machine operator', 'jigger operator', 'kiln worker', 'clay mixer', 'pottery manufacturer', 'ceramic production']
  exclude_keywords : ['studio potter', 'art teacher', 'ceramic artist', 'independent artist', 'fine artist']
  title_patterns   : ['Manufacturing Potter', 'Production Potter', 'Pottery Machine Operator', 'Jigger Machine Operator', 'Pugmill Operator']
  common_variations: ['potter manufacturing', 'ceramic production worker', 'pottery production specialist', 'industrial potter', 'commercial potter', 'pottery machine tender', 'ceramic manufacturer', 'pottery worker']

total_terms    : 40
top_words      : ['manufacturing', 'equipment', 'production', 'tendency', 'others', 'tools', 'clay', 'pottery', 'materials', 'objects', 'principles', 'products', 'design', 'control', 'hand', 'industrial', 'machines', 'potters', 'includes', 'performance']
source_layers  : onet_tasks | onet_dimensions | dwas | wikipedia | inference

TERM                    COUNT     FREQ  DOMINANT SOURCE      SOURCE BREAKDOWN
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
manufacturing             101  0.02165  wikipedia            wikipedia:84%  inference:16%
equipment                  45  0.00964  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:51%  dwas:29%  wikipedia:11%
production                 44  0.00943  wikipedia            wikipedia:57%  onet_dimensions:18%  inference:16%
tendency                   42  0.00900  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
others                     39  0.00836  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:97%  inference:3%
tools                      28  0.00600  wikipedia            wikipedia:64%  onet_dimensions:18%  onet_tasks:14%
clay                       27  0.00579  wikipedia            wikipedia:33%  onet_tasks:30%  inference:30%
pottery                    26  0.00557  onet_tasks           onet_tasks:42%  inference:35%  wikipedia:23%
materials                  24  0.00514  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:42%  wikipedia:33%  dwas:17%
objects                    20  0.00429  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:60%  dwas:25%  wikipedia:10%
principles                 17  0.00364  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:94%  inference:6%
products                   17  0.00364  dwas                 dwas:41%  onet_dimensions:29%  inference:18%
design                     16  0.00343  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:38%  wikipedia:31%  onet_tasks:12%
control                    16  0.00343  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:75%  inference:19%  wikipedia:6%
hand                       15  0.00321  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:47%  wikipedia:33%  inference:20%
industrial                 15  0.00321  wikipedia            wikipedia:93%  inference:7%
machines                   14  0.00300  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:50%  wikipedia:43%  inference:7%
potters                    13  0.00279  inference            inference:54%  wikipedia:38%  onet_tasks:8%
includes                   13  0.00279  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:92%  wikipedia:8%
performance                12  0.00257  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:58%  wikipedia:33%  dwas:8%
techniques                 12  0.00257  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:83%  wikipedia:8%  inference:8%
quality                    12  0.00257  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:50%  wikipedia:25%  inference:25%
operations                 12  0.00257  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:50%  inference:33%  wikipedia:17%
pieces                     11  0.00236  onet_tasks           onet_tasks:73%  inference:18%  onet_dimensions:9%
operate                    11  0.00236  onet_tasks           onet_tasks:27%  onet_dimensions:27%  dwas:27%
machine                    11  0.00236  wikipedia            wikipedia:73%  onet_dimensions:18%  onet_tasks:9%
costs                      11  0.00236  wikipedia            wikipedia:64%  onet_dimensions:36%
human                      11  0.00236  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:64%  wikipedia:27%  inference:9%
activities                 11  0.00236  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:82%  wikipedia:9%  inference:9%
ideas                      11  0.00236  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
century                    11  0.00236  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%
needs                      10  0.00214  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:80%  wikipedia:20%
standards                  10  0.00214  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:80%  wikipedia:10%  inference:10%
product                    10  0.00214  wikipedia            wikipedia:80%  onet_dimensions:20%
technology                 10  0.00214  wikipedia            wikipedia:50%  onet_dimensions:40%  inference:10%
moving                     10  0.00214  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:70%  wikipedia:30%
quickly                    10  0.00214  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:90%  wikipedia:10%
body                       10  0.00214  onet_dimensions      onet_dimensions:100%
modern                     10  0.00214  wikipedia            wikipedia:80%  inference:20%
development                10  0.00214  wikipedia            wikipedia:100%